Strip mine side slope freezing layer thickness measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an open-pit mine side slope frozen layer thickness measuring device, which belongs to the technical field of open-pit mine side slope monitoring, and comprises a supporting part, a measuring part and a control part, an inner cavity of the liquid storage part is filled with liquid capable of forming ice; the multiple liquid storage parts are distributed in the circumferential direction of the supporting part. The traction part is of an elastic structure and is used for connecting the liquid storage part and the supporting part and adjusting the position of the liquid storage part. According to the application, a physical measurement mode is adopted, a freezing layer upfreezing principle is utilized, the problem of measuring the thickness of a freezing layer is converted into the problem of measuring the depth of water freezing in a side slope body, the position of the liquid storage part is adjusted through the traction part, so that the liquid storage part is attached to a rock wall of a temperature measurement hole on the side slope of the surface mine, and the temperature measurement is realized. Each liquid storage part can accurately represent measurement data within a certain range, the freezing condition of the liquid storage parts is observed within the specified time, the freezing layer thickness of the strip mine slope is obtained by measuring the freezing length of the liquid storage parts, and the dependence of data conduction on network signals is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of open-pit mine slope monitoring technology, and relates to a device for measuring the thickness of frozen layer on open-pit mine slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit mine slopes are a crucial component of open-pit mines, and their safety significantly impacts overall mine safety. Slope freeze-thaw cycles are a major natural hazard causing slope damage, and the basis for freeze-thaw events is the presence of frozen soil on the slope. Frozen soil refers to various rocks and soils containing ice with temperatures below zero degrees Celsius. Due to geographical environment and spatial location, different open-pit mines in the same region can have different microclimates. Even within the same open-pit mine, factors such as the sun's orientation and the location of the slope can lead to significant differences in the thickness of the frozen layer.

[0003] Conventional frozen soil thickness refers to the thickness of the ice layer below the ground surface in winter. However, for open-pit mine slopes, the exposed surface is a sloping section, and the angle of solar radiation received differs significantly from that at ground level. Therefore, open-pit mines need to monitor not only the frozen soil thickness on the horizontal surface but also on the slope. Conventional frozen soil monitoring devices mostly use precision instruments, have complex structures, and are costly. Furthermore, data transmission relies on network signals. Therefore, conventional frozen soil monitoring devices are only suitable for measuring the frozen soil thickness on horizontal surfaces and are not suitable for open-pit mine slopes where on-site network signal transmission is difficult.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to invent a device suitable for measuring the thickness of the frozen layer on open-pit mine slopes. Utility Model Content

[0005] To at least address the problem that conventional frozen layer monitoring devices in the prior art are unsuitable for open-pit mine slopes where on-site network signal transmission is difficult, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a frozen layer thickness measuring device for open-pit mine slopes, the measuring device comprising:

[0006] Support portion, the support portion being used to provide support force;

[0007] Liquid storage compartments, the inner cavity of which contains a liquid capable of freezing; multiple liquid storage compartments are distributed circumferentially along the support; and

[0008] The tensioning part is an elastic structure used to connect the liquid storage part and the support part, and to adjust the position of the liquid storage part.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the liquid storage section includes: a bag;

[0010] One side of the bag is a flexible, fitted surface, and the other side of the bag is connected to the pulling part through a top plate.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the liquid in the liquid storage section is water.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the pulling part includes: a spring tube;

[0013] The first connecting end of the spring tube is connected to the liquid storage part, and the second connecting end of the spring tube is connected to the support part.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the support part includes: an outer pipe;

[0015] A scale is provided on the outer wall of the outer tube along the axial direction.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the measuring device further includes: a length adjustment unit;

[0017] The length adjustment section is used to adjust the length of the pulling section.

[0018] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the length adjustment part includes: a tension line and a rotating handle;

[0019] The tension line is located inside the pulling part, the length of the tension line is greater than the length of the pulling part, and the first connecting end of the tension line is connected to the liquid storage part;

[0020] The rotating handle is connected to the second connecting end of the tension line that extends into the support portion.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the support part further includes: an inner tube;

[0022] The inner tube is located inside the outer tube;

[0023] The grip of the rotating handle is located outside the inner tube, and the rotating rod of the rotating handle is located inside the inner tube;

[0024] The second connecting end of the tensioning line is connected to the rotating rod.

[0025] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the length of the tension line is greater than the length of the pulling part.

[0026] Optionally, in the above-mentioned open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device, the measuring device further includes: an insulating sealing head;

[0027] The insulating plug is used to enclose the measuring device inside the temperature measuring hole on the slope.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model embodiment are:

[0029] This measuring device consists of a support section, a liquid storage section, and a tensioning section. The inventors utilize the principle of freezing of the frozen layer to transform the problem of measuring the thickness of the frozen layer into the problem of measuring the depth of water freezing within the slope. Each liquid storage section in the circumference of the support section contains liquid (water) that can freeze. The position of the liquid storage section is adjusted by the tensioning section, allowing it to adhere to the rock wall of the open-pit mine slope where temperature measuring holes (or existing drainage holes) have been drilled. Each liquid storage section can accurately represent measurement data within a certain range. The freezing condition of the liquid storage section is observed within a specified time. By measuring the frozen length of the liquid storage section, the thickness of the frozen layer on the open-pit mine slope is determined. This measuring device employs a physical measurement method, overcoming the dependence of data transmission on network signals. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the structure of an open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device provided in the embodiments of this utility model under relaxed and tensile states, respectively.

[0031] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a device for measuring the thickness of frozen layer on an open-pit mine slope, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a device for measuring the thickness of frozen layer on an open-pit mine slope, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an open-pit mine slope frost layer thickness measuring device provided in two embodiments of this utility model;

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Water bag; 2. Bourdon tube; 3. Tensioning line; 4. Inner tube; 5. Rotating handle; 6. Outer tube; 7. Top plate; 8. Ruler. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not require that this utility model be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. The terms "connected," "linked," and "set up" used in this utility model should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components; a wired connection, a radio connection, or a wireless communication signal connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides the following technical solution: a device for measuring the thickness of the frozen layer on an open-pit mine slope. The device includes a support section, a liquid storage section, and a tensioning section. The support section provides support for the entire device. The liquid storage section contains a liquid that can freeze, such as water. Multiple liquid storage sections are distributed circumferentially along the support section; that is, the device contains multiple adjacent but not connected independent liquid storage sections, each capable of accurately representing measurement data within a certain range. The tensioning section is an elastic structure used to connect the liquid storage section and the support section, enabling adjustment of the liquid storage section's position.

[0038] Before use, technicians drill temperature measuring holes on the slope of the open-pit mine or utilize existing drainage holes. During use, the measuring device is inserted into the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole), and the pulling part is reset to ensure the liquid storage part is tightly fitted to the rock wall of the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole). The supporting part provides sufficient support for the liquid storage part. Preferably, an insulating sealing head made of insulating materials such as cotton cloth is used to seal the measuring device inside the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole). By sealing the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole) with the insulating sealing head, temperature exchange at the hole opening is isolated, allowing the liquid storage part to exchange temperature only with the rock (soil) of the hole wall. That is, temperature conduction within the hole mainly occurs between the rock (soil) of the hole wall and the liquid storage part. Afterwards, as needed, the sealing of the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole) is opened to observe the freezing condition of the liquid storage part. By measuring the frozen length of the liquid storage part, the thickness of the frozen layer on the open-pit mine slope is determined.

[0039] The inventors utilized the principle of frost layer freezing to transform the problem of measuring frost layer thickness into measuring the depth of water freezing within a slope. Considering the difficulties of network signal transmission in open-pit mines, the inventors adopted a physical measurement method, overcoming the dependence of data transmission on network signals and significantly reducing costs. Furthermore, in the harsh environment of open-pit mines, using mechanical physical methods for data measurement greatly improves the overall robustness of the equipment system. Compared to conventional frost layer monitoring devices in existing technologies, this measuring device does not use precision instruments; its components are relatively simple. It can be used individually or in combination. Operators only need a few simple actions to complete the measurement, requiring no specialized training. The measuring function can be achieved through simple component assembly, and assembly can be completed indoors and transported to the site for installation.

[0040] It is worth mentioning that this measuring device can be reused. After measuring a project area, the liquid storage section can be melted in a warm area and the measurement can be repeated.

[0041] As an embodiment of the specific structure of the liquid storage unit, in this embodiment, the liquid storage unit includes a bag. Using commonly used techniques in the art, an appropriate amount of frozen liquid is injected into the bag. When the liquid inside the bag is water, the bag can also be referred to as a water bag 1. One side of the bag is a flexible, adhesive surface, allowing the bag to fit tightly against the rock wall of the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole). The other side of the bag is connected to the pulling part via the top plate 7. The bag is placed on the top plate 7 using commonly used techniques in the art. It should be noted that this measuring device has multiple water bags 1 designed at the same location, which can comprehensively obtain the frozen layer thickness from multiple spatial angles, facilitating the analysis of the true frozen layer thickness data of the measured area and improving the accuracy of the measurement. Furthermore, because the water bag 1 has a flexible adhesive surface, when the water bag 1 undergoes deformation such as frost heave, the buffering function of the pulling part can effectively absorb the deformation pressure and maintain sufficient adhesive support for the water bag 1.

[0042] As an embodiment of the specific structure of the tensioning part, in this embodiment, the tensioning part includes: a spring tube 2. The spring tube 2 is made of an elastic material and can produce linear displacement when deformed under force, achieving the effect of contraction or elongation. The first connecting end of the spring tube 2 is connected to the liquid storage part, and the second connecting end of the spring tube 2 is connected to the support part, so that the distance between the liquid storage part and the support part can be adjusted by changing the state of the spring tube 2.

[0043] As a specific structural embodiment of the support, in this embodiment, the support includes: an outer tube 6. A scale 8 is axially arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube 6. Preferably, the scale 8 is located between two adjacent liquid storage sections (i.e., water bags). Typically, the freezing conditions of water bags on the radial cross-section of the same outer tube 6 are basically the same, so one scale 8 is sufficient. However, if multiple combinations are required, the multiple scales are added together. See [reference needed] for measurement requirements (i.e., the depth of the temperature measuring hole or the drainage hole). Figure 4 As shown, two sets of measuring devices were used. Before measurement, the two sets of measuring devices were assembled together. During use, the assembled measuring device was placed into the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole), at which point the zero mark of the scale 8 was located at the top of the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole).

[0044] To achieve the purpose of changing the state of the spring tube 2, in this embodiment, the measuring device further includes a length adjustment section. The length adjustment section is used to adjust the length of the pulling section, that is, to contract or extend the pulling section according to measurement needs, so that the measuring device can be placed inside the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole) and the liquid storage section can be made to fit against the rock wall of the temperature measuring hole (or drainage hole). Specifically, the length adjustment section includes a tensioning wire 3 and a rotating handle 5. The tensioning wire 3 is located inside the pulling section (referring to the spring tube 2), and the length of the tensioning wire 3 is greater than the length of the pulling section (see...). Figure 2 As shown, the first connecting end of the tension line 3 is connected to the liquid storage section. The rotating handle 5 is connected to the second connecting end of the tension line 3, which extends into the support section. By rotating the handle 5 in the forward direction, the tension line 3 is contracted. The first connecting end of the tension line 3 pulls the liquid storage section closer to the support section, causing the spring tube 2 to contract. At this time, the measuring device is in the position of... Figure 1 (b) shows the tensioned state; by rotating handle 5 in the opposite direction, the tension line 3 is loosened, and the first connecting end of the tension line 3 pushes the liquid storage part away from the support part, causing the spring tube 2 to extend. At this time, the measuring device is in the position shown. Figure 1 (a) shows the relaxed state.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the specific structure of the support section, this embodiment further includes an inner tube 4 (also called a central tube). See also Figure 3As shown, the inner tube 4 is located inside the outer tube 6. A rotating handle 5 is mounted on the inner tube 4. Specifically, the rotating handle 5 includes a grip and a rotating rod, with one end of the rotating rod fixedly connected to the grip. The grip of the rotating handle 5 is located outside the inner tube 4. Preferably, the length of the grip is greater than the diameter of the inner tube 4, or the inner tube 4 has an end cap, with the grip located outside the end cap, and one end of the rotating rod extending through the end cap into the inner cavity of the inner tube 4. The rotating rod of the rotating handle 5 is located inside the inner tube 4, and the second connecting end of the tension line 3 is connected to the rotating rod. Thus, by rotating the grip, the grip rotates the rotating rod in the same direction, and simultaneously the rotating rod rotates the tension line 3 in the same direction, causing the tension line 3 to loosen or contract (in this state, part of the tension line 3 is wrapped around the rotating rod), thereby achieving the adjustment of the distance between the pouch and the outer tube 6, or the function of adjusting the pouch position. The tension line 3 can be the existing tension line 3. It is understood that in... Figure 4 In the image shown, the zero mark of the ruler 8 is close to the rotating handle 5. After removing the measuring device from the hole, observe where the bag (referring to the water bag) has frozen to, and start taking the reading from the rotating handle 5.

[0046] As is known from common technical knowledge, this utility model can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this utility model or its equivalents are included in this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the thickness of frost layer on an open-pit mine slope, characterized in that, The measuring device includes: Support portion, the support portion being used to provide support force; Liquid storage compartments, the inner cavity of which contains a liquid capable of freezing; multiple liquid storage compartments are distributed circumferentially along the support; and The tensioning part is an elastic structure used to connect the liquid storage part and the support part, and to adjust the position of the liquid storage part.

2. The device for measuring the thickness of frozen layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid storage section includes: a bag; One side of the bag is a flexible, fitted surface, and the other side of the bag is connected to the pulling part through a top plate.

3. The device for measuring the thickness of frost layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid in the storage compartment is water.

4. The device for measuring the thickness of frozen layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulling part includes: a spring tube; The first connecting end of the spring tube is connected to the liquid storage part, and the second connecting end of the spring tube is connected to the support part.

5. The device for measuring the thickness of frost layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support component includes: an outer tube; A scale is provided on the outer wall of the outer tube along the axial direction.

6. The device for measuring the thickness of frozen layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The measuring device further includes: a length adjustment unit; The length adjustment section is used to adjust the length of the pulling section.

7. The device for measuring the thickness of frozen layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length adjustment unit includes: a tensioning line and a rotating handle; The tension line is located inside the pulling part, the length of the tension line is greater than the length of the pulling part, and the first connecting end of the tension line is connected to the liquid storage part; The rotating handle is connected to the second connecting end of the tension line that extends into the support portion.

8. The device for measuring the thickness of frost layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support portion further includes: an inner tube; The inner tube is located inside the outer tube; The handle of the rotating handle is located outside the inner tube, and the rotating rod of the rotating handle is located inside the inner tube; The second connecting end of the tensioning line is connected to the rotating rod.

9. The device for measuring the thickness of frozen layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of the tensioning line is greater than the length of the pulling part.

10. The device for measuring the thickness of frost layer on open-pit mine slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring device further includes: an insulated sealing head; The insulating plug is used to enclose the measuring device inside the temperature measuring hole on the slope.

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