Intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device, which belongs to the field of direct lightning protection and comprises a current-limiting lightning rod, a multi-gap assembly and a lightning current measuring assembly. By arranging the multi-gap assembly on the current-limiting lightning rod, when the lightning current exceeds the through-current capability of the current-limiting lightning rod, the lightning current is conducted and reduced through the main gap and the multiple gaps on the multi-gap assembly; under the action of the current-limiting lightning rod, the main discharge time of lightning is prolonged from microsecond level to millisecond level, and when the lightning flows through too many gaps, a radial arc spraying effect is generated to further prolong the main discharge time of lightning, so that the lightning waves are changed from continuous waves to discontinuous waves, flashover of the current-limiting lightning rod is avoided, and damage of lightning current to the rod body is avoided; the direct lightning protection device has a self-protection capability; by arranging the lightning current measuring assembly, the system has intelligent functions of lightning current data measurement and transmission, and lightning big data is formed to provide support for follow-up research, product improvement, customer demand meeting and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of direct lightning protection technology, specifically relating to an intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device. Background Technology

[0002] The main method of direct lightning protection is to install lightning rods, lightning wires, lightning protection networks, and other equipment on or around the protected object. These devices use their conductivity to conduct the lightning current to themselves and quickly guide it to the ground, neutralizing the charge in the thundercloud and thus protecting the protected object and equipment.

[0003] The commonly used lightning protection equipment is the Franklin lightning rod, but the Franklin lightning rod has the following defects: the lightning current rises extremely steeply. When a lightning current with an amplitude of tens to hundreds of kiloamperes flows through the lightning rod, it will cause the ground potential to rise, generate a very high step voltage or contact voltage, and form a changing electromagnetic field in the surrounding space. When traditional lightning rods are used to protect the area around the lightning rod, especially weak electrical equipment and flammable and explosive materials, it is very easy to cause huge losses.

[0004] Currently, many new types of lightning rods have been developed based on the Franklin lightning rod, among which the current-limiting lightning rod, which can reduce the amplitude and steepness of lightning current and increase the protection range of the lightning rod, is widely used. After years of operation, the effectiveness of these products has been verified, but some problems also exist, such as the problem of lightning flashover of the handpiece during lightning strikes, damage to the handpiece by lightning current passing through it, and the lack of lightning current data measurement during operation. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, this utility model provides an intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device, which can solve the flashover problem of current-limiting lightning rods and improve the overall service life of the device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device, which includes multiple current-limiting lightning rods and a multi-gap assembly.

[0007] One end of the current-limiting lightning rod is fixed to the base, and the other end is a free end. Multiple current-limiting lightning rods are distributed on the base in a hemispherical outward divergence pattern.

[0008] The multi-gap assembly is disposed on at least one of the current-limiting lightning rods, including a main gap unit and a multi-gap unit; the main gap unit includes two first electrodes, which are spaced apart on the current-limiting lightning rod along the extension direction of the current-limiting lightning rod, and the air gap between the two first electrodes forms the main gap for electrical isolation.

[0009] The multi-gap unit is located on the side of the main gap unit away from the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod, and includes a rotating insulating tape and multiple second electrodes. The rotating insulating tape is spirally wound around the current-limiting lightning rod, and the multiple second electrodes are spaced apart inside the rotating insulating tape. The air gap between two adjacent second electrodes forms a multi-gap unit, which is used to conduct lightning current and extinguish arc.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the first electrode is a columnar conductor, and the end of the first electrode away from the current-limiting lightning rod is hemispherical.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the second electrode is a spherical, cylindrical or cuboid conductor; the air gap distance between two adjacent second electrodes is 0.3~10mm.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the rotating insulator strip is provided with a plurality of gap holes at intervals on the side away from the current limiting lightning rod, and the second electrode is correspondingly provided on both sides of the gap holes.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod is 5 to 35 kΩ.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the current-limiting lightning rod includes a needle body, a semiconductor layer and a protective layer. The semiconductor layer covers the needle body and is made of conductive materials and polymer elastic materials. The protective layer covers the semiconductor layer and is made of insulating polymer elastic materials.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, it also includes a lightning current measurement component, which includes a Rogowski coil, a power supply module, a lightning current measurement module, and a wireless communication module; the Rogowski coil is installed on the periphery of the base and connected to the lightning current measurement module, the lightning current measurement module is connected to the wireless communication module, and both the lightning current measurement module and the wireless communication module are connected to the power supply module.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, the base is installed on the object to be protected via a lightning arrester tower, and the lightning current measuring component is installed on the lightning arrester tower.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, the plurality of current-limiting lightning rods include a main current-limiting lightning rod, which is vertically arranged at the center of one side of the base, and the remaining current-limiting lightning rods are auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods. The gap assembly is arranged on the main current-limiting lightning rod.

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod is provided with multiple metal needles, which are arranged in an outward diverging pattern.

[0019] The aforementioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this utility model compared with the prior art include:

[0021] (1) The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device of this utility model, by setting a multi-gap assembly on the current-limiting lightning rod, conducts and reduces the lightning current through the main gap and multiple gaps on the multi-gap assembly when the lightning current exceeds the current-limiting lightning rod's current-carrying capacity and the voltage across its terminals is greater than its flashover voltage. Under the action of the current-limiting lightning rod, the main discharge time of the lightning is extended from the microsecond level to the millisecond level. When the lightning current passes through the multiple gaps, a radial arcing effect is generated, further extending the main discharge time of the lightning and changing the lightning wave from a continuous wave to a discontinuous wave. At the same time, when the lightning current passes through the main gap and multiple gaps, an arc voltage drop is generated due to the arc resistance, which can consume the lightning energy and reduce the lightning current. The multi-gap assembly can prevent the current-limiting lightning rod from flashover and prevent the lightning current from damaging the rod body, so that the direct lightning strike protection device has self-protection capability and improves the service life of the device.

[0022] (2) The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device of this utility model limits the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod to between 5 and 35 kΩ, thereby utilizing the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod itself to extend the main discharge time of lightning from microseconds to milliseconds, reducing the current amplitude and steepness of the lightning current; at the same time, by using a high-molecular elastic material with high current carrying capacity, good weather resistance and self-recovery capability as the material of the current-limiting lightning rod, the ability of the current-limiting lightning rod to carry lightning current and its service life are improved.

[0023] (3) The intelligent nonlinear current limiting direct lightning protection device of this utility model has the function of measuring and transmitting lightning current data by setting up a lightning current measurement component in the device. It can measure and record the time, location, magnitude, waveform, etc. of lightning current occurrence in real time, forming lightning big data to support subsequent research, product improvement and meeting customer needs, and has intelligent functions.

[0024] (4) The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device of this utility model has a simple structure, can reduce the hazards of lightning, improve the current-limiting lightning rod and the current-carrying capacity of the direct lightning protection device, and avoid flashover of the current-limiting lightning rod and avoid damage to the rod body by lightning current. It has self-protection and self-recovery functions, and has a long service life. It can be widely used in various fields such as power, communication, petroleum and petrochemical, munitions and explosives, construction, radio and television and meteorology, and has good application prospects and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device in this utility model embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of section B;

[0029] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1. Main current-limiting lightning rod; 2. Auxiliary current-limiting lightning rod; 21. Rod body; 22. Semiconductor layer; 23. Protective layer; 3. Multi-gap assembly; 31. Rotating insulating strip; 32. First electrode; 33. Second electrode; 4. Base; 5. Lightning arresting tower; 6. Lightning current measuring assembly; 61. Rogowski coil; 62. Solar panel; 63. Housing; 64. Lightning current measuring module; 65. Wireless communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0032] Furthermore, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.

[0033] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] Example:

[0036] Please see Figures 1-3The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device in the preferred embodiment of this utility model includes multiple current-limiting lightning rods, and a multi-gap component 3 is provided on at least one current-limiting lightning rod to attract lightning to itself, thereby preventing the protected object from being struck by lightning. When the lightning current exceeds the current-limiting lightning rod's current-carrying capacity, the multi-gap component 3 conducts the lightning current to consume the lightning energy, thereby reducing the lightning current and preventing flashover of the current-limiting lightning rod. This achieves the device's self-protection capability and increases the service life of the lightning protection device.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown in the preferred embodiment, one end of the current-limiting lightning rod is fixed to the base 4, and the other end is a free end. Multiple current-limiting lightning rods are distributed in a hemispherical outward divergence on one side of the base 4, so as to use their own height to distort the electric field of the thundercloud, attract lightning to themselves, and prevent the protected object from being struck by lightning.

[0038] Preferably, multiple small metal needles are provided at the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod, and the multiple small metal needles are arranged in an outward diverging shape.

[0039] More specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the current-limiting lightning rod includes a rod body 21, a semiconductor layer 22, and a protective layer 23. The rod body 21 is a tube or rod of equal diameter or conical shape made of fiberglass or carbon fiber materials, which serves as a support. The semiconductor layer 22 is covered on the surface of the rod body 21. It is formed by adding conductive materials to a polymer elastic material such as silicone rubber or ethylene propylene rubber to form a semiconductor material, which controls the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod to 5~35kΩ. Through the limiting effect of the resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod, the upward induced charge in the oncoming leader generated by the direct lightning protection device slows down. When the downward leader develops and meets the oncoming leader generated by the direct lightning protection device to form a high-resistance discharge channel, the neutralization speed of the upward induced charge and the downward thundercloud charge slows down, and the main discharge process of the discharge channel becomes "milder". This extends the main discharge time of the lightning from the microsecond level to the millisecond level, and significantly reduces the current amplitude and steepness of the lightning current.

[0040] Correspondingly, a protective layer 23 is applied to the surface of the semiconductor layer 22. It is made of insulating polymer elastic materials such as silicone rubber and ethylene propylene rubber to protect the conductive layer and prevent cracks and aging caused by limited current carrying capacity and the influence of climate, especially ultraviolet rays. This improves the lightning rod's ability to carry lightning current and its service life.

[0041] like Figure 1 In the specific embodiment shown, there is a main current-limiting lightning rod 1 among the multiple current-limiting lightning rods, which is vertically set at the center of one side of the base 4, and the rest are auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods 2, which are arranged around the outside of the main current-limiting lightning rod 1.

[0042] Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment, the multi-gap component 3 is disposed on at least one current-limiting lightning rod so that when the lightning current exceeds the current-carrying capacity of the current-limiting lightning rod and before the current-limiting lightning rod flashes over, the lightning current can be conducted to the multi-gap component 3, thereby realizing the nonlinear function of the direct lightning protection device and improving the overall lightning current carrying capacity of the device.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the multi-gap assembly 3 includes a main gap unit and a multi-gap unit; wherein, the main gap unit includes two first electrodes 32, which are spaced apart on the current-limiting lightning rod along the extension direction of the current-limiting lightning rod, and the air gap between the two first electrodes 32 forms the main gap for electrical isolation;

[0044] Correspondingly, a multi-gap unit is set on the side of the main gap unit away from the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod, including a rotating insulating strip 31 and multiple second electrodes 33. The rotating insulating strip 31 is spirally wound on the current-limiting lightning rod, and the multiple second electrodes 33 are spaced apart inside the rotating insulating strip 31. The air gap between two adjacent second electrodes 33 forms a multi-gap, so as to generate a radial arcing effect when lightning current passes through, which plays the role of conducting lightning current and extinguishing arc, thereby consuming part of the lightning energy and reducing the lightning current.

[0045] Understandably, under the action of the current-limiting lightning rod, the main discharge time of lightning is extended from the microsecond level to the millisecond level, and the response time of the arcing action is also in the millisecond level. Under the arcing action of the multi-gap, the lightning wave changes from a continuous wave to a discontinuous wave. At the same time, when the lightning current passes through the main gap and the multi-gap, the arc voltage drop generated by the arc resistance can consume the lightning energy and reduce the lightning current. This allows the lightning current to be conducted through the multi-gap component 3, avoiding the flashover of the current-limiting lightning rod and enabling the direct lightning protection device to have self-protection capability.

[0046] In actual setup, the multi-gap component 3 can be installed only on the main current-limiting lightning rod 1. Of course, the multi-gap component 3 can also be installed on multiple current-limiting lightning rods, as long as it can be ensured that one or more multi-gap components 3 can cover all current-limiting lightning rods.

[0047] Preferably, the first electrode 32 is a cylindrical conductor, and the end of it facing away from the current-limiting lightning rod is hemispherical.

[0048] Preferably, the second electrode 33 is a spherical, cylindrical, or cuboid conductor; the air gap distance between two adjacent second electrodes 33 is 0.3~10mm.

[0049] Preferably, multiple gap holes are provided at intervals on the side of the rotating insulating strip 31 of the multi-gap unit away from the current-limiting lightning rod, and the second electrode 33 is correspondingly provided on both sides of the gap hole to form an air gap at the gap hole.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown in the preferred embodiment, the base 4 has multiple mounting plates arranged circumferentially on the side near the main current-limiting lightning rod 1, and a mounting column is arranged at the center of the circumference. The main current-limiting lightning rod 1 is connected and installed on the mounting column, and the auxiliary current-limiting lightning rod 2 is installed on the mounting plate. In actual installation, one mounting plate can correspond to one auxiliary current-limiting lightning rod 2, or one mounting plate can correspond to multiple auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods 2. Specifically, the auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods 2 can be evenly installed on the outer periphery of the main current-limiting lightning rod 1 according to the number of auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods 2.

[0051] Accordingly, the end of the base 4 facing away from the main current-limiting lightning rod 1 is fixedly installed on the lightning tower 5 so that the protective device can be installed on the protected object through the lightning tower 5.

[0052] Furthermore, the intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning protection device of this utility model also includes a lightning current measurement component 6 to monitor and transmit lightning current data, thereby accumulating lightning data.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the lightning current measurement component 6 in the preferred embodiment includes a Rogowski coil 61, a power supply module, a lightning current measurement module 64, and a wireless communication module 65; wherein, the Rogowski coil 61 is installed on the periphery of the base 4 and connected to the lightning current measurement module 64, so as to monitor the lightning current passing through the direct lightning strike protection device in real time through the Rogowski coil 61, and store the lightning current signal and information such as the corresponding device number and the lightning current occurrence time through the lightning current measurement module 64;

[0054] Accordingly, the lightning current measurement module 64 and the wireless communication module 65 are installed in the housing 63 on the lightning tower 5, and the lightning current measurement module 64 is connected to the wireless communication module 65 to transmit the relevant signals collected by the lightning current measurement module 64 to the wireless communication module 65, and send the corresponding signals to the remote control device through the wireless communication module 65, so as to realize the data collection of lightning current signals.

[0055] Meanwhile, the lightning current measurement module 64 and the wireless communication module 65 are respectively connected to the power module. The power module preferably includes a solar panel 62, which is fixedly installed on the lightning tower 5 to provide working power to the lightning current measurement module 64 and the wireless communication module 65 through the solar panel 62.

[0056] This utility model discloses an intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device. It has a simple structure, can reduce lightning hazards, improve the current-carrying capacity of current-limiting lightning rods and direct lightning strike protection devices, and prevent flashover of current-limiting lightning rods. It has self-protection and self-recovery functions, long service life, and can be widely used in various fields such as power, communications, petrochemicals, munitions and explosives, construction, broadcasting and television, and meteorology. It has good application prospects and promotion value.

[0057] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device, characterized in that, Includes multiple current-limiting lightning rods and multiple gap components; One end of the current-limiting lightning rod is fixed to the base, and the other end is a free end. Multiple current-limiting lightning rods are distributed on the base in a hemispherical outward divergence pattern. The multi-gap assembly is disposed on at least one of the current-limiting lightning rods, including a main gap unit and a multi-gap unit; the main gap unit includes two first electrodes, which are spaced apart on the current-limiting lightning rod along the extension direction of the current-limiting lightning rod, and the air gap between the two first electrodes forms the main gap for electrical isolation. The multi-gap unit is disposed on the side of the main gap unit away from the free end of the current-limiting lightning rod, and includes a rotating insulating strip and multiple second electrodes. The rotating insulating strip is spirally wound around the current-limiting lightning rod, and the multiple second electrodes are spaced apart inside the rotating insulating strip. The air gap between two adjacent second electrodes forms a multi-gap unit, which is used to conduct lightning current and extinguish arc.

2. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrode is a cylindrical conductor, and the end of the first electrode away from the current-limiting lightning rod is hemispherical.

3. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second electrode is a spherical, cylindrical, or cuboid conductor; the air gap distance between two adjacent second electrodes is 0.3~10mm.

4. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The rotating insulator strip has multiple gap holes spaced apart on the side opposite to the current-limiting lightning rod, and the second electrode is correspondingly disposed on both sides of the gap holes.

5. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistance of the current-limiting lightning rod is 5–35 kΩ.

6. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current-limiting lightning rod includes a rod body, a semiconductor layer, and a protective layer. The semiconductor layer covers the rod body and is made of conductive materials and polymer elastic materials. The protective layer covers the semiconductor layer and is made of insulating polymer elastic materials.

7. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lightning current measurement component, which includes a Rogowski coil, a power supply module, a lightning current measurement module, and a wireless communication module. The Rogowski coil is installed on the periphery of the base and connected to the lightning current measurement module. The lightning current measurement module is connected to the wireless communication module, and both the lightning current measurement module and the wireless communication module are connected to the power supply module.

8. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The base is installed on the object to be protected via a lightning arrester tower, and the lightning current measuring component is installed on the lightning arrester tower.

9. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of current-limiting lightning rods include a main current-limiting lightning rod, which is vertically arranged at the center of one side of the base, and the remaining current-limiting lightning rods are auxiliary current-limiting lightning rods. The gap assembly is arranged on the main current-limiting lightning rod.

10. The intelligent nonlinear current-limiting direct lightning strike protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The free end of the current-limiting lightning rod is provided with multiple metal needles, which are arranged in an outward diverging pattern.

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