A smart water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation

Abstract

This utility model provides an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation, relating to the field of soilless potato cultivation technology. It includes a housing, a top-liftable cultivation mechanism, and a drip irrigation assembly. The housing contains an atomizing irrigation assembly and a three-stage filtration and circulation system. The atomizing irrigation assembly is connected to an atomizing sprayer via a replenishment pipe, a storage pipe, and a water guide pipe, achieving precise atomized nutrient supply to the roots. The drip irrigation assembly forms a zoned, controllable irrigation network through a first water guide pipe, a second water guide pipe, and drip irrigation holes. The cultivation mechanism includes a detachable cultivation trough, with bottom filter holes and absorbent sponges working together to regulate humidity. Combined with an electric telescopic rod, the harvesting structure can be lifted with a single button. Through dual-mode irrigation coordination and closed-loop water and fertilizer recycling, it achieves efficient water saving and nutrient solution recycling. The electric telescopic rod allows for one-button lifting of the cultivation mechanism without disassembling the equipment structure, reducing tuber breakage and solving the technical bottlenecks of resource waste and inefficient harvesting associated with traditional equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soilless potato cultivation technology, and in particular to an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Potatoes are annual herbaceous plants belonging to the genus *Solanum* of the Solanaceae family. They grow to a height of approximately 0.5-1 meter, with a stem consisting of above-ground and underground parts. The underground stem swells to form tubers, which are flattened-round or oval in shape, with a brown, yellow, or purple skin. Rich in starch, protein, and other nutrients, potatoes are an important food and economic crop. Potatoes are not particular about soil requirements, but loose, well-drained soil is beneficial for tuber enlargement. Their root system is relatively shallow, and they prefer moist conditions but are intolerant of waterlogging. During tuber formation, they require a relatively stable supply of water and nutrients. Soilless cultivation, a technique that eliminates the need for natural soil and relies on nutrient solutions to provide essential plant elements, allows for precise control of the growth environment, avoids soil-borne diseases, and greatly expands the cultivation possibilities for potatoes. It is particularly suitable for large-scale production in protected agriculture and has broad application prospects.

[0003] However, existing hydroponic potato cultivation equipment has the following shortcomings in practical applications:

[0004] 1) Poor water-saving effect: The existing equipment has an imperfect nutrient solution recycling mechanism. Most equipment lacks an efficient waste liquid recovery system. Excess nutrient solution or irrigation water is discharged directly without filtration or testing, resulting in the waste of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and increasing the cost of sewage treatment.

[0005] 2) Lack of design for convenient harvesting: Most existing cultivation containers are fixed structures. After the tubers mature, the substrate needs to be manually turned over or complex support components need to be disassembled. The operation is cumbersome and the tubers are easily damaged. The harvesting efficiency is low and the mechanical automation is poorly adapted, making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency harvesting needs of large-scale production.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a soilless potato cultivation device that combines intelligent water-saving control with convenient harvesting functions to solve the core problems of resource waste and inefficient harvesting. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention proposes an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation. It achieves precise water and fertilizer supply to the roots through the coordinated control of atomized sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation modes, and integrates a three-stage filtration and circulation system to improve the nutrient solution recycling rate. It also enables damage-free harvesting by lifting the cultivation mechanism with an electric telescopic rod with one click. It achieves the goals of high efficiency water saving, intelligent control, and convenient maintenance, thereby solving the problems of serious nutrient solution waste, low harvesting efficiency, and insufficient automation in traditional soilless cultivation equipment.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a soilless potato cultivation intelligent water-saving control device, comprising a box, a cultivation mechanism installed at the upper end of the box, U-shaped supports symmetrically installed on both sides of the top of the cultivation mechanism, a drip irrigation assembly installed on the top of the U-shaped supports, an atomizing spray irrigation assembly installed inside the box, a small water pump assembly, a filter screen, and a second filter plate provided below the atomizing spray irrigation assembly, and electric telescopic rods installed at the four corners of the bottom of the cultivation mechanism;

[0009] The cultivation mechanism includes a fixing plate that covers the upper port of the box, and multiple cultivation components and a water filtration tank are evenly arranged inside the fixing plate.

[0010] The atomizing spray irrigation assembly includes a liquid replenishment pipe that penetrates the housing, and a liquid storage pipe is connected to the end of the liquid replenishment pipe. The liquid storage pipe is detachably fitted with a first sealing cap at both ends, and multiple parallel water guide pipes are connected to its right side. The top of the water guide pipe is connected to an atomizing sprayer through a connecting pipe.

[0011] The drip irrigation assembly includes two first water guide pipes symmetrically installed at both ends of a U-shaped bracket. The outer side of the first water guide pipe is connected to a water inlet pipe. Multiple parallel second water guide pipes are connected between the two first water guide pipes. At least one drip irrigation hole is opened at equal intervals on the lower end face of the second water guide pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the cultivation component has a detachable cultivation trough inside, the cultivation trough has a hole at the center of the bottom, the hole has an array of water filter holes around its outer periphery, and the cultivation trough has an absorbent sponge at its upper end.

[0013] Preferably, the atomizing spray irrigation assembly further includes a second sealing cover, which is fixedly installed at one end of the water guide pipe and abuts against the inner wall of the box. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four corners of the fixing plate, and the lower end is telescopically installed on the inner wall of the box.

[0014] Preferably, the small water pump assembly includes a small water pump body fixedly embedded inside the filter screen and the second filter plate. The top of the small water pump body is connected to a water outlet pipe, the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected to a liquid storage pipe, and the bottom of the small water pump body is equipped with a water inlet pipe. The first filter plate is detachably installed inside the water inlet pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the filter screen is located above the second filter plate, the pore size of the filter screen is larger than the pore size of the second filter plate, the pore size of the second filter plate is larger than the pore size of the first filter plate, the first water guide pipe is detachably equipped with a third sealing cap at both ends, and the water inlet pipe is connected to an external water pump and is equipped with a flow regulating valve.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. High efficiency in water saving and recycling of nutrient solution: By combining atomized sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation in synergy with a three-stage filtration system (filter screen → second filter plate → first filter plate), a closed-loop recycling of nutrient solution is achieved, improving water saving rate and reducing nutrient solution waste.

[0018] 2. Mechanized harvesting and damage prevention design: The cultivation mechanism is lifted with one click using an electric telescopic rod, and the detachable cultivation trough allows for quick harvesting of tubers by separating the water-absorbing sponge. This eliminates the need to disassemble the equipment structure, reduces friction on the tuber skin, and enables rapid harvesting, solving the problems of low harvesting efficiency and high damage rate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This utility model provides a three-dimensional view of the main structure of an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation.

[0020] Figure 2 This utility model provides a three-dimensional view of the unfolded structure of an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation.

[0021] Figure 3 This utility model provides a three-dimensional view of the cultivation mechanism in an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation;

[0022] Figure 4 This utility model provides a three-dimensional view of the internal structure of an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation.

[0023] Figure 5 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the water pump component in an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation is provided for this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This invention presents a three-dimensional structural diagram of a drip irrigation component in an intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation.

[0025] Legend: 1. Box body; 2. Cultivation mechanism; 21. Fixing plate; 22. Cultivation component; 221. Cultivation trough; 222. Hole; 223. Filter hole; 224. Absorbent sponge; 23. Filter trough; 3. U-shaped bracket; 4. Atomizing irrigation component; 41. Liquid replenishment pipe; 42. Liquid storage pipe; 43. First sealing cover; 44. Water guide pipe; 45. Connecting water guide pipe; 46. Atomizing sprayer; 47. Second sealing cover; 5. Electric lifting rod; 6. Small water pump component; 61. Small water pump body; 62. Water outlet pipe; 63. Water inlet pipe; 64. First filter plate; 7. Filter screen; 8. Second filter plate; 9. Drip irrigation component; 91. First water guide pipe; 92. Water inlet pipe; 93. Third sealing cover; 94. Second water guide pipe; 95. Drip irrigation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a soilless potato cultivation intelligent water-saving control device includes a box 1, a cultivation mechanism 2 installed at the upper end of the box 1, U-shaped brackets 3 symmetrically installed on both sides of the top of the cultivation mechanism 2, a drip irrigation component 9 installed on the top of the U-shaped brackets 3, an atomizing irrigation component 4 installed inside the box 1, a small water pump component 6, a filter screen 7, and a second filter plate 8 are provided below the atomizing irrigation component 4, and electric telescopic rods 5 are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the cultivation mechanism 2.

[0029] It should be noted that the box 1 is made of corrosion-resistant PP material, and the interior is divided into an upper cultivation area and a lower liquid storage and filtration area; the height of the cultivation area is adjustable to adapt to the root depth requirements of potatoes at different growth stages.

[0030] Please see Figure 3 As shown, the cultivation mechanism 2 includes a fixing plate 21, which covers the upper port of the box body 1. Multiple cultivation components 22 and water filter troughs 23 are evenly arranged inside the fixing plate 21. A cultivation trough 221 is detachably installed inside the cultivation component 22. A hole 222 is opened at the center of the bottom of the cultivation trough 221. Water filter holes 223 are arranged in an array around the hole 222. A water-absorbing sponge 224 is provided at the upper port of the cultivation trough 221.

[0031] It should be specifically noted that the cultivation trough 221 is made of detachable PP material, with a hole 222 in the center of the bottom to fix the potato tubers and prevent displacement. Multiple water filter holes 223 are arranged in a ring around the hole 222 to ensure that excess nutrient solution is quickly drained and to prevent water accumulation and root rot. The water-absorbing sponge 224 is made of hydrophilic polyurethane foam with a thickness of 2cm. It covers the upper end of the cultivation trough 221 and delivers water evenly to the roots through capillary action, while blocking light to prevent the tuber skin from turning green.

[0032] Please see Figure 4As shown, the atomizing spray irrigation assembly 4 includes a replenishment pipe 41 that penetrates the housing 1. The end of the replenishment pipe 41 is connected to a storage pipe 42. The two ends of the storage pipe 42 are detachably fitted with first sealing caps 43, and the right side of the storage pipe 42 is connected to multiple parallel water guide pipes 44. The top of the water guide pipes 44 is connected to an atomizing sprayer 46 via a connecting pipe. The atomizing spray irrigation assembly 4 also includes a second sealing cap 47, which is fixedly installed at one end of the water guide pipe 44 and abuts against the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0033] It should be noted that the first sealing caps 43 at both ends of the liquid storage tube 42 are locked with silicone gaskets and threads, enabling quick disassembly and assembly, and facilitating the cleaning of sediment on the inner wall.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the drip irrigation assembly 9 includes two first water guide pipes 91 symmetrically installed at both ends of the U-shaped bracket 3. The outer side of the first water guide pipe 91 is connected to a water inlet pipe 92. A plurality of parallel second water guide pipes 94 are connected between the two first water guide pipes 91. At least 5 drip irrigation holes 95 are opened at equal intervals on the lower end face of the second water guide pipe 94. The two ends of the first water guide pipe 91 are detachably installed with third sealing caps 93. The water inlet pipe 92 is connected to an external water pump and is equipped with a flow regulating valve.

[0035] It should be noted that the water inlet pipe 92 is connected to an external water pump via a quick-connect fitting, and a flow regulating valve is installed at the inlet to adapt to the water requirements of different growth stages.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the electric telescopic rod 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four corners of the fixed plate 21, and the lower end is telescopically installed on the inner wall of the box 1.

[0037] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the small water pump assembly 6 includes a small water pump body 61 fixedly embedded inside the filter screen 7 and the second filter plate 8. The top end of the small water pump body 61 is connected to a water outlet pipe 62, and the other end of the water outlet pipe 62 is connected to a liquid storage pipe 42. The bottom end of the small water pump body 61 is equipped with a water inlet pipe 63. The first filter plate 64 is detachably installed inside the water inlet pipe 63. The filter screen 7 is located above the second filter plate 8. The pore size of the filter screen 7 is larger than the pore size of the second filter plate 8, and the pore size of the second filter plate 8 is larger than the pore size of the first filter plate 64.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-6 As shown, the working principle of the entire device in actual use is as follows:

[0039] Step 1: Equipment Start-up and Nutrient Solution Supply Stage: External nutrient solution is injected into the storage pipe 42 through the replenishment pipe 41, and then transported to the connecting water pipe 45 through the water guide pipe 44. Finally, the nutrient solution is atomized and sprayed onto the potato root area in the cultivation trough 221 by the atomizing sprayer 46, forming a uniform and moist environment to promote root absorption. At the same time, the external water pump delivers nutrient solution to the first water guide pipe 91 through the water inlet pipe 92, and then precisely drips it onto the upper end of the cultivation mechanism 2 through the drip irrigation hole 95 of the second water guide pipe 94. The drip irrigation rate is adjusted by the flow regulating valve to avoid water accumulation.

[0040] Step 2, Root Absorption and Waste Liquid Recycling Stage: Unabsorbed nutrient solution flows into the box 1 through the filter holes 223 and filter trough 23 at the bottom of the cultivation trough 221. Large particles of impurities are then intercepted by the filter screen 7, and further filtered by the second filter plate 8 before finally entering the bottom of the box 1 for temporary storage. The water-absorbing sponge 224 evenly delivers water to the roots through capillary action to prevent the roots from soaking and rotting.

[0041] Step 3: Waste Liquid Filtration and Recycling: The small water pump body 61 draws waste liquid from the bottom of the tank 1 through the inlet pipe 63. After fine filtration by the first filter plate 64, it is transported back to the storage pipe 42 for recycling through the outlet pipe 62. Filter screen 7 → second filter plate 8 → first filter plate 64, intercepting impurities step by step to avoid pipe blockage;

[0042] Step 4, Harvesting Stage Operation: After the tubers mature, the electric telescopic rod 5 lifts the entire cultivation mechanism 2, and the cultivation trough 221 can be removed manually. The tubers can be harvested quickly by separating the water-absorbing sponge 224 without disassembling the equipment structure. The inner wall of the cultivation trough 221 is made of smooth food-grade PP material to reduce friction on the tuber skin.

[0043] In summary, compared with existing technologies, this utility model features high-efficiency water saving and nutrient solution recycling. By combining atomized spray irrigation and drip irrigation in synergy with a three-stage filtration system, following the path of filter screen 7 → second filter plate 8 → first filter plate 64, it achieves closed-loop recycling of nutrient solution, improving water saving rate and reducing nutrient solution waste. Furthermore, it adopts mechanized harvesting and damage prevention design. By using an electric telescopic rod 5 to lift the cultivation mechanism 2 with one click, and in conjunction with the detachable cultivation trough 221, it can achieve the technical purpose of separating the water-absorbing sponge 224 and quickly harvesting the tubers. The entire equipment structure does not need to be disassembled, reducing tuber skin friction and enabling rapid potato harvesting, thus solving the problems of low harvesting efficiency and high damage rate in existing general equipment.

[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model without departing from the technical solution of this utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A smart water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The upper end of the box (1) is equipped with a cultivation mechanism (2), and U-shaped brackets (3) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the top of the cultivation mechanism (2). A drip irrigation assembly (9) is installed on the top of the U-shaped brackets (3). An atomizing spray irrigation assembly (4) is installed inside the box (1). A small water pump assembly (6), a filter screen (7), and a second filter plate (8) are provided below the atomizing spray irrigation assembly (4). Electric telescopic rods (5) are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the cultivation mechanism (2). The cultivation mechanism (2) includes a fixing plate (21). The fixing plate (21) covers the upper port of the box (1), and multiple cultivation components (22) and water filter tanks (23) are evenly arranged inside it; the atomizing irrigation component (4) includes a liquid replenishment pipe (41) that penetrates the box (1), and the end of the liquid replenishment pipe (41) is connected to a liquid storage pipe (42). The two ends of the liquid storage pipe (42) are detachably equipped with a first sealing cap (43), and multiple parallel water guide pipes (44) are connected to its right side. The top of the water guide pipe (44) is connected to an atomizing sprayer (46) through a connecting pipe. The drip irrigation assembly (9) includes two first water guide pipes (91) symmetrically installed at both ends of the U-shaped bracket (3). The first water guide pipe (91) is connected to an inlet pipe on its outer side. A plurality of parallel second water guide pipes (94) are connected between the two first water guide pipes (91). At least 5 drip irrigation holes (95) are opened at equal intervals on the lower end face of the second water guide pipe (94).

2. The intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation component (22) has a detachable cultivation trough (221) inside. The cultivation trough (221) has a hole (222) at the center of its bottom. The hole (222) has a water filter hole (223) arranged in an array around its outer periphery. The cultivation trough (221) has an absorbent sponge (224) at its upper port.

3. The intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atomizing spray irrigation assembly (4) also includes a second sealing cover (47), which is fixedly installed at one end of the water guide pipe (44) and abuts against the inner wall of the box body (1).

4. The intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the electric telescopic rod (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four corners of the fixed plate (21), and the lower end is telescopically installed on the inner wall of the box (1).

5. The intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small water pump assembly (6) includes a small water pump body (61) fixedly embedded inside the filter screen (7) and the second filter plate (8). The top end of the small water pump body (61) is connected to a water outlet pipe (62), and the other end of the water outlet pipe (62) is connected to a liquid storage pipe (42). The bottom end of the small water pump body (61) is equipped with a water inlet pipe (63), and the first filter plate (64) is detachably installed inside the water inlet pipe (63).

6. The intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen (7) is located above the second filter plate (8), and the aperture of the filter screen (7) is larger than the aperture of the second filter plate (8), which is larger than the aperture of the first filter plate (64).

7. The intelligent water-saving control device for soilless potato cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first water pipe (91) has a third sealing cap (93) that can be detachably installed at both ends. The water inlet pipe is connected to an external water pump and is equipped with a flow regulating valve.

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