Tubular evaporator
By employing hollow conical and cylindrical structures and designing distribution vortex cores and spiral guide cores in the shell-and-tube evaporator, the problems of slow liquid flow rate and unutilized secondary steam kinetic energy are solved, achieving more efficient heat exchange and reducing scaling, thus improving equipment stability and hygiene.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 扬州福尔喜果蔬汁机械有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
In existing shell-and-tube evaporators, the initial liquid flow rate is slow, and the kinetic energy of the secondary steam generated by flash evaporation after the liquid material enters the evaporation chamber is not utilized, which makes it easy for scale to form in the distributor part of the evaporation chamber, reducing the sanitary environment of the equipment and increasing the frequency of maintenance.
A shell-and-tube evaporator was designed, which uses an upper spray chamber with a hollow conical structure and heat exchange tubes with a hollow cylindrical structure. Combined with a distribution vortex core and a spiral guide core, centrifugal force is used to increase the liquid flow rate and secondary steam velocity, promote the circumferential movement of the vapor-liquid mixture along the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, and enhance the heat exchange effect.
It improves the film-forming efficiency, uniformity, and secondary steam velocity of liquid materials on the inner wall of heat exchange tubes, reduces scaling, improves the hygienic environment of the equipment, and reduces the frequency of maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224270151U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of evaporator technology, specifically to a shell-and-tube evaporator. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of evaporator technology, the performance of shell-and-tube evaporators is crucial to the evaporation and concentration of liquid materials. Existing shell-and-tube evaporators have significant drawbacks: Current evaporation chamber distributors use a distribution tray for liquid distribution. The liquid falls onto the tray, which has a surrounding plate, and maintains a certain liquid level. Utilizing the static pressure generated by the liquid level, the liquid flows through small holes in the distribution tray towards the tube sheet. These holes are positioned to avoid the inlet of the heat exchange tubes, and the liquid overflows from the tube sheet towards the inlet of the heat exchange tubes. Existing evaporation chamber distributors also incorporate umbrella-shaped structures at the inlet of the heat exchange tubes, preventing the liquid from falling directly from the tube opening to the outlet; instead, the liquid overflows from the tube sheet towards the tube opening. Both of these existing liquid distribution devices result in slow initial liquid flow rates, meaning the kinetic energy of the large amount of secondary steam generated by flash evaporation after the liquid material enters the evaporation chamber is not utilized. The slow liquid flow rate also leads to scaling in the distributor area of the evaporation chamber, reducing the sanitary environment of the equipment and increasing the frequency of maintenance. Utility Model Content
[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, a shell-and-tube evaporator is provided to solve the problems of slow initial liquid flow rate in existing evaporators, unutilized kinetic energy of large amounts of secondary steam generated by flash evaporation after liquid material enters the evaporation chamber, slow liquid flow rate leading to easy scaling in the distributor area of the evaporation chamber, reduced equipment hygiene environment, and high equipment maintenance frequency.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a shell-and-tube evaporator is provided, comprising an outer cylinder, an upper spray chamber at the upper part of the outer cylinder, and a lower cavity at the lower part of the outer cylinder. An evaporation chamber is provided between the upper spray chamber and the heat exchange tubes, and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes are fitted inside the evaporation chamber. The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively fitted into a set of positioning clips, with the upper end of the heat exchange tubes opening into the upper spray chamber and the lower end of the heat exchange tubes opening into the lower cavity. An inlet is provided at the upper end of the heat exchange tubes, and a distribution vortex core is installed at the upper port of the inlet, with a spiral guide core engaged below the distribution vortex core. A middle fixing sleeve is fitted in the middle of the outer cylinder, and an outer pipe port is provided in the middle of the front side of the middle fixing sleeve.
[0005] Furthermore, the upper spray chamber adopts a hollow conical structure, and a nozzle is provided at the upper end of the upper spray chamber.
[0006] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube adopts a hollow cylindrical structure, and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes are fixed with an outer middle ring.
[0007] Furthermore, the lower part of the distribution core is provided with a slot, and the upper end of the spiral guide core is fitted into the slot, and the spiral guide core and the distribution core are detachably connected.
[0008] Furthermore, a disk is provided at the bottom of the spiral guide core, and both the spiral guide core and the disk are located in the upper part of the heat exchange tube, and neither the spiral guide core nor the heat exchange tube is in contact with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube.
[0009] Furthermore, a base is provided at the bottom end of the outer cylinder, and a support frame is provided on the lower end surface of the base.
[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0011] 1. In this utility model, after the material is preheated, it enters the upper nozzle and is sprayed into the evaporation chamber. Since the evaporation chamber always maintains a certain vacuum pressure value, the material is immediately in a flash evaporation state after entering the evaporation chamber. The secondary steam and liquid material generated by flash evaporation form a mixed state.
[0012] 2. In this utility model, multiple sets of heat exchange tubes are fixed inside the outer cylinder and within multiple sets of middle ring sleeves, making the heat exchange tubes safe and stable to install, not easy to shake during use, and stable and reliable in use.
[0013] 3. In this invention, the vapor-liquid mixed material enters the inlet of the upper heat exchange tube. The distribution vortex core and spiral guide core at the inlet guide the vapor-liquid mixed material, which is in linear motion, into a circular motion. The material in this circular motion is subjected to centrifugal force, causing the vapor-liquid mixed material to collide with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, and the liquid portion of the material moves downwards along the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. Furthermore, the spiral guide core can be 3-blade, 4-blade, or 5-blade, with a spiral angle of 30°~60°.
[0014] 4. In this utility model, the secondary steam passes through the gap between the rotating guide core and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. Since the cross-sectional area through which the secondary steam can pass is reduced, the speed of the secondary steam increases. The high-speed secondary steam then pushes the liquid material along the inner wall of the heat exchange tube to move downward at a faster speed. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution spinner installed on the upper sleeve plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation effect between the distribution spinner and the rotating guide plate in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the installation between the distribution spin core and the rotation guide plate in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] In the diagram: 1. Outer cylinder; 10. Nozzle; 11. Upper spray chamber; 12. Heat exchange tube; 13. Evaporation chamber; 14. Lower chamber; 15. Distribution vortex core; 16. Positioning card; 17. Spiral guide core; 18. Middle ring sleeve; 19. Base; 100. Support frame; 101. Slot; 102. Disc; 103. Inlet; 2. Middle fixed sleeve; 20. Outer pipe port. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model provides a shell-and-tube evaporator, including an outer cylinder 1, an upper spray chamber 11 at the upper part of the outer cylinder 1, and a lower cavity 14 at the lower part of the outer cylinder 1. An evaporation chamber 13 is provided between the upper spray chamber 11 and the heat exchange tubes 12, and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes 12 are sleeved in the evaporation chamber 13. The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes 12 are respectively sleeved in a set of positioning clips 16. The upper end of the heat exchange tubes 12 opens into the upper spray chamber 11, and the lower end of the heat exchange tubes 12 opens into the lower cavity 14. A middle fixing sleeve 2 is sleeved in the middle of the outer cylinder 1, and an outer pipe port 20 is provided in the middle of the front side of the middle fixing sleeve 2.
[0023] In this embodiment, the upper spray cavity 11 adopts a hollow conical structure, and a nozzle 10 is provided at the upper end of the upper spray cavity 11.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, after the material is preheated, it enters the upper nozzle and is sprayed into the evaporation chamber. Since the evaporation chamber always maintains a certain vacuum pressure value, the material is immediately in a flash evaporation state after entering the evaporation chamber, and the flash-evaporated secondary steam and liquid material form a mixed state.
[0025] In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 12 adopts a hollow cylindrical structure, and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes 12 are fixed with an outer ring 18.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment, multiple sets of heat exchange tubes 12 inside the outer cylinder 1 of this utility model are fixed inside multiple sets of middle rings 18, so that the heat exchange tubes 12 are installed safely and stably, are not easy to shake during use, and are stable and reliable in use.
[0027] In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 12 is provided with an inlet 103 at its upper end, and a distribution swirl core 15 is installed at the upper port of the inlet 103, and a spiral guide core 17 is engaged below the distribution swirl core 15; a slot 101 is provided at the lower part of the distribution swirl core 15, and the upper end of the spiral guide core 17 is embedded in the slot 101, and the spiral guide core 17 and the distribution swirl core 15 are detachably connected.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the vapor-liquid mixture of the material enters the inlet of the upper heat exchange tube. The distribution core 15 and the spiral guide core 17 at the inlet guide the vapor-liquid mixture, which is in linear motion, into a circular motion. The material in this circular motion is subjected to centrifugal force, causing it to collide with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, and the liquid portion moves downwards along the inner wall. Furthermore, the spiral guide core 17 can be 3-piece, 4-piece, or 5-piece, with a spiral angle of 30° to 60°.
[0029] In this embodiment, a disk 102 is provided at the bottom of the spiral guide core 17, and both the spiral guide core 17 and the disk 102 are located in the upper part of the heat exchange tube 12. Neither the spiral guide core 17 nor the heat exchange tube 12 is in contact with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 12.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment, in this invention, the secondary steam passes through the gap between the rotating guide core and the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. As the cross-sectional area through which the secondary steam can pass is reduced, the speed of the secondary steam increases. The high-speed secondary steam then pushes the liquid material along the inner wall of the heat exchange tube to move downward at an accelerated speed.
[0031] This invention effectively solves the problems of slow initial liquid flow rate in existing evaporators, where the kinetic energy of the large amount of secondary steam generated by flash evaporation after the liquid material enters the evaporation chamber is not utilized, and the slow liquid flow rate leads to scaling in the distributor area of the evaporation chamber, reducing the sanitary environment of the equipment and requiring frequent maintenance. This invention improves the efficiency of the material forming a film on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, resulting in a more uniform film formation. Furthermore, the increased speed of the secondary steam further increases the initial downward movement speed of the liquid material, making it more efficient and practical.
[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A shell-and-tube evaporator, characterized in that: The system includes an outer cylinder (1), an upper spray chamber (11) at the top of the outer cylinder (1), and a lower cavity (14) at the bottom of the outer cylinder (1). An evaporation chamber (13) is provided between the upper spray chamber (11) and the heat exchange tubes (12), and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes (12) are fitted inside the evaporation chamber (13). The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes (12) are respectively fitted in a set of positioning clips (16), and the upper end of the heat exchange tubes (12) leads to... The upper spray chamber (11) is located inside the lower cavity (14), and the lower end of the heat exchange tube (12) is connected to the lower cavity (14). The upper end of the heat exchange tube (12) is provided with an inlet (103), and the upper port of the inlet (103) is equipped with a distribution swirl core (15), and the distribution swirl core (15) is engaged with a spiral guide core (17). The middle part of the outer cylinder (1) is fitted with a middle fixing sleeve (2), and the middle front side of the middle fixing sleeve (2) is provided with an outer pipe port (20).
2. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper spray chamber (11) adopts a hollow conical structure, and a nozzle (10) is provided at the upper end of the upper spray chamber (11).
3. A shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange tube (12) adopts a hollow cylindrical structure, and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes (12) are fixed with a middle ring sleeve (18).
4. A shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the distribution spin core (15) is provided with a slot (101), and the upper end of the spiral guide core (17) is fitted into the slot (101), and the spiral guide core (17) and the distribution spin core (15) are connected separately.
5. A shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the spiral guide core (17) is provided with a disk (102), and both the spiral guide core (17) and the disk (102) are located in the upper part of the heat exchange tube (12), and neither the spiral guide core (17) nor the heat exchange tube (12) are in contact with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube (12).
6. A shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the outer cylinder (1) is provided with a base (19), and the lower end face of the base (19) is provided with a support frame (100).