A composite ceramic taphole for quick-change blast furnace taphole

Abstract

This utility model discloses a quick-change composite ceramic nozzle for blast furnace tapholes, belonging to the technical field of blast furnace refractory materials. It includes a ceramic nozzle and a protective plate. One side of the protective plate has an arc-shaped surface, and its dimensions are adapted to the blast furnace taphole frame. The ceramic nozzle is a pre-fabricated and fired ceramic-bonded refractory product, with a central hole and an inlay groove on the outside. During the production of the protective plate, the ceramic nozzle is fixed to a suitable position on the mold base plate using a core column inside the mold. After injecting the protective plate casting material, it is vibrated to form an integrated, inlaid, integral protective plate structure. The matrix material of the protective plate includes corundum, silicon carbide, mullite, glass phase, steel fiber, and binder. The main components of the ceramic nozzle include corundum, silicon carbide, mullite, and rare earth compound phases. The integral nozzle composite, after forming and high-temperature baking, allows for rapid dismantling and repair of the blast furnace taphole, making taphole repair safer and faster without affecting the pace of ironmaking production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of refractory materials for blast furnace tapholes, specifically a composite ceramic taphole for quick-change blast furnace tapholes. Background Technology

[0002] The blast furnace is one of the key pieces of equipment in the steel plant's production process, and its operational status is crucial to the smooth operation of production and the stable and reliable quality of products. The stability of the blast furnace taphole's operation has a decisive impact on the smooth operation of blast furnace production. The blast furnace taphole is an outlet at the bottom of the blast furnace through which molten iron is discharged; this is the final iron product from the blast furnace.

[0003] Taphole clay is composed of aggregates, fine powder, binders, and additives. After firing, it forms a carbon bond and is a refractory plastic specifically designed to clog the blast furnace taphole. The blast furnace taphole frame refers to the outer frame plate installed outside the blast furnace taphole. Refer to existing technology CN202421277700.0: A novel taphole structure for blast furnaces.

[0004] The scouring and erosion of molten iron and slag, the impact of external forces such as tapping machines and mud guns, the stress caused by rapid temperature changes during tapping and plugging, the scouring of high-temperature gas flow and the penetration of sulfur-containing impurities, all lead to later-stage blockage of the tapping hole, chemical corrosion of molten slag, etc., making the tapping hole extremely easy to be damaged and enlarged. In mild cases, mud leakage or increased mud removal may occur, while in severe cases, molten iron may leak out, affecting safe production.

[0005] Therefore, the condition of the taphole bricks has a significant impact on the normal production of the ironworks. When the taphole bricks are damaged, they must be cleaned and repaired. Currently, the main repair method is to remove the refractory material from the mud sleeve, clean it, and then repair it on-site using refractory castable or ramming mix. The entire process of removal, construction, and maintenance takes 18 to 24 hours, and is labor-intensive and involves a harsh working environment. The refractory castable used in this repair uses water as a bonding carrier, and if it is not completely dry, it may cause explosions and other safety accidents once tapping begins.

[0006] To address these issues, a quick-change composite ceramic taphole for blast furnaces is provided. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a quick-change composite ceramic taphole for blast furnace tapholes to solve the technical problem of lacking high-load-bearing taphole clay and refractory materials for tapholes, so as to achieve rapid replacement of the iron blocks and bricks that need to be replaced.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A composite ceramic nozzle for a quick-change blast furnace taphole includes a ceramic nozzle and a protective plate; one side of the protective plate is provided with an arc-shaped surface, and the ceramic nozzle is embedded in the protective plate; the outer dimensions of the protective plate are adapted to the blast furnace taphole frame.

[0010] The ceramic sprue has a central hole and an inlay groove on the outside.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the main materials of the protective plate include corundum, silicon carbide, mullite, glass phase, steel fiber and binder; the protective plate material adopts low cement corundum-silicon carbide-steel fiber refractory castable, with 3 to 10% andalusite added, so that the protective plate refractory castable has micro-expansion properties when used at high temperature.

[0012] The main components of the final material:

[0013] 1) The corundum phase (α-Al2O3) is stably retained at high temperatures, forming the skeleton of the material and providing high strength, wear resistance and high temperature stability.

[0014] 2) Silicon carbide phase (SiC), high-purity silicon carbide particles. It is dispersed inside the castable, and some surfaces may be oxidized to SiO2, but the core SiC is retained, which significantly improves wear resistance, thermal conductivity and thermal shock resistance.

[0015] 3) Mullite phase (3Al2O3·2SiO2), which is formed by the decomposition of andalusite: andalusite (Al2SiO5) is decomposed into mullite and free SiO2 (glass phase) at high temperature (above 1300℃).

[0016] The reaction between cement and micro-powder: In low-cement systems, active Al2O3 and SiO2 micro-powder react to form secondary mullite. Key to micro-expansion: The decomposition of andalusite is accompanied by a 3-5% volume expansion, which counteracts the material's high-temperature shrinkage and reduces cracking.

[0017] 4) Stainless steel fibers significantly improve product toughness, resist mechanical stress and thermal shock stability, and enhance wear resistance.

[0018] 5) Low cement-bound phase (calcium aluminate): calcium hexaaluminate is formed by high-temperature dehydration of calcium aluminate cement (such as CA, CA2), which provides medium-temperature strength. It gradually mutates at high temperature, resulting in good overall integrity and high strength of the product.

[0019] The main raw materials of the ceramic sprue include fused white corundum, high-purity silicon carbide, etc., with the addition of aluminum powder, silicon powder and rare earth catalyst, and are ceramic composite products fired at a high temperature of over 1500℃.

[0020] The ceramic gate material is composed of high-strength, high-hardness, and high-melting-point corundum and silicon carbide, as well as a Sialon multiphase structure synthesized in situ by nitriding sintering, which endows the ceramic gate with the excellent high-temperature strength, wear resistance, erosion resistance and thermal shock resistance required.

[0021] In a further technical solution, the inlay groove is configured as an annular shape and extends from the bottom to the top of the ceramic sprue.

[0022] In a further technical solution, the inlay grooves are provided in multiple sets and arranged along the axial direction of the central hole, and the multiple sets of inlay grooves are arranged in parallel; the inlay grooves are intermittently distributed grooves.

[0023] In a further technical solution, the ceramic sprue is either square or cylindrical. The square sprue has lateral corners at its four corners, with rounded transitions at these corners; each lateral corner has an inlay groove; 3 to 8 sets of these inlay grooves are provided, with each set evenly distributed circumferentially along the central hole axis at the lateral corners of the ceramic sprue. The cylindrical ceramic sprue also has 3 to 8 sets of inlay grooves, each set arranged circumferentially along the central hole axis; each set of inlay grooves is evenly distributed at the lateral corners of the ceramic sprue.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages:

[0025] This utility model features a ceramic taphole with a central hole, serving as the inlet and outlet channel for molten iron and taphole clay. An annular groove on its exterior ensures a secure bond with the external protective plate. This utility model boasts a simple structure, easy construction, safe operation, reduced taphole clay sleeve maintenance time, and improved safety during tapping operations.

[0026] This invention, through the setting of the casting materials for the ceramic sprue and the protective plate, enables the finished composite sprue to possess high-temperature strength, wear resistance, erosion resistance, and thermal shock resistance. Furthermore, the protective plate material uses low-cement corundum-silicon carbide-steel fiber refractory castable, with the addition of 3-10% andalusite, giving the protective plate refractory castable a micro-expansion property at high temperatures during use, effectively bonding it to the outer edge of the ceramic sprue.

[0027] The ceramic sprue is designed with intermittent inlay grooves. Because the protective plate and the ceramic sprue are in contact or obstructed in multiple directions in the middle of the four sides of the inlay, it can prevent rotation.

[0028] The molding die of this invention has a simple structure and a simple manufacturing process, and can be used for mass production of composite sprues. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the composite water inlet of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the composite sprue structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the blast furnace taphole frame on the blast furnace according to this utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ceramic water inlet according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a top view of the ceramic sprue of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 5 AA section diagram;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another ceramic sprue structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view along the inlay groove;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another ceramic sprue structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A cross-sectional view along the inlay groove;

[0039] Figure 11 The molding die structure for the composite sprue of this utility model Figure 1 (Uncast protective plate material);

[0040] Figure 12 The molding die structure for the composite sprue of this utility model Figure 1 (The protective plate material has already been poured);

[0041] In the picture:

[0042] 1. Ceramic sprue; 11. Center hole; 12. Inlay groove; 13. Rounded transition; 2. Protective plate; 21. Curved surface;

[0043] 3. Mold base plate; 4. Template; 5. Core column; 6. Fixing ear plate. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Please see Figure 1-6 As shown in Figures 11 and 12, this utility model provides a technical solution. A quick-change composite ceramic nozzle for a blast furnace taphole includes a ceramic nozzle 1 and a protective plate 2; one side of the protective plate 2 is provided with an arc-shaped surface 21, and the ceramic nozzle 1 is fixedly installed inside the protective plate 2; the outer dimensions of the protective plate 2 are adapted to the blast furnace taphole frame; the position of the blast furnace taphole frame is as shown in Figure 11. Figure 3 As shown, it is approximately in the lower half of the blast furnace, as detailed in existing technology.

[0047] The ceramic sprue 1 has a central hole 11 inside and an inlay groove 12 on the outside.

[0048] The finished materials of the protective plate 2 include corundum, silicon carbide, mullite, glass phase and steel fiber oxide;

[0049] The finished material of the ceramic sprue 1 includes corundum, silicon carbide, mullite and rare earth compound phases.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the inlay groove 12 is spiral-shaped and extends spirally from the bottom to the top of the ceramic sprue 1. The cross-section of the inlay groove 12 has a wavy shape with concave and convex surfaces, as shown... Figure 6 As shown.

[0051] Two to eight longitudinal tie rods are provided between the outer concave and convex rings, such as... Figure 6 The convex portion of the cross-section has a tie rod width of 20-60mm, which further improves the integrity of the ceramic molten iron nozzle and its interlocking with the external castable, thereby enhancing the stability of the overall structure.

[0052] like Figure 11 and 12 As shown, this is another embodiment of the present invention. Based on embodiment 1, it includes a molding mold for a quick-change composite ceramic taphole for a blast furnace, including a mold base plate 3. A template 4 is installed on the mold base plate 3, and the shape of the template 4 is adapted to the shape of the protective plate 2.

[0053] A core column 5 is installed inside the template 4, and the bottom of the core column 5 is fixedly connected to the mold base plate 3; a ceramic sprue 1 is sleeved on the outside of the core column 5, and the outer diameter of the core column 5 is matched with the inner diameter of the center hole 11.

[0054] The template 4 is provided with a fixing ear plate 6 on its outer side, and the fixing ear plate 6 is connected to the mold base plate 3 by positioning bolts; the template 4 is provided with fixing ear plates 6 on all sides.

[0055] How to use:

[0056] 1) First, pour ceramic sprues onto the outside of the molding mold, and remove it after molding;

[0057] 2) Based on the relative positions of the iron gate frame and the iron outlet, set the core pillar at the relative position on the bottom plate of the sprue mold, and the shape and size of the core pillar should match the size of the center hole set inside the ceramic sprue.

[0058] Lay a template on the base plate of the mold, and the inner dimensions of the template should match the outer dimensions of the protective plate.

[0059] 3) Insert the ceramic sprue into the core column, and inject the well-mixed, moderately visible castable into the cavity between the ceramic sprue and the outer mold of the visor plate. Vibrate to form the visor plate. Before the visor plate is formed, fix it on the bottom plate of the mold. Then insert the inner hole of the ceramic sprue into the core column. Pour the refractory castable into the pre-embedded iron sprue to protect the cavity between the ceramic sprue and the side mold. When the visor plate material is formed, it forms a tight interlocking bond with the ceramic sprue, making it a solid whole.

[0060] 4) The composite gate after casting needs to be kept at a constant temperature of 22-25℃ for 48-72 hours; then demolded and cured at room temperature, and then baked at a maximum temperature of 280-300℃ for 48 hours before it can be put into use.

[0061] The shape and size of the composite taphole nozzle can be designed and manufactured according to parameters such as the inner dimensions and depth of the blast furnace taphole frame. The pre-embedded ceramic taphole nozzle has a central hole, which serves as the inlet and outlet channel for molten iron and taphole clay. An annular groove is provided on its exterior to ensure a firm bond with the external protective plate material. This utility model has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and is safe to operate, shortening the taphole clay sleeve maintenance time and improving the safety of on-site tapping operations. The position of the pre-embedded ceramic taphole nozzle within the protective plate is determined by the relative position of the taphole and the taphole frame.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] like Figure 7 and 8As shown, another embodiment of this utility model is presented. Based on embodiment 1, the inlay grooves of the ceramic sprue are changed to a multi-group arrangement. Multiple groups of inlay grooves 12 are provided and arranged axially along the central hole 11, and the multiple groups of inlay grooves 12 are arranged in parallel; the inlay grooves 12 are intermittently distributed grooves.

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, the ceramic sprue 1 is a square column, and there are lateral corners at the four corners of the ceramic sprue 1. The lateral corners are set with arc transitions 13. An inlay groove 12 is provided at the lateral corner. There are 3 to 8 sets of inlay grooves 12, and each set is evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of the central hole 11 at the lateral corners on the four sides of the ceramic sprue 1.

[0065] Compared to the threaded shape in Embodiment 1, the inlay groove on the square column increases the processing difficulty, but under the same planar state of the inlay groove, such as Figure 8 As shown, the protective plate material and ceramic sprue in the middle direction on all four sides are not continuous and can be rotated, thus preventing displacement.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] like Figure 9 and 10 As shown, another embodiment of this utility model is presented. Based on embodiment 2, the square-shaped ceramic sprue is replaced with a cylindrical one. Three sets of inlay grooves 12 are provided, each set having grooves arranged circumferentially along the axis of the central hole 11. Each set of inlay grooves 12 is evenly distributed at the lateral corners of the four sides of the ceramic sprue 1. The protective plate and the ceramic sprue in the central direction of the four sides are not continuous and can rotate, thus preventing displacement. Compared to the square-shaped sprue in embodiment 2, the cylindrical ceramic sprue is easier to cast and mold, and the demolding process is simpler.

[0068] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

Claims

1. A quick-change combined ceramic nozzle for a blast furnace tap hole, characterized by, The utility model provides a kind of composite ceramic nozzle for quick-change blast furnace tapping hole, including ceramic nozzle (1) and apron (2);One side of the apron (2) is provided with arc surface (21), and the ceramic nozzle (1) is inlaid in apron (2);The outer dimension of the apron (2) is adapted to blast furnace tapping hole frame; The ceramic nozzle (1) is provided with a central hole (11) and an inlaid groove (12) on the outside.

2. The composite ceramic nozzle for quick-change blast furnace tapping hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the apron (2) include corundum, silicon carbide, mullite, glass phase, steel fiber and binder; The main components of the ceramic nozzle (1) include corundum, silicon carbide, mullite and rare earth compound phase.

3. The composite ceramic nozzle for quick-change blast furnace tap hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlaid groove (12) is an annular groove extending from the bottom to the top of the ceramic nozzle (1).

4. The composite ceramic nozzle for quick-change blast furnace tapping hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlaid grooves (12) are axially arranged, and multiple groups of inlaid grooves (12) are arranged in parallel; The inlaid grooves (12) are discontinuously distributed grooves.

5. The composite ceramic nozzle for quick-change blast furnace tap hole according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ceramic nozzle (1) is a square column; The ceramic nozzle (1) is provided with a lateral corner at each corner, and the lateral corner is provided with a circular arc transition (13); The inlaid groove (12) is arranged at the lateral corner; Each group of inlaid grooves (12) is uniformly distributed at the lateral corner of the four sides of the ceramic nozzle (1) along the axis of the central hole (11); 6. The composite ceramic nozzle for quick-change blast furnace tap hole according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ceramic nozzle (1) is a cylindrical type; The ceramic nozzle (1) is provided with 3-8 groups of inlaid grooves (12), and each group is arranged along the axis of the central hole (11); Each group of inlaid grooves (12) is uniformly distributed at the lateral corner of the four sides of the ceramic nozzle (1).

Images