A blowout prevention device for oil drilling

Abstract

This utility model discloses a blowout prevention device for oil drilling, relating to the field of oil drilling technology. It includes a housing and symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders. A piston shaft is located within each hydraulic cylinder, and a valve plate is located at one end of the piston shaft closest to the housing. The valve plate is connected to the piston shaft via a quick-release assembly. The quick-release assembly includes a quick-release mounting seat at the end of the piston shaft, a valve plate mounting block at the end of the valve plate, and a limiting block. The quick-release mounting seat has a limiting groove at at least one end in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate's movement direction. The valve plate mounting block has a locking block mounting groove for mounting the limiting block. The valve plate mounting block is inserted into the quick-release mounting seat so that the locking block mounting groove cooperates with the limiting groove to limit the limiting block and connect the valve plate mounting block and the quick-release mounting seat. The valve plate is connected to the piston shaft via the quick-release assembly. The quick-release assembly has a simple structure, thus making valve plate disassembly easy and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil drilling technology, and more specifically, to an oil drilling blowout prevention and control device. Background Technology

[0002] Oil drilling uses a drilling rig to provide drilling power, drive the drill bit to rotate, and break rocks under high pressure. The drill string continues to extend to form a cylindrical wellbore. Drilling fluid is injected into the bottom of the well through the borehole and carries rock cuttings back to the surface through the annulus, thus achieving continuous drilling.

[0003] During oil drilling, when the formation pressure is abnormal, the dynamic balance between the formation pressure and the well pressure is broken, which can cause fluid to break through the formation barrier and invade the wellbore. In this case, a gate blowout preventer is usually used to close the wellhead in an emergency to prevent a blowout.

[0004] Among them, the gate of the gate blowout preventer needs to be disassembled and replaced regularly. The disassembly process requires the use of various tools, which is cumbersome. In addition, the internal space of the blowout preventer is limited. When disassembling the valve plate, the disassembly tools are prone to collision with pipeline interfaces, which can cause the disassembly tools to get stuck or damaged. The disassembly is difficult and inefficient.

[0005] In summary, how to reduce the difficulty of disassembling blowout prevention devices and improve disassembly efficiency is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a blowout prevention device for oil drilling, wherein the valve plate is connected to the piston shaft through a quick-release assembly. The quick-release assembly has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble, and has high disassembly efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A blowout prevention device for oil drilling includes a housing and symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders. A piston shaft is located within each hydraulic cylinder. A valve plate is located at one end of the piston shaft closest to the housing. The valve plate is connected to the piston shaft via a quick-release assembly. The quick-release assembly includes a quick-release mounting seat at the end of the piston shaft, a valve plate mounting block at the end of the valve plate, and a limiting block. The quick-release mounting seat has a limiting groove at at least one end in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate's movement direction. The valve plate mounting block has a locking block mounting groove for mounting the limiting block. The valve plate mounting block is inserted into the quick-release mounting seat so that the locking block mounting groove cooperates with the limiting groove to limit the limiting block and connect the valve plate mounting block and the quick-release mounting seat.

[0009] Preferably, the quick-release mounting base includes a mounting base body and a mounting base cover plate. The mounting base body is provided with the limiting groove at both ends in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate movement direction. The mounting base body and the mounting base cover plate are connected by a quick-release connector, which is arranged along the normal direction of the valve plate.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting block includes a first block and a second block, both of which can slide relative to the limiting groove in a direction perpendicular to the valve plate's movement direction. An elastic element is provided between the first block and the second block, which is used to press the first block and the second block into the limiting groove.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting block includes a first locking block, a second locking block, and a pressing block. The pressing block is disposed between the first locking block and the second locking block. The pressing block can move along the movement direction of the valve plate, and an elastic element is provided between the first locking block and the second locking block.

[0012] When the clamping block is in the locked position, the first and second locking blocks are pressed into the limiting groove by the clamping block. When the clamping block is in the unlocked position, the clamping block disengages from the first and second locking blocks, and the elastic element drives the first and second locking blocks to move closer to each other so that both the first and second locking blocks disengage from the limiting groove.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping block includes a screw, which is rotatably mounted on the quick-release mounting base via a screw shaft. A rotating sleeve is threaded onto the external thread of the screw, and the rotating sleeve is located in an adjustment mounting groove between the end of the valve plate mounting block that is relatively far from the housing and the quick-release mounting base.

[0014] Preferably, the outer periphery of the rotating sleeve is provided with a plurality of pry blocks evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the maximum outer diameter of the rotating sleeve is smaller than the height of the quick-release mounting base.

[0015] Preferably, the housing is symmetrically provided with a first valve plate and a second valve plate, and a locking component is provided between the first valve plate and the second valve plate. The locking component is used to make the first valve plate and the second valve plate fit together and lock tightly to enhance the sealing effect.

[0016] Preferably, the first valve plate is provided with a first locking block, and the second valve plate is provided with a second locking block. One of the first locking block and the second locking block is rotatably connected to the corresponding valve plate via a rotating shaft, and a torsion spring is provided between the rotating shaft and the corresponding locking block.

[0017] One of the first locking block and the second locking block is provided with a limiting groove, and the other is provided with a limiting protrusion that engages with the groove.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting groove is provided with a first magnetic plate, and the limiting protrusion includes a second magnetic plate protruding from the locking block.

[0019] Preferably, sealing blocks are provided on both sides of the quick-release mounting base, and the sealing blocks are used to fit tightly against the inner wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0020] The oil drilling blowout prevention device provided by this utility model has a valve plate connected to the piston shaft via a quick-release assembly. By removing the limiting block in the mounting slot and the limiting slot, the valve plate mounting block can be removed from the quick-release mounting seat, thus separating the valve plate from the piston shaft. The disassembly is easy and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the blowout prevention device for oil drilling provided by this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a connection diagram of the quick-release components;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the locking assembly of the valve plate.

[0026] Figures 1-4 middle:

[0027] 10-Housing; 101-Channel; 20-Hydraulic cylinder; 201-Lower hydraulic cylinder body; 202-Upper hydraulic cylinder body; 3-Piston shaft; 31-Quick release mounting seat; 311-Limit groove; 312-Screw shaft; 313-Screw; 314-Rotating sleeve; 3141-Pulley block; 315-Sealing block; 316-Adjusting mounting groove; 4-Valve plate; 41-Valve plate mounting block; 411-Clamping block mounting groove; 412-Pressure mounting hole; 5-Limiting clamping block; 6-Elastic element; 7-Locking assembly; 71-First locking block; 711-Shaft; 712-Torsion spring; 713-Limiting groove; 714-First magnetic plate; 72-Second locking block; 721-Fixed shaft; 722-Second magnetic plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] The core of this utility model is to provide a blowout prevention device for oil drilling. The valve plate is connected to the piston shaft through a quick-release assembly. The quick-release assembly has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble, and has high disassembly efficiency.

[0030] This utility model provides a blowout prevention device for oil drilling, including a housing 10 and symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders 20. A piston shaft 3 is provided inside the hydraulic cylinder 20. A valve plate 4 is provided at one end of the piston shaft 3 that is relatively close to the housing 10. The valve plate 4 is connected to the piston shaft 3 through a quick-release assembly. The quick-release assembly includes a quick-release mounting seat 31 at the end of the piston shaft 3, a valve plate mounting block 41 at the end of the valve plate 4, and a limiting block 5. The quick-release mounting seat 31 has a limiting groove 311 at at least one end in the direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the valve plate. The valve plate mounting block 41 has a locking block mounting groove 411 for installing the limiting block 5. The valve plate mounting block 41 is inserted into the quick-release mounting seat 31 so that the locking block mounting groove 411 cooperates with the limiting groove 311 to limit the limiting block 5 and connect the valve plate mounting block 41 and the quick-release mounting seat 31.

[0031] Among them, the shell 10 is the main body of the blowout prevention device, and its interior is provided with a channel 101. The two ends of the channel 101 are usually connected to the wellhead casing head or drilling cross. Therefore, the inner wall surface of the shell 10 is preferably provided with an anti-erosion protective coating.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 Hydraulic cylinders 20 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the housing 10. The hydraulic cylinders 20 are connected to the housing 10. The housing 10 provides space and guidance for the movement of the valve plate 4. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 The hydraulic cylinder 20 typically includes a lower hydraulic cylinder body 201 that is relatively close to the housing 10 and an upper hydraulic cylinder body 202 that is relatively far from the housing 10, with the valve plate 4 slidably disposed within the lower hydraulic cylinder body 201.

[0033] When the wellhead pressure exceeds the drilling fluid column pressure, the control system controls the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 20 to store energy and pressurize, pushing the piston shaft 3 to move closer to the housing 10. The shearing blades of the valve plates 4 at both ends contact and cut the drill pipe. After the drill pipe is cut short, the valve plates 4 at both ends close and cover the wellhead, sealing the wellhead.

[0034] The specific materials, structures, shapes, and dimensions of the housing 10, hydraulic cylinder 20, piston shaft 3, and valve plate 4 are determined based on the design requirements in actual production and with reference to existing technologies, and will not be elaborated here.

[0035] After two to three uses, the valve plate 4 needs to be replaced. To facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the valve plate 4, the valve plate 4 is connected to the piston shaft 3 via a quick-release assembly. A valve plate mounting block 41 is provided at the end of the valve plate 4 furthest from the housing 10. The valve plate mounting block 41 has a locking block mounting groove 411 for installing the limiting locking block 5. The locking block mounting groove 411 extends through at least one surface of the valve plate mounting block 41 to facilitate the installation of the limiting locking block 5. For example, please refer to... Figure 4 The card block mounting groove 411 is disposed between the two opposite surfaces of the valve plate mounting plate 41;

[0036] The piston shaft 3 is provided with a quick-release mounting seat 31 at one end relative to the housing 10. At least one side of the quick-release mounting seat 31, i.e. at least one end in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate movement direction, is provided with a limiting groove 311. The extension direction of the limiting groove 311 is not limited, as long as the extension direction of the limiting groove 311 is not parallel to the valve plate movement direction.

[0037] After the valve plate mounting block 41 is inserted into the quick-release mounting seat 31, the locking mounting groove 411 of the valve plate mounting block 41 and the limiting groove 311 of the quick-release mounting seat 31 are connected. At this time, the limiting locking block 5 is locked in the locking mounting groove 411 and the limiting groove 311, which can effectively limit the limiting locking block 5 and connect the valve plate mounting block 41 and the quick-release mounting seat 31, thereby realizing the connection between the valve plate 4 and the piston shaft 3.

[0038] When valve plate 4 needs to be disassembled, the limiting block 5 is removed from the block mounting groove 411 and the limiting groove 311, and then the valve plate mounting block 41 is removed from the quick-release mounting seat 31, thereby separating valve plate 4 and piston shaft 3.

[0039] Preferably, the quick-release mounting base 31 is provided with sealing blocks 315 on both the left and right sides. The sealing blocks 315 are used to tightly fit against the inner wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder 20. The structure, shape, and size of the sealing blocks 315 are adapted to the structure, shape, and size of the inner wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder 20, for example... Figure 2 In the middle, the sealing block 315 abuts against the vertical inner wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder 20, so the sealing block 315 is set as a rectangular sealing block with a rectangular sealing surface.

[0040] In this embodiment, the valve plate 4 is connected to the piston shaft 3 via a quick-release assembly. By removing the limiting block 5 in the locking block mounting groove 411 and the limiting groove 311, the valve plate mounting block 41 can be removed from the quick-release mounting base 31, thus separating the valve plate 4 from the piston shaft 3. The disassembly is easy and efficient.

[0041] Based on the above embodiments, the structure of the quick-release assembly is further defined. The quick-release mounting base 31 can be configured to include a mounting base body and a mounting base cover plate. The mounting base body is provided with limiting grooves 311 at both ends in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate movement direction. The mounting base body and the mounting base cover plate are connected by quick-release connectors. The quick-release connectors are arranged along the normal direction of the valve plate. The quick-release connectors can be specifically configured as connecting screws, connecting pins, etc.

[0042] In this embodiment, the quick-release mounting base 31 is a split design. The limiting block 5 can be inserted into the block mounting groove 411 and the limiting groove 311 by removing the top cover of the mounting base, or the limiting block 5 can be removed, thereby completing the disassembly and assembly of the valve plate 4 and the piston shaft 3. The structure is simple and the disassembly and assembly are convenient.

[0043] Preferably, in order to use the limiting block 5 to make the valve plate mounting block 41 and the quick-release mounting seat 31 stably and reliably connected, the limiting block 5 can be provided to include a first block and a second block. Both the first block and the second block can slide relative to the limiting groove 311 in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate movement direction. An elastic element 6 is provided between the first block and the second block. The elastic element 6 is used to press the first block and the second block into the limiting groove 311.

[0044] The elastic element 6 can be specifically set as a spring, etc. The spring is in a pre-compressed state, so the elastic restoring force of the spring can be used to push the two end blocks away from each other, so that the first block and the second block are effectively pressed into the limiting grooves 311 on the left and right sides of the quick-release mounting base 31.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, to avoid the quick-release mounting base 31's split design affecting its sealing performance and thus causing problems such as the limit block 5 getting stuck due to contaminated hydraulic oil, the quick-release mounting base 31 can be designed as a single unit. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The quick-release mounting base 31 has a U-shaped structure. The quick-release mounting base 31 includes a mounting base base plate and a mounting base side plate. The mounting base base plate is connected to the piston shaft 3. The mounting base side plate is vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting base base plate. The inner side of the mounting base side plate is provided with a limiting groove 311.

[0046] The left and right sides of the valve plate mounting block 41 abut against the inner side of the mounting base side plate so that the valve plate mounting block 41 can be inserted into the quick-release mounting base 31. When the valve plate mounting block 41 is installed in place, the locking block mounting groove 411 and the limiting groove 311 are connected so that the limiting locking block 5 can be installed into the locking block mounting groove 411 and the limiting groove 311.

[0047] In this embodiment, the quick-release mounting base 31 is a single unit design. When replacing the valve plate 4, the disassembly and assembly process of the quick-release mounting base 31 is eliminated, which helps to simplify the disassembly process, reduce disassembly time, and improve disassembly efficiency.

[0048] Based on the above embodiments, when the quick-release mounting base 31 adopts a single-unit design, in order to realize the snap-fit ​​relationship between the adjustment limit block 5 and the limit groove 311, the limit block 5 can be set to include a first block, a second block and a pressing block. The pressing block is located between the first block and the second block. The pressing block can move along the valve plate movement direction, and an elastic element 6 is provided between the first block and the second block.

[0049] When the clamping block is in the locked position, the first and second locking blocks are pressed into the limiting groove 311 by the clamping block. When the clamping block is in the unlocked position, the clamping block disengages from the first and second locking blocks, and the elastic element 6 drives the first and second locking blocks to move closer to each other so that both the first and second locking blocks disengage from the limiting groove 311.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 3 The first and second locking blocks have pressing mating surfaces on their end faces that are far away from the limiting groove 311. The shape of the pressing mating surfaces is adapted to the shape of the end face of the locking block that is close to the limiting locking block 5, so that the pressing mating surfaces and the locking blocks fit tightly together.

[0051] When the clamping block passes through the clamping mounting hole 412 of the valve plate mounting block 41 and moves from the unlocked position to the locked position, the clamping mating surface decomposes the thrust of the clamping block along the valve plate movement direction into a vertical thrust, pushing the first and second locking blocks to abut against the limiting groove 311. At the same time, the elastic element 6 is stretched and accumulates elastic potential energy.

[0052] Conversely, when the clamping block passes through the clamping mounting hole 412 of the valve plate mounting block 41 and moves from the locked position to the unlocked position, the clamping block disengages from the clamping mating surface and no longer has a limiting effect on the first and second locking blocks. Under the action of the elastic element 6, the first and second locking blocks approach each other and disengage from the limiting groove 311, and the limiting groove 311 can no longer limit the valve plate mounting block 41.

[0053] Since the elastic element bears tension but not compression, it can be set as a spring, or as an elastic rope, elastic cable, etc.

[0054] In order for the clamping block to be fixed in the locked and unlocked positions, it is understood that both the locked and unlocked positions are provided with locking elements, such as locking bolts. The clamping block is provided with bolt holes for installing locking bolts and a pull-out portion that protrudes from the end face of the valve plate mounting block 41 that is relatively far away from the housing 10. The quick-release mounting base 31 is provided with locking mounting holes and unlocking mounting holes for installing locking bolts. By pushing inward or pulling outward the pull-out portion, the actual position of the clamping block is changed, and after adjustment, the position of the clamping block is fixed by locking bolts.

[0055] Of course, the clamping block can also be set as a threaded pair. Compared with a sliding pair, the threaded pair has higher adjustment accuracy and is less likely to loosen after adjustment.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, the structure of the clamping block is further defined; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 The clamping block includes a screw 313, which is rotatably mounted on a quick-release mounting base 31 via a screw shaft 312. A rotating sleeve 314 is threaded onto the external thread of the screw 313. The rotating sleeve 314 is located in an adjustment mounting groove 316 between the end of the valve plate mounting block 41 that is relatively far away from the housing 10 and the quick-release mounting base 31.

[0057] Preferably, the outer periphery of the rotating sleeve 314 is uniformly provided with a plurality of levers 3141 along the circumferential direction. The levers 3141 can increase the outer diameter of the rotating sleeve 314, making it easier for the operator to rotate the rotating sleeve 314 by levers 3141, thereby improving the efficiency and convenience of disassembling and assembling the valve plate 4. The maximum outer diameter of the rotating sleeve 314 is smaller than the height of the quick-release mounting base 31, so as to avoid contact and wear between the levers 3141 and the inner wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder 20.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, in order to ensure the pressure bearing capacity and sealing performance of the wellhead when the valve plate 4 is closed, the housing 10 is symmetrically provided with a first valve plate and a second valve plate, and a locking component 7 is provided between the first valve plate and the second valve plate. The locking component 7 is used to make the first valve plate and the second valve plate fit together and lock tightly to enhance the sealing effect.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 4 The first valve plate is provided with a first locking block 71, and the second valve plate is provided with a second locking block 72. One of the first locking block 71 and the second locking block 72 is rotatably connected to the corresponding valve plate 4 through a rotating shaft 711, and a torsion spring 712 is provided between the rotating shaft 711 and the corresponding locking block.

[0060] One of the first locking block 71 and the second locking block 72 is provided with a limiting groove 713, and the other is provided with a limiting protrusion that engages with the limiting groove 713.

[0061] Among them, the locking block that is rotatably connected to the valve plate 4 via the rotating shaft 711 is a rotating locking block, and the locking block that is connected to the valve plate 4 via the fixed shaft 721 is a fixed locking block.

[0062] After the drill pipe is cut off by the valve plates 4 at both ends of the blowout prevention device, the two valve plates 4 continue to approach each other. When the front end of the first locking block 71 of the first valve plate and the front end of the second locking block 72 of the second valve plate come into contact, the rotatable rotating locking block rotates around the rotating shaft 711 under the pressure of another non-rotatable fixed locking block. The torsion spring 712 accumulates elastic potential energy until the front end of the fixed locking block moves to contact the rear end of the rotating locking block. At this time, the fixed locking block no longer squeezes the rotating locking block. The rotating locking block rotates in the opposite direction and resets under the action of the torsion spring 712. The limiting groove 713 and the limiting protrusion engage and cooperate, thereby locking the first locking block 71 and the second locking block 72, making the two valve plates 4 fit tightly together, enhancing the sealing effect of the valve plates 4 on the wellhead, reducing the leakage of fluid in the well, and improving the pressure bearing capacity of the blowout prevention device.

[0063] Preferably, in order to make the snap-fit ​​connection between the first locking block 71 and the second locking block 72 more stable and reliable, a first magnetic plate 714 can be provided in the limiting groove 713, and a limiting protrusion includes a second magnetic plate 722 protruding from the locking block. The magnetic attraction between the first magnetic plate 714 and the second magnetic plate 722 is used to prevent the limiting protrusion from falling out of the limiting groove 713.

[0064] It should be noted that the first and second card blocks, the first valve plate and the second valve plate, the first locking block 71 and the second locking block 72, and the first magnetic plate 714 and the second magnetic plate 722 mentioned in this application are only used to distinguish the different positions, and do not contain any limitation on the order.

[0065] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0066] The above provides a detailed description of the blowout prevention device for oil drilling provided by this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A blowout prevention device for oil drilling, comprising a housing (10) and symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders (20), wherein a piston shaft (3) is provided inside the hydraulic cylinder (20), and a valve plate (4) is provided at one end of the piston shaft (3) relatively close to the housing (10), characterized in that, The valve plate (4) is connected to the piston shaft (3) via a quick-release assembly. The quick-release assembly includes a quick-release mounting seat (31) at the end of the piston shaft (3), a valve plate mounting block (41) at the end of the valve plate (4), and a limiting block (5). The quick-release mounting seat (31) has a limiting groove (311) at at least one end in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate movement direction. The valve plate mounting block (41) has a locking block mounting groove (411) for mounting the limiting block (5). The valve plate mounting block (41) is inserted into the quick-release mounting seat (31) so that the locking block mounting groove (411) cooperates with the limiting groove (311) to limit the limiting block (5) and connect the valve plate mounting block (41) and the quick-release mounting seat (31).

2. The oil well blowout prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick-release mounting base (31) includes a mounting base body and a mounting base cover plate. The mounting base body is provided with the limiting groove (311) at both ends in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate movement direction. The mounting base body and the mounting base cover plate are connected by a quick-release connector, which is arranged along the normal direction of the valve plate.

3. The oil well blowout prevention device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting block (5) includes a first block and a second block. Both the first block and the second block can slide relative to the limiting groove (311) in the direction perpendicular to the valve plate movement direction. An elastic element (6) is provided between the first block and the second block. The elastic element (6) is used to press the first block and the second block into the limiting groove (311).

4. The oil drilling blowout prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting block (5) includes a first block, a second block and a pressing block. The pressing block is located between the first block and the second block. The pressing block can move along the valve plate movement direction, and an elastic element (6) is provided between the first block and the second block. When the clamping block is in the locked position, the first and second locking blocks are pressed into the limiting groove (311) by the clamping block. When the clamping block is in the unlocked position, the clamping block disengages from the first and second locking blocks, and the elastic element (6) drives the first and second locking blocks to move closer to each other so that the first and second locking blocks disengage from the limiting groove (311).

5. The oil well blowout prevention device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping block includes a screw (313), which is rotatably mounted on the quick-release mounting base (31) via a screw shaft (312). A rotating sleeve (314) is threaded onto the external screw (313), and the rotating sleeve (314) is located in an adjustment mounting groove (316) between the end of the valve plate mounting block (41) that is relatively far from the housing (10) and the quick-release mounting base (31).

6. The oil well blowout prevention device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the rotating sleeve (314) is uniformly provided with a plurality of pry blocks (3141) along the circumferential direction, and the maximum outer diameter of the rotating sleeve (314) is smaller than the height of the quick-release mounting base (31).

7. The oil well blowout prevention device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The housing (10) is symmetrically provided with a first valve plate and a second valve plate, and a locking component (7) is provided between the first valve plate and the second valve plate. The locking component (7) is used to make the first valve plate and the second valve plate fit together and lock tightly to enhance the sealing effect.

8. The oil well blowout prevention device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first valve plate is provided with a first locking block (71), and the second valve plate is provided with a second locking block (72). One of the first locking block (71) and the second locking block (72) is rotatably connected to the corresponding valve plate (4) through a rotating shaft (711), and a torsion spring (712) is provided between the rotating shaft (711) and the corresponding locking block. One of the first locking block (71) and the second locking block (72) is provided with a limiting groove (713), and the other is provided with a limiting protrusion that engages with the limiting groove (713).

9. The oil drilling blowout prevention device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The limiting groove (713) is provided with a first magnetic plate (714), and the limiting protrusion includes a second magnetic plate (722) protruding from the locking block.

10. The oil well blowout prevention device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Both sides of the quick-release mounting base (31) are provided with sealing blocks (315), which are used to fit tightly against the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder (20).

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