A multi-stage shock absorbing piston rod

Abstract

This utility model relates to a multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod, comprising a piston rod, a primary cylinder, a secondary cylinder, a primary spring, and a secondary spring. A first piston is located at the lower end of the piston rod, and a second piston is located on the outer wall of the lower end of the primary cylinder. The piston rod is slidably mounted in the primary cylinder via the first piston, and the primary cylinder is slidably mounted in the secondary cylinder via the second piston. Both the primary and secondary cylinders are filled with hydraulic oil. A first support plate is located at the upper end of the piston rod, and a second support plate is located at the upper end of the primary cylinder. The primary spring is sleeved on the piston rod and abuts against the first and second support plates, respectively. The secondary spring is sleeved on the primary cylinder and abuts against the second support plate and the secondary cylinder, respectively. The advantages of this utility model are: it possesses multi-stage damping, capable of automatically adjusting the damping magnitude according to different impact intensities and road conditions, balancing comfort and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive shock absorption technology, and in particular to a multi-stage shock absorption piston rod. Background Technology

[0002] During vehicle operation, the shock absorption system plays a crucial role, and the shock absorber piston rod, as the core component of the shock absorption system, directly affects the vehicle's driving comfort, handling stability, and the service life of its parts.

[0003] Most automotive shock absorber piston rods in existing technologies are single-stage structures with relatively fixed damping characteristics. The demands on the shock absorption system vary significantly depending on the road conditions, such as flat highways, bumpy mountain roads, and speed bumps. On flat roads, a smaller damping force is needed to ensure driving comfort; while on bumpy roads or when encountering large impacts, a larger damping force is required to quickly dampen vibrations and ensure vehicle stability.

[0004] However, due to its structural limitations, the single-stage shock absorber piston rod cannot automatically adjust its damping according to different impact intensities and road conditions. This makes it difficult to simultaneously achieve both comfort and stability when facing complex and varied driving environments. For example, when a vehicle goes over a speed bump, the single-stage shock absorber piston rod may transmit vibrations more noticeably due to insufficient damping, affecting the driving experience; while when encountering small bumps at high speeds, excessive damping may result in poor vibration filtering, increasing driver fatigue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention mainly solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod with multi-stage damping, which can automatically adjust the damping magnitude according to different impact intensities and road conditions, taking into account both comfort and stability.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is a multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod, including a piston rod, a primary cylinder, a secondary cylinder, a primary spring, and a secondary spring. A first piston is provided at the lower end of the piston rod, and a second piston is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the primary cylinder. The piston rod is slidably disposed in the primary cylinder through the first piston, and the primary cylinder is slidably disposed in the secondary cylinder through the second piston. The primary and secondary cylinders are filled with hydraulic oil. A first support plate is provided at the upper end of the piston rod, and a second support plate is provided at the upper end of the primary cylinder. The primary spring is sleeved on the piston rod and abuts against the first and second support plates respectively. The secondary spring is sleeved on the primary cylinder and abuts against the second support plate and the secondary cylinder respectively.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the secondary cylinder is a double-layer cylinder, including a central working cylinder and an outer oil reservoir cylinder. The working cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil, and the oil reservoir cylinder is filled with nitrogen. The lower end of the working cylinder is connected to the oil reservoir cylinder through a compression valve, and the primary cylinder is slidably disposed in the working cylinder.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the first piston divides the first-stage cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the first piston is provided with a number of first through holes connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the second piston divides the working cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the second piston rod is provided with a number of second through holes connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the second through hole includes a forward through hole and a reverse through hole. A first baffle is provided above the second piston. A third spring is provided between the first baffle and the second piston. A first baffle is provided at the lower end of the third spring to cover the upper end of the forward through hole. A first spring is provided below the second piston, and the first spring covers the lower end of the reverse through hole.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the side wall at the lower end of the working cylinder protrudes to form a mounting groove, and the compression valve is disposed in the mounting groove.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the compression valve includes a valve body, a second baffle, a fourth spring, a second baffle plate, and a second spring plate. The valve body is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes and oil return holes. The second baffle is located at the upper end of the valve body. The fourth spring is located between the second baffle and the valve body. The second baffle plate is located at the lower end of the fourth spring plate and is used to cover the upper end of the oil return hole. The second spring plate is located at the lower end of the valve body and is used to cover the lower end of the oil outlet hole.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the elastic coefficient of the primary spring is smaller than that of the secondary spring.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, there are multiple first-stage cylinders, and the inner diameter of each first-stage cylinder gradually increases. The piston rod is slidably disposed in the first-stage cylinder with the smallest inner diameter through a first piston. The first-stage cylinder with a small inner diameter is slidably disposed in the first-stage cylinder with a large inner diameter through a first piston. The first-stage cylinder with the largest inner diameter is slidably disposed in the second-stage cylinder through a second piston.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the elastic coefficient of each primary spring increases as the inner diameter of the primary cylinder to which it is fitted increases.

[0016] The advantages of this invention are: it has multi-level damping, which can automatically adjust the damping magnitude according to different impact intensities and road conditions, taking into account both comfort and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod in Example 1.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod in Example 1.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod in Example 2.

[0022] 1-Piston rod 2-First stage cylinder 3-Second stage cylinder 4-First support plate 5-Second support plate 6-First stage spring 7-Second stage spring 8-First piston 9-Second piston 10-Compression valve 301-Working cylinder 302-Oil reservoir cylinder 901-Reverse through hole 902-Forward through hole 903-First baffle 904-Third spring 905-First baffle plate 906-First spring plate 1001-Oil outlet through hole 1002-Oil return through hole 1003-Second baffle 1004-Fourth spring 1005-Second baffle plate 1006-Second spring plate Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] This embodiment describes a multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the system includes a piston rod 1, a primary cylinder 2, a secondary cylinder 3, a primary spring 6, and a secondary spring 7. A first piston 8 is located at the lower end of the piston rod 1, and a second piston 9 is located on the outer wall of the lower end of the primary cylinder 2. The piston rod 1 is slidably mounted in the primary cylinder 2 via the first piston 8, and the primary cylinder 2 is slidably mounted in the secondary cylinder 3 via the second piston 9. Both the primary and secondary cylinders are filled with hydraulic oil. A first support plate 4 is located at the upper end of the piston rod 1, and a second support plate 3 is located at the upper end of the primary cylinder 2. The primary spring 6 is sleeved on the piston rod and abuts against the first and second support plates respectively. The secondary spring 7 is sleeved on the primary cylinder and abuts against the second support plate 5 and the secondary cylinder 3 respectively. The elastic coefficient of the primary spring 6 is less than that of the secondary spring 7.

[0026] The first-stage cylinder 2 is a single-layer cylinder. The first piston 8 divides the first-stage cylinder 2 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The first piston 8 is provided with several first through holes that connect the upper chamber and the lower chamber. When the piston rod 1 extends the first-stage cylinder 2 and slides up and down, the hydraulic oil in the first-stage cylinder flows between the upper chamber and the lower chamber through the first through holes, thereby generating a certain damping force.

[0027] The secondary cylinder 3 is a double-layered cylinder, comprising a central working cylinder 301 and an outer oil reservoir 302. The primary cylinder 2 is slidably disposed within the working cylinder 301, which is filled with hydraulic oil. The oil reservoir 302 is filled with nitrogen. The lower end of the working cylinder 301 is connected to the oil reservoir 302 via a compression valve 10. The second piston 9 divides the working cylinder 301 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The second piston 9 has several second through holes connecting the upper and lower chambers. Figure 3 As shown, the second through hole includes a forward through hole 902 and a reverse through hole 901. A first baffle 903 is provided above the second piston 9. A third spring 904 is provided between the first baffle 903 and the second piston 9. A first baffle 905 is provided at the lower end of the third spring 904 to cover the upper end of the forward through hole 902. A first spring 906 is provided below the second piston 9, and the first spring 906 covers the lower end of the reverse through hole 901. Figure 4 The working cylinder has a side wall that protrudes outward to form a mounting groove. The compression valve is installed in the mounting groove. The compression valve includes a valve body, a second baffle 1003, a fourth spring 1004, a second baffle 1005, and a second spring 1006. The valve body is provided with several oil outlet holes 1001 and oil return holes 1002. The second baffle 1003 is located at the upper end of the valve body. The fourth spring 1004 is located between the second baffle 1003 and the valve body. The second baffle 1005 is located at the lower end of the fourth spring 1004 and is used to cover the upper end of the oil return channel 1002. The second spring 1006 is located at the lower end of the valve body and is used to cover the lower end of the oil outlet channel 1001.

[0028] In this embodiment, piston rod 1, first-stage cylinder 2 and first-stage spring 6 form a first-stage piston rod, and first-stage cylinder 2, second-stage cylinder 3 and second-stage spring 7 form a second-stage piston rod.

[0029] When the vehicle is traveling on a flat road, minor impacts are primarily damped by the primary piston rod. During primary piston rod damping, piston rod 1 moves, compressing the spring and generating a small damping force through the first through-hole on the first piston 8 with hydraulic oil in the first cylinder 2, ensuring driving comfort. However, when the vehicle is traveling on a bumpy road or encounters a larger impact, both the primary and secondary piston rods work together to dampen the shock. During damping, piston rod 1 and the first cylinder 2 move rapidly, and the hydraulic oil in the first cylinder 2 flows quickly through the first through-hole for primary damping. Impacts that cannot be absorbed by the primary piston rod then move the first cylinder 2 within the second cylinder 3, i.e., the secondary piston rod operates. During the operation of the secondary piston rod, the secondary spring 7 is compressed, and the second piston 9 moves downward. During this downward movement, the hydraulic oil pressure in the upper chamber decreases, while the oil pressure in the lower chamber increases. The hydraulic oil in the lower chamber pushes up the first baffle 905 and enters the upper chamber for shock absorption. Simultaneously, some hydraulic oil in the lower chamber pushes open the second spring 1006 and enters the reservoir cylinder to interact with nitrogen gas, further increasing the damping force and improving the shock absorption effect. After the impact, in the secondary piston rod, the secondary spring 7 returns to its original position, and the first cylinder 2 moves upward. The hydraulic oil in the reservoir cylinder, under the action of nitrogen gas, pushes open the second baffle 1005 and enters the lower chamber. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber pushes open the first spring 906 and enters the lower chamber, providing damping force and preventing the secondary spring 7 and the first cylinder 2 from returning too quickly, which would affect driving comfort. Similarly, in the first-stage piston rod, the first-stage spring 6 returns to its original position, the piston rod moves upward, and the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber of the first-stage cylinder enters the lower chamber through the first through hole, providing damping force and preventing the first-stage spring and piston rod from returning through the hole and affecting driving comfort.

[0030] The multi-stage shock absorber piston rod in this embodiment has a multi-stage damping function, which can automatically adjust the damping magnitude according to different impact intensities and road conditions, thereby taking into account both ride comfort and driving stability.

[0031] Example 2:

[0032] This embodiment describes a multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod, such as... Figure 5The difference from Embodiment 1 is that it includes a piston rod 1, a secondary cylinder 3, a secondary spring 6, multiple primary cylinders 2, and multiple primary springs 6. The inner diameter of each primary cylinder 2 gradually increases. The piston rod 1 is slidably disposed in the primary cylinder 2 with the smallest inner diameter via a first piston. The primary cylinders with smaller inner diameters are slidably disposed in the primary cylinders with larger inner diameters via a first piston. The primary cylinder with the largest inner diameter is slidably disposed in the secondary cylinder via a second piston. The elastic coefficient of each primary spring increases as the inner diameter of the primary cylinder it is fitted into increases.

[0033] In this embodiment, two primary cylinders are provided. The piston rod 1 and the primary cylinder with a smaller inner diameter form a primary piston rod. The primary cylinder with a smaller inner diameter and the primary cylinder with a larger inner diameter form a secondary piston rod. The primary cylinder with a larger inner diameter and the secondary cylinder form a tertiary piston rod. When subjected to impact force, the primary piston rod absorbs the shock. Excess impact force is absorbed by the secondary piston rod. If there is still excess impact force, the tertiary piston rod absorbs the shock. This achieves multi-stage damping and can automatically adjust the damping magnitude according to different impact intensities and road conditions, taking into account both comfort and stability.

[0034] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod, characterized in that: The device includes a piston rod, a primary cylinder, a secondary cylinder, a primary spring, and a secondary spring. A first piston is located at the lower end of the piston rod, and a second piston is located on the outer wall of the lower end of the primary cylinder. The piston rod is slidably disposed within the primary cylinder via the first piston, and the primary cylinder is slidably disposed within the secondary cylinder via the second piston. Both the primary and secondary cylinders are filled with hydraulic oil. A first support plate is located at the upper end of the piston rod, and a second support plate is located at the upper end of the primary cylinder. The primary spring is sleeved on the piston rod and abuts against the first and second support plates, respectively. The secondary spring is sleeved on the primary cylinder and abuts against both the second support plate and the secondary cylinder, respectively.

2. The multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary cylinder is a double-layer cylinder, including a central working cylinder and an outer oil reservoir cylinder. The working cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil, and the oil reservoir cylinder is filled with nitrogen. The lower end of the working cylinder is connected to the oil reservoir cylinder through a compression valve. The primary cylinder is slidably disposed in the working cylinder.

3. The multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first piston divides the first-stage cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the first piston is provided with several first through holes that connect the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

4. The multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second piston divides the working cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the second piston rod is provided with several second through holes connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

5. The multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second through hole includes a forward through hole and a reverse through hole. A first baffle is provided above the second piston. A third spring is provided between the first baffle and the second piston. A first baffle is provided at the lower end of the third spring to cover the upper end of the forward through hole. A first spring is provided below the second piston, and the first spring covers the lower end of the reverse through hole.

6. The multi-stage damping piston rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall at the lower end of the working cylinder protrudes outward to form a mounting groove, and the compression valve is disposed in the mounting groove.

7. The multi-stage damping piston rod according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: The compression valve includes a valve body, a second baffle, a fourth spring, a second baffle plate, and a second spring plate. The valve body is provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes and oil return holes. The second baffle is located at the upper end of the valve body. The fourth spring is located between the second baffle and the valve body. The second baffle plate is located at the lower end of the fourth spring plate and is used to cover the upper end of the oil return hole. The second spring plate is located at the lower end of the valve body and is used to cover the lower end of the oil outlet hole.

8. The multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spring constant of the first-stage spring is less than that of the second-stage spring.

9. The multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage cylinder has multiple cylinders, and the inner diameter of each cylinder gradually increases. The piston rod is slidably disposed in the first-stage cylinder with the smallest inner diameter via a first piston. The first-stage cylinder with the small inner diameter is slidably disposed in the first-stage cylinder with the large inner diameter via a first piston. The first-stage cylinder with the largest inner diameter is slidably disposed in the second-stage cylinder via a second piston.

10. The multi-stage shock-absorbing piston rod according to claim 9, characterized in that: The spring constant of each primary spring increases as the inner diameter of the primary cylinder to which it is fitted increases.

Images