Adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and drainage system based on shape memory alloy springs

Abstract

This utility model discloses an adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and drainage system based on a shape memory alloy spring, relating to the field of slope protection engineering technology. It includes: an outer wall and an inner wall of the drainage pipe; the inner wall of the drainage pipe is divided longitudinally into multiple sections, the inner walls of which are wrapped with waterproof cloth; a shape memory alloy spring and an offset spring are installed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the drainage pipe; an electromagnetic heating strip is wrapped around the side of the shape memory alloy spring; a flow velocity sensor is also installed on the inner wall of the drainage pipe; the electromagnetic heating strip and the flow velocity sensor are electrically connected to a microcontroller. This utility model alleviates the technical problems of high response time and high maintenance costs in existing drainage volume control mechanisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to an adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and drainage system based on shape memory alloy springs. Background Technology

[0002] In slope and retaining wall engineering, the drainage system is a crucial component for ensuring structural stability. Traditional drainage pipes mostly use PVC pipes or corrugated pipes with fixed inner diameters, achieving drainage through pre-set holes or filter layers. However, this type of structure has significant drawbacks: on the one hand, during heavy rains or sudden rises in groundwater levels, the fixed pipe diameter can easily lead to insufficient drainage capacity, causing pore water pressure to accumulate and threatening structural safety; on the other hand, during dry seasons or low water levels, excessive drainage may accelerate soil erosion, causing filter layer blockage or erosion of the slope surface soil. In addition, although existing technologies have attempted to use mechanical valves or electric regulating devices to control the drainage volume, their structures are complex, energy-intensive, and prone to failure in siltation environments, making them unsuitable for long-term harsh field conditions.

[0003] In recent years, shape memory alloys (SMAs) have attracted attention in the field of smart structures due to their superelasticity and shape memory effect. While there are currently structures that utilize SMA filaments to drive deformation, their engineering applications in dynamically adjusting drainage pipe diameters are lacking. Furthermore, existing drainage pipe filter layers often rely on single geotextiles or screens, which are prone to decreased permeability due to particle intrusion over long-term use, and there is a lack of coordinated design between the pipe structure and the filter layer. Although some studies have attempted to combine sensors and actuators to achieve drainage volume control, problems such as response lag, reliance on external power supply, and high maintenance costs exist, making it difficult to meet the reliability, durability, and adaptability requirements of geotechnical engineering. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides an adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and drainage system based on a shape memory alloy spring. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] On one hand, an adjustable inner diameter drain pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring is provided, including an outer wall and an inner wall of the drain pipe; the inner wall of the drain pipe is divided into multiple segments along the longitudinal direction, and the inner walls of the multiple segments are wrapped with waterproof cloth; a shape memory alloy spring and an offset spring are arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall of the drain pipe; an electromagnetic heating strip is wrapped around the side of the shape memory alloy spring; a flow rate sensor is also arranged on the inner wall of the drain pipe; the electromagnetic heating strip and the flow rate sensor are electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer.

[0006] Optionally, the two ends of the shape memory alloy spring and the bias spring are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drain pipe or the inner wall of the drain pipe via connectors.

[0007] Optionally, the shape memory alloy spring and the bias spring are arranged in an alternating array between the outer wall of the drain pipe and the inner wall of the drain pipe.

[0008] Optionally, the end of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe is provided with a filter screen and geotextile; the filter screen is located on the outside of the geotextile.

[0009] Optionally, the filter screen includes a stainless steel filter screen.

[0010] Optionally, the outer wall and the inner wall of the drain pipe may be made of polyvinyl chloride.

[0011] On the other hand, a drainage system is also provided, including an adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring provided in this embodiment of the present invention; the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe is disposed in a pre-set drainage hole inside the retaining wall, and the outer wall of the drainage pipe is fixed to the inner wall of the drainage hole.

[0012] Optionally, a solar panel is installed on the outer layer of the retaining wall, and the solar panel is electrically connected to the electromagnetic heating element.

[0013] Optionally, a geotextile is provided between the end of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and the reverse filter bag, the geotextile wraps the opening of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe, and a filter screen is also provided between the geotextile and the reverse filter bag.

[0014] This invention provides an adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and drainage system based on a shape memory alloy spring. A flow velocity sensor monitors the water flow rate in the drainage pipe in real time and automatically adjusts the electromagnetic heating band to heat the shape memory alloy spring based on the flow rate. Through a combined driving mechanism of the shape memory alloy spring and an offset spring, the diameter of the drainage pipe is adjusted, efficiently regulating the drainage volume. Simultaneously, geotextile and stainless steel filter screens are used in conjunction to effectively reduce soil erosion. This invention alleviates the technical problems of high response time and high maintenance costs associated with existing drainage volume control mechanisms. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of an adjustable inner diameter drain pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable inner diameter drain pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring in an enlarged inner diameter state, provided by an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable inner diameter drain pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring in a reduced inner diameter state, provided by an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drainage system provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Shape memory alloy spring, 2. Bias spring, 3. Electromagnetic heating belt, 4. Connector, 5. Outer wall of drain pipe, 6. Inner wall of drain pipe, 7. Waterproof cloth, 8. Filter screen, 9. Geotextile, 10. Flow sensor, 11. Retaining wall, 12. Drain hole, 13. Solar panel, 14. Reverse filter bag. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of this utility model will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In the embodiments of this utility model, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in this utility model should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this utility model, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either one or the other.

[0023] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of this utility model clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of an adjustable inner diameter drain pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable inner diameter drain pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring in an enlarged inner diameter state, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable inner diameter drain pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring in a reduced inner diameter state, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the drain pipe includes an outer wall 5 and an inner wall 6. The inner wall 6 is divided into multiple sections along the longitudinal direction, and the inner walls of the multiple sections are wrapped with waterproof cloth 7. A shape memory alloy spring 1 and an offset spring 2 are installed between the outer wall 5 and the inner wall 6. An electromagnetic heating belt 3 is wrapped around the side of the shape memory alloy spring 1. A flow rate sensor 10 is also installed on the inner wall 6. The electromagnetic heating belt 3 and the flow rate sensor 10 are electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer.

[0026] Preferably, multiple flow rate sensors 10 are provided, spaced apart on the surface of the inner wall 6 of the drain pipe.

[0027] Specifically, the flow rate sensor 10 is used to monitor the water flow rate in the adjustable inner diameter drain pipe in real time.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the shape memory alloy spring 1 is in a stretched state when not heated, and the bias spring 2 is in its original state; when heated, the shape memory alloy spring 1 returns from the stretched state to its original state, and the bias spring 2 changes from its original state to a compressed state under the action of the shape memory alloy spring 1.

[0029] The microcontroller controls the electromagnetic heating belt 3 to heat the shape memory alloy spring 1 when the water flow rate detected by the flow rate sensor 10 exceeds a preset flow rate threshold. This causes the shape memory alloy spring 1 to return to its pre-deformation state, i.e., from stretched to its original state. At this time, the bias spring 2 is in a compressed state. Figure 2 As shown, the inlet of the adjustable inner diameter drain pipe is in an enlarged inner diameter state.

[0030] The microcontroller is also used to control the electromagnetic heating band 3 to stop heating when the water flow rate is lower than a preset flow rate threshold. The bias spring 2 returns from its compressed state to its original state, and drives the shape memory alloy spring 1 back to its pre-heating state. At this time, the outlet of the adjustable inner diameter drain pipe is in a reduced inner diameter state. Figure 3 As shown.

[0031] Due to the stretching and compression of the two springs, the displacement of multiple segments of the inner wall 6 of the drain pipe also changes, thereby changing the diameter of the adjustable inner diameter drain pipe and thus controlling the drainage volume.

[0032] The main body of the adjustable inner diameter drain pipe provided in this embodiment of the utility model is a three-layer composite structure. Preferably, the outer wall 5 and the inner wall 6 of the drain pipe are made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

[0033] Preferably, the inner wall 6 of the drain pipe is divided into four sections longitudinally, with a gap between adjacent sections, and is surrounded by a waterproof cloth 7 to prevent water from entering between the outer wall 5 and the inner wall 6 of the drain pipe.

[0034] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, the two ends of the shape memory alloy spring 1 and the bias spring 2 are fixedly connected to the outer wall 5 or the inner wall 6 of the drain pipe via connector 4.

[0035] Preferred, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shape memory alloy spring 1 and the bias spring 2 are arranged in an alternating array between the outer wall 5 and the inner wall 6 of the drain pipe.

[0036] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, the end of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe is equipped with a filter screen 8 and a geotextile 9; the filter screen 8 is located on the outside of the geotextile 9.

[0037] Preferably, the filter screen 8 comprises a stainless steel filter screen.

[0038] In this embodiment of the utility model, a layer of geotextile 9 needs to be wrapped around the end of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe adjacent to the external filter bag to prevent fine mud and sand from entering the interior of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe; a filter screen 8 is also provided on the outside of the geotextile 9 to prevent particles from entering and tearing the geotextile 9 to block the drainage pipe.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 4 As shown, the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring provided in this embodiment of the present invention is included; wherein, the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe is disposed in a pre-set drainage hole 12 inside the retaining wall 11, and the outer wall 5 of the drainage pipe is fixed to the inner wall of the drainage hole 12.

[0040] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, a solar panel 13 is installed on the outer layer of the retaining wall 11, and the solar panel 13 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic heating belt 3. Specifically, the solar panel 13 is used to provide electrical energy to the electromagnetic heating belt 3.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, a geotextile 9 is installed between the end of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and the filter bag 14. The geotextile 9 wraps the opening of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe, and a filter screen 8 is also installed between the geotextile 9 and the filter bag 14.

[0042] As described above, this utility model provides an adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and drainage system based on a shape memory alloy spring. A flow velocity sensor monitors the water flow rate in the drainage pipe in real time and automatically adjusts the electromagnetic heating band to heat the shape memory alloy spring based on the flow rate. Through a composite driving mechanism of the shape memory alloy spring and a bias spring, the diameter of the drainage pipe is adjusted, efficiently regulating the drainage volume. Powered by a solar panel, it is more environmentally friendly, responding to the theme of green development. Simultaneously, the synergistic use of geotextile and stainless steel filter effectively reduces soil erosion.

[0043] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable inner diameter drain pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring, comprising an outer wall and an inner wall; characterized in that, The inner wall of the drain pipe is divided into multiple sections along the longitudinal direction, and the inner walls of the multiple sections are wrapped with waterproof cloth; a shape memory alloy spring and an offset spring are installed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the drain pipe; an electromagnetic heating strip is wrapped around the side of the shape memory alloy spring; a flow rate sensor is also installed on the inner wall of the drain pipe; the electromagnetic heating strip and the flow rate sensor are electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer.

2. The adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the shape memory alloy spring and the bias spring are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drain pipe or the inner wall of the drain pipe via connectors.

3. The adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape memory alloy spring and the bias spring are arranged in an alternating array between the outer wall and the inner wall of the drain pipe.

4. The adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe is provided with a filter screen and geotextile at its end; the filter screen is located on the outside of the geotextile.

5. The adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter screen includes a stainless steel filter screen.

6. A drainage system, characterized in that, The adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe based on a shape memory alloy spring as described in any one of claims 1-5 is provided in a pre-set drainage hole inside the retaining wall, and the outer wall of the drainage pipe is fixed to the inner wall of the drainage hole.

7. The drainage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, A solar panel is installed on the outer layer of the retaining wall, and the solar panel is electrically connected to the electromagnetic heating element.

8. The drainage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Geotextile is installed between the end of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe and the filter bag. The geotextile wraps the opening of the adjustable inner diameter drainage pipe, and a filter screen is also installed between the geotextile and the filter bag.

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