Three-way static and dynamic force simulation loading device for horizontal machining center

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-way static and dynamic force simulation loading device of a horizontal machining center, which belongs to the technical field of machine tool performance testing, and comprises a cutter handle interface module, a connecting platform and three branch chains, the three branch chains are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the connecting platform, and a mounting plate is connected between the three branch chains and the connecting platform. The three branch chains are of the same structure, each branch chain comprises a servo electric cylinder, a two-degree-of-freedom hinge, a first base and a second base, the end, close to the servo electric cylinder, of the two-degree-of-freedom hinge is rotationally connected with the first base, and the end, away from the servo electric cylinder, of the two-degree-of-freedom hinge is rotationally connected with the second base. According to the utility model, simulation loading of three-way force under the service condition of the horizontal machining center main shaft can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machine tool performance testing technology, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for a horizontal machining center. Background Technology

[0002] Horizontal machining centers, with their horizontal spindle structure and multi-axis linkage capabilities, are widely used for the efficient machining of complex box-shaped parts in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and energy equipment industries. During actual cutting, the machine tool must withstand dynamic multi-directional cutting forces (radial, tangential, and axial forces) generated by the interaction between the tool and the workpiece. The time-varying nature of these loads poses a severe challenge to the machine tool's dynamic stiffness, positioning accuracy, thermal stability, and the reliability of the CNC program. To optimize machining processes, verify machine tool performance, and reduce the risks of trial cutting, there is an urgent need for a device that can accurately simulate real cutting loads under non-cutting conditions.

[0003] Patent application number 201120047973.2 discloses a spindle cutting resistance simulation loading device for reliability testing of vertical / horizontal machining centers. This device transmits dynamic loads through a simulated cutting tool. A cylinder-driven pressure sensor applies a horizontal force to the simulated tool, and rolling bearings and counter-rotating bearings ensure stable force transmission during spindle rotation. A probe synchronously monitors the rotational speed, and dynamic loading is achieved by combining this with a preset load spectrum. However, this patent only supports dynamic loading in the X and Y axes, without mentioning multi-axis linkage or Z-axis resistance simulation. It struggles to reproduce complex machining conditions and does not specify the upper limit of dynamic loading frequency, load range, or accuracy indicators, thus failing to meet the testing requirements for high-speed cutting or extreme loads.

[0004] Currently, the mainstream simulated cutting loading technologies can be mainly divided into the following categories: applying unidirectional force to the workpiece or tool through hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders; using servo motors to drive ball screws or linear modules to apply force in a single direction (such as the axial direction); generating a constant load by fixing counterweights or rotating inertia wheels; and using electromagnetic force to generate high-frequency vibration loads to simulate dynamic phenomena such as cutting chatter. However, all of these have significant limitations. Existing solutions are difficult to accurately reproduce time-varying cutting forces in three-dimensional space, resulting in significant deviations between test results and actual machining conditions.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a new machine tool performance testing method that can realistically simulate the stress conditions during the actual machining process of the machine tool, is easy to install, and does not require the consumption of physical materials and machining tools, effectively reducing the cost of machine tool performance testing, and achieving the effect of ensuring the excellent performance of the machine tool while reducing the manufacturing cost of the machine tool. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for horizontal machining centers, which solves the problems of low loading accuracy, poor dynamic response, complex structure and difficult installation in the prior art, and realizes high-precision three-dimensional force simulation of the spindle under service conditions.

[0007] A three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for a horizontal machining center includes a tool holder interface module, a connecting platform, and three branches. The tool holder interface module is connected to the spindle of the horizontal machining center by mounting a tool holder. The three branches are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the connecting platform and are connected to the connecting platform by a mounting plate. The connecting platform forms a stable support structure with the mounting plate through the three branches.

[0008] The three branches have the same structure. Each branch includes a servo electric cylinder, a two-degree-of-freedom hinge, a first base, and a second base. The end of the two-degree-of-freedom hinge closer to the servo electric cylinder is rotatably connected to the first base, and the end of the two-degree-of-freedom hinge further away from the servo electric cylinder is rotatably connected to the second base. The second base is connected to the connecting platform by bolts. The first base is connected to the output end of the servo electric cylinder by a connecting plate assembly, which realizes high-precision triaxial force simulation loading.

[0009] Preferably, a sensor dust cover and a dust cover pressure plate are sequentially arranged along the axial direction between the tool holder interface module and the connecting platform. The sensor dust cover is installed at the end of the tool holder interface module near the connecting platform and is fixed to the connecting platform by the dust cover pressure plate. This serves two purposes: dust prevention and connection between the tool holder interface module and the connecting platform.

[0010] Preferably, the tool holder interface module includes a tool holder interface, a tool holder fixture, a tool holder fixture base, an oil injection nozzle, a lock nut, a lock cap, and a sealing end cap;

[0011] The tool holder interface is installed in the middle of the tool holder fixture. The tool holder fixture base is installed on the outside of the tool holder fixture and is connected to the sealing end cap by bolts. The oil injection nozzle is installed on the outside of the tool holder fixture base. The anti-loosening round nut is installed between the tool holder fixture and the sealing end cap. The anti-loosening cap is connected to the tool holder fixture by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting plate assembly includes a ball spline, a first connecting plate, and a second connecting plate. The first connecting plate is bolted to the first base, the middle part of the second connecting plate is bolted to the output end of the servo electric cylinder, and the two ends of the second connecting plate along its length are bolted to the mounting plate. The ball spline is installed between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, a three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for a horizontal machining center further includes a base, which is connected to the worktable of the horizontal machining center, and the bottom surface of the mounting plate is bolted to the center of the top surface of the base.

[0014] Preferably, support frames are symmetrically installed on both sides of the lower part of the surface of the mounting plate away from the connection platform to enhance the bending resistance of the mounting plate.

[0015] Preferably, reinforcing ribs are symmetrically installed on both sides of the top surface of the base near the support frame to improve the overall structural rigidity.

[0016] Preferably, the base surface located below the tool holder interface module and the middle part of the mounting plate are both designed with a hollowed-out shape to achieve weight reduction.

[0017] Preferably, the two-degree-of-freedom hinge is a Hooke hinge.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. Three servo electric cylinders drive the branch chain, which, together with a two-degree-of-freedom hinge, achieves six degrees of freedom constraint in space, retaining only three degrees of freedom for force loading, thereby improving dynamic response and accuracy.

[0020] 2. Easy to install and maintain; the tool holder interface module and support chain can be quickly disassembled and assembled, adaptable to different models of machining centers. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the device of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the tool holder interface module in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the branch structure in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting plate and the base in this utility model;

[0025] In the diagram, 1. Tool holder interface module; 2. Sensor dust cover; 3. Dust cover pressure plate; 4. Connecting platform; 5. Support chain; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Base; 8. Tool holder interface; 9. Tool holder fixture base; 10. Oil nozzle; 11. Tool holder fixture; 12. Anti-loosening round nut; 13. Anti-loosening cover; 14. Sealing end cap; 15. Servo electric cylinder; 16. Ball spline; 17. First connecting plate; 18. Second connecting plate; 19. Two-degree-of-freedom hinge; 20. First base; 21. Second base; 22. Support frame; 23. Reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a further detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0027] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] According to this utility model patent, a three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for a horizontal machining center is provided, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, the assembly process is as follows: First, the base 7 is fixed to the worktable of the horizontal machining center with bolts to ensure that the bottom surface of the base 7 and the contact surface of the worktable are clean and free of impurities. The top surfaces of the base 7 near the support frame 22 are symmetrically welded with reinforcing ribs 23 to improve the overall structural rigidity. The surface of the base 7 located below the tool holder interface module 1 and the middle part of the mounting plate 6 are both hollowed out for lightweight treatment to reduce the impact of inertia on dynamic loading.

[0030] Secondly, the bottom surface of the mounting plate 6 is vertically connected to the center of the top surface of the base 7 by bolts. Support frames 22 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the lower part of the surface of the mounting plate 6 away from the connecting platform 4 to enhance the bending resistance of the mounting plate 6.

[0031] Then, the three branches 5 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the connecting platform 4, that is, evenly distributed at circumferential intervals of 120°; the assembly steps of each branch are as follows:

[0032] 1. Fix the servo electric cylinder 15 and the ball spline 16 between the first connecting plate 17 and the second connecting plate 18 with bolts to ensure that the axis of the servo electric cylinder 15 is parallel to the axis of the ball spline 16.

[0033] 2. Fix the first base 20 to the first connecting plate 17 with bolts, fix the second base 21 to the connecting platform 4 with bolts, and fix the second connecting plate 18 to the mounting plate 6 with bolts.

[0034] 3. Repeat the above steps to complete the installation of the three branches 5, and check whether the stroke of the servo electric cylinders 15 of each branch is synchronized.

[0035] Furthermore, the sensor dust cover 2 is fitted onto the end of the tool holder interface module 1 near the connecting platform 4, and locked to the connecting platform 4 by the dust cover pressure plate 3 to ensure the internal sealing of the dust cover; the connecting platform 4 forms a stable support structure with the mounting plate 6 through three branches 5.

[0036] Finally, install the tool holder at tool holder interface 8, insert the tool holder into the tool holder taper hole of the horizontal machining center spindle, and lock it in place using the pull stud mechanism.

[0037] The tool holder fixture 11 is fixed to the sealing end cap 14 by the anti-loosening round nut 12. The grease nipple 10 is installed on the outside of the tool holder fixture base 9, and grease is injected periodically to reduce frictional wear. The anti-loosening cover 13 is connected to the tool holder fixture 11 by bolts to prevent the tool holder from loosening when rotating at high speed.

[0038] Understandably, through the telescopic movement of the servo electric cylinders 15 on the three branches 5, combined with the degree-of-freedom characteristics of the two-degree-of-freedom hinge 19, static and dynamic loads are applied synchronously in the X, Y, and Z directions. The control system adjusts the displacement and output of the servo electric cylinders 15 on the three branches 5 according to a preset time-varying cutting force curve, simulating the radial, tangential, and axial forces during the actual cutting process. A triaxial force sensor is integrated inside the sensor dust cover 2 to monitor the amplitude and direction of the applied force in real time, feeding the data back to the control system to form a closed-loop adjustment, ensuring that the loading accuracy error is less than ±1.5%.

[0039] In one embodiment, this device can simulate triaxial static and dynamic forces of 0~2000N, with a frequency response range of 0~20Hz, meeting the testing requirements of high-speed cutting conditions. Figure 3 As shown, the servo electric cylinder 15 of branch 5 cooperates with the two-degree-of-freedom hinge 19 to effectively eliminate the interference of the degree of freedom in the non-load direction, and the dynamic response time is less than 10ms; the two-degree-of-freedom hinge 19 is preferably a Hooke hinge.

[0040] This invention provides a novel method for performance testing of horizontal machining centers. Through the spatial coordinated drive of three branches 5 and the constraint design of the Hooke hinge, it achieves high-precision triaxial force simulation of the horizontal machining center spindle under non-cutting conditions. Its modular structure significantly reduces installation complexity and maintenance costs, making it suitable for performance testing and process optimization of various machining center models.

[0041] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A horizontal machining center three-way static and dynamic force simulation loading device, characterized in that, It includes a tool holder interface module (1), a connecting platform (4) and three branches (5). The tool holder interface module (1) is connected to the spindle of the horizontal machining center by installing a tool holder. The three branches (5) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the connecting platform (4) and are connected to the connecting platform (4) by a mounting plate (6). The three branches (5) have the same structure. Each branch (5) includes a servo electric cylinder (15), a two-degree-of-freedom hinge (19), a first base (20), and a second base (21). The end of the two-degree-of-freedom hinge (19) near the servo electric cylinder (15) is rotatably connected to the first base (20), and the end of the two-degree-of-freedom hinge (19) away from the servo electric cylinder (15) is rotatably connected to the second base (21). The second base (21) is connected to the connecting platform (4) by bolts. The first base (20) is connected to the output end of the servo electric cylinder (15) by a connecting plate assembly.

2. The three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device of a horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sensor dust cover (2) and a dust cover pressure plate (3) are sequentially arranged along the axial direction between the tool holder interface module (1) and the connecting platform (4). The sensor dust cover (2) is installed at one end of the tool holder interface module (1) near the connecting platform (4) and is fixed to the connecting platform (4) by the dust cover pressure plate (3).

3. The three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device of a horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool holder interface module (1) includes a tool holder interface (8), a tool holder fixture (11), a tool holder fixture base (9), an oil injection nozzle (10), a lock-loosening round nut (12), a lock-loosening cap (13), and a sealing end cap (14). The tool holder interface (8) is installed in the middle of the tool holder fixture (11), the tool holder fixture base (9) is installed outside the tool holder fixture (11) and is connected to the sealing end cap (14) by bolts, the oil injection nozzle (10) is installed outside the tool holder fixture base (9), the anti-loosening round nut (12) is installed between the tool holder fixture (11) and the sealing end cap (14), and the anti-loosening cap (13) is connected to the tool holder fixture (11) by bolts.

4. The three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device of a horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting plate assembly includes a ball spline (16), a first connecting plate (17) and a second connecting plate (18). The first connecting plate (17) is bolted to the first base (20). The middle part of the second connecting plate (18) is bolted to the output end of the servo electric cylinder (15). The two ends of the second connecting plate (18) along its length are bolted to the mounting plate (6). The ball spline (16) is installed between the first connecting plate (17) and the second connecting plate (18).

5. The three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device of a horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a base (7), which is connected to the worktable of the horizontal machining center, and the bottom surface of the mounting plate (6) is bolted to the middle of the top surface of the base (7).

6. The three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for a horizontal machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that, Support frames (22) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the lower part of the surface of the mounting plate (6) away from the connecting platform (4).

7. A three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for a horizontal machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base (7) has symmetrical reinforcing ribs (23) installed on both sides of the top surface near the support frame (22).

8. A three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for a horizontal machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that, The surface of the base (7) located below the tool holder interface module (1) and the middle part of the mounting plate (6) are both designed with a hollowed-out shape.

9. A three-dimensional static and dynamic force simulation loading device for a horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-degree-of-freedom hinge (19) is a Hooke hinge.

Images