An ore material sorting machine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of material sorting, in particular to an ore material sorting machine, which comprises a box body, a conveying belt, a detection and sorting device and a controller, the conveying belt is arranged in the box body, a feeding port is arranged at the upper portion of the box body, the feeding port is used for conveying materials to the conveying belt, the detection and sorting device comprises an industrial camera, a classification assembly, an X-ray camera and a sorting assembly, the industrial camera is used for detecting the color and height of the materials, the classification assembly is used for classifying the materials according to the color of the materials, the X-ray camera is used for detecting the X-ray absorption degree of the materials, the controller is used for adjusting the ray intensity of the X-ray camera according to the height and color of the materials, meanwhile, the enrichment degree of an extracted element in the materials is calculated according to the X-ray absorption degree, and the sorting assembly is used for sorting the materials according to the enrichment degree of the extracted element. The application has the effect of improving the ore recognition precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of material sorting, and in particular to an ore material sorting machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of ore beneficiation, with the continuous development of technology, the efficient and accurate separation of concentrates and gangue from ores has become increasingly important. Effective ore beneficiation technology not only improves the utilization rate of mineral resources and reduces production costs, but also has positive implications for environmental protection. It helps reduce unnecessary mining and processing, thereby minimizing damage to the ecological environment. Traditional ore beneficiation methods have laid the foundation for the development of subsequent technologies and have also prompted researchers to continuously explore more advanced beneficiation methods.

[0003] Previously, two common methods were mainly used for ore sorting. One method is based on visible light image acquisition, which classifies different types of ores based on differences in surface features such as color and texture by acquiring the surface characteristics of the ore. The other method, which has been widely used in recent years, is based on X-ray transmission sorting. This method utilizes the different absorption capabilities of different substances for X-rays to form transmission images, thereby overcoming the deficiency of unclear surface features of ores in visible light imaging.

[0004] However, the sorting techniques in related technologies have significant drawbacks. For example, 2D cameras can only detect changes in the properties of the ore surface, and in actual sorting processes, the differences in surface properties of complex ores are relatively small. Furthermore, the ore surface is easily affected by environmental factors such as humidity, dust, and light, resulting in limited identification accuracy. While X-rays have the ability to penetrate ores, their penetration ability is affected by factors such as radiation intensity and ore thickness, leading to inaccurate identification results. Utility Model Content

[0005] To improve the accuracy of ore identification, this application provides an ore material sorting machine.

[0006] The ore material sorting machine provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A ore material sorting machine includes a housing, a conveyor belt, a detection and sorting device, and a controller. The conveyor belt is horizontally positioned within the housing along a first direction. Two parallel baffles, also positioned along the first direction, divide the conveyor belt's conveying surface into three equal-width transport channels: a first transport channel, a second transport channel, and a third transport channel. The conveyor belt is signal-connected to the controller. A feed inlet is fixedly located at the upper part of the housing, at the feed end of the conveyor belt, for conveying material into the first transport channel. The detection and sorting device includes an industrial camera and a sorting component. Both the industrial camera and the sorting component are signal-connected to the controller. The industrial camera is positioned within the housing near the third transport channel, with its shooting angle perpendicular to the first direction, for detecting the color and height of the material on the conveyor belt. The sorting component is positioned opposite the industrial camera and is used to sort the material in the first transport channel according to its color. The material is pushed to the second or third transport channel. The baffle is provided with a communication hole located at the connection between the industrial camera and the sorting component. The detection and sorting device also includes a concentrate recovery box, a gangue recovery box, an X-ray camera, and a sorting component. The X-ray camera and the sorting component are both signal-connected to the controller. The X-ray camera is located on the top wall of the box and is downstream of the industrial camera along the transport direction of the conveyor belt. The X-ray camera's shooting angle is vertically downward to detect the X-ray absorbance of the material on the conveyor belt. The controller is used to adjust the X-ray intensity of the X-ray camera according to the material height and color detected by the industrial camera. The controller is also used to calculate the enrichment degree of the element to be extracted in the material based on the detection result of the X-ray camera. The sorting component is used to transport the material leaving the conveyor belt to the concentrate recovery box or the gangue recovery box according to the calculation result of the controller.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, an industrial camera is used to detect the color and height of the material, and an X-ray camera is used to detect the X-ray absorbance of the material. This combination of visual judgment and X-ray transmission imaging improves the accuracy of ore identification. The controller adjusts the X-ray intensity of the X-ray camera according to the material height and color detected by the industrial camera, effectively avoiding inaccurate identification caused by ore type and thickness. Three transport channels and communication holes are set up to facilitate the classified transport of different types of materials. The classification component can initially classify the material according to its color, and the sorting component can further classify the material according to the enrichment of the element to be extracted, and send it to the concentrate recovery box or gangue recovery box to achieve ore sorting.

[0009] Optionally, the sorting component includes a drive unit and a push plate, wherein the drive unit is fixed to the housing and its output end is connected to the push plate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the sorting component uses a structure in which a drive unit drives a pusher plate, which can push the material in the first transport channel to the second or third transport channel. During the pushing process, the controller can control the conveyor belt to pause, which helps to achieve preliminary sorting of materials.

[0011] Optionally, the detection and sorting device further includes an illumination assembly, which includes supplementary lights arranged circumferentially around the industrial camera and a back plate located on the push plate near the conveyor belt.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the supplementary light can optimize the shooting light conditions of the industrial camera, enabling the industrial camera to detect the color and height of the material more clearly. The backplate also helps to improve the shooting effect, thereby improving the accuracy of detecting the color and height of the material. Combined with subsequent operations such as adjusting the X-ray camera's radiation intensity using this detection data, the accuracy of ore identification can be further improved.

[0013] Optionally, the back panel is white.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, using a white backplate can further improve the clarity and accuracy of industrial camera images and enhance the precision of color detection.

[0015] Optionally, the sorting assembly includes a slide rail, a toggle motor, a rotating shaft, and multiple toggle teeth arranged inclined downward along the first direction. The slide rail includes multiple guide rods, which are fixedly connected to the housing. The rotating shaft is located at one end of the slide rail near the conveyor belt and is connected to the output shaft of the toggle motor. The toggle teeth are staggered with the guide rods and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The distance between the rotating shaft and the discharge end of the conveyor belt is equal to the length of the toggle teeth.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the actuating teeth can move the material leaving the conveyor belt to the slide rail, or leave the material leaving the conveyor belt unprocessed, allowing the material to fall naturally.

[0017] Optionally, the gangue recovery box is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt, and the concentrate recovery box is located at the discharge end of the slide rail.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, placing the gangue recovery box at the conveyor belt discharge end and the concentrate recovery box at the slide rail discharge end allows for a reasonable recovery layout. When the agitator teeth do not process the material leaving the conveyor belt, the material can fall naturally into the gangue recovery box. When the agitator teeth move the material leaving the conveyor belt to the slide rail, the material can slide along the slide rail and fall naturally into the concentrate recovery box. Since the height of the slide rail discharge end is lower than that of the conveyor belt discharge end, the damage to the material is less. Therefore, the concentrate recovery box is placed at the slide rail discharge end.

[0019] Optionally, the gangue recycling bin is provided with two gangue partition plates, which are used to divide the gangue recycling bin into a first gangue recycling area, a second gangue recycling area and a third gangue recycling area; the concentrate recycling bin is provided with two concentrate partition plates, which are used to divide the concentrate recycling bin into a first concentrate recycling area, a second concentrate recycling area and a third concentrate recycling area.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the gangue recovery box and the concentrate recovery box are divided into partitions, which facilitates the classification, storage and management of different types of gangue and concentrate.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. Combining the visual judgment of industrial cameras with the transmission imaging of X-ray cameras can improve the accuracy of ore identification;

[0023] 2. The controller adjusts the X-ray intensity of the X-ray camera based on the material height and color detected by the industrial camera, which can effectively avoid inaccurate identification caused by ore thickness. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ore material sorting machine provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ore material sorting machine provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Box body; 101-Feed inlet; 2-Conveyor belt; 201-First transport channel; 202-Second transport channel; 203-Third transport channel; 3-Baffle; 4-Industrial camera; 5-Electric push rod; 6-Push plate; 7-Concentrate recovery box; 8-Gangite recovery box; 9-X-ray camera; 10-Slide rail; 11-Actuating motor; 12-Rotating shaft; 13-Actuating gear. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2This application will be described in further detail.

[0028] This application discloses an ore material sorting machine.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ore material sorting machine includes a housing 1, a conveyor belt 2, a detection and sorting device, and a controller. The conveyor belt 2 is horizontally positioned within the housing 1 along a first direction. The housing 1 contains two parallel baffles 3 positioned along the first direction, which divide the conveyor surface of the conveyor belt 2 into three equal-width transport channels: a first transport channel 201, a second transport channel 202, and a third transport channel 203. The conveyor belt 2 is signal-connected to the controller, enabling the controller to control the operation of the conveyor belt 2 and ensure the orderly progress of the entire sorting process. A feed inlet 101 is fixedly installed at the upper part of the housing 1, located at the feed end of the conveyor belt 2, to deliver material to the first transport channel 201, ensuring the material smoothly enters the sorting stage. This layout rationally plans the initial flow path of the material, laying the foundation for subsequent detection and sorting.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the detection and sorting device includes an industrial camera 4 and a sorting component. Both the industrial camera 4 and the sorting component are connected to the controller signal. The industrial camera 4 is located inside the housing 1 on one side near the third transport channel 203. The shooting angle of the industrial camera 4 is perpendicular to the first direction and is used to detect the color and height of the material located on the conveyor belt 2. The sorting component is located on the opposite side of the industrial camera 4. The sorting component is used to push the material in the first transport channel 201 to the second transport channel 202 or the third transport channel 203 according to the color of the material. The baffle 3 is provided with a communication hole, which is located at the connection position between the industrial camera 4 and the sorting component.

[0031] An industrial camera typically consists of a lens, an image sensor, and an image processor. Lenses can be selected with different focal lengths and apertures to accommodate varying shooting distances and field of view. The image sensor can be either a CCD or a CMOS sensor. CCD sensors offer high sensitivity but are more expensive; CMOS sensors have low power consumption, high integration, and are relatively cheaper.

[0032] Specifically, the sorting component includes a drive unit and a pusher plate 6. The drive unit is fixed to the housing 1 and its output end is connected to the pusher plate 6. In this embodiment, the drive unit is an electric push rod 5. The electric push rod 5 drives the pusher plate 6 to move back and forth. When the industrial camera 4 detects that the material color meets specific conditions, it transmits a signal to the controller. The controller controls the electric push rod 5 to move, driving the pusher plate 6 to push the material from the first transport channel 201 to the corresponding transport channel, or it can not control the electric push rod 5, allowing the material to remain in the first transport channel 201. This collaborative work of the industrial camera 4 and the sorting component achieves preliminary classification based on material color, improving sorting efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to improve detection accuracy, the detection and sorting device may also include an illumination assembly, which includes supplementary lights arranged around the industrial camera 4 and a back plate located on the push plate 6 near the conveyor belt 2.

[0034] The supplementary lights are positioned around the industrial camera 4 to provide ample and uniform light, reducing the impact of shadows on the shooting effect and enabling the industrial camera 4 to more clearly detect the color and height of materials. LED lights can be selected for the supplementary lights, offering advantages such as low energy consumption, long lifespan, and high luminous efficiency. The backplate also contributes to improved shooting results; a white backplate further enhances the accuracy of material color and height detection. Combined with subsequent adjustments to the X-ray intensity of the X-ray camera 9 using this detection data, the accuracy of ore identification is further improved.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the detection and sorting device also includes a concentrate recovery box 7, a gangue recovery box 8, an X-ray camera 9, and a sorting assembly. Both the X-ray camera 9 and the sorting assembly are connected to the controller via signals. The X-ray camera 9 is located on the top wall inside the box 1. The X-ray camera 9 is located downstream of the industrial camera 4 along the transmission direction of the conveyor belt 2. The shooting angle of the X-ray camera 9 is vertically downward to detect the X-ray absorbance of the material located on the conveyor belt 2. The controller is used to adjust the radiation intensity of the X-ray camera 9 according to the material height and color detected by the industrial camera 4. The controller is also used to calculate the enrichment degree of the element to be extracted in the material based on the detection result of the X-ray camera 9. The sorting assembly is used to transport the material leaving the conveyor belt 2 to the concentrate recovery box 7 or the gangue recovery box 8 according to the calculation result of the controller.

[0036] The X-ray camera 9 consists of an X-ray tube and a detector. The X-ray tube generates X-rays, the detector performs X-ray imaging of the material, and transmits the image to the controller. The controller adjusts the X-ray intensity of the X-ray camera 9 based on the material height and color detected by the industrial camera 4, because materials of different heights and colors may have different absorption capacities for X-rays; adjusting the X-ray intensity can improve the accuracy of detection.

[0037] By utilizing industrial camera 4 to detect the material's color and height, and X-ray camera 9 to detect the material's X-ray absorbance, visual judgment is combined with X-ray transmission imaging, improving the accuracy of ore identification. The controller adjusts the X-ray intensity of X-ray camera 9 based on the material's height and color detected by industrial camera 4, effectively avoiding inaccurate identification due to ore type and thickness. Three transport channels and communication holes facilitate the classified transport of different types of materials. The classification component allows for preliminary classification of materials based on color, and the sorting component further classifies materials according to the enrichment of the elements to be extracted, transferring them to concentrate recovery box 7 or gangue recovery box 8, thus achieving ore sorting.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the sorting assembly includes a slide rail 10 inclined downward along a first direction, a toggle motor 11, a rotating shaft 12, and multiple toggle teeth 13. The slide rail 10 includes multiple guide rods, which are fixedly connected to the housing 1. The rotating shaft 12 is located at one end of the slide rail 10 near the conveyor belt 2 and is connected to the output shaft of the toggle motor 11. The toggle teeth 13 are staggered with the guide rods and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 12. The distance between the rotating shaft 12 and the discharge end of the conveyor belt 2 is equal to the length of the toggle teeth 13.

[0039] The actuating tooth 13, under the action of the actuating motor 11, can point to the output end of the conveyor belt 2, thereby guiding the material leaving the conveyor belt 2 to the slide rail 10. Then, under the action of the drive motor, it rotates and actuates the material, causing it to slide down along the slide rail 10. The actuating tooth 13 can also leave the material leaving the conveyor belt 2 unprocessed, allowing the material to fall naturally.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the gangue recovery box 8 is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt 2, and the concentrate recovery box 7 is located at the discharge end of the slide rail 10.

[0041] Placing the gangue recovery box 8 at the discharge end of the conveyor belt 2 and the concentrate recovery box 7 at the discharge end of the slide rail 10 allows for a reasonable recycling layout. When the agitator 13 does not process the material leaving the conveyor belt 2, the material can fall naturally into the gangue recovery box 8. When the agitator 13 moves the material leaving the conveyor belt 2 to the slide rail 10, the material can slide along the slide rail 10 and fall naturally into the concentrate recovery box 7. Since the height of the discharge end of the slide rail 10 is lower than that of the discharge end of the conveyor belt 2, the damage to the material is smaller. Therefore, the concentrate recovery box 7 is placed at the discharge end of the slide rail 10.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to avoid mixing different types of gangue or concentrate in the gangue recycling bin 8 or the concentrate recycling bin 7, the gangue recycling bin 8 may be equipped with two gangue partitions to divide it into a first gangue recycling area, a second gangue recycling area, and a third gangue recycling area. Similarly, the concentrate recycling bin 7 may be equipped with two concentrate partitions to divide it into a first concentrate recycling area, a second concentrate recycling area, and a third concentrate recycling area. The gangue recycling bin 8 and the concentrate recycling bin 7 are separated by partitions, facilitating the classification, storage, and management of different types of gangue and concentrate.

[0043] The implementation principle of an ore material sorting machine according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: The ore material sorting machine combines the visual judgment of an industrial camera 4 with the transmission imaging of an X-ray camera 9. First, the industrial camera 4 detects the color and height of the material to achieve preliminary classification based on color. Then, the X-ray camera 9 detects the X-ray absorbance of the material, adjusts the X-ray intensity according to the material height and color to improve detection accuracy, and calculates the enrichment of the elements to be extracted for final sorting. This method overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies where 2D cameras are greatly affected by the environment and the X-ray penetration ability is affected by the thickness of the ore. It improves the accuracy of ore identification, effectively avoids the problem of inaccurate identification caused by ore thickness, and improves the efficiency and quality of ore sorting. This is of great significance for the effective utilization of mineral resources and cost reduction.

[0044] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An ore material sorting machine, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1), a conveyor belt (2), a detection and sorting device, and a controller. The conveyor belt (2) is horizontally positioned inside the housing (1) along a first direction. The housing (1) contains two parallel baffles (3) positioned along the first direction. The baffles (3) divide the conveying surface of the conveyor belt (2) into three equal-width transport channels: a first transport channel (201), a second transport channel (202), and a third transport channel (203). The conveyor belt (2) is signal-connected to the controller. A feed inlet (101) is fixedly positioned on the upper part of the housing (1) and is located on the conveyor belt. The feed end of (2) is used to convey materials to the first conveyor belt (201). The detection and sorting device includes an industrial camera (4) and a sorting component. Both the industrial camera (4) and the sorting component are connected to the controller signal. The industrial camera (4) is located inside the housing (1) on the side near the third conveyor belt (203). The shooting angle of the industrial camera (4) is perpendicular to the first direction and is used to detect the color and height of the materials located on the conveyor belt (2). The sorting component is located on the opposite side of the industrial camera (4). The sorting component is used to sort the materials according to their color. The material in the transport channel (201) is pushed to the second transport channel (202) or the third transport channel (203). The baffle (3) is provided with a communication hole, which is located at the connection position between the industrial camera (4) and the sorting component. The detection and sorting device also includes a concentrate recovery box (7), a gangue recovery box (8), an X-ray camera (9), and a sorting component. The X-ray camera (9) and the sorting component are both connected to the controller signal. The X-ray camera (9) is located on the top wall inside the box (1). The X-ray camera (9) is located along the transport channel (203) of the industrial camera (4). Downstream of the conveyor belt (2), the X-ray camera (9) is positioned vertically downwards to detect the X-ray absorbance of the material located on the conveyor belt (2). The controller is used to adjust the X-ray intensity of the X-ray camera (9) based on the material height and color detected by the industrial camera (4). The controller is also used to calculate the enrichment of the element to be extracted in the material based on the detection result of the X-ray camera (9). The sorting component is used to transport the material leaving the conveyor belt (2) to the concentrate recovery box (7) or the gangue recovery box (8) based on the calculation result of the controller.

2. The ore material sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting component includes a drive unit and a push plate (6), wherein the drive unit is fixed to the housing (1) and its output end is connected to the push plate (6).

3. The ore material sorting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection and sorting device also includes an illumination assembly, which includes a supplementary light arranged around the industrial camera (4) and a back plate located on the side of the push plate (6) near the conveyor belt (2).

4. The ore material sorting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The back panel is white.

5. The ore material sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting assembly includes a slide rail (10) inclined downward along the first direction, a toggle motor (11), a rotating shaft (12), and a plurality of toggle teeth (13). The slide rail (10) includes a plurality of guide rods, which are fixedly connected to the housing (1). The rotating shaft (12) is located at one end of the slide rail (10) near the conveyor belt (2) and is connected to the output shaft of the toggle motor (11). The toggle teeth (13) are staggered with the guide rods and are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (12). The distance between the rotating shaft (12) and the discharge end of the conveyor belt (2) is equal to the length of the toggle teeth (13).

6. The ore material sorting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gangue recovery box (8) is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt (2), and the concentrate recovery box (7) is located at the discharge end of the slide rail (10).

7. The ore material sorting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gangue recycling box (8) is provided with two gangue partition plates, which are used to divide the gangue recycling box (8) into a first gangue recycling area, a second gangue recycling area and a third gangue recycling area; the concentrate recycling box (7) is provided with two concentrate partition plates, which are used to divide the concentrate recycling box (7) into a first concentrate recycling area, a second concentrate recycling area and a third concentrate recycling area.

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