Cutting nozzle assembly and laser processing apparatus

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cutting nozzle assembly and laser processing equipment relates to laser processing technical field, wherein, cutting nozzle assembly includes main part structure and nozzle inner core, and main part structure includes cutting nozzle main part and fixing piece, is equipped with the first pass -through of axial in cutting nozzle main part, and cutting nozzle main part includes first connecting section, and first pass -through penetrates first connecting section, the fixing piece is set up in first connecting section, and the fixing piece includes limit bottom wall, and limit bottom wall is equipped with with first pass -through intercommunication's installation mouth, and the cross -section area of installation mouth is less than the cross -section area of first pass -through located first connecting section part, nozzle inner core is movably arranged in first pass -through, and nozzle inner core includes the cylinder and the apron that are connected, and apron and at least partial cylinder are located in first pass -through, and apron is used for with limit bottom wall abut, to limit nozzle inner core and separate first pass -through, the technical scheme of the present application can reduce gas escape in the laser processing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a cutting nozzle assembly and a laser processing device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser processing equipment is a type of equipment that uses laser as a processing medium to achieve processing purposes such as laser cutting, laser welding, laser marking, and laser engraving.

[0003] In laser processing, protective gases are required. Commonly used gases include nitrogen, air, and oxygen. Their main functions are to protect the cutting surface, dissipate heat, and blow away residue from the weld. To prevent direct collision damage between the cutting nozzle and the material, a gap is usually maintained between the laser cutting nozzle and the material. However, this causes a large portion of the gas to escape along the gap, resulting in only a small amount of gas flowing to the cutting position. Consequently, higher gas pressure and flow rate are required to meet the operational needs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a cutting nozzle assembly and laser processing equipment, which aims to reduce gas escape during laser processing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a cutting nozzle assembly comprising:

[0006] The main structure includes a cutting nozzle body and a fixing component. The cutting nozzle body has an axially penetrating first channel. The cutting nozzle body includes a first connecting section, and the first channel passes through the first connecting section.

[0007] The fastener is sleeved on the first connecting section. The fastener includes a limiting bottom wall. The limiting bottom wall is provided with an installation port communicating with the first channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the installation port is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel located in the first connecting section.

[0008] The nozzle inner core is movably disposed in the first channel. The nozzle inner core includes a connected cylindrical body and a skirt. The skirt and at least a portion of the cylindrical body are located within the first channel. The skirt is used to abut against the limiting bottom wall to prevent the nozzle inner core from disengaging from the first channel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the outer side wall of the first connecting segment is provided with a first thread, and the inner side wall of the fastener is provided with a second thread. The second thread is connected to the first thread so that the fastener is sleeved on the first connecting segment.

[0010] In one embodiment, the cutting nozzle body has a stepped surface, which is disposed opposite to the limiting bottom wall along the movement direction of the nozzle core, and the skirt is movably disposed between the stepped surface and the limiting bottom wall.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first channel includes an axially connected first sub-channel and a second sub-channel, the second sub-channel being located above the first sub-channel and having a smaller cross-sectional dimension than the first sub-channel, the stepped surface being located at the connection between the first sub-channel and the second sub-channel, and the skirt and at least a portion of the cylinder being located within the first sub-channel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cutting nozzle body further includes a second connecting section and a protective plate. The second connecting section is located above the first connecting section and is used to connect to a laser device. The first channel passes through the second connecting section and the first connecting section.

[0013] The protective plate is located between the second connecting section and the first connecting section, and is arranged around the second connecting section in a circumferential manner.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second connecting segment is provided with a third thread, and the laser device is provided with a fourth thread. The third thread is connected to the fourth thread to fix the second connecting segment to the laser device.

[0015] In one embodiment, the nozzle core is made of high-frequency insulating ceramic and / or hexagonal boron nitride.

[0016] In one embodiment, when the material of the nozzle core includes high-frequency insulating ceramic, the chemical composition of the high-frequency insulating ceramic includes at least magnesium oxide, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and the proportion of aluminum oxide is 10% to 15%.

[0017] In one embodiment, the Mohs hardness of the nozzle core does not exceed 3;

[0018] And / or, the nozzle core is made of an insulating material;

[0019] And / or, the dielectric constant of the nozzle core does not exceed 8;

[0020] And / or, the surface of the main structure is made of a conductive material.

[0021] In one embodiment, the fastener includes a first part and a second part. The first part is provided with the first thread to be sleeved on the first connecting section. The second part is provided with a conical portion and a limiting bottom wall. The limiting bottom wall is located between the conical portion and the first part. Along the direction away from the first part, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical portion gradually decreases. The connection between the first part and the limiting bottom wall is arc-shaped.

[0022] And / or, the diameter of the opening at the end of the nozzle core furthest from the skirt does not exceed 5 mm.

[0023] This application also proposes a laser processing device, including a device body and the aforementioned cutting nozzle assembly. The device body includes a laser device, the main structure of the cutting nozzle assembly is provided with a third thread, the laser device is provided with a fourth thread, and the main structure of the cutting nozzle assembly is connected to the light outlet of the laser device via the third thread and the fourth thread.

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model includes a main structure and a nozzle core that can rise and fall relative to the main structure in the cutting nozzle assembly. The skirt and part of the cylinder of the nozzle core are set in the first channel of the main structure, and the nozzle core can rise and fall relative to the main structure. With this arrangement, during laser processing, gas is directly ejected from the nozzle core, eliminating the need for additional sleeves or other structures on the outside of the main structure to ensure gas pressure. Furthermore, no turbulence is generated internally, resulting in better cutting performance. The nozzle core can naturally abut against the surface of the workpiece under its own gravity, preventing the protective gas from escaping from the gap between the main structure and the workpiece, thus improving the utilization rate of the protective gas. This allows for the removal of welding slag, heat dissipation, and protection of the processing position with lower gas pressure and airflow. Simultaneously, the blowing direction of the protective gas is the same as the downward direction of the nozzle core, ensuring stable contact between the nozzle core and the workpiece under the influence of gravity and gas pressure. Furthermore, the built-in nozzle core allows for a relatively small nozzle core size within the main structure. Under the same air pressure, the pressure exerted by the nozzle core on the workpiece is lower. The nozzle core can also retract into the first channel relative to the main structure, maintaining contact with the workpiece without applying excessive pressure, thus preventing material deformation and ensuring optimal processing. This allows the cutting nozzle assembly to be used for processing thinner materials and avoids scratching the workpiece. The smaller nozzle core also allows for a smaller kerf distance, preventing the cutting nozzle assembly from pressing against adjacent kerfs or notches, thus avoiding air leakage and ensuring a better cutting result. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the cutting nozzle assembly provided by this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram showing the spacing between the cutting nozzle assembly and the processed material.

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Diagram showing the contact state between the cutting nozzle assembly and the processed material;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Exploded view of the cutting nozzle assembly.

[0030] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0031] 100. Cutting nozzle assembly; 1. Main structure; 11. Cutting nozzle body; 12. Fixing component; 121. First part; 122. Second part; 13. Second connecting section; 14. First connecting section; 15. Protective plate; 16. First channel; 161. Second sub-channel; 162. First sub-channel; 17. Limiting bottom wall; 171. Mounting port; 18. Stepped surface;

[0032] 2. Nozzle inner core; 21. Cylinder body; 211. Second channel; 22. Skirt; 200. Processing material.

[0033] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0037] Laser processing equipment is a type of equipment that uses laser as a processing medium to achieve processing purposes such as laser cutting, laser welding, laser marking, and laser engraving.

[0038] In laser processing, protective gases are required. Commonly used gases include nitrogen, air, and oxygen. Their main functions are to protect the cutting surface, dissipate heat, and blow away residue from the weld. To prevent direct collision damage between the cutting nozzle and the material, a gap is usually maintained between the laser cutting nozzle and the material. However, this causes a large portion of the gas to escape along the gap, resulting in only a small amount of gas flowing to the cutting position. Consequently, higher gas pressure and flow rate are required to meet the operational needs.

[0039] Based on the above problems, this utility model proposes a cutting nozzle assembly 100.

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 3In one embodiment of this utility model, the cutting nozzle assembly 100 includes a main structure 1 and a nozzle core 2. The main structure 1 includes a cutting nozzle body 11 and a fixing member 12. The cutting nozzle body 11 is provided with an axially penetrating first channel 16. The cutting nozzle body 11 includes a first connecting section 14. The first channel 16 passes through the first connecting section 14. The fixing member 12 is sleeved on the first connecting section 14. The fixing member 12 includes a limiting bottom wall 17. The limiting bottom wall is provided with an installation port 171 communicating with the first channel 16. The cross-sectional area of ​​the installation port 171 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 16 located in the first connecting section 14. The nozzle core 2 is movably disposed in the first channel 16. The nozzle core 2 includes a connected cylindrical body 21 and a skirt 22. The skirt 22 and at least a portion of the cylindrical body 21 are located in the first channel 16. The skirt 22 is used to abut against the limiting bottom wall 17 to restrict the nozzle core 2 from detaching from the first channel 16.

[0041] The cutting nozzle assembly 100 proposed in this application can be applied in laser processing equipment. The main body of the laser processing equipment typically includes a frame serving as a support base, and a laser device for emitting laser light, which can be a laser head or a laser welding gun. A loading platform for carrying the processing material 200 is provided in the frame, and the laser device is located above the loading platform, capable of emitting laser light onto the processing material 200 on the loading platform for laser welding, laser cutting, laser engraving, and laser marking, among other laser processing operations. When the cutting nozzle assembly 100 of this application is applied in the laser processing equipment, the cutting nozzle assembly 100 is installed at the light outlet of the laser device. The second channel 211 formed in the cutting nozzle assembly 100 is coaxially arranged with the light outlet of the laser device, so that the laser light emitted from the laser device can be emitted downwards through the second channel 211 of the cutting nozzle assembly 100 to the loading platform. In addition, the laser processing equipment is also equipped with a blowing module, which is connected to the second channel 211 of the cutting nozzle assembly 100. The protective gas driven by the blowing module can be sprayed downward through the second channel 211 of the cutting nozzle assembly 100 to blow towards the processing position, so as to achieve coaxiality of light and gas. The protective gas can be used to blow away impurities (such as welding slag or debris) at the processing position, and can also dissipate heat at the processing position and avoid problems such as welding slag splashing and oxidation of the processing surface.

[0042] The cutting nozzle assembly 100 includes a main structure 1 and a nozzle core 2. The main structure 1 has a first channel 16 extending through both ends along the axial direction. When the cutting nozzle assembly 100 is used in a laser processing equipment, the main structure 1 is used to connect to the laser device, and the first channel 16 is coaxially arranged with the light outlet of the laser device. The main structure 1 also includes a limiting bottom wall 17 at the bottom end, which has an installation port 171 communicating with the first channel 16. The nozzle core 2 includes a cylinder 21 and a skirt 22. Part of the cylinder 21 and the skirt 22 are arranged in the first channel 16 of the main structure 1, and the nozzle core 2 can be raised and lowered relative to the main structure 1. The cylinder 21 has a second channel 211 extending through both ends along the axial direction, which can be used to pass laser and gas. When the nozzle core 2 is lowered to the lowest position relative to the main structure 1, the skirt 22 abuts against the limiting bottom wall 17 of the main structure 1 to prevent the nozzle core 2 from completely detaching from the main structure 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the main structure 1 is formed by combining the cutting nozzle body 11 and the fixing member 12. The cutting nozzle body 11 is provided with a first channel 16, and the fixing member 12 is sleeved on the bottom end of the cutting nozzle body 11 and detachably connected to the cutting nozzle body 11. This arrangement facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the nozzle core 2. When the cutting nozzle assembly 100 is applied to a laser processing equipment, the nozzle core 2 can be disassembled and assembled by removing the fixing member 12 without having to separate the cutting nozzle body 11 from the laser device, thus improving ease of use.

[0044] Optionally, the detachable connection between the fastener 12 and the cutting nozzle body 11 can be, but is not limited to, threaded connection, interference fit or snap-fit, etc., and is not limited here.

[0045] When the cutting nozzle assembly 100 is applied to a laser processing device, during laser processing, the main body structure 1 descends to the cutting position along with the laser device. A certain gap is provided between the main body structure 1 and the processing material 200, and the nozzle core 2 naturally abuts against the surface of the processing material 200 under its own gravity. It should be noted that during specific processing, the cutting nozzle assembly 100 rises and falls with the laser device to a preset height position. This height position is determined according to processing requirements, so that the laser focus is above the surface of the processing material 200, or the laser focus is on the surface of the processing material 200, or the laser focus is below the surface of the processing material 200. At this time, if... Figure 3As shown, the nozzle core 2 can retract into the axial second channel 16 relative to the main structure, thereby maintaining the required distance between the main structure 1 and the processing material 200 while ensuring that the nozzle core 2 always abuts against the surface of the processing material 200. This prevents the protective gas from escaping outward from the gap between the main structure 1 and the processing material 200. Furthermore, the blowing direction of the protective gas is the same as the downward direction of the nozzle core 2, allowing the nozzle core 2 to stably abut against the processing material 200 under the action of gravity and gas pressure. By using a built-in nozzle core 2, the size of the nozzle core 2 is relatively small. Under the same blowing pressure, the pressure exerted by the nozzle core 2 on the processing material 200 will also be smaller, thus avoiding excessive pressure on the processing material 200.

[0046] In other words, using the cutting nozzle assembly 100 of this application, gas is directly ejected from the nozzle inner core 2, eliminating the need for additional sleeves or other structures on the outside of the main structure 1 to ensure gas pressure. Furthermore, no turbulence is generated internally, resulting in better cutting performance. The nozzle inner core 2 can naturally abut against the surface of the processing material 200 under its own gravity; this reduces or avoids the escape of protective gas during laser processing, improving the utilization rate of the protective gas. Thus, it can achieve the purposes of removing welding slag, heat dissipation, and protecting the processing position with lower gas pressure and airflow. Simultaneously, the blowing direction of the protective gas is the same as the downward direction of the nozzle inner core 2, allowing the nozzle inner core 2 to stably abut against the processing material 200 under the action of gravity and gas pressure. Furthermore, the use of a built-in nozzle core 2 allows for a relatively small size of the nozzle core 2 inserted into the main structure 1. Under the same blowing pressure, the pressure exerted by the nozzle core 2 on the processing material 200 is also lower, preventing excessive pressure on the processing material 200 and thus avoiding deformation of the processing material 200 that would affect the processing effect. This allows the cutting nozzle assembly 100 to be used in processing thinner processing materials 200, and also avoids scratching the processing material 200. The smaller size of the nozzle core 2 allows for a relatively smaller kerf distance, preventing the cutting nozzle assembly 100 from pressing on adjacent kerfs or notches, thereby avoiding air leakage that would affect the cutting effect.

[0047] Optionally, when processing materials 200 with relatively low appearance requirements, the nozzle core 2 can be made of wear-resistant materials, such as alumina ceramic or MgO-SiO2 high-frequency magnetic ceramic, which helps reduce wear on the nozzle core 2 and improve its service life. However, for plates with higher appearance requirements and lower hardness (such as aluminum or copper), the nozzle core 2 can be made of materials with lower hardness, such as hexagonal boron nitride, to avoid scratching the processed material 200.

[0048] Please refer to the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 4In one embodiment, the outer side wall of the first connecting segment 14 is provided with a first thread, and the inner side wall of the fixing member 12 is provided with a second thread. The second thread is connected to the first thread so that the fixing member 12 is sleeved on the first connecting segment 14. In this arrangement, the fixing member 12 is threadedly connected to the cutting nozzle body 11, and the fixing member 12 and the cutting nozzle body 11 have high connection strength and good stability, and are easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 4 In one embodiment, the skirt 22 is arranged around the circumference of the cylinder 21.

[0050] In this embodiment, by making the skirt 22 surround the cylinder 21, the contact area between the nozzle core 2 and the main structure 1 can be increased, and the mass and gravity of the nozzle core 2 at different positions in its circumference can be balanced, thus avoiding the nozzle core 2 from tilting during the lifting and lowering process.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, the outer wall of the skirt 22 is attached to the inner wall of the main structure 1.

[0052] In this embodiment, the skirt 22 of the nozzle core 2 is attached to the inner wall of the main structure 1. This arrangement can isolate the space on the side of the skirt 22 facing the limiting bottom wall 17 from the space on the side of the skirt 22 facing away from the limiting bottom wall 17. In specific applications, the gas blown to the nozzle core 2 through the first channel 16 will not enter the space on the side of the skirt 22 facing the limiting bottom wall 17, thus avoiding the generation of large air pressure in the space on the side of the skirt 22 facing the limiting bottom wall 17, which would cause the nozzle core 2 to rise under the action of air pressure, and ensuring that the nozzle core 2 can contact the processing material 200.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, the outer side wall of the first connecting section 14 is provided with a first thread, and the inner side wall of the fixing member 12 is provided with a second thread. The second thread is connected to the first thread so that the fixing member 12 is sleeved on the first connecting section 14. The cutting nozzle body 11 is provided with a stepped surface 18. Along the movement direction of the nozzle inner core 2, the stepped surface 18 is opposite to the limiting bottom wall 17, and the skirt 22 is movably disposed between the stepped surface 18 and the limiting bottom wall 17.

[0054] The first channel 16 includes an axially connected first sub-channel 162 and a second sub-channel 161. The second sub-channel 161 is located above the first sub-channel 162, and the cross-sectional dimension of the second sub-channel 161 is smaller than that of the first sub-channel 162. The stepped surface is located at the connection between the first sub-channel 162 and the second sub-channel 161. The skirt 22 and at least part of the cylinder 21 are located inside the first sub-channel 162.

[0055] In this embodiment, a second sub-channel 161 and a first sub-channel 162 are formed in the main structure 1, which are axially connected. The mounting port 171 is located at the end of the first sub-channel 162 away from the second sub-channel 161. The cross-sectional dimension of the second sub-channel 161 is smaller than that of the first sub-channel 162, so that a stepped surface 18 facing the first sub-channel 162 is formed at the connection position of the second sub-channel 161 and the first sub-channel 162. The skirt 22 and part of the cylinder 21 of the nozzle core 2 are disposed in the first sub-channel 162. The skirt 22 is located between the stepped surface 18 and the limiting bottom wall 17, which can better limit the range of motion of the skirt 22 and prevent the nozzle core 2 from falling out of the first channel 16 from the upper opening of the main structure 1. Optionally, the main structure 1 can be configured as an assembly consisting of a cutting nozzle body 11 and a fixing member 12. The nozzle core 2 can be disassembled and assembled by removing the fixing member 12.

[0056] In one embodiment, the Mohs hardness of the nozzle core 2 does not exceed 3.

[0057] In this embodiment, a nozzle core 2 with a Mohs hardness not exceeding 3 is used. When the nozzle core 2 contacts and moves relative to the processing material 200, its low hardness prevents wear on the material 200, resulting in only minor, inconspicuous scratches. This avoids affecting the appearance of the finished product and ensures processing quality. Optionally, the nozzle core 2 can be made of hexagonal boron nitride ceramic, hexagonal silicon nitride and silicon nitride composite ceramic, or hexagonal silicon nitride and aluminum nitride composite ceramic. The Mohs hardness of the nozzle core 2 can be set to any value of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, or not exceeding 3.

[0058] In one embodiment, the nozzle core 2 is made of high-frequency insulating ceramic and / or hexagonal boron nitride.

[0059] In this embodiment, the material of the nozzle core 2 may include high-frequency insulating ceramic, which may include, but is not limited to, at least one material such as magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, and silicon dioxide. For example, it may be set as MgO-SiO2 (magnesium oxide-silicon dioxide) high-frequency ceramic. Specifically, the chemical composition of the high-frequency insulating ceramic includes at least magnesium oxide, silicon dioxide, and aluminum oxide, wherein the proportion of aluminum oxide is 10% to 15%.

[0060] In addition, the nozzle core 2 is made of hexagonal boron nitride, which has low hardness and good self-lubricating properties.

[0061] Through the embodiments of this application, since the material of the nozzle core 2 includes high-frequency insulating ceramic and / or hexagonal boron nitride, it can have a self-lubricating and anti-friction effect when the nozzle core 2 contacts and moves relative to the processing material 200, thus effectively avoiding scratches and wear on the processing material 200. Furthermore, high-frequency insulating ceramic and hexagonal boron nitride do not adhere to metal, so the nozzle core 2 will not accumulate slag when processing metal materials. Even if slag does accumulate, it will not affect the calibration and follow-up accuracy, thus avoiding impact on processing quality due to slag accumulation in the nozzle core 2. In addition, in some embodiments, the laser processing equipment can detect the distance between the main structure 1 and the processing material 200 by detecting the capacitance value between them. High-frequency insulating ceramic and hexagonal boron nitride also have good insulation properties and low dielectric constants, and will not affect capacitance distance measurement. The nozzle core 2 can be made of hexagonal boron nitride ceramic or a composite material of hexagonal boron nitride and other materials, such as a composite ceramic of hexagonal boron nitride and silicon nitride. Alternatively, the nozzle core 2 can be made of both high-frequency insulating ceramic and hexagonal boron nitride, for example, a composite ceramic of hexagonal boron nitride and aluminum nitride, or a composite ceramic of hexagonal boron nitride and magnesium oxide, or other high-frequency ceramic materials combined with hexagonal boron nitride. The desired properties of the nozzle core 2 can be obtained by adjusting the proportion of hexagonal boron nitride, for example, by adjusting the ratio according to the required dielectric constant, hardness, or other structural properties.

[0062] In one embodiment, the mass percentage of hexagonal boron nitride in the nozzle core 2 is not less than 60% of the total material of the nozzle core 2.

[0063] In this embodiment, the nozzle core 2 can be made of a composite material combining hexagonal boron nitride with other materials, or made of high-purity hexagonal boron nitride ceramic; wherein, the mass proportion of hexagonal boron nitride in the nozzle core 2 is not less than 60% of the total material of the nozzle core 2, so that the hardness of the nozzle core 2 is relatively low and meets the requirement of low dielectric constant, and has good self-lubricating properties, and can also better avoid slag adhesion in the nozzle core 2.

[0064] In one embodiment, the nozzle inner core 2 is made of an insulating material.

[0065] In laser processing equipment, the distance between the main structure 1 and the processing material 200 can be detected by measuring the capacitance value between them. Using an insulating material to make the nozzle core 2 avoids affecting capacitance distance measurement. Furthermore, the insulating material reduces or prevents slag adhesion to the nozzle core 2; a small amount of slag adhesion does not affect calibration and follow-up accuracy. Optionally, the nozzle core 2 can be made of hexagonal boron nitride ceramic, hexagonal silicon nitride and silicon nitride composite ceramic, hexagonal silicon nitride and aluminum nitride composite ceramic, or a composite material combining hexagonal boron nitride with other materials.

[0066] In one embodiment, the dielectric constant of the nozzle core 2 does not exceed 8.

[0067] In this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the nozzle core 2 can be set to any value not exceeding 8, such as 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. During laser processing, high temperatures can cause changes in the dielectric constant, affecting calibration and follow-up accuracy. A lower dielectric constant avoids large changes in the dielectric constant, thus preventing calibration failures and ensuring calibration and follow-up accuracy. Specifically, 75% alumina ceramic (i.e., alumina content greater than 75%) has a dielectric constant of approximately 8, and calibration is not problematic. MgO-SiO2 high-frequency magnetic ceramic has a dielectric constant of approximately 6, and calibration is not problematic; slag adhesion does not affect calibration and follow-up. Hexagonal boron nitride ceramic has a dielectric constant of approximately 4, and calibration is not problematic; slag adhesion does not affect calibration and follow-up. A certain proportion of hexagonal boron nitride + silicon nitride composite ceramic (hexagonal boron nitride content greater than 60%) has a dielectric constant of 5-7, and calibration is not problematic; slag adhesion does not affect calibration and follow-up. A certain proportion of hexagonal boron nitride + aluminum nitride composite ceramic (hexagonal boron nitride content greater than 60%) has a dielectric constant of 5-7, and calibration is not a problem. Slag contamination does not affect calibration and follow-up.

[0068] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the fastener 12 includes a first part 121 and a second part 122. The first part 121 is provided with a first thread to be fitted onto the first connecting section 14. The second part 122 is provided with a conical part and a limiting bottom wall 17. The limiting bottom wall 17 is located between the conical part and the first part 121. Along the direction away from the first part 121, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical part is gradually reduced. The connection between the first part 121 and the limiting bottom wall 17 is arc-shaped.

[0069] Since the fastener 12 needs to contact the workpiece 200 during calibration, the second part 121 of the fastener 12 is designed with a tapered cross-section to make the bottom dimension of the fastener 12 in contact with the workpiece 200 smaller, thereby reducing the contact area and reducing the risk of crushing or abrading the workpiece 200. In addition, the tapered shape can also reduce the cross-section of the bottom end of the fastener 12 while making the structural strength of the fastener 12 relatively high, thus reducing the risk of damage such as deformation or breakage of the fastener 12.

[0070] In one embodiment, the diameter of the opening at the end of the second channel 2 of the nozzle core away from the skirt 22 does not exceed 5 mm.

[0071] In this embodiment, the aperture of the opening at the end of the second channel 211 of the nozzle core 2 away from the skirt 22 can be set to any value of 5mm, 4mm, 3mm, 2mm, 1mm, or not exceeding 5mm. With this configuration, during processing, the nozzle core 2 presses against the processing material 200 and aligns with the current processing area. The smaller opening size of the second channel 211 prevents it from covering adjacent kerfs or notches, thus avoiding air leakage and ensuring a better cutting effect. Furthermore, it allows for a wider range of cuts and shapes.

[0072] In one embodiment, the surface of the main structure 1 is made of a conductive material.

[0073] In this embodiment, the main structure 1 can be entirely made of conductive material, or a conductive layer can be provided only on the surface of the main structure 1. In some embodiments, the cutting nozzle assembly 100 forms a capacitive sensing circuit with the servo controller through the conductive material provided on the main structure 1. When the cutting nozzle assembly 100 approaches the workpiece, the change in distance between the main structure 1 and the processing material 200 causes a change in capacitance. The servo controller can convert this capacitance change into an electrical signal, thereby monitoring and adjusting the height of the laser device and the cutting nozzle assembly 100 in real time to ensure the stability and accuracy of the cutting process.

[0074] During calibration, the laser processing equipment reads capacitance values ​​at different heights, forming a capacitance curve. Different capacitance values ​​correspond to different heights of the main structure 1. By driving the laser device to lower the cutting nozzle assembly 100, the laser processing equipment continuously reads the capacitance values ​​during the descent to establish a correspondence between capacitance and height values ​​until the fixing member 12 of the main structure 1 contacts the workpiece 200. At this point, the capacitance value is at its maximum. For example, if both the surface structure of the fixing member 12 and the workpiece 200 are made of conductive materials, the capacitance value is infinite. When the maximum capacitance value is reached, the laser device and the cutting nozzle assembly 100 stop descending, completing the calibration. During laser cutting, the laser device is driven to raise the cutting nozzle assembly according to the required height of the laser device and the main structure 1 until the laser device and the main structure 1 are raised to the required height. At this time, the nozzle core 2 and the workpiece 200 remain in contact. When follow-cutting is required, a follow-up height value is defined for the main structure 1. The laser processing equipment will follow according to the capacitance value corresponding to the follow-up height read during calibration. The capacitance value is continuously monitored to ensure that the height of the main structure 1 and the laser device remains stable during laser cutting, thereby improving processing accuracy. In this embodiment, the nozzle core 2 is made of high-frequency insulating ceramic and / or hexagonal boron nitride. Due to the non-conductive insulating properties of high-frequency insulating ceramic and hexagonal boron nitride, the movement of the nozzle core will not affect the read capacitance value, making the height control of the laser device by the laser processing equipment more precise.

[0075] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the cutting nozzle body 11 further includes a second connecting section 13 and a protective plate 15. The second connecting section 13 is located above the first connecting section 14 and is used to connect to the laser device. A first channel 16 passes through the second connecting section 13 and the first connecting section 14. The protective plate 15 is located between the second connecting section 13 and the first connecting section 14 and is arranged circumferentially around the second connecting section 13. The second connecting section 13 is provided with a third thread, and the laser device is provided with a fourth thread. The third thread and the fourth thread are connected to fix the second connecting section 13 to the laser device. It is understood that the laser device contains a laser emitter for emitting laser light.

[0076] In this embodiment, the second connecting section 13 of the main structure 1 is used to connect with the laser device, and the first connecting section 14, as the main body, is close to the processing material 200 during laser processing. The limiting bottom wall 17 is located at the end of the first connecting section 14 away from the second connecting section 13. Along the axial direction of the main structure 1, the protective plate 15 is located between the second connecting section 13 and the first connecting section 14, and is arranged circumferentially around the second connecting section 13 and the first connecting section 14. The protective plate 15 can prevent welding slag or other impurities during processing from splashing onto the side of the laser device, thereby avoiding damage to the laser device and providing good protection. Furthermore, the protective plate 15 can limit the installation of the cutting nozzle assembly 100 when it is installed on the laser device, ensuring the stability of the installation position of the cutting nozzle assembly 100.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the outer wall of the second connecting section 13 is provided with a third thread, and a fourth thread is provided at the light outlet of the laser device, so that the second connecting section 13 is threadedly connected to the laser device, which has high connection strength and is easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0078] This application also proposes a laser processing device, including a device body and a cutting nozzle assembly 100 as described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The specific structure of the cutting nozzle assembly 100 is as described in the above embodiments. The device body is equipped with a laser device, and the main structure 1 of the cutting nozzle assembly 100 is connected to the light outlet of the laser device.

[0079] The main body of a laser processing equipment typically includes a frame that serves as a support base, and a laser device for emitting laser light, which can be a laser head or a laser welding gun. The frame contains a loading platform for carrying the processing material 200. The laser device is located above the loading platform and can emit laser light onto the processing material 200 on the loading platform to perform laser welding, laser cutting, laser engraving, and laser marking, among other laser processing operations. A cutting nozzle assembly 100 is installed at the light outlet of the laser device. A second channel 211 formed in the cutting nozzle assembly 100 is coaxially aligned with the light outlet of the laser device, allowing the laser light emitted from the laser device to be emitted downwards through the second channel 211 of the cutting nozzle assembly 100 to the loading platform. In addition, the laser processing equipment is also equipped with a blowing module, which is connected to the second channel 211 of the cutting nozzle assembly 100. The protective gas driven by the blowing module can be sprayed downward through the second channel 211 of the cutting nozzle assembly 100 to blow towards the processing position, so as to achieve coaxiality of light and gas. The protective gas can be used to blow away impurities (such as welding slag or debris) at the processing position, and can also dissipate heat at the processing position and avoid problems such as welding slag splashing and oxidation of the processing surface.

[0080] Since this laser processing equipment adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0081] In some embodiments, the main body of the equipment further includes a translation component, on which the laser device is mounted and can be moved to different positions for laser processing under the drive of the translation component. Optionally, the translation component includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail arranged at an angle, the second slide rail being slidably mounted on the first slide rail, and the laser device being slidably mounted on the second slide rail, so that the laser device can slide along the second slide rail and can slide along the first slide rail along with the second slide rail. In some embodiments, the main body of the equipment further includes a lifting component, which is used to drive the laser device to rise and fall to adjust the height position of the laser device.

[0082] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cutting nozzle assembly, characterized in that, include: The main structure includes a cutting nozzle body and a fixing component. The cutting nozzle body has an axially penetrating first channel. The cutting nozzle body includes a first connecting section, and the first channel passes through the first connecting section. The fastener is sleeved on the first connecting section. The fastener includes a limiting bottom wall. The limiting bottom wall is provided with an installation port communicating with the first channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the installation port is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel located in the first connecting section. The nozzle inner core is movably disposed in the first channel. The nozzle inner core includes a connected cylindrical body and a skirt. The skirt and at least a portion of the cylindrical body are located within the first channel. The skirt is used to abut against the limiting bottom wall to prevent the nozzle inner core from disengaging from the first channel.

2. The cutting nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side wall of the first connecting segment is provided with a first thread, and the inner side wall of the fastener is provided with a second thread. The second thread is connected to the first thread so that the fastener is sleeved on the first connecting segment.

3. The cutting nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting nozzle body has a stepped surface inside. Along the movement direction of the nozzle core, the stepped surface is opposite to the limiting bottom wall, and the skirt is movably disposed between the stepped surface and the limiting bottom wall.

4. The cutting nozzle assembly as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first channel includes an axially connected first sub-channel and a second sub-channel. The second sub-channel is located above the first sub-channel, and the cross-sectional dimension of the second sub-channel is smaller than that of the first sub-channel. The stepped surface is located at the connection between the first sub-channel and the second sub-channel. The skirt and at least part of the cylinder are located within the first sub-channel.

5. The cutting nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting nozzle body also includes a second connecting section and a protective plate. The second connecting section is located above the first connecting section and is used to connect to the laser device. The first channel passes through the second connecting section and the first connecting section. The protective plate is located between the second connecting section and the first connecting section, and is arranged around the second connecting section in a circumferential manner.

6. The cutting nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The second connecting section is provided with a third thread, and the laser device is provided with a fourth thread. The third thread and the fourth thread are connected to fix the second connecting section to the laser device.

7. The cutting nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle core is made of high-frequency insulating ceramic and / or hexagonal boron nitride.

8. The cutting nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, When the material of the nozzle core includes high-frequency insulating ceramic, the chemical composition of the high-frequency insulating ceramic includes at least magnesium oxide, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and the proportion of aluminum oxide is 10% to 15%.

9. The cutting nozzle assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The Mohs hardness of the nozzle core does not exceed 3; And / or, the nozzle core is made of an insulating material; And / or, the dielectric constant of the nozzle core does not exceed 8; And / or, the surface of the main structure is made of a conductive material.

10. The cutting nozzle assembly as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The fastener includes a first part and a second part. The first part is provided with the first thread to be sleeved on the first connecting section. The second part is provided with a conical part and a limiting bottom wall. The limiting bottom wall is located between the conical part and the first part. Along the direction away from the first part, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical part is gradually reduced. The connection between the first part and the limiting bottom wall is arc-shaped. And / or, the diameter of the opening at the end of the nozzle core furthest from the skirt does not exceed 5 mm.

11. A laser processing device, characterized in that, The device includes a main body and a cutting nozzle assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 10. The main body includes a laser device, the main structure of the cutting nozzle assembly is provided with a third thread, the laser device is provided with a fourth thread, and the main structure of the cutting nozzle assembly is connected to the light outlet of the laser device via the third thread and the fourth thread.

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