A welding head protection device and a laser welding apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to the field of laser welding, and discloses a welding head protection device and a laser welding device. The welding head protection device comprises a protection lens, a first blowing member and a second blowing member. The first blowing member has a first blowing port. The gas in the first blowing member is sprayed along a second direction through the first blowing port. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The second blowing member is located on the path of the first direction. The second blowing member has a second cavity and a second blowing port. According to the application, the first blowing port of the first blowing member is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam to form a high-pressure air curtain, which effectively intercepts the metal spatter generated in the welding process. The double protection mechanism avoids the defects of the traditional large-flow coaxial gas blowing away the molten pool, prevents the spatter from reaching the protection lens through the cross airflow synergistic effect, significantly reduces the lens pollution and ablation risk, reduces the lens replacement frequency, eliminates the temperature drift phenomenon caused by the thermal transmission effect, and guarantees the stability of the laser welding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser welding, and more particularly to a welding head protection device and laser welding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of high-power laser welding, metal spatter and fume pollution generated during the welding process have always been key challenges restricting process quality. When a high-energy laser acts on a metal base material, molten metal particles generated during the material phase transformation will disperse at high speed. These spatters are prone to causing surface ablation of the lens after contacting optical components. Traditional protection methods usually adopt a single gas coaxial protection mechanism. If a large flow rate of coaxial inert gas is used to protect the molten pool, it can effectively isolate air oxidation and prevent spatter from splashing onto the lens. However, if the gas flow rate is too high, it will blow away the liquid in the molten pool, affecting the welding. If a small flow rate of gas is used, although it can also prevent oxidation, the small gas flow rate cannot prevent spatter from splashing onto the lens. This requires frequent lens replacement, causes lens contamination, and makes the lens prone to burning points, resulting in heat penetration effect, temperature drift, and unstable welding. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a welding head protection device and laser welding equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0005] This application provides:

[0006] A welding joint protection device, comprising:

[0007] A protective lens is located on one side of a laser source, and the laser beam emitted by the laser source propagates along a first direction, with the protective lens located on the path of the first direction.

[0008] A first air blowing element has a first air blowing port, in which gas is ejected through the first air blowing port along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, and the first air blowing element is located on one side of the protective lens along the first direction.

[0009] The second air blowing element is located on the first directional path. The second air blowing element has a second air chamber and a second air blowing port. The gas in the second air chamber is ejected outward through the second air blowing port. The direction of the second air blowing port is parallel to the first direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the first air blowing component includes a first housing, on which a cover plate is fixedly installed. The first housing and the cover plate define a first air cavity. An air groove communicating with the first air cavity is formed on the outer wall of the first housing. The air groove forms the first air blowing port. A first connector communicating with the first air cavity is also fixedly installed on the first housing.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide surface is provided on the inner wall of the first air cavity at the location of the air groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the second air-blowing element includes:

[0013] A second housing is located on the first directional path. A second air cavity is defined within the second housing. A flow guide is provided in the second air cavity at the location of the second housing. The flow guide and the inner wall of the second air cavity define a flow guide cavity.

[0014] A pressure plate is fixedly disposed at the opening of the second housing facing the protective lens. A first through hole communicating with the second air chamber is provided through the pressure plate, and the end face of the pressure plate facing the second housing abuts against the guide.

[0015] The second connector is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second housing and is connected to the flow guide cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, an air nozzle is detachably mounted on the opening of the second housing away from the protective lens, and the opening of the air nozzle away from the second housing forms the second air inlet.

[0017] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the end face of the second housing facing the protective lens, and the abutting surface of the guide member contacts the bottom surface of the mounting groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the flow guide includes a flow guide tube, and a mounting plate is fixedly disposed on the end face of the flow guide tube facing the protective lens. The flow guide tube has a second through hole and extends through the mounting plate. The flow guide tube is located in the second air cavity, and the mounting plate is located in the mounting groove. The surface of the mounting plate facing the second housing is the abutment surface.

[0019] Furthermore, a sealing groove is provided on the bottom surface of the mounting groove, and a sealing element is provided in the sealing groove.

[0020] Furthermore, a fixing member is also provided in the first direction. The fixing member has a third through hole that passes through it. The fixing member is fixedly connected to the first air blowing member, and the second air blowing member is fixedly connected to the first air blowing member.

[0021] This application also provides a laser welding device, which includes the welding head protection device described in any of the above claims.

[0022] This application employs a protective lens, a first air-blowing component that sprays gas along a second direction, and a second air-blowing component that sprays inert gas along a first direction. The second air-blowing component's second air-blowing port is parallel to the laser beam propagation direction and provides an appropriate flow rate of inert gas to the weld pool to prevent air oxidation. Simultaneously, the first air-blowing port of the first air-blowing component forms a high-pressure air curtain perpendicular to the laser beam propagation direction, effectively intercepting metal spatter generated during the welding process. This dual protection mechanism avoids the defects of traditional high-flow-rate coaxial gas blowing away the weld pool and prevents spatter from reaching the protective lens through the synergistic effect of cross airflow, significantly reducing the risk of lens contamination and ablation, reducing the frequency of lens replacement, and eliminating temperature drift caused by heat penetration effect, thus ensuring the stability of the laser welding process.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protection device of this application is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the protective device of this application is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 This paper shows a cross-sectional view of the first air blowing component of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protective device in the explosion state of this application is shown;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second air blowing component of this application is shown.

[0030] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0031] 100-Protective lens; 200-First air blowing component; 210-First housing; 211-First air cavity; 212-Air groove; 213-Guide surface; 220-Cover plate; 230-First connector; 300-Second air blowing component; 301-Second air cavity; 302-Guide cavity; 310-Second housing; 311-Mounting groove; 312-Sealing groove; 313-Sealing component; 320-Pressure plate; 321-First through hole; 330-Second connector; 340-Air nozzle; 400-Guide component; 410-Guide tube; 420-Mounting plate; 430-Second through hole; 500-Fixing component; 510-Third through hole; a-Laser beam. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] This application provides a welding head protection device, which includes a protective lens 100, a first air blowing component 200, and a second air blowing component 300. The protective lens 100 directly protects the laser source, preventing external spatter or fumes from entering the laser source and causing damage. Furthermore, the first air blowing component 200 and the second air blowing component 300 blow air along a first direction and a second direction, respectively. This not only prevents the workpiece from being oxidized during welding but also prevents spatter and fumes from the welding point of the workpiece from entering the protective lens 100 and causing surface contamination or burning. This achieves the function of protecting the protective lens 100, thereby eliminating the need for frequent replacement of the protective lens 100, reducing costs and improving efficiency.

[0038] Specifically, the protective lens 100 is located on one side of the laser source, and the laser beam emitted by the laser source propagates along a first direction. The protective lens 100 is located on the path of the first direction. The first air blowing component 200 has a first air blowing port. Gas in the first air blowing component 200 is ejected through the first air blowing port along a second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The first air blowing component 200 is located on one side of the protective lens 100 along the first direction. The second air blowing component 300 is located on the path of the first direction. The second air blowing component 300 has a second air chamber 301 and a second air blowing port. Gas in the second air chamber 301 is ejected outward through the second air blowing port. The direction of the second air blowing port is parallel to the first direction.

[0039] The first direction mentioned above is the direction in which the laser beam a propagates. Figure 2Using the coordinate system as an example, the first direction is the Z direction, and the second direction is the X direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. It can be understood that the gas sprayed in the second direction can be a high-pressure gas, thereby preventing spatter from the welding position from splashing upwards onto the protective lens 100 and causing damage to the protective lens 100. It can also be understood that when the spatter passes through the gas sprayed in the second direction, the gas will blow the spatter away, thereby preventing the spatter from splashing onto the protective lens 100. Furthermore, the gas sprayed along the first direction is an inert protective gas, which blows directly onto the welding position to prevent oxidation of the workpiece during the welding process.

[0040] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the laser source is located above the protective lens 100. The laser emitted by the laser source passes through the protective lens 100 and then through the hollow part of the second air blowing component 300 to the welding position of the workpiece. The high temperature of the laser is used to weld the workpiece. Furthermore, during welding, the second air blowing port of the second air blowing component 300 is aligned with the welding position, and inert gas is provided through the second air blowing port to prevent oxidation at the welding position. It can be understood that when the spatter generated at the welding position moves towards the protective lens 100 through the second air outlet, the inert gas from the second air blowing port... The gas first blows the splash downwards to slow it down. Since the airflow speed of the inert gas is relatively low, it is not enough to block the splash, but only plays a certain role in slowing down the splash. Then, when the splash passes the first air outlet of the first air blowing component 200, since the air blowing from the first air outlet is all high-speed airflow, it can blow the splash to one side, so that it cannot reach the protective lens 100. Assuming that some of the splash still moves onto the protective lens 100, due to the obstruction of the protective lens 100, the splash will not reach the laser source, thus achieving the protection function of the laser source.

[0041] Understandably, as described above, the splashes are greatly reduced in size when the gas from the second air outlet is decelerated and the high-speed airflow from the first air outlet reaches the protective lens 100, thereby improving the service life of the protective lens 100 and eliminating the need for frequent replacement of the protective lens 100.

[0042] The first air blowing component 200 includes a first housing 210, a cover plate 220 fixedly installed on the first housing 210, the first housing 210 and the cover plate 220 defining a first air cavity 211, an air groove 212 communicating with the first air cavity 211 is opened on the outer wall of the first housing 210, the air groove 212 forms a first air blowing port, and a first connector 230 communicating with the first air cavity 211 is also fixedly installed on the first housing 210.

[0043] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to ensure that the gas blown out of the first air outlet is at high speed and can cover the entire projected area of ​​the protective lens 100, an air groove 212 communicating with the first air chamber 211 is opened on the side wall of the first housing 210. It can be understood that the air groove 212 is flat so that the blown gas is in the shape of an air knife, providing sufficient power to blow away the splashes. Furthermore, the first connector 230 is connected to a high-pressure gas device. This high-pressure gas device can be an air compressor or other devices that generate high pressure. The specific type of device is not limited here. The high-pressure gas from the first connector 230 first enters the first air chamber 211, and then blows outward along the second direction through the air groove 212 to form a high-pressure air knife that blows towards the splashes, changing the movement trajectory of the splashes so that they cannot reach the protective lens 100.

[0044] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the processing of the air groove 212, the air groove 212 is specifically set on the side of the first shell 210 facing the cover plate 220. Only one groove needs to be processed during processing. In practice, the air groove 212 can be opened at the required position as needed, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0045] A guide surface 213 is provided on the inner wall of the first air chamber 211 at the position of air groove 212.

[0046] Please continue reading. Figure 3 As shown, in order to make it easier for the gas entering the first air chamber 211 to be blown out from the air groove 212, a guide surface 213 is opened on the inner wall of the first air chamber 211 at the air groove 212 to guide the gas flow and make it easier for the gas to be blown out from the air groove 212.

[0047] The second air blowing component 300 includes a second housing 310, a pressure plate 320, and a second connector 330. Specifically, the second housing 310 is located on a first directional path, and a second air cavity 301 is defined within the second housing 310. A guide component 400 is provided in the second air cavity 301 at the location of the second housing 310. The guide component 400 and the inner wall of the second air cavity 301 define a guide cavity 302. The pressure plate 320 is fixedly disposed at the opening of the second housing 310 facing the protective lens 100. A first through hole 321 communicating with the second air cavity 301 is provided through the pressure plate 320. The end face of the pressure plate 320 facing the second housing 310 abuts against the guide component 400. The second connector 330 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second housing 310 and communicates with the guide cavity 302.

[0048] See Figure 2As shown, in order to allow the inert gas to be blown to the welding position, the guide member 400 is installed inside the second gas cavity 301 of the second housing 310. The guide member 400 and the inner wall of the second gas cavity 301 define a guide cavity 302. The guide cavity 302 is connected to the opening of the second housing 310 away from the protective lens 100. The inert gas from the second connector 330 is connected to the guide cavity 302. It can be understood that the inert gas first enters the guide cavity 302 through the second connector 330. Since the top of the guide cavity 302 is closed, the inert gas can only move along the direction of laser beam propagation. That is, the inert gas will be blown to the welding position of the workpiece through the opening of the second housing 310 away from the protective lens 100, thereby protecting the welding position and preventing oxidation.

[0049] Please continue reading. Figure 2 As shown, the second housing 310 is generally funnel-shaped, and its cross-section gradually narrows along the direction of laser beam propagation. This is to achieve the following purposes: firstly, to guide the inert gas so that the inert gas can be accurately blown to the welding position; secondly, to reduce the size of the bottom opening so that spatter is less likely to pass through the bottom opening and move towards the protective lens 100.

[0050] An air nozzle 340 is detachably mounted on the opening of the second housing 310 in the direction away from the protective lens 100. The opening of the air nozzle 340 in the direction away from the second housing 310 forms a second air inlet.

[0051] Please continue reading. Figure 2 As shown, in order to further prevent splashes from moving toward the protective lens 100 through the second air inlet, an air nozzle 340 is installed at the opening of the second housing 310 away from the protective lens 100. It can be understood that the opening of the air nozzle 340 away from the protective lens 100 is the second air inlet, and the second air inlet is smaller than the opening of the second housing 310 away from the protective lens 100. This makes it more difficult for splashes to enter the second air chamber 301 and move toward the protective lens 100, thereby reducing the number of splashes that splash onto the protective lens 100.

[0052] In some embodiments, the air nozzle 340 may be detachably connected to the second housing 310 by means of a threaded connection.

[0053] The second housing 310 has a mounting groove 311 on its end face facing the protective lens 100, and the abutting surface of the guide 400 is in contact with the bottom surface of the mounting groove 311.

[0054] The flow guide 400 includes a flow guide tube 410. A mounting plate 420 is fixedly provided on the end face of the flow guide tube 410 facing the protective lens 100. The flow guide tube 410 has a second through hole 430 and extends through the mounting plate 420. The flow guide tube 410 is located in the second air chamber 301, and the mounting plate 420 is located in the mounting groove 311. The surface of the mounting plate 420 facing the second shell 310 is the abutment surface.

[0055] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation of the guide member 400, a mounting groove 311 adapted to the shape and size of the mounting plate 420 is opened on the upper end surface of the second housing 310. The mounting groove 311 is used to accommodate the mounting plate 420 and support the mounting plate 420. At this time, the guide tube 410 is located in the second air cavity 301 and is defined by the second air cavity 301 to form a guide cavity 302 for guiding airflow. In this embodiment, the guide tube 410 can be cylindrical.

[0056] To prevent the mounting plate 420 from detaching from the mounting groove 311, the mounting plate 420 can be fixed by the pressure plate 320 at the top.

[0057] A sealing groove 312 is provided on the bottom surface of the mounting groove 311, and a sealing element 313 is provided in the sealing groove 312.

[0058] See Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, to prevent gas entering the guide cavity 302 from overflowing outward from the connection between the mounting plate 420 and the mounting groove 311, a sealing groove 312 is opened on the bottom surface of the mounting groove 311, and a sealing element 313 is installed in the sealing groove 312. Under the action of the sealing element 313, the sealing between the mounting plate 420 and the bottom surface of the mounting groove 311 is achieved.

[0059] In one embodiment, the seal 313 is a sealing ring, and the specific type of sealing ring is not limited here.

[0060] A fixing member 500 is also provided in the first direction. The fixing member 500 has a third through hole 510 that passes through it. The fixing member 500 is fixedly connected to the first air blowing member 200, and the second air blowing member 300 is fixedly connected to the first air blowing member 200.

[0061] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 4As shown, in order to install the entire device, the first air blowing component 200 and the second air blowing component 300 are installed at the welding head position by the fastener 500. Specifically, the fastener can be fixed by bolt connection. Furthermore, the first air blowing component 200 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom surface of the fastener 500, and the second air blowing component 300 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the first air blowing component 200.

[0062] It is understandable that the third through hole 510, the first through hole 321, the second through hole 430 and the second air cavity 301 mentioned above are all used to avoid the laser beam and prevent it from blocking the laser beam. Furthermore, the third through hole 510, the first through hole 321, the second through hole 430 and the second air cavity 301 mentioned above are all coaxially arranged.

[0063] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0064] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A welding joint protection device, characterized in that, include: A protective lens (100) is located on one side of a laser source, and the laser beam emitted by the laser source propagates along a first direction, with the protective lens (100) located on the path of the first direction. A first air blowing element (200) has a first air blowing port. Gas in the first air blowing element (200) is ejected through the first air blowing port along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The first air blowing element (200) is located on one side of the protective lens (100) along the first direction. The second air blowing element (300) is located on the first directional path. The second air blowing element (300) has a second air chamber (301) and a second air blowing port. The gas in the second air chamber (301) is ejected outward through the second air blowing port. The direction of the second air blowing port is parallel to the first direction.

2. The welding joint protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first air blowing component (200) includes a first housing (210), a cover plate (220) is fixedly installed on the first housing (210), the first housing (210) and the cover plate (220) define a first air cavity (211), an air groove (212) communicating with the first air cavity (211) is opened on the outer wall of the first housing (210), the air groove (212) forms the first air blowing port, and a first connector (230) communicating with the first air cavity (211) is also fixedly installed on the first housing (210).

3. The welding joint protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A guide surface (213) is provided on the inner wall of the first air chamber (211) at the location of the air groove (212).

4. The welding joint protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second air blowing element (300) includes: A second housing (310) is located on the first directional path. A second air cavity (301) is defined within the second housing (310). A guide (400) is provided in the second air cavity (301) at the location of the second housing (310). The guide (400) and the inner wall of the second air cavity (301) define a guide cavity (302). A pressure plate (320) is fixedly disposed at the opening of the second housing (310) facing the protective lens (100). A first through hole (321) communicating with the second air chamber (301) is provided on the pressure plate (320). The end face of the pressure plate (320) facing the second housing (310) abuts against the guide (400). The second connector (330) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second housing (310) and is connected to the flow guide cavity (302).

5. The welding joint protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, An air nozzle (340) is detachably mounted on the opening of the second housing (310) away from the protective lens (100), and the opening of the air nozzle (340) away from the second housing (310) forms the second air outlet.

6. The weld joint protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second housing (310) has a mounting groove (311) on its end face facing the protective lens (100), and the abutting surface of the guide (400) is in contact with the bottom surface of the mounting groove (311).

7. The welding joint protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide member (400) includes a guide tube (410), and a mounting plate (420) is fixedly provided on the end face of the guide tube (410) facing the protective lens (100). The guide tube (410) has a second through hole (430) and extends through the mounting plate (420). The guide tube (410) is located in the second air chamber (301), and the mounting plate (420) is located in the mounting groove (311). The surface of the mounting plate (420) facing the second shell (310) is the abutment surface.

8. The welding joint protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the mounting groove (311) is provided with a sealing groove (312), and a sealing element (313) is provided in the sealing groove (312).

9. The welding joint protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing member (500) is also provided in the first direction. The fixing member (500) has a third through hole (510) that passes through it. The fixing member (500) is fixedly connected to the first air blowing member (200), and the second air blowing member (300) is fixedly connected to the first air blowing member (200).

10. A laser welding device, characterized in that, Includes the weld joint protection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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