A multi-oxic vertical flow constructed wetland system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multi-oxygen state vertical flow constructed wetland systems, belong to sewage treatment field, including outer reactor, the inside fixed mounting of outer reactor has inner reactor, the bottom fixed mounting of outer reactor has water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is fixedly installed with water distribution pipe in outer reactor one end close, the bottom of outer reactor and inner reactor is filled with bottom layer of goose pebble, the inside of outer reactor is filled with outer filling layer, the top of outer filling layer is filled with top layer of goose pebble, the inside of inner reactor is filled with inner filling layer.The beneficial effects of the utility model are: by setting inner reactor and outer reactor system environment, the bottom of inner reactor continues to water, forms uplink saturated water flow, creates anaerobic environment, dynamic distribution dissolved oxygen, anaerobic zone dominant enrichment anaerobic bacteria, degrades organic matter and releases ammonia nitrogen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment, and more specifically, to a multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional vertical flow constructed wetlands, when treating nitrogen-containing wastewater, suffer from insufficient denitrification capacity and low total nitrogen removal efficiency because the system is predominantly aerobic with a lack of anaerobic and anoxic zones. In existing technologies, vertical flow constructed wetlands mainly remove ammonia nitrogen through nitrification, but their denitrification conversion capacity for nitrate nitrogen is weak, making it difficult to meet the treatment requirements of high-nitrogen wastewater. In addition, existing systems lack flexibility in the regulation of dissolved oxygen, making it impossible to achieve synergistic effects of nitrification and denitrification in a single system, thus limiting the nitrogen removal efficiency.

[0003] The aim is to improve the removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants in wastewater by optimizing the structure and operating parameters of the wetland system, and to enhance the treatment efficiency of domestic sewage, agricultural wastewater and some industrial wastewater. A multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the problems of weak denitrification capacity and low nitrogen removal efficiency in existing vertical flow constructed wetlands, this utility model provides a multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system, including an outer reactor, an inner reactor fixedly installed inside the outer reactor, an inlet pipe fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer reactor, a distribution pipe fixedly installed at the end of the inlet pipe near the outer reactor, the bottom of both the outer and inner reactors being filled with bottom pebbles, an outer filling layer filling the inside of the outer reactor, a top layer of pebbles filling the top of the outer filling layer, and an inner filling layer filling the inside of the inner reactor.

[0005] Preferably, the inner filling layer is composed of quartz sand with a particle size of 8-10 mm.

[0006] Preferably, a water inlet zone is formed between the inner filling layer and the bottom cobblestones filling the inner reactor, and the water distribution pipe is located within the water inlet zone.

[0007] Preferably, the outer filling layer is composed of coke with a particle size of 5-8 mm.

[0008] Coke has a porous structure and a high specific surface area, which can effectively adsorb organic pollutants in water. The surface of coke can provide attachment sites for microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, promoting the biodegradation of pollutants.

[0009] Preferably, a water collection area is formed between the bottom of the outer filling layer and the bottom layer of pebbles filled in the outer reactor.

[0010] Preferably, an adjustable water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer reactor, and the adjustable water outlet pipe is connected to the water collection area.

[0011] Preferably, ecologically regulating plants are installed on the top of both the outer and inner reactors.

[0012] The ecological regulation plant used is canna lily. Canna lilies have a well-developed root system that can absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. Root secretions can stimulate microbial activity, promote the degradation of organic pollutants, and enhance system stability and ecological restoration functions.

[0013] Beneficial effects:

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] (1) By setting up an inner reactor and an outer reactor to form a system environment, the bottom of the inner reactor continuously receives water to form an upward saturated water flow and create an anaerobic environment. The water level of the outer reactor is adjusted by the siphon principle of the adjustable outlet pipe to form a downward unsaturated water flow to control the water saturation ratio of the outer layer. At this time, an anoxic zone is formed at the bottom of the outer reactor, an aerobic zone is maintained at the top, and an anaerobic zone is formed in the inner reactor, realizing the distribution of anaerobic, aerobic, and anoxic multiple oxygen states and dynamically distributing dissolved oxygen. The anaerobic zone is dominated by anaerobic bacteria, which degrade organic matter and release ammonia nitrogen. The aerobic zone is enriched with nitrifying bacteria, and the anoxic zone is enriched with denitrifying bacteria. Ammonia nitrogen nitrification and nitrate nitrogen denitrification are completed simultaneously, which has the characteristics of high-efficiency nitrogen removal. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen are significantly better than those of traditional single-layer systems.

[0016] (2) Through structural optimization and parameter control, no additional aeration equipment is required, reducing energy consumption and significantly reducing operating costs. The ratio of saturated and unsaturated parts in the external reaction zone can be flexibly adjusted according to the influent water quality and effluent requirements to meet the needs of treating different water qualities. It is suitable for treating high-nitrogen domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Inlet pipe; 2. Distribution pipe; 3. Top layer of pebbles; 31. Bottom layer of pebbles; 4. Inner filling layer; 5. Outer filling layer; 6. Adjustable outlet pipe; 7. Ecological regulating plants; 8. Inner reactor; 9. Outer reactor; 10. Inlet area; 11. Water collection area. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely to represent selected embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments are as follows:

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, a multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system includes an outer reactor 9, an inner reactor 8 fixedly installed inside the outer reactor 9, an inlet pipe 1 fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer reactor 9, and a distribution pipe 2 fixedly installed at the end of the inlet pipe 1 near the outer reactor 9. The bottoms of both the outer reactor 9 and the inner reactor 8 are filled with bottom pebbles 31. The outer reactor 9 is filled with an outer filling layer 5, and the top of the outer filling layer 5 is filled with top pebbles 3. The inner reactor 8 is filled with an inner filling layer 4, which is composed of quartz sand with a particle size of 8-10 mm. The outer filling layer... 5 is composed of coke with a particle size of 5-8mm. Both the outer reactor 9 and the inner reactor 8 are topped with ecological regulation plants 7. Both the outer reactor 9 and the inner reactor 8 are cylindrical structures made of PVC. The ecological regulation plants 7 are plants such as canna lilies, which can enhance the stability of the system and have the functions of landscaping and ecological restoration. The particle size of coke of 5-8mm and its porosity can optimize the water flow distribution and avoid short-circuiting or blockage. Coke is both economical and stable. Compared with activated carbon, coke has a lower cost and a more stable pore structure, and is not easy to collapse or pulverize during long-term operation. The outer reactor requires a dynamic oxygen environment. Coke has better air permeability than quartz sand, but is more conducive to microbial colonization than pebbles. Coke is a carbon-based material that can provide a trace carbon source for the denitrification process and assist in nitrogen removal. Canna has a well-developed root system that can absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. Root exudates can stimulate microbial activity and promote the degradation of organic pollutants. At the same time, the alternating micro-aerobic and anaerobic environment formed by the roots helps nitrification and denitrification. Canna is tolerant of water moisture and has strong adaptability, combining environmental beautification and ecological restoration functions. Pebbles can buffer the impact of water flow and prevent fine-particle fillers such as quartz sand and coke from being washed away or clogging the outlet. The pebble layers at the top and bottom utilize their large particle size and high porosity to evenly disperse the influent to each filler layer to avoid short-circuiting. At the same time, they collect the effluent to prevent local siltation. The pebble layers intercept large suspended particles, reducing the risk of clogging of subsequent filler layers and extending the system's operating cycle.

[0023] It should be noted that an inlet zone 10 is formed between the inner filling layer 4 and the bottom cobblestones 31 filling the inner reactor 8, and the water distribution pipe 2 is located within the inlet zone 10. A gasket is used to prevent seepage between the inlet pipe 1 and the inner reactor 8 and the outer reactor 9. A water collection zone 11 is formed between the bottom of the outer filling layer 5 and the bottom cobblestones 31 filling the outer reactor 9. An adjustable outlet pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer reactor 9, and the adjustable outlet pipe 6 is connected to the water collection zone 11. Water enters from the water distribution pipe 2 at the bottom of the inner reactor 8 and flows from bottom to top into the inner reactor. The water overflows from the top of reactor 8 and then re-accumulates in the collection area 11 inside the outer reactor 9. The adjustable outlet pipe 6 is made of flexible material and its height can be adjusted. According to the siphon principle, the water level in the saturated zone of the outer reactor 9 is controlled by adjusting the height of the outlet pipe 6. The area from the outlet of the adjustable outlet pipe 6 to the bottom of the outer reactor 9 is the outer saturated area, and the area from the outlet of the adjustable outlet pipe 6 to the top of the outer reactor 9 is the outer unsaturated area. An anoxic zone is formed at the bottom of the outer reactor 9, and an aerobic zone is maintained at the top, realizing a multi-oxygen state distribution of "anaerobic, aerobic, and anoxic".

[0024] In Example 1, the inner reactor 8 has a diameter of 16 cm and the outer reactor 9 has a diameter of 30 cm. The inner reactor 8 has a height of 0.7 m and a filling height of 0.6 m. The inner reactor 8 has a height of 0.8 m and a filling height of 0.7 m. The volume ratio of the inner and outer layers is 1:3. The influent flows evenly from the bottom of the inner reactor 8 upwards through a peristaltic pump. The effluent is discharged through an adjustable water pipe 6 connected to the outlet at the bottom of the outer reactor 9. The water level in the saturation zone of the outer reactor 9 is controlled by adjusting the height of the adjustable water pipe 6. The inner and outer layers of the wetland system are filled with quartz sand particles with a particle size of 8-10 mm and coke particles with a particle size of 5-8 mm, respectively. The upper and lower ends of the main filler material of the inner and outer layers are filled with pebbles with a thickness of 5 cm, which serve as the influent zone 10 and the collection zone 11 to intercept suspended solids and prevent clogging. The plants planted on the filler material layers of the inner and outer layers are canna lilies.

[0025] The experiment involved continuous influent for one month of pre-cultivation to stabilize the system. Through experimentation, by adjusting the ratio of saturated and unsaturated areas in the outer reactor 9 of the system, aerobic and anoxic redox zones were formed. When the ratio of aerobic to anoxic areas was 1:1, the removal rate of COD in wastewater reached 92%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reached 91%, and the removal rate of total nitrogen reached 80%, which is far higher than the removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen of traditional vertical flow constructed wetlands, which are 85%, 80%, and 60%, respectively.

[0026] Working principle: The inlet pipe 1 is connected to the bottom of the inner reactor 8. Water flows evenly from the bottom of the inner reactor 8 upwards through the inner packing layer 4 via the distribution pipe 2, and then sequentially enters the pebble 3 area and coke 5 area of ​​the outer reactor 9. The water is discharged through the adjustable outlet pipe 6 connected to the outlet of the outer reactor 9. Based on the siphon principle, the water level in the saturation zone of the outer reactor 9 is controlled by adjusting the height of the adjustable outlet pipe 6. The area from the outlet of the adjustable outlet pipe 6 to the bottom of the outer reactor 9 constitutes the outer saturation zone. The top of reactor 9 is the outer unsaturated zone, the bottom of the outer reactor 9 forms an anoxic zone, and the top maintains an aerobic zone, achieving a multi-oxygen state distribution of "anaerobic, aerobic, and anoxic". The bottom of the inner reactor 8 continuously receives water, forming an upward saturated water flow, creating an anaerobic environment, enriching anaerobic bacteria, degrading organic matter and releasing ammonia nitrogen. The aerobic zone of the outer reactor 9 is enriched with nitrifying bacteria, and the anoxic zone is enriched with denitrifying bacteria, simultaneously completing ammonia nitrogen nitrification and nitrate nitrogen denitrification. Canna lilies 7 are planted on the packing layer of the inner reactor 8 and the outer reactor 9 to improve the environment and enhance ecological stability.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system, characterized in that, The reactor includes an outer reactor (9), an inner reactor (8) is fixedly installed inside the outer reactor (9), an inlet pipe (1) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer reactor (9), a distribution pipe (2) is fixedly installed at the end of the inlet pipe (1) near the outer reactor (9), the bottom of both the outer reactor (9) and the inner reactor (8) is filled with bottom pebbles (31), the outer reactor (9) is filled with an outer filling layer (5), the top of the outer filling layer (5) is filled with top pebbles (3), and the inner reactor (8) is filled with an inner filling layer (4).

2. The multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner filling layer (4) is composed of quartz sand with a particle size of 8-10 mm.

3. The multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner filling layer (4) and the bottom cobblestones (31) filling the inner reactor (8) form an inlet zone (10), and the water distribution pipe (2) is located in the inlet zone (10).

4. A multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer filling layer (5) is composed of coke with a particle size of 5-8 mm.

5. A multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A water collection area (11) is formed between the bottom of the outer filling layer (5) and the bottom cobblestones (31) filled in the outer reactor (9).

6. A multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer reactor (9) has an adjustable water outlet pipe (6) fixedly connected to its side wall, and the adjustable water outlet pipe (6) is connected to the water collection area (11).

7. A multi-oxygen vertical flow constructed wetland system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Ecological regulating plants (7) are installed on the top of both the outer reactor (9) and the inner reactor (8).

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