A vehicle power supply system and a vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vehicle power supply system and vehicle, system includes: main power unit, first auxiliary power unit, second auxiliary power unit, isolation unit, main power unit and the first end electricity connection of electric load, and through the electricity connection of isolation unit and the second end of electric load, first auxiliary power unit, second auxiliary power unit and the second end electricity connection of electric load, and through the electricity connection of isolation unit and the first end of electric load, isolation unit is used for with second end communication or disconnect of main power unit, and with first end communication or disconnect of first auxiliary power unit, second auxiliary power unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a vehicle power supply system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The power system is a critical component for the normal operation of a vehicle. Currently, new energy vehicles mainly use onboard DC-DC converters to output low-voltage 12V power to supply the vehicle's low-voltage electrical appliances. The existing power supply system has the following main defects:

[0003] When a vehicle is equipped with only a single power supply unit, if the power supply unit fails, the entire vehicle's electrical system will be paralyzed, causing the electrical equipment on the vehicle to stop working, and in severe cases, the vehicle will be unable to drive normally.

[0004] When a vehicle is equipped with redundant power units, the redundant power network typically includes multiple DC-DC converters, low-voltage batteries, and LBMS (Lead-Acid Battery Management System), resulting in high overall vehicle cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a vehicle power supply system and a vehicle, so as to enable the vehicle power supply system to have redundant power supply capability, with minimal increase in overall vehicle cost, while effectively ensuring the stable operation of in-vehicle electrical equipment.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a vehicle power supply system, comprising:

[0007] Main power supply unit, first auxiliary power supply unit, second auxiliary power supply unit, isolation unit;

[0008] The main power supply unit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the electrical load, and is also electrically connected to the second terminal of the electrical load through the isolation unit;

[0009] The first auxiliary power supply unit and the second auxiliary power supply unit are electrically connected to the second terminal of the electrical load, and are also electrically connected to the first terminal of the electrical load through the isolation unit;

[0010] The isolation unit is used to connect or disconnect the main power supply unit from the second terminal, and to connect or disconnect the first auxiliary power supply unit and the second auxiliary power supply unit from the first terminal.

[0011] Optionally, the main power supply unit includes a first DC-DC module, and the first auxiliary power supply unit includes a second DC-DC module.

[0012] Optionally, the second auxiliary power unit includes a battery.

[0013] Optionally, the battery is equipped with a battery detection unit, which is used for battery status detection and fault protection.

[0014] Optionally, the battery is a 12V battery.

[0015] Optionally, the electrical load includes a vehicle control unit, a microcontroller front-end module, a microcontroller back-end module, an advanced driver assistance system, an in-vehicle entertainment system, a smart battery, a vehicle electronic stability system, and / or an electric power steering system.

[0016] Optionally, the isolation unit includes a control chip and a dual MOS isolation circuit;

[0017] The control chip is used to control the switching of the MOS transistors in the dual MOS isolation circuit, so that the main power supply unit is connected to or disconnected from the second terminal, and the first auxiliary power supply unit and the second auxiliary power supply unit are connected to or disconnected from the first terminal.

[0018] Optionally, the first end and the second end are also equipped with a fuse module;

[0019] The fuse module is used to disconnect the electrical load from the main power supply unit, the first auxiliary power supply unit, and the second auxiliary power supply unit when the electrical load fails.

[0020] Optionally, the fuse module includes an electronic fuse.

[0021] Secondly, this utility model embodiment also provides a vehicle, including any of the vehicle power supply systems described in this utility model embodiment.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: This utility model proposes a vehicle power supply system, which includes a main power supply unit, a first auxiliary power supply unit, and a second auxiliary power supply unit. These main and auxiliary power supply units form a redundant power supply network. When one power supply unit fails, the remaining working power supply units maintain power supply, ensuring that the electrical load will not be interrupted due to a problem with the main power supply unit, greatly improving the reliability and stability of the entire system's power supply. The system is also equipped with an isolation unit. When a short-circuit fault occurs on either the main or auxiliary power supply unit side, the isolation unit can disconnect the main and auxiliary power supply units, preventing the short-circuit current from damaging the lines and other equipment connected to those lines. After the isolation unit is disconnected, the fault area is isolated from other parts of the system, preventing further spread of the fault and its impact on other normally operating parts. The auxiliary power supply units include a first and a second auxiliary power supply unit, increasing the redundancy of the power supply system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the vehicle power supply system structure in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of another vehicle power supply system structure in the embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the vehicle power supply system in the embodiment, for reference. Figure 1 The vehicle power supply system includes:

[0028] Main power supply unit 100, first auxiliary power supply unit 201, second auxiliary power supply unit 202, isolation unit 300;

[0029] The main power supply unit 100 is electrically connected to the first terminal B1+ of the electrical load 1, and is electrically connected to the second terminal B2+ of the electrical load 1 through the isolation unit 300.

[0030] The first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 are electrically connected to the second terminal B2+ of the electrical load 1, and are electrically connected to the first terminal B1+ of the electrical load 1 through the isolation unit 300.

[0031] The isolation unit 300 is used to connect or disconnect the main power supply unit 100 from the second terminal B2+, and to connect or disconnect the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 from the first terminal B1+.

[0032] For example, in this solution, a redundant power supply system for the electrical load 1 is formed by using the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202.

[0033] When the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, the second auxiliary power supply unit 202, and the electrical load 1 are without faults (short circuit, open circuit, etc.), the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 provide redundant power supply to the electrical load 1.

[0034] When a fault occurs in the main power supply unit 100 or the first terminal B1+, the main power supply unit 100 is disconnected from the first terminal B1+. At the same time, the isolation unit 300 disconnects the main power supply unit 100 from the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202.

[0035] When a fault occurs in the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, the second auxiliary power supply unit 202, or the second terminal B2+, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 are disconnected from the second terminal B2+. At the same time, the isolation unit 300 disconnects the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 from the main power supply unit 100.

[0036] For example, in this solution, the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 may be the same or different, and they may adopt batteries, lithium-ion batteries, DC-DC converters, supercapacitors, etc. as needed.

[0037] In this solution, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 are mainly used to provide emergency power support for some important loads of the vehicle when the main power supply unit 100 fails or special operations are required (such as the main power supply unit 100 outputting high power, causing a temporary drop in voltage).

[0038] In addition, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 can also ensure uninterrupted power supply to critical electrical loads when the vehicle is started.

[0039] For example, in this solution, the isolation unit 300 can be designed based on a relay or a power switch (such as a MOSFET), and the isolation unit 300 is configured to implement specified on / off control according to the control signal;

[0040] During normal power supply, the switching device in the isolation unit 300 is closed, and the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 are connected to the first terminal B1+ and the second terminal B2+ of the electrical load, thereby achieving redundant power supply.

[0041] In this solution, a monitoring circuit can be configured in the isolation unit 300. The monitoring circuit can be composed of a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a microcontroller. The monitoring circuit is used to monitor whether the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 have faults (such as short circuit, open circuit, etc.).

[0042] When a short circuit fault occurs in the main power supply unit 100, the monitoring circuit detects the abnormality and the microcontroller sends a control signal to disconnect the switching device in the isolation unit 300, thereby disconnecting the main power supply unit 100 from the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202.

[0043] At this time, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 supply power to the electrical load through the second terminal B2+;

[0044] When a short circuit fault occurs in the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 or the second auxiliary power supply unit 202, the monitoring circuit detects the abnormality and the microcontroller sends a control signal to disconnect the switching device in the isolation unit 300, thereby disconnecting the main power supply unit 100 from the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202.

[0045] At this time, the main power supply unit 100 supplies power to the electrical load through the first terminal B1+;

[0046] When any one of the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, or the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 experiences an open circuit fault, the normal power supply unit provides redundant power supply to the vehicle.

[0047] When the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 (from short circuit fault) return to normal, the monitoring circuit will detect the normal status of the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, and the second auxiliary power supply unit 202.

[0048] At this time, the microcontroller will close the switching device in the isolation unit 300 according to the preset strategy. At this time, the main power supply unit 100, the secondary power supply unit 201, and the second secondary power supply unit 202 provide redundant power supply to the electrical load 1 through the first terminal B1+ and the second terminal B2+.

[0049] This embodiment proposes a vehicle power supply system. The system includes a main power supply unit, a first auxiliary power supply unit, and a second auxiliary power supply unit. These units form a redundant power supply network. When one power supply unit fails, the remaining working units maintain power supply, ensuring that the load is not interrupted due to a problem with the main power supply unit, significantly improving the reliability and stability of the entire system. The system also includes an isolation unit. When a short-circuit fault occurs on either the main or auxiliary power supply unit side, the isolation unit disconnects the main and auxiliary power supply units, preventing the short-circuit current from damaging the lines and other equipment connected to them. After the isolation unit disconnects, the faulty area is isolated from the rest of the system, preventing further spread of the fault and impact on other normally operating parts. The auxiliary power supply units, including the first and second auxiliary power supply units, further enhance the redundancy of the power supply system.

[0050] exist Figure 1 Based on the scheme shown, in one possible implementation, the main power supply unit includes a first DC-DC module.

[0051] In this scheme, the first DC-DC module is mainly used to realize voltage conversion, for example, converting the voltage of a 400V to 800V battery to 12V.

[0052] The first DC-DC module can also be configured with a protection circuit. The protection circuit monitors the output voltage and output current. When a fault such as a short circuit is detected, the protection circuit cuts off the output of the first DC-DC module to isolate the fault and ensure the safety of the entire power system.

[0053] Based on any of the aforementioned schemes, in one possible implementation, the first auxiliary power supply unit includes a second DC-DC module.

[0054] In this solution, the function and selection of the second DC-DC module can be the same as those of the first DC-DC module, and the specific details will not be described in detail.

[0055] Based on any of the aforementioned schemes, in one possible implementation, the second auxiliary power unit includes a storage battery.

[0056] In this scheme, the storage battery can be either a lead-acid battery or a lithium-ion battery. The voltage specification for lead-acid batteries can be 12V, and the voltage specification for lithium-ion batteries can be 12-24V.

[0057] For example, in this solution, the battery can have a charging function, wherein a dedicated charging circuit can be configured to control the charging of the battery, and the charging circuit can be integrated into the vehicle's power management module.

[0058] A protection circuit can be set in the discharge circuit of the battery. The protection circuit can be used to realize the short circuit or undervoltage protection of the battery. When the battery has a short circuit or undervoltage fault, the protection circuit automatically disconnects the battery from the electrical load.

[0059] Based on any of the aforementioned solutions, in one possible implementation, the isolation unit includes a control chip and a dual MOS isolation circuit;

[0060] The control chip is used to control the switching of the MOSFETs in the dual MOS isolation circuit, so as to connect or disconnect the main power supply unit from the second terminal, and connect or disconnect the first auxiliary power supply unit and the second auxiliary power supply unit from the first terminal.

[0061] For example, in this solution, the dual MOS isolation circuit may include a controller and a common-drain dual MOS isolation switch, wherein the two MOS transistors of the common-drain dual MOS isolation switch are connected in series, their drains are connected together, and their gates are controlled by the control signal of the controller.

[0062] A dual-MOS isolation circuit may also include a controller and a common-source dual-MOS isolation switch, wherein the sources of the two MOS transistors of the common-source dual-MOS isolation switch are connected together, and the gates are controlled by the control signal of the controller;

[0063] In this scheme, when the controller applies a suitable voltage to the gates of the two MOS transistors in the dual MOS isolation circuit, the two MOS transistors are simultaneously turned on or simultaneously turned off, thereby realizing the closing or opening of the dual MOS isolation circuit.

[0064] In this solution, when any power supply unit fails, the dual MOS isolation circuit can isolate the faulty power supply unit from the normal power supply unit. Since the dual MOS isolation switch can effectively isolate redundant power supplies, even if one power supply fails (such as short circuit, overcharge, over-discharge, etc.), it will not affect the normal operation of the other power supply.

[0065] For example, if a short circuit fault occurs in the main power supply, the dual MOS disconnect switch can quickly disconnect the main power supply from the circuit to prevent the fault from spreading to the backup power supply, thereby ensuring that the backup power supply can work normally when needed and provide reliable power support for the vehicle's safety systems (such as anti-lock braking system, airbag system, etc.), which greatly improves the overall reliability and safety of the vehicle's redundant power supply system.

[0066] Furthermore, during the switching process of the dual MOS isolation circuit, the dual MOS isolation switch does not generate an electric arc during the switching process, thereby avoiding energy loss and damage to equipment caused by the electric arc, and improving the energy efficiency of the entire power supply system.

[0067] Based on any of the aforementioned solutions, in one possible implementation, the first and second ends are further equipped with a fuse module;

[0068] The fuse module is used to disconnect the electrical load from the main power supply unit, the first auxiliary power supply unit, and the second auxiliary power supply unit when the electrical load fails.

[0069] In this solution, the appropriate fuse can be selected according to the type of electrical load. For example, if the electrical load is a controller, a slow-blow fuse can be selected, and if the electrical load is a low-power load such as a vehicle lighting system, a fast-blow fuse can be selected.

[0070] The rated voltage of the fuse should match the voltage of the power supply system. For example, in a 12V power supply system, select a fuse with the corresponding rated voltage to ensure that it can safely and reliably blow in case of overcurrent and play a protective role.

[0071] Based on the aforementioned scheme of configuring fuse modules at the first and second ends, in one possible implementation, the fuse module includes an electronic fuse.

[0072] In this solution, after the electronic fuse triggers the protection action, it can quickly return to normal working condition when the fault is cleared, without the need for cumbersome replacement operations. This greatly improves the convenience and efficiency of vehicle maintenance, reduces downtime, and ensures efficient vehicle operation.

[0073] Based on the aforementioned second auxiliary power unit including a battery, in one possible implementation, the battery is equipped with a battery detection unit, which is used for battery status detection and fault protection.

[0074] For example, in this solution, the Lead-Acid Battery Management System (LMBS) can monitor the operating parameters of the battery, such as voltage, current, and temperature, and determine whether the battery has short circuit, undervoltage, or other faults by monitoring voltage, current, and temperature.

[0075] Specifically, when the battery is charging, the LBMS controls the charging process based on the battery's characteristics and current state. Once the battery voltage reaches the set overcharge protection voltage, the LBMS will automatically cut off the charging circuit or adjust the charging current to prevent the battery from overcharging.

[0076] During discharge, the LBMS monitors the battery voltage. When the voltage drops to the set over-discharge protection voltage, the LBMS disconnects the load circuit to prevent the battery from over-discharging.

[0077] If a short circuit occurs at the battery's output terminal, the LBMS will quickly detect the abnormal increase in current. It will immediately disconnect the circuit to prevent damage to the battery from the large current generated by the short circuit, and can automatically restore the circuit connection after the fault is cleared or require manual reset.

[0078] Figure 2 This is another vehicle power supply system structural block diagram in the embodiment, for reference. Figure 2 Based on any of the aforementioned solutions, in one possible implementation, the system includes:

[0079] Main power supply unit 100, first auxiliary power supply unit 201, second auxiliary power supply unit 202, isolation unit 300;

[0080] The main power supply unit 100 is electrically connected to the basic load 102 through the fuse box 101, and the main power supply unit 100 is electrically connected to the first terminal B1+ of the electrical loads 11 to 18 through the fuse.

[0081] After passing through the isolation unit 300, the main power supply unit 100 is electrically connected to the second terminal B2+ of the electrical loads 11 to 18 via a fuse;

[0082] The first auxiliary power supply unit 201 is electrically connected to the second terminal B2+ of the electrical loads 11 to 18 via a fuse, and after passing through the isolation unit 300, it is electrically connected to the first terminal B1+ of the electrical loads 11 to 18 via a fuse.

[0083] The second auxiliary power supply unit 202 is electrically connected to the second terminal B2+ of the electrical loads 11-18 via a fuse, and after passing through the isolation unit 300, it is electrically connected to the first terminal B1+ of the electrical loads 11-18 via a fuse.

[0084] The second auxiliary power supply unit 202 is equipped with a battery detection unit 2021 (LBMS2);

[0085] The isolation unit 300 includes a controller 301, a first MOSFET 302, and a second MOSFET 303. The first MOSFET 302 and the second MOSFET 303 constitute a dual MOSFET isolation switch. The signal output terminal of the controller 301 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the dual MOSFET isolation switch.

[0086] In this solution, electrical loads 11 to 18 are respectively XCU (Vehicle Control Unit), MCUF (Microcontroller Front-End Module), MCUR (Microcontroller Rear-End Module), ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems), HU (Head Unit), IB (Intelligent Battery), ESP (Electronic Stability Program), and EPS (Electric Power Steering). The basic load 102 may include lighting systems, windows, vehicle sensors, etc.

[0087] In this scheme, the main power supply unit 100 and the first auxiliary power supply unit 201 adopt DC-DC converters, the second auxiliary power supply unit 202 adopts a 12V battery, and the fuse adopts an electronic fuse.

[0088] In this scheme, the safety level of the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, the second auxiliary power supply unit 202, and the isolation unit 300 is set to ASIL B(D).

[0089] In this scheme, a DC-DC converter is configured for both the main power network and the redundant power network. The redundant power network is then paired with a starting battery. When a power supply short circuit occurs at the first terminal B1+ or the second terminal B2+, the isolation unit 300 detects the fault and disconnects the connection between the two power networks (the main power network and the redundant power network), isolating the faulty power network. The other fault-free power network can then operate normally, meeting the functional safety requirements.

[0090] When no fault occurs, the isolation unit 300 can be closed normally, and both power networks can ensure the normal operation of the vehicle.

[0091] In this solution, when a pipeline fault occurs in the base load 102, the main power supply unit 100 is disconnected from the faulty base load 102 through the fuse box 101.

[0092] When the controller 301 detects any one of the main power supply unit 100, the first auxiliary power supply unit 201, or the second auxiliary power supply unit 202, or a pipeline fault at the first terminal B1+ or the second power supply terminal B2+, the isolation unit 300 disconnects. The isolation unit 300 isolates the normal power supply unit from the faulty power supply unit, and the normal power supply unit is used to supply power to the vehicle.

[0093] When one of the vehicle's DC-DC converters fails (not a short circuit), the isolation unit 300 remains closed, and the battery 202 and the normal DC-DC converter can support the vehicle to continue driving safely in autonomous driving mode. The vehicle's functions are basically unrestricted, providing more assurance for safe driving.

[0094] When battery 202 fails (not a short circuit), isolation unit 300 remains closed, and the dual DC-DC converters provide a redundant power network. The vehicle can then be powered by the dual DC-DC converters for normal and safe driving and parking.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] This embodiment proposes a vehicle, including any of the vehicle power supply systems described in Embodiment 1. The implementation method and beneficial effects of the vehicle power supply system are the same as the corresponding content described in Embodiment 1, and the specific details will not be described in detail.

[0097] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle power supply system, characterized in that, include: Main power supply unit, first auxiliary power supply unit, second auxiliary power supply unit, isolation unit; The main power supply unit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the electrical load, and is also electrically connected to the second terminal of the electrical load through the isolation unit; The first auxiliary power supply unit and the second auxiliary power supply unit are electrically connected to the second terminal of the electrical load, and are also electrically connected to the first terminal of the electrical load through the isolation unit; The isolation unit is used to connect or disconnect the main power supply unit from the second terminal, and to connect or disconnect the first auxiliary power supply unit and the second auxiliary power supply unit from the first terminal.

2. The vehicle power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main power supply unit includes a first DC-DC module, and the first auxiliary power supply unit includes a second DC-DC module.

3. The vehicle power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second auxiliary power unit includes a storage battery.

4. The vehicle power supply system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The battery is equipped with a battery detection unit, which is used for battery status detection and fault protection.

5. The vehicle power supply system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The battery is a 12V battery.

6. The vehicle power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical loads include the vehicle control unit, microcontroller front-end module, microcontroller back-end module, advanced driver assistance system, in-vehicle entertainment system, smart battery, electronic stability control system and / or electric power steering system.

7. The vehicle power supply system as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The isolation unit includes a control chip and a dual MOS isolation circuit; The control chip is used to control the switching of the MOS transistors in the dual MOS isolation circuit, so that the main power supply unit is connected to or disconnected from the second terminal, and the first auxiliary power supply unit and the second auxiliary power supply unit are connected to or disconnected from the first terminal.

8. The vehicle power supply system as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Both the first and second ends are also equipped with a fuse module; The fuse module is used to disconnect the electrical load from the main power supply unit, the first auxiliary power supply unit, and the second auxiliary power supply unit when the electrical load fails.

9. The vehicle power supply system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The fuse module includes an electronic fuse.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the vehicle power supply system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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