An electric drive system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of electric drive system and vehicle, it is related to vehicle technical field, electric drive system includes shell assembly, oil filter, oil pump, oil cooler, stator winding, first bearing and second bearing, shell assembly is equipped with main oil circuit, first oil circuit, second oil circuit, third oil circuit, fourth oil circuit and fifth oil circuit, the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of oil filter are communicated with oil storage cavity and the liquid inlet of oil pump respectively, the liquid outlet of oil pump and the oil inlet hole of oil cooler are communicated by first oil circuit, the oil outlet hole of oil cooler is communicated with main oil circuit by second oil circuit, third oil circuit, fourth oil circuit and fifth oil circuit are communicated with main oil circuit respectively, and respectively extend to stator winding, first bearing and second bearing place. Like this, after the lubricating oil cooled by oil cooler can be shunted at main oil circuit, to shorten oil circuit length, reduce oil resistance, improve cooling and lubrication effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to an electric drive system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Electric drive systems are generally divided into coaxial and parallel shaft types. Among them, coaxial electric drive systems are widely used because they have a compact structure, occupy little space, and are easy to design in a lightweight manner.

[0003] Currently, coaxial electric drive systems typically use lubricating oil to cool and dissipate heat from the motor and to lubricate transmission components such as motor bearings and reducer bearings. However, existing coaxial electric drive systems have long cooling and lubrication oil paths with high oil resistance, resulting in uneven heat dissipation and insufficient lubrication. In severe cases, this can lead to localized overheating of the electric drive system, affecting overall operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] The problem this invention addresses is: how to improve the cooling and lubrication effects of a coaxial electric drive system.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides an electric drive system and a vehicle.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electric drive system, including a housing assembly, a motor, a reducer, and an oil filter, an oil pump, and an oil cooler mounted on the housing assembly. The housing assembly is provided with an oil storage chamber, a first receiving chamber for accommodating the motor, and a second receiving chamber for accommodating the reducer. The oil storage chamber is located below the first receiving chamber. The motor includes a stator winding and a first bearing, and the reducer includes a second bearing. The first bearing and the second bearing are respectively disposed at both axial ends of the housing assembly.

[0007] The housing assembly has a main oil passage, a first oil passage, a second oil passage, a third oil passage, a fourth oil passage, and a fifth oil passage on its shell wall. The inlet and outlet of the oil filter are connected to the oil storage chamber and the inlet of the oil pump, respectively. The outlet of the oil pump and the inlet of the oil cooler are connected through the first oil passage. The outlet of the oil cooler is connected to the main oil passage through the second oil passage. The third, fourth, and fifth oil passages are connected to the main oil passage and extend to the stator winding, the first bearing, and the second bearing, respectively. The lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber flows sequentially through the oil filter, the oil pump, the first oil passage, the oil cooler, and the second oil passage into the main oil passage, and then flows through the third, fourth, and fifth oil passages to the stator winding, the first bearing, and the second bearing, respectively.

[0008] Optionally, the housing assembly includes a first end cover, an intermediate housing, and a second end cover arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The end of the intermediate housing facing the first end cover is open. The first end cover and the intermediate housing form a first receiving cavity, and the second end cover and the intermediate housing form a second receiving cavity.

[0009] The first bearing and the second bearing are respectively disposed on the first end cover and the second end cover. The oil filter, the oil pump, the oil cooler and the oil storage chamber are disposed on the intermediate housing. The main oil passage, the first oil passage, the second oil passage and the third oil passage are disposed on the intermediate housing. The fourth oil passage is disposed on the first end cover and the fifth oil passage is disposed on the cavity wall of the second receiving cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the motor further includes a motor shaft and a third bearing. The motor shaft is provided with a first cavity and a first oil injection hole. The first cavity is provided through the motor shaft along the axial direction. One end of the first oil injection hole communicates with the first cavity, and the other end passes through the circumferential outer wall of the motor shaft and faces the third bearing.

[0011] The fourth oil passage includes a first oil passage and a second oil passage. The main oil passage and the second oil passage are respectively connected to the first oil passage. The first oil passage is connected to the opening at one end of the first cavity. The second oil passage extends to the first bearing. The lubricating oil of the main oil passage flows into the first cavity through the first oil passage and flows to the first bearing in sequence through the first oil passage and the second oil passage.

[0012] Optionally, the first end cover includes an end cover body and a support plate. The support plate is sleeved on one end of the motor shaft and fixed on the end cover body. The first oil passage includes a first channel disposed on the end cover body and a second channel disposed on the support plate. The first channel is connected to the main oil circuit. The opening at one end of the first cavity and the first channel are respectively connected to the second channel. The second oil passage is connected to the first channel. The lubricating oil of the main oil circuit flows into the first cavity through the first channel and the second channel in sequence, and flows to the first bearing through the first channel and the second oil passage in sequence.

[0013] Optionally, the end cover body includes a first cover and a second cover that are detachably connected along the axial direction of the motor shaft, the support plate is disposed between the first cover and the second cover, and the first channel and the second oil passage are respectively disposed on the first cover and the second cover.

[0014] Optionally, the electric drive system further includes a half-shaft, which passes through the first cavity and is in clearance fit with the first cavity, and the half-shaft is connected to the first end cover through the first bearing.

[0015] Optionally, the fifth oil passage includes a third oil passage and a fourth oil passage that are interconnected. The third oil passage is disposed on the intermediate housing and is connected to the main oil passage. The fourth oil passage is disposed on the second end cover and extends to the second bearing. The lubricating oil of the main oil passage flows to the second bearing in sequence through the third oil passage and the fourth oil passage.

[0016] Optionally, the reducer further includes a planetary gear assembly, which includes a planetary shaft, a planetary carrier, a fourth bearing, a fifth bearing, and an oil collection tray with an oil groove. The planetary carrier is connected to the intermediate housing through the fifth bearing. The fourth bearing is sleeved on the planetary shaft. The oil collection tray is located at one end of the planetary shaft. The planetary shaft has a second cavity and a second oil injection hole. The second cavity is arranged through the axial direction of the planetary shaft, and one end of the second cavity communicates with the oil groove, while the other end faces the fifth bearing. One end of the second oil injection hole communicates with the second cavity, while the other end passes through the circumferential outer wall of the planetary shaft and faces the fourth bearing.

[0017] The fourth oil passage includes a third channel and a fourth channel that are interconnected. The third channel is connected to the third oil passage and extends to the second bearing. The fourth channel is connected to the oil groove. The lubricating oil of the main oil passage flows sequentially to the second bearing through the third oil passage and the third channel, and then sequentially flows to the fifth bearing through the third oil passage, the third channel, the fourth channel, the oil groove, and the second cavity. The lubricating oil in the second cavity also flows to the fourth bearing through the second oil injection hole.

[0018] Optionally, the motor further includes a stator core and two oil injection rings. The stator core is provided with stator oil passages that pass through the end faces of both axial ends of the stator core. The two oil injection rings are respectively disposed at both axial ends of the stator core and respectively sleeved on both axial ends of the stator winding. Each oil injection ring, together with the intermediate housing and the stator core, forms an oil cavity. The two ends of the stator oil passage are respectively connected to the two oil cavities. The third oil passage is connected to one of the two oil cavities.

[0019] Secondly, this utility model provides a vehicle including the electric drive system described above.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the electric drive system of this utility model are as follows: The motor and reducer can be integrated by installing them separately in the first and second receiving cavities within the housing assembly, making the electric drive system structure more compact. Furthermore, by providing an oil reservoir within the housing assembly to store lubricating oil, and by positioning the oil reservoir below the first receiving cavity, approximately at the bottom of the housing assembly, oil return is facilitated. Simultaneously, by providing a first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and main oil passage on the housing wall of the housing assembly, and connecting the inlet and outlet of the oil filter to the oil reservoir and the inlet of the oil pump respectively, connecting the outlet of the oil pump and the inlet of the oil cooler to the first oil passage, connecting the outlet of the oil cooler and the main oil passage to the second oil passage, and connecting the third, fourth, and fifth oil passages to the main oil passage, extending to the stator winding, the first bearing, and the second bearing respectively, the system achieves a more compact structure. This design allows the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir to flow sequentially through the oil filter, oil pump, and first oil passage into the oil cooler for cooling. The cooled lubricating oil then flows through the second oil passage into the main oil passage, where it is further divided. A portion of the lubricating oil flows through the third oil passage to the stator windings for cooling, another portion flows through the fourth oil passage to the first bearing located at one end of the housing assembly for cooling and lubrication, and a third portion flows through the fifth oil passage to the second bearing located at the other end of the housing assembly for cooling and lubrication. This achieves active cooling and lubrication of the motor and the reducer bearings, ensuring reliable cooling and lubrication and thus improving the transmission efficiency of the electric drive system. Furthermore, by using the main oil passage and branch oil passages (composed of the third, fourth, and fifth oil passages) on the housing assembly to divide the lubricating oil cooled by the oil cooler, the oil passage length can be shortened, oil resistance reduced, and the cooling and lubrication effects improved. In addition, by integrating the oil filter, oil pump and oil cooler into the housing assembly, the structure of the entire electric drive system can be made more compact, and the oil circuit length can be further shortened, thereby further reducing oil resistance and improving cooling and lubrication effects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric drive system in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil filter, oil pump and oil cooler installed on the intermediate housing in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second end cap with a second bearing in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the housing assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of the housing assembly from another perspective in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second end cap in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the electric drive system at the motor in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the reducer in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the second cover and the support plate in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of cross-section at point AA.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Housing assembly; 11. First end cover; 111. End cover body; 1112. First cover body; 1113. Second cover body; 112. Support plate; 12. Intermediate housing; 13. Second end cover; 14. Oil reservoir; 15. First receiving cavity; 16. Second receiving cavity; 17. First oil return port; 18. Second oil return port; 19. Mounting slot; 2. Motor; 21. Stator winding; 22. First bearing; 23. Motor shaft; 231. First cavity; 24. Third bearing; 25. Stator core; 251. Stator oil passage; 26. Oil injection ring; 3. Reducer; 31. Second bearing; 32. Planetary shaft 321. Second cavity; 322. Second oil injection hole; 33. Planetary carrier; 34. Fourth bearing; 35. Fifth bearing; 36. Oil collection tray; 361. Oil trough; 4. Oil filter; 5. Oil pump; 6. Oil cooler; 71. First oil passage; 72. Second oil passage; 73. Third oil passage; 74. Fourth oil passage; 741. First oil channel; 7411. First channel; 7412. Second channel; 742. Second oil passage; 75. Fifth oil passage; 751. Third oil passage; 752. Fourth oil passage; 7521. Third channel; 7522. Fourth channel; 76. Main oil passage; 8. Half shaft; 9. Oil cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this utility model can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this utility model. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of this utility model are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0034] In the attached diagram, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, i.e., up and down, with the positive direction of the Z-axis representing up and the negative direction representing down. The X-axis represents the horizontal direction and is designated as the front and back position, with the positive direction of the X-axis representing the front and the negative direction representing the back. The Y-axis represents the left and right position, with the positive direction of the Y-axis representing the left and the negative direction representing the right. It should be noted that the aforementioned representations of the Z, Y, and X axes are merely for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0035] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this utility model are only used to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "one" and "multiple" used in this utility model are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0037] In related technologies, coaxial electric drive systems typically use lubricating oil to cool and dissipate heat from the motor and to lubricate transmission components such as motor bearings and reducer bearings. However, existing coaxial electric drive systems have long cooling and lubrication oil paths and high oil resistance, resulting in problems such as uneven heat dissipation and insufficient lubrication. In severe cases, this may lead to local overheating of the electric drive system, affecting overall operation.

[0038] To address the problems existing in the aforementioned related technologies, this utility model provides an electric drive system and vehicle.

[0039] Combination Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figure 10 As shown, an electric drive system provided by this utility model embodiment includes a housing assembly 1, a motor 2, a reducer 3, and an oil filter 4, an oil pump 5, and an oil cooler 6 installed on the housing assembly 1. The housing assembly 1 is provided with an oil storage chamber 14, a first receiving chamber 15 for accommodating the motor 2, and a second receiving chamber 16 for accommodating the reducer 3. The oil storage chamber 14 is located below the first receiving chamber 15. The motor 2 includes a stator winding 21 and a first bearing 22. The reducer 3 includes a second bearing 31. The first bearing 22 and the second bearing 31 are respectively disposed at both axial ends of the housing assembly 1.

[0040] The housing assembly 1 has a first oil passage 71, a second oil passage 72, a third oil passage 73, a fourth oil passage 74, a fifth oil passage 75, and a main oil passage 76 on its shell wall. The inlet and outlet of the oil filter 4 are connected to the oil storage chamber 14 and the inlet of the oil pump 5, respectively. The outlet of the oil pump 5 and the inlet of the oil cooler 6 are connected through the first oil passage 71. The outlet of the oil cooler 6 is connected to the main oil passage 76 through the second oil passage 72. The third oil passage 73, the fourth oil passage 74, the fifth oil passage 75, and the main oil passage 76 are connected through the second oil passage 72. Oil passage 74 and the fifth oil passage 75 are connected to the main oil passage 76 and extend to the stator winding 21, the first bearing 22 and the second bearing 31 respectively. The lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 14 flows into the main oil passage 76 through the oil filter 4, the oil pump 5, the first oil passage 71, the oil cooler 6 and the second oil passage 72 in sequence, and then flows to the stator winding 21, the first bearing 22 and the second bearing 31 through the third oil passage 73, the fourth oil passage 74 and the fifth oil passage 75 respectively.

[0041] It should be noted that the electric drive system in this embodiment can be applied to both parallel-axis electric drive systems and coaxial electric drive systems.

[0042] Specifically, the housing assembly 1 is generally cylindrical in shape, and its internal space is divided into an oil reservoir 14 for storing lubricating oil, a first receiving cavity 15 for mounting the motor 2, and a second receiving cavity 16 for mounting the reducer 3. The first receiving cavity 15 and the second receiving cavity 16 are located along the axial direction of the housing assembly 1 (i.e.,...). Figure 1The oil reservoir 14 is located below the first receiving cavity 15, and the first receiving cavity 15 and the second receiving cavity 16 can be connected to the oil reservoir 14 respectively to facilitate oil return. The first bearing 22 of the motor 2 and the second bearing 31 of the reducer 3 are respectively located at the two axial ends of the housing assembly 1. For a parallel shaft electric drive system, the first bearing 22 can be a bearing located between the motor shaft 23 and the housing assembly 1, and the second bearing 31 can be a bearing structure located between the intermediate shaft of the reducer and the housing assembly 1; for a coaxial electric drive system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first bearing 22 can be a bearing disposed between the half shaft 8 and the housing assembly 1, and the second bearing 31 can be a bearing structure disposed between the sun gear (or planet carrier 33) and the housing assembly 1, for example, the second end cover 13, without specific limitation here.

[0043] More specifically, the oil filter 4, oil pump 5 and oil cooler 6 are respectively installed on the housing assembly 1, and the housing wall of the housing assembly 1 is provided with a cooling lubricating oil passage. The oil filter 4 is used to filter the lubricating oil flowing into the oil pump 5, and the oil pump 5 is used to draw the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 14 into the cooling lubricating oil passage, so that the lubricating oil can flow through the cooling lubricating oil passage to the components in the motor 2 and the reducer 3 that need to be cooled and lubricated. The cooling and lubrication circuit includes a first oil circuit 71, a second oil circuit 72, a third oil circuit 73, a fourth oil circuit 74, a fifth oil circuit 75, and a main oil circuit 76. The inlet and outlet of the oil filter 4 are connected to the oil storage chamber 14 and the inlet of the oil pump 5, respectively. The outlet of the oil pump 5 and the inlet of the oil cooler 6 are connected to the first oil circuit 71, respectively. The outlet of the oil cooler 6 and the main oil circuit 76 are connected to the second oil circuit 72, respectively. The third oil circuit 73, the fourth oil circuit 74, and the fifth oil circuit 75 are connected to the main oil circuit 76, and extend to the stator winding 21, the first bearing 22, and the second bearing 31, respectively. During operation, the oil pump 5 draws the lubricating oil from the oil reservoir 14 into the oil pump 5 through the oil filter 4. After the lubricating oil flows out of the oil pump 5, it can flow into the oil cooler 6 through the first oil passage 71 for cooling. After cooling, the lubricating oil flows into the main oil passage 76 through the second oil passage 72 and is divided into three branches. The lubricating oil in the first branch flows to the stator winding 21 through the third oil passage 73, the lubricating oil in the second branch flows to the first bearing 22 through the fourth oil passage 74, and the lubricating oil in the third branch flows to the second bearing 31 through the fifth oil passage 75.

[0044] In this embodiment, the motor 2 and the reducer 3 can be integrated together by installing the motor 2 and the reducer 3 in the first receiving cavity 15 and the second receiving cavity 16 in the housing assembly 1, respectively, so that the structure of the electric drive system is more compact. Furthermore, an oil reservoir 14 is provided within the housing assembly 1 to store lubricating oil. The oil reservoir 14 is positioned below the first receiving cavity 15, approximately at the bottom of the housing assembly 1, to facilitate oil return. Simultaneously, a first oil passage 71, a second oil passage 72, a third oil passage 73, a fourth oil passage 74, a fifth oil passage 75, and a main oil passage 76 are provided on the housing wall of the housing assembly 1. The inlet and outlet of the oil filter 4 are connected to the oil reservoir 14 and the inlet of the oil pump 5, respectively. The outlet of the oil pump 5 and the inlet of the oil cooler 6 are connected to the first oil passage 71, the outlet of the oil cooler 6 and the main oil passage 76 are connected to the second oil passage 72, and the third, fourth, and fifth oil passages 73, 74, and 75 are connected to the main oil passage 76, extending to the stator winding 21 and the first bearing 2, respectively. At the second bearing 31, the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 14 can flow into the oil cooler 6 for cooling through the oil filter 4, oil pump 5, and first oil passage 71 in sequence. After cooling, the lubricating oil flows into the main oil passage 76 through the second oil passage 72 and is then divided. Part of the lubricating oil flows to the stator winding 21 through the third oil passage 73 to cool the stator winding 21. Another part of the lubricating oil flows to the first bearing 22 through the fourth oil passage to cool and lubricate the first bearing 22 located at one end of the housing assembly 1. Yet another part of the lubricating oil flows to the second bearing 31 through the fifth oil passage 75 to cool and lubricate the second bearing 31 located at the other end of the housing assembly 1. This achieves cooling of the motor 2 and active cooling and lubrication of the reducer bearing, ensuring the reliability of cooling and lubrication, and thus improving the transmission efficiency of the electric drive system. Furthermore, by using a main oil passage 76 and oil passage branches consisting of a third oil passage 73, a fourth oil passage 74, and a fifth oil passage 75 on the housing assembly 1 to distribute the lubricating oil cooled by the oil cooler 6, the oil passage length can be shortened, oil resistance reduced, and cooling and lubrication effects improved. In addition, by integrating the oil filter 4, oil pump 5, and oil cooler 6 onto the housing assembly 1, not only can the structure of the entire electric drive system be made more compact, but the oil passage length can also be further shortened, thereby further reducing oil resistance and improving cooling and lubrication effects.

[0045] Furthermore, combined Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the main oil passage 76 extends along the axial direction of the housing assembly 1. Compared with setting the main oil passage 76 at an angle relative to the axial direction, this can shorten the length of the main oil passage 76, thereby shortening the overall length of the cooling lubricating oil on the housing assembly 1, reducing oil resistance and oil pressure loss, and facilitating machining.

[0046] Furthermore, combinedFigure 10 As shown, the third oil passage 73 extends radially along the housing assembly 1. Compared to setting the third oil passage 73 radially inclined relative to the housing assembly 1, this shortens the length of the third oil passage 73, thereby shortening the overall length of the cooling lubricating oil on the housing assembly 1, reducing oil resistance and oil pressure loss, and facilitating machining.

[0047] Optionally, combined Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the housing assembly 1 includes a first end cover 11, an intermediate housing 12, and a second end cover 13 arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The end of the intermediate housing 12 facing the first end cover 11 is open. The first end cover 11 and the intermediate housing 12 form a first receiving cavity 15. The second end cover 13, the intermediate housing 12, and the cavity wall of the first receiving cavity 15 facing the second end cover 13 form a second receiving cavity 16. The first bearing 22 and the second bearing 31 are respectively disposed on the first end cover 11 and the second end cover 13. The oil filter 4, the oil pump 5, the oil cooler 6, and the oil storage cavity 14 are all disposed on the intermediate housing 12. The main oil passage 76, the first oil passage 71, the second oil passage 72, and the third oil passage 73 are disposed on the intermediate housing 12. The fourth oil passage 74 is disposed on the first end cover 11. The fifth oil passage 75 is disposed on the cavity wall of the second receiving cavity 16.

[0048] Specifically, the housing assembly 1 is a split structure, which includes a first end cap 11, an intermediate housing 12, and a second end cap 13 arranged sequentially along the axial direction and detachably connected by fasteners such as bolts. The intermediate housing 12 is generally cylindrical, and the first end of the intermediate housing 12 (i.e. the end of the intermediate housing 12 facing the first end cap 11) is open. The intermediate housing 12 is provided with a partition structure perpendicular to the axial direction. The partition structure forms the cavity wall of the first receiving cavity 15 facing the second receiving cavity 16, and the partition structure is provided with a through hole for the motor shaft 23 to pass through and communicate with the second receiving cavity 16. At the same time, the partition structure, the first end cap 11, and the intermediate housing 12 form the first receiving cavity 15, and the partition structure, the second end cap 13, and the intermediate housing 12 form the second receiving cavity 16. Alternatively, the partition structure can be located at the second end of the intermediate housing 12 (i.e., the end of the intermediate housing 12 facing the second end cover 13). In this case, the space enclosed by the intermediate housing 12 and the space enclosed by the first end cover 11 together constitute the first receiving cavity 15, and the space enclosed by the second end cover 13 constitutes the second receiving cavity 16. The fifth oil passage 75 is located on the second end cover 13. Alternatively, the partition structure can be located at the middle position of the intermediate housing 12. In this case, the space enclosed by the intermediate housing 12 is divided into two parts by the partition structure. One part, together with the space enclosed by the first end cover 11, constitutes the first receiving cavity 15, and the other part, together with the space enclosed by the second end cover 13, constitutes the second receiving cavity 16. A portion of the fifth oil passage 75 (i.e., the third oil passage 751) is located on the intermediate housing 12, and another portion of the oil passage (i.e., the fourth oil passage 752) is located on the second end cover 13.

[0049] In this optional embodiment, by designing the housing assembly 1 as a split structure including a first end cap 11, an intermediate housing 12, and a second end cap 13, the structure of the production mold for the housing assembly 1 can be simplified, thereby reducing the production difficulty and cost of the housing assembly 1. Simultaneously, by arranging the main oil passage 76, the first oil passage 71, the second oil passage 72, and the third oil passage 73 on the intermediate housing 12, the fourth oil passage 74 on the first end cap 11, and the fifth oil passage 75 on the cavity wall of the second receiving cavity 16, it is possible to process the cooling and lubrication oil passages in segments on the split-structure housing assembly 1, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the cooling and lubrication oil passages. Furthermore, by arranging the oil filter 4, the oil pump 5, the oil cooler 6, and the oil reservoir 14 all on the intermediate housing 12, the various components involved in cooling and lubrication are concentrated on the intermediate housing 12, thereby reducing the length of the oil passages, reducing pressure loss, and improving the cooling and lubrication effects.

[0050] Furthermore, combined Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the intermediate housing 12 is also provided with a mounting groove 19 for mounting the oil pump 5. In this way, by mounting the oil pump 5 in the mounting groove 19, the oil pump 5 is mounted and fixed on the housing assembly 1.

[0051] Optionally, combined Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the motor 2 also includes a motor shaft 23 and a third bearing 24. The motor shaft 23 is provided with a first cavity 231 and a first oil injection hole. The first cavity 231 is arranged through the motor shaft 23 along the axial direction. One end of the first oil injection hole is connected to the first cavity 231, and the other end passes through the circumferential outer wall of the motor shaft 23 and faces the third bearing 24.

[0052] The fourth oil passage 74 includes a first oil passage 741 and a second oil passage 742. The main oil passage 76 and the second oil passage 742 are respectively connected to the first oil passage 741. The first oil passage 741 is connected to the opening at one end of the first cavity 231. The second oil passage 742 extends to the first bearing 22. The lubricating oil of the main oil passage 76 flows into the first cavity 231 through the first oil passage 741, and flows to the first bearing 22 in sequence through the first oil passage 741 and the second oil passage 742.

[0053] In this optional embodiment, the motor shaft 23 has a hollow shaft structure, and its internal space forms a first cavity 231. Furthermore, the position of the first oil injection hole (not shown in the figure) on the motor shaft 23 corresponds to the position of the third bearing 24. The fourth oil passage 74 includes two branches: a first oil passage 741 and a second oil passage 742. The first oil passage 741 connects the main oil passage 76 to the opening at one end of the first cavity 231, thereby guiding the lubricating oil in the main oil passage 76 into the interior of the motor shaft 23. The second oil passage 742 connects to the first oil passage 741 and extends to the first bearing 22, thereby guiding the lubricating oil to the first bearing 22. In this way, the lubricating oil can be split at the fourth oil passage 74. Part of the lubricating oil flows to the first bearing 22 through the second oil passage 742, and the other part flows to one end of the motor shaft 23 through the first oil passage 741. It then flows into the first cavity 231 from the opening at that end, and then into the interior of the motor shaft 23. This allows the lubricating oil to be sprayed from the first oil spray hole to the third bearing 24 sleeved on the motor shaft 23 under the action of centrifugal force, so as to achieve active cooling and lubrication of the motor bearing, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication effect.

[0054] Optionally, combined Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the first end cap 11 includes an end cap body 111 and a support plate 112. The support plate 112 is sleeved on one end of the motor shaft 23 and fixed on the end cap body 111. The first oil passage 741 includes a first channel 7411 disposed on the end cap body 111 and a second channel 7412 disposed on the support plate 112. The first channel 7411 is connected to the main oil passage 76. The opening at one end of the first cavity 231 and the first channel 7411 are respectively connected to the second channel 7412. The second oil passage 742 is connected to the first channel 7411. The lubricating oil of the main oil passage 76 flows into the first cavity 231 through the first channel 7411 and the second channel 7412 in sequence, and flows to the first bearing 22 through the first channel 7411 and the second oil passage 742 in sequence.

[0055] In this optional embodiment, a support plate 112 is provided on the end cover body 111 to improve the structural strength of the first end cover 11. Simultaneously, the support plate 112 is sleeved on one end of the motor shaft 23 to support the end of the motor shaft 23, ensuring the reliability of the motor shaft 23 mounted on the housing assembly 1. The first oil passage 741 is configured to include a first channel 7411 and a second channel 7412. The first channel 7411 is disposed on the end cover body 111, and the second channel 7412 is disposed on the support plate 112. This facilitates segmented machining of the first oil passage 741 on the end cover body 111 and the support plate 112, thereby reducing the machining difficulty of the first oil passage 741. Furthermore, by connecting the first channel 7411 to the main oil circuit 76, connecting the opening at one end of the first cavity 231 and the first channel 7411 to the second channel 7412 respectively, and connecting the second oil passage 742 to the first channel 7411, the lubricating oil in the main oil circuit 76 can flow into the motor shaft 23 in sequence through the first channel 7411, the second channel 7412, and the opening at one end of the first cavity 231, so as to actively cool and lubricate the third bearing 24 sleeved on the motor shaft 23. At the same time, the lubricating oil in the main oil circuit 76 can also flow to the first bearing 22 in sequence through the first channel 7411 and the second oil passage 742 for active cooling and lubrication.

[0056] Optionally, combined Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the end cover body 111 includes a first cover 1112 and a second cover 1113 that are detachably connected along the axial direction of the motor shaft 23. A support plate 112 is disposed between the first cover 1112 and the second cover 1113, and a first channel 7411 and a second oil passage 742 are respectively disposed on the first cover 1112 and the second cover 1113.

[0057] In this optional embodiment, the end cap body 111 is configured as a split structure including a first cap 1112 and a second cap 1113, and a support plate 112 is disposed between the first cap 1112 and the second cap 1113 to facilitate the installation of the support plate 112. At the same time, the first channel 7411 and the second oil passage 742 are respectively disposed on the first cap 1112 and the second cap 1113 to facilitate the segmented processing of the first channel 7411 and the second oil passage 742 on the split end cap body 111, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the fourth oil passage 74.

[0058] Optionally, combined Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the electric drive system also includes a half shaft 8, which passes through the first cavity 231 and is clearance-fitted with the first cavity 231. The half shaft 8 is connected to the first end cover 11 through the first bearing 22.

[0059] In this optional embodiment, by inserting the half-shaft 8 through the first cavity 231 of the motor shaft 23, not only can the axial dimension of the electric drive system be shortened, facilitating its arrangement, but the motor shaft 23 and the half-shaft 8 are also coaxially arranged, allowing the electric drive system to be used as a coaxial electric drive system. Since a coaxial electric drive system can utilize, for example, a planetary gear set to achieve deceleration and differential functions, a traditional differential can be eliminated, making the entire system more compact and lighter. Simultaneously, by using a clearance fit between the half-shaft 8 and the first cavity 231, space is reserved inside the motor shaft 23 to accommodate lubricating oil, ensuring that lubricating oil can flow into the motor shaft 23 from one open end of the first cavity 231. Furthermore, the half-shaft 8 is connected to the second cover 1113 via a first bearing 22, ensuring that the half-shaft 8 can rotate relative to the housing assembly 1, and the first bearing 22 also supports the half-shaft 8, thereby improving the reliability of the electric drive system.

[0060] Alternatively, the support plate 112 can be configured to also be sleeved outside the half shaft 8, so that the support plate 112 can simultaneously support the motor shaft 23 and the half shaft 8.

[0061] Optionally, combined Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fifth oil passage 75 includes a third oil passage 751 and a fourth oil passage 752 that are interconnected. The third oil passage 751 is disposed on the intermediate housing 12 and is connected to the main oil passage 76. The fourth oil passage 752 is disposed on the second end cover 13 and extends to the second bearing 31. The lubricating oil of the main oil passage 76 flows to the second bearing 31 in sequence through the third oil passage 751 and the fourth oil passage 752.

[0062] In this optional embodiment, the space enclosed by the intermediate housing 12 is divided into two parts by a partition structure within the intermediate housing 12. One part, together with the space enclosed by the first end cover 11, forms the first receiving cavity 15, and the other part, together with the space enclosed by the second end cover 13, forms the second receiving cavity 16. The third oil passage 751 is disposed on the portion of the intermediate housing 12 that encloses the first receiving cavity 15, and the fourth oil passage 752 is disposed on the portion of the intermediate housing 12 that encloses the second receiving cavity 16. That is, a portion of the second receiving cavity 16 is inside the intermediate housing 12. Thus, by disposing of the third oil passage 751 of the fifth oil passage 75 on the intermediate housing 12 and the fourth oil passage 752 on the second end cover 13, it is easier to process the fifth oil passage 75 in sections on the split-structure housing assembly 1, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the cooling and lubrication oil passage.

[0063] Optionally, combined Figures 4 to 6 as well as Figure 9 As shown, the reducer 3 also includes a planetary gear assembly, which includes a planetary shaft 32, a planetary carrier 33, a fourth bearing 34, a fifth bearing 35, and an oil collection tray 36 with an oil groove 361. The planetary carrier 33 is connected to the intermediate housing 12 through the fifth bearing 35. The fourth bearing 34 is sleeved on the planetary shaft 32. The oil collection tray 36 is located at one end of the planetary shaft 32. The planetary shaft 32 has a second cavity 321 and a second oil injection hole 322. The second cavity 321 is arranged through the axial direction of the planetary shaft 32, and one end of the second cavity 321 is connected to the oil groove 361, while the other end faces the fifth bearing 35. One end of the second oil injection hole 322 is connected to the second cavity 321, while the other end is connected to the fifth bearing 35. The fourth oil passage 752 passes through the circumferential outer wall of the planetary shaft 32 and faces the fourth bearing 34; the fourth oil passage 752 includes a third channel 7521 and a fourth channel 7522 that are interconnected. The third channel 7521 is connected to the third oil passage 751 and extends to the second bearing 31. The fourth channel 7522 is connected to the oil groove 361. The lubricating oil of the main oil passage 76 flows to the second bearing 31 in sequence through the third oil passage 751 and the third channel 7521, and then flows to the fifth bearing 35 in sequence through the third oil passage 751, the third channel 7521, the fourth channel 7522, the oil groove 361, and the second cavity 321. The lubricating oil in the second cavity 321 also flows to the fourth bearing 34 through the second oil injection hole 322.

[0064] In this optional embodiment, such as Figure 5As shown, the third channel 7521 extends axially from the upper left end of the second end cover 13 to the upper right end, and radially from the upper right end of the second end cover 13 to the second bearing 31. The fourth channel 7522 extends axially, and its outlet end is opposite to and connected to the oil groove 361 of the oil collection tray 36, so that the lubricating oil in the main oil passage 76 can be diverted at the fourth oil passage 752, and a portion of the lubricating oil flows to the second bearing 31 through the third channel 7521. One part of the lubricating oil is cooled and lubricated at one end, and the other part flows from one end of the second cavity 321 into the interior of the planetary shaft 32 through the fourth channel 7522 and the oil groove 361. This allows the lubricating oil flowing into the planetary shaft 32 to be sprayed from the second oil spray hole 322 onto the fourth bearing 34 sleeved on the outside of the planetary shaft 32, and also to flow from the other end of the second cavity 321 to the fifth bearing 35 located at one end of the planetary shaft 32, thereby achieving active cooling and lubrication of the fourth bearing 34 and the fifth bearing 35.

[0065] Optionally, combined Figure 10 As shown, the motor 2 also includes a stator core 25 and two oil injection rings 26. The stator core 25 is provided with a stator oil passage 251, which passes through the end faces of both ends of the stator core 25 along the axial direction. The two oil injection rings 26 are respectively disposed at both ends of the stator core 25 and are respectively sleeved on both ends of the stator winding 21 along the axial direction. Each oil injection ring 26 forms an oil cavity 9 with the intermediate housing 12 and the stator core 25. The two ends of the stator oil passage 251 are respectively connected to the two oil cavities 9. The third oil passage 73 is connected to one of the two oil cavities 9.

[0066] In this optional embodiment, the lubricating oil from the main oil passage 76 flows into one of the two oil chambers 9 via the third oil passage 73, so that the lubricating oil flowing into the oil chamber 9 can be sprayed from the oil spray hole on the corresponding oil spray ring 26 to one end of the stator winding 21. At the same time, the lubricating oil in the oil chamber 9 can flow to the other oil chamber 9 via the stator oil passage 251 on the stator core 25, and be sprayed from the oil spray hole on the other oil spray ring 26 to the other end of the stator winding 21. In this way, the stator winding 21 is cooled down.

[0067] Optionally, combined Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the oil filter 4 is disposed within the oil reservoir 14, and the lower end wall of the first receiving cavity 15 is provided with a first oil return port 17. The lower part of the wall of the second receiving cavity 16 facing the first receiving cavity 15 is provided with a second oil return port 18. The first oil return port 17 and the second oil return port 18 are respectively connected to the oil reservoir 14. In this way, the lubricating oil dripping to the bottom of the first receiving cavity 15 and the second receiving cavity 16 can flow back to the oil reservoir 14 from the first oil return port 17 and the second oil return port 18, respectively, to facilitate circulation cooling and lubrication. Moreover, by placing the oil filter 4 within the oil reservoir 14, the space occupied by the oil filter 4 can be saved, thereby further reducing the volume of the entire electric drive system.

[0068] This utility model provides a vehicle including the electric drive system described above.

[0069] The beneficial effects of the vehicle in this embodiment are the same as those of the electric drive system described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] Although the present invention has been disclosed above, its protection scope is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric drive system, characterized in that, The assembly includes a housing assembly (1), a motor (2), a reducer (3), and an oil filter (4), an oil pump (5), and an oil cooler (6) mounted on the housing assembly (1). The housing assembly (1) is provided with an oil storage chamber (14), a first receiving chamber (15) for accommodating the motor (2), and a second receiving chamber (16) for accommodating the reducer (3). The oil storage chamber (14) is located below the first receiving chamber (15). The motor (2) includes a stator winding (21) and a first bearing (22). The reducer (3) includes a second bearing (31). The first bearing (22) and the second bearing (31) are respectively disposed at both axial ends of the housing assembly (1). The housing assembly (1) has a first oil passage (71), a second oil passage (72), a third oil passage (73), a fourth oil passage (74), a fifth oil passage (75), and a main oil passage (76) on its shell wall. The inlet and outlet of the oil filter (4) are respectively connected to the oil storage chamber (14) and the inlet of the oil pump (5). The outlet of the oil pump (5) and the oil inlet of the oil cooler (6) are connected through the first oil passage (71). The oil outlet of the oil cooler (6) is connected to the main oil passage (76) through the second oil passage (72). The third oil passage (73), the fourth oil passage (74), and the main oil passage (76) are connected through the second oil passage (72). The fifth oil passage (75) is connected to the main oil passage (76) and extends to the stator winding (21), the first bearing (22) and the second bearing (31) respectively. The lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber (14) flows into the main oil passage (76) through the oil filter (4), the oil pump (5), the first oil passage (71), the oil cooler (6) and the second oil passage (72) in sequence, and then flows to the stator winding (21), the first bearing (22) and the second bearing (31) through the third oil passage (73), the fourth oil passage (74) and the fifth oil passage (75) respectively.

2. The electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing assembly (1) includes a first end cap (11), an intermediate housing (12), and a second end cap (13) arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The intermediate housing (12) is open at one end facing the first end cap (11). The first end cap (11) and the intermediate housing (12) form the first receiving cavity (15), and the second end cap (13) and the intermediate housing (12) form the second receiving cavity (16). The first bearing (22) and the second bearing (31) are respectively mounted on the first end cover (11) and the second end cover (13). The oil filter (4), the oil pump (5), the oil cooler (6) and the oil storage chamber (14) are all mounted on the intermediate housing (12). The main oil passage (76), the first oil passage (71), the second oil passage (72) and the third oil passage (73) are mounted on the intermediate housing (12). The fourth oil passage (74) is mounted on the first end cover (11). The fifth oil passage (75) is mounted on the cavity wall of the second receiving cavity (16).

3. The electric drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motor (2) also includes a motor shaft (23) and a third bearing (24). The motor shaft (23) is provided with a first cavity (231) and a first oil injection hole. The first cavity (231) is arranged through the motor shaft (23) along the axial direction. One end of the first oil injection hole is connected to the first cavity (231), and the other end passes through the circumferential outer wall of the motor shaft (23) and faces the third bearing (24). The fourth oil passage (74) includes a first oil passage (741) and a second oil passage (742). The main oil passage (76) and the second oil passage (742) are respectively connected to the first oil passage (741). The first oil passage (741) is connected to the opening at one end of the first cavity (231). The second oil passage (742) extends to the first bearing (22). The lubricating oil of the main oil passage (76) flows into the first cavity (231) through the first oil passage (741) and flows to the first bearing (22) in sequence through the first oil passage (741) and the second oil passage (742).

4. The electric drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first end cap (11) includes an end cap body (111) and a support plate (112). The support plate (112) is sleeved on one end of the motor shaft (23) and fixed on the end cap body (111). The first oil passage (741) includes a first channel (7411) provided on the end cap body (111) and a second channel (7412) provided on the support plate (112). The first channel (7411) is connected to the main oil passage (76). The opening at one end of the first cavity (231) and the first channel (7411) are respectively connected to the second channel (7412). The second oil passage (742) is connected to the first channel (7411). The lubricating oil of the main oil passage (76) flows into the first cavity (231) in sequence through the first channel (7411) and the second channel (7412), and flows to the first bearing (22) in sequence through the first channel (7411) and the second oil passage (742).

5. The electric drive system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end cap body (111) includes a first cover (1112) and a second cover (1113) that are detachably connected along the axial direction of the motor shaft (23). The support plate (112) is disposed between the first cover (1112) and the second cover (1113), and the first channel (7411) and the second oil passage (742) are respectively disposed on the first cover (1112) and the second cover (1113).

6. The electric drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a half shaft (8), which passes through the first cavity (231) and is in clearance fit with the first cavity (231), and the half shaft (8) is connected to the first end cover (11) through the first bearing (22).

7. The electric drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fifth oil passage (75) includes a third oil passage (751) and a fourth oil passage (752) that are interconnected. The third oil passage (751) is located on the intermediate housing (12) and is connected to the main oil passage (76). The fourth oil passage (752) is located on the second end cap (13) and extends to the second bearing (31). The lubricating oil of the main oil passage (76) flows to the second bearing (31) in sequence through the third oil passage (751) and the fourth oil passage (752).

8. The electric drive system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reducer (3) also includes a planetary gear assembly, which includes a planetary shaft (32), a planetary carrier (33), a fourth bearing (34), a fifth bearing (35), and an oil collection tray (36) with an oil groove (361). The planetary carrier (33) is connected to the intermediate housing (12) through the fifth bearing (35). The fourth bearing (34) is sleeved on the planetary shaft (32). The oil collection tray (36) is located at one end of the planetary shaft (32). The planetary shaft (32) is provided with a second cavity (321) and a second oil injection hole (322). The second cavity (321) is arranged through the axial direction of the planetary shaft (32), and one end of the second cavity (321) is connected to the oil groove (361), while the other end faces the fifth bearing (35). One end of the second oil injection hole (322) is connected to the second cavity (321), while the other end passes through the circumferential outer wall of the planetary shaft (32) and faces the fourth bearing (34). The fourth oil passage (752) includes a third channel (7521) and a fourth channel (7522) that are interconnected. The third channel (7521) is connected to the third oil passage (751) and extends to the second bearing (31). The fourth channel (7522) is connected to the oil groove (361). The lubricating oil of the main oil passage (76) flows to the second bearing (31) in sequence through the third oil passage (751) and the third channel (7521), and flows to the fifth bearing (35) in sequence through the third oil passage (751), the third channel (7521), the fourth channel (7522), the oil groove (361), and the second cavity (321). The lubricating oil in the second cavity (321) also flows to the fourth bearing (34) through the second oil injection hole (322).

9. The electric drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motor (2) also includes a stator core (25) and two oil injection rings (26). The stator core (25) is provided with a stator oil passage (251). The stator oil passage (251) passes through the end faces of both ends of the stator core (25) in the axial direction. The two oil injection rings (26) are respectively disposed at both ends of the stator core (25) and respectively sleeved on both ends of the stator winding (21). Each oil injection ring (26) forms an oil cavity (9) with the intermediate housing (12) and the stator core (25). The two ends of the stator oil passage (251) are respectively connected to the two oil cavities (9). The third oil passage (73) is connected to one of the two oil cavities (9).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the electric drive system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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