A marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module, device and system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module, equipment and system, wherein: energy control submodule and switch control submodule, power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule and electric energy transmission submodule are electrically connected;Switch control submodule and electric energy transmission submodule, power battery submodule are electrically connected;Switch control submodule and power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule are electrically connected;Fuel cell control submodule and power battery submodule are electrically connected;Electric energy transmission submodule second output end is as the output port of marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module.The utility model provides a kind of marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module, equipment and system, by parallel type design and preset output power table, the mixed output proportion of two kinds of batteries can be controlled by switch component, avoid frequent start fuel cell, reduce use cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of marine power systems, and in particular to a hybrid control module, device and system for marine fuel cells and power batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, diesel power systems are still widely used in marine propulsion systems, but these systems suffer from drawbacks such as high pollution, high noise, and high fuel consumption. In recent years, hydrogen fuel cells have gradually been adopted in marine propulsion systems due to their high efficiency and low emissions. However, related application research and development is still in its early stages. Furthermore, hydrogen fuel cells suffer from problems such as start-up delay, load variation delay, and control feedback delay, requiring the use of high-output, high-dynamic-response power batteries to quickly supplement the ship's power demands. However, this technological solution also presents the following challenges: firstly, frequent start-ups and low-power operation of fuel cells can adversely affect battery life and efficiency; secondly, power mismatch in hybrid power systems can lead to high-frequency fluctuations in the ship's electrical grid voltage.

[0003] In the current technological context, to address the slow response speed of hydrogen fuel cells, the power battery and the hydrogen fuel cell are connected in series. However, due to the voltage difference between the power battery and the hydrogen fuel cell, this can lead to a decrease in system efficiency and even cause component overload. To maintain the balance of the ship's bus power, the hydrogen fuel cell needs to be frequently started for replenishment, but this operation may shorten the battery's lifespan. Furthermore, the power battery has a low energy density, requiring a large number of battery packs to meet the ship's range requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model aims to provide a hybrid control module, device, and system for marine fuel cells and power batteries to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. By adopting a parallel coupling design of power batteries and fuel cells, the two energy sources can work together to drive the operation of the ship. At the same time, the hybrid output ratio of power batteries and fuel cells is controlled by a switching component according to a preset output power meter, avoiding frequent start-up of fuel cells and reducing operating costs.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries, comprising an energy control submodule, a power battery submodule, a fuel cell control submodule, a switch control submodule, and a power transmission submodule, wherein:

[0006] The second control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch control submodule, the first control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power battery submodule, the first control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the input terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the power transmission submodule.

[0007] The first output terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the power transmission submodule, the second output terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the power battery submodule, the second input terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power battery submodule, and the third input terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule.

[0008] The second output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the power battery submodule;

[0009] The second output terminal of the power transmission submodule serves as the output port of the hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries.

[0010] In the above scheme, the power battery in the power battery submodule is assumed to be fully charged upon ship startup. The ship's external control lever triggers the hybrid control module for the marine fuel cell and power battery via a mechanical structure, initiating its operation. Then, the energy control submodule controls the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power table. This ensures that the power battery submodule and fuel cell control submodule output power in a mixed manner to the switch control submodule at a first preset power ratio. After inversion by the switch control submodule, the power is output to the power transmission submodule. Finally, sensors in the energy control submodule collect the voltage and current output from the power transmission submodule and convert them into electrical signals. The energy control submodule then again controls the power transmission submodule according to the pre-stored preset output power table.

[0011] When the charge level in the power battery submodule falls below a preset power battery charge threshold, a low charge signal is generated and fed back to the energy control submodule via the switch control submodule and the power transmission submodule. The energy control submodule then controls the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power table. This ensures that the power battery submodule and fuel cell control submodule output a mixed signal to the switch control submodule at a second preset ratio, which is then inverted and output to the power transmission submodule. Simultaneously, the fuel cell control submodule charges the power battery submodule until its charge level reaches the preset power battery charge threshold, at which point charging stops. Finally, sensors in the energy control submodule collect the voltage and current output from the power transmission submodule and convert them into electrical signals. The energy control submodule then again controls the system according to the pre-stored preset output power table.

[0012] During ship braking, the power battery submodule is assumed to be not fully charged: the ship's external control lever triggers the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module via a mechanical structure, causing the hybrid control module to initiate braking. The energy control submodule controls the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power meter. This causes the power battery submodule and fuel cell control submodule to stop supplying power to the power transmission submodule, while the power battery submodule receives electrical energy converted from external mechanical energy through the switch control submodule, until the power battery submodule's charge level reaches a preset power battery charge threshold, at which point charging stops.

[0013] In the above scheme, the energy control submodule can collect the voltage and current output by the power transmission submodule and convert them into electrical signals. The energy control submodule can also control the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power meter, ensuring that the power battery and fuel cell output in a certain ratio. The power battery submodule can then provide power to the output of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module, and can also receive charging energy from the fuel cell control submodule and recover braking energy for charging. The fuel cell control submodule can supply power to the output of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module, and can also charge the power battery submodule when the power battery charge is below a preset power battery charge threshold. Next, the switch control submodule can switch on and off according to instructions from the energy control submodule to achieve the mixing of power battery and fuel cell power. The switch control submodule can also invert the DC power output from the power battery and fuel cell into AC power to match the AC power output requirements of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module. Finally, an energy transmission submodule transmits the hybrid energy to the output of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module. It also feeds back real-time output voltage and current to the energy control submodule, allowing it to control the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule based on the output voltage and current and a preset output power meter. By utilizing the hybrid control module for both the power battery and fuel cell, the power battery capacity of the ship's power battery submodule can be reduced, lowering battery costs. Furthermore, the high energy density of the fuel cell allows for a smaller storage tank. The parallel coupling design of the power battery and fuel cell enables the two energy sources to work together to drive the ship's operation. Simultaneously, the hybrid output ratio of the power battery and fuel cell is controlled by a switch assembly based on a preset output power meter, avoiding frequent fuel cell starts and reducing operating costs.

[0014] Furthermore, the fuel cell control submodule and the power battery submodule are connected in parallel to the energy control submodule.

[0015] In the above scheme, the volume ratio of the power battery is reduced by connecting the fuel cell control submodule and the power battery submodule in parallel to the energy control submodule.

[0016] Furthermore, the energy control submodule includes a data acquisition circuit and an energy control circuit, wherein:

[0017] The output terminal of the data acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the energy control circuit, and the input terminal of the data acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the power transmission submodule as the input terminal of the energy control submodule.

[0018] The first control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power battery submodule as the first control terminal of the energy control submodule. The first control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule. The second control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch control submodule as the second control terminal of the energy control submodule.

[0019] In the above scheme, the data acquisition circuit can collect the voltage and current output by the power transmission submodule through sensors, convert them into electrical signals, and transmit them to the energy control circuit for processing via wires. Then, the energy control circuit can control the output power of the power battery submodule and the power battery submodule according to the electrical signals and the pre-stored preset output power meter. The energy control circuit is connected to the switch control submodule through a control signal line to control the opening or closing of the switch control submodule.

[0020] Furthermore, the power battery submodule includes a power battery circuit, a bidirectional switching circuit, and a power control circuit, specifically:

[0021] The output terminal of the power battery circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit, and the input terminal of the power battery circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit.

[0022] The second output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the switch control submodule as the output terminal of the power battery submodule, the second input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the switch control submodule as the first input terminal of the power battery submodule, and the third input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power control circuit.

[0023] The power control circuit control terminal is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the energy control circuit as the power battery sub-module control terminal, and the power control circuit input terminal is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the fuel cell control sub-module as the power battery sub-module input terminal.

[0024] In the above scheme, the power battery circuit is used to store and provide power battery energy, preventing the slow response speed of the fuel cell from causing a decrease in the efficiency of the hybrid control module of the marine fuel cell and power battery. Next, a bidirectional switching circuit is used to control the charging and discharging path of the power battery circuit, enabling it to discharge when the power battery charge level is not below a preset threshold, and to receive energy from the fuel cell and recover braking energy when the charge level is below the preset threshold. Then, a power control circuit is used to receive power distribution commands from the energy control circuit, output according to a preset output power table, and also to receive charging commands from the fuel cell control submodule when charging is needed, thereby opening the charging path to the power battery circuit.

[0025] Furthermore, the fuel cell control submodule includes a fuel cell circuit, a one-way switching circuit, and a fuel control circuit, specifically:

[0026] The output terminal of the fuel cell circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the unidirectional switch circuit.

[0027] The output terminal of the one-way switch circuit is electrically connected to the third input terminal of the switch control submodule as the first output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the second input terminal of the one-way switch circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the fuel control circuit.

[0028] The second output terminal of the fuel control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power control circuit as the second output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the control terminal of the fuel control circuit is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the energy control circuit as the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule.

[0029] In the above scheme, the fuel cell circuit converts chemical energy into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction, providing output power to the hybrid control module of the marine fuel cell and power battery. A unidirectional switch circuit then controls the unidirectional flow of electrical energy in the fuel cell, preventing reverse flow from damaging the fuel cell. Finally, a fuel control circuit, based on the power distribution commands from the energy control circuit, outputs or stops outputting electrical energy according to a preset output power meter, providing output power to the hybrid control module of the marine fuel cell and power battery or charging the power battery circuit.

[0030] Furthermore, the switch control submodule includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, a unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, and a DC / AC inverter circuit, specifically:

[0031] The first input terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit as the second input terminal of the switch control submodule. The first output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit as the second output terminal of the switch control submodule. The second output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit. The third output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit.

[0032] The input terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the unidirectional switch circuit as the third input terminal of the switch control submodule. The first output terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit. The second output terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit.

[0033] The output terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the power transmission submodule as the first output terminal of the switch control submodule, and the control terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the energy control circuit as the control terminal of the switch control submodule.

[0034] In the above scheme, a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit can be used to achieve bidirectional energy conversion between the electrical energy generated by the power battery and the mechanical energy recovered after braking, supporting both discharging and charging modes. Then, a unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit can be used to convert the DC voltage output by the fuel cell into a voltage consistent with the ship's electrical grid, supporting only unidirectional energy flow. A DC / AC inverter circuit is used to convert the DC power output from both batteries into AC power, adapting to the AC load requirements of the hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries.

[0035] Furthermore, the power transmission submodule includes a rectifier circuit and a frequency converter circuit, wherein:

[0036] The input terminal of the rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit, serving as the input terminal of the power transmission submodule.

[0037] The input terminal of the frequency converter circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the rectifier circuit, the first output terminal of the frequency converter circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data acquisition circuit, and the second output terminal of the frequency converter circuit serves as the output terminal of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module.

[0038] In the above scheme, the AC power output from the DC / AC inverter circuit is converted into DC power by a rectifier circuit, providing a stable DC input for the subsequent frequency converter circuit. Then, the rectified DC power is converted into AC power with an adjustable frequency by the frequency converter submodule, which is used to drive the output of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module and adapt it to its operating conditions.

[0039] This utility model provides a hybrid control device for marine fuel cells and power batteries, wherein the device is equipped with the hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries as described above; the device includes an input interface and an output interface; wherein:

[0040] The third control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the input interface;

[0041] The output interface is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the power transmission submodule.

[0042] This utility model provides a hybrid control device for marine fuel cells and power batteries. In practical applications, it only requires electrical connection between the third control terminal of the energy control submodule and the input interface. When the ship needs to decelerate or stop, the pressure sensor in the data acquisition circuit is triggered by the external joystick during start-up or braking. This converts the joystick action into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the energy control submodule through the input interface, triggering the ship's start-up or braking logic. By electrically connecting the power transmission submodule to the output interface, adapted AC power can be output to the load connected externally to the hybrid control device to drive the load.

[0043] This utility model provides a hybrid control system for marine fuel cells and power batteries, including the hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries and the motor sub-module as described above; wherein:

[0044] The input terminal of the motor submodule is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the power transmission submodule, and the first output terminal of the motor submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the switch control submodule.

[0045] This utility model provides a hybrid control system for marine fuel cells and power batteries. In practical applications, in addition to the aforementioned hybrid control module, a motor submodule is also included. The motor submodule serves as the ship's actuator, enabling the motor submodule to be driven by the electrical energy output from the hybrid control module. Simultaneously, the mechanical energy output from the transmission end of the motor submodule can be recovered into the power battery submodule via a switch control submodule.

[0046] Furthermore, it also includes a propeller submodule; wherein:

[0047] The input end of the propeller submodule is electrically connected to the transmission end of the motor submodule.

[0048] In the above scheme, the propeller submodule can convert the mechanical energy output from the transmission end of the motor submodule into the thrust required for ship propulsion, thereby enabling ship navigation. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between a marine fuel cell and a power battery hybrid control module provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid control system architecture for a marine fuel cell and a power battery, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0052] This embodiment provides a hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries. For details of its architecture, please refer to [link to specific documentation]. Figure 1 It includes an energy control submodule, a power battery submodule, a fuel cell control submodule, a switch control submodule, and a power transmission submodule, wherein:

[0053] The second control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch control submodule, the first control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power battery submodule, the first control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the input terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the power transmission submodule.

[0054] The first output terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the power transmission submodule, the second output terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the power battery submodule, the second input terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power battery submodule, and the third input terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule.

[0055] The second output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the power battery submodule;

[0056] The second output terminal of the power transmission submodule serves as the output port of the hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries.

[0057] In this embodiment, a hydrogen fuel cell is selected.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the ship starts, the power battery in the power battery submodule is assumed to be fully charged. First, the power battery acts as the main power source, providing power to the hybrid control module of the marine fuel cell and power battery. The ship's external control lever triggers the hybrid control module via a mechanical structure, initiating its operation. Then, the energy control submodule controls the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power table. This ensures that the power battery submodule and fuel cell control submodule output power in a mixed manner to the switch control submodule at a first preset power ratio. After inversion by the switch control submodule, the power is output to the power transmission submodule. Finally, sensors in the energy control submodule collect the voltage and current (i.e., power information) output from the power transmission submodule and convert them into electrical signals. The energy control submodule then controls the power transmission submodule again according to the pre-stored preset output power table.

[0059] During normal navigation, when the charge level in the power battery submodule falls below a preset power battery charge threshold, the hydrogen fuel cell acts as the main power source, replacing the power battery to provide power to the hybrid control module of the marine fuel cell and power battery, and replenishing the power battery as needed. A low-charge signal is generated and fed back to the energy control submodule via the switch control submodule and the power transmission submodule. This causes the energy control submodule to control the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power table. The power battery submodule and fuel cell control submodule then output a mixture to the switch control submodule at a second preset ratio, which is then inverted and output to the power transmission submodule. Simultaneously, the fuel cell control submodule charges the power battery submodule until its charge level reaches the preset power battery charge threshold, at which point charging stops. Finally, sensors in the energy control submodule collect the voltage and current output from the power transmission submodule and convert them into electrical signals. The energy control submodule then controls the system again according to the pre-stored preset output power table.

[0060] During ship braking, the power battery submodule is assumed to be not fully charged: the ship's external control lever triggers the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module via a mechanical structure, causing the hybrid control module to initiate braking. The energy control submodule controls the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power meter. This causes the power battery submodule and fuel cell control submodule to stop supplying power to the power transmission submodule, while the power battery submodule receives electrical energy converted from external mechanical energy through the switch control submodule, until the power battery submodule's charge level reaches a preset power battery charge threshold, at which point charging stops.

[0061] In this embodiment, the energy control submodule can acquire the transient voltage and current output of the power transmission submodule and convert them into electrical signals. In this embodiment, the power transmission submodule uses an AC bus for transmission. The energy control submodule can also control the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power table, ensuring that the power battery and fuel cell output at a certain ratio. The power battery submodule can then provide power to the output of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module, and can also receive charging energy from the fuel cell control submodule and recover braking energy for charging. The fuel cell control submodule can supply power to the output of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module, and can also charge the power battery submodule when the power battery charge is below a preset power battery charge threshold. The fuel cell in the fuel cell control submodule is inefficient when the power transmission submodule is at low power output. A minimum output power for the fuel cell is preset in the output power table. When the hydrogen fuel cell acts as the main power source, replacing the motive battery to provide power to the hybrid control module for the marine fuel cell and motive battery, it starts outputting at the minimum power. Any excess power is determined based on the motive battery's charge status. If the motive battery is not fully charged, it is charged via the hydrogen fuel cell; otherwise, the load in the hybrid control module consumes the power. A switching control submodule then switches the power source and motive battery according to commands from the energy control submodule, enabling the mixing of power from the motive battery and fuel cell. This switching control submodule can also invert the direct current (DC) output from the motive battery and fuel cell into alternating current (AC) to match the AC output requirements of the hybrid control module. Finally, an electrical energy transmission submodule can transmit the hybrid electrical energy to the output of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module, and can feed back the real-time output voltage and current to the energy control submodule. This allows the energy control submodule to control the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule based on the output voltage and current and a preset output power meter. Through the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module of this embodiment, the synergistic utilization of the power battery and hydrogen fuel cell can reduce the power battery capacity of the ship's power battery submodule, lowering battery costs. Furthermore, because hydrogen has a high energy density, the size of the hydrogen storage tank can be reduced. Moreover, by adopting a parallel coupling design of the power battery and fuel cell, the two energy sources can work together to drive the ship's operation. Simultaneously, the hybrid output ratio of the power battery and fuel cell is controlled by a switch component according to a preset output power meter, avoiding frequent fuel cell starts and reducing operating costs.

[0062] In this embodiment, the energy control submodule controls the power battery submodule, fuel cell control submodule, and switch control submodule according to a pre-stored preset output power table. For example, when the ship starts or accelerates, the default output port load power of the ship's energy control submodule can be 100% of its rated power. In this case, the energy control submodule can output a mixed power output from the power battery submodule at 70% load power and from the fuel cell control submodule at 30% load power via the activated switch control submodule. Conversely, when the ship is cruising, the default output port load power of the ship's energy control submodule can be 60% of its rated power. In this case, the energy control submodule can output a mixed power output from the power battery submodule at 20% load power and from the fuel cell control submodule at 80% load power via the activated switch control submodule. The module performs mixed output; for example, when the ship is sailing at low speed, the output port load power of the ship energy control submodule can be assumed to be 30% of the rated power. In this case, the energy control submodule can output the power battery submodule at 40% of the load power and the fuel cell control submodule at 60% of the load power through the on switch control submodule. When the ship is braking or in standby mode, the output port load power of the ship energy control submodule can be assumed to be 5% of the rated power. In this case, the energy control submodule can output the power battery submodule at 0% of the load power and the fuel cell control submodule at 20% of the load power (assuming that the minimum output power of the fuel cell control submodule is 20% of the load power) for ship braking, and the switch control submodule is in the off state.

[0063] Furthermore, the fuel cell control submodule and the power battery submodule are connected in parallel to the energy control submodule.

[0064] In this embodiment, by connecting the fuel cell control submodule and the power battery submodule in parallel to the energy control submodule, the volume ratio of the power battery is reduced.

[0065] Furthermore, the energy control submodule includes a data acquisition circuit and an energy control circuit, wherein:

[0066] The output terminal of the data acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the energy control circuit, and the input terminal of the data acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the power transmission submodule as the input terminal of the energy control submodule.

[0067] The first control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power battery submodule as the first input terminal of the energy control submodule. The first control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule. The second control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch control submodule as the second control terminal of the energy control submodule.

[0068] In this embodiment, a data acquisition circuit uses sensors to collect the voltage and current output from the power transmission submodule, converts them into electrical signals, and transmits them to the energy control circuit for processing via wires. The energy control circuit then controls the output power of the power battery submodule and its components based on changes in the electrical signals and a pre-stored preset output power meter. This reduces low-power output from the fuel cell, improving its efficiency and lifespan. Finally, the energy control circuit is connected to the switch control submodule via a control signal line to control the switching on or off of the submodule.

[0069] Furthermore, the power battery submodule includes a power battery circuit, a bidirectional switching circuit, and a power control circuit, specifically:

[0070] The output terminal of the power battery circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit, and the input terminal of the power battery circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit.

[0071] The second output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the switch control submodule as the output terminal of the power battery submodule, the second input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the switch control submodule as the first input terminal of the power battery submodule, and the third input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power control circuit.

[0072] The power control circuit control terminal is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the energy control circuit as the power battery sub-module control terminal, and the power control circuit input terminal is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the fuel cell control sub-module as the power battery sub-module input terminal.

[0073] In this embodiment, a power battery circuit is used to store and provide power battery energy, preventing the slow response speed of the fuel cell from causing a decrease in the efficiency of the hybrid control module of the marine fuel cell and power battery. The power battery can also be used as an independent power source. Next, a bidirectional switching circuit is used to control the charging and discharging path of the power battery circuit, enabling it to discharge when the battery level is not below a preset power battery charge threshold, and to receive energy from the fuel cell and recover braking energy when the battery level is below the preset power battery charge threshold. Then, a power control circuit is used to receive power distribution commands from the energy control circuit, output power according to a preset output power table, and also to receive charging commands from the fuel cell control submodule when charging is needed, thereby opening the charging path to the power battery circuit.

[0074] Furthermore, the fuel cell control submodule includes a fuel cell circuit, a one-way switching circuit, and a fuel control circuit, specifically:

[0075] The output terminal of the fuel cell circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the unidirectional switch circuit.

[0076] The output terminal of the one-way switch circuit is electrically connected to the third input terminal of the switch control submodule as the first output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the second input terminal of the one-way switch circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the fuel control circuit.

[0077] The control terminal of the fuel control circuit is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the energy control circuit as the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the second output terminal of the fuel control circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the power control circuit as the second output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule.

[0078] In this embodiment, a fuel cell circuit converts chemical energy into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction, providing output power to the hybrid control module for the marine fuel cell and power battery. A unidirectional switch circuit then controls the unidirectional flow of electrical energy in the fuel cell, preventing reverse flow from damaging the fuel cell. Finally, a fuel control circuit, based on power distribution commands from the energy control circuit, outputs or stops outputting electrical energy according to a preset output power meter, providing output power to the hybrid control module or charging the power battery circuit.

[0079] Furthermore, the switch control submodule includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, a unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, and a DC / AC inverter circuit, specifically:

[0080] The first input terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit as the second input terminal of the switch control submodule. The first output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit as the second output terminal of the switch control submodule. The second output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit. The third output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit.

[0081] The input terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the unidirectional switch circuit as the third input terminal of the switch control submodule. The first output terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit. The second output terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit.

[0082] The output terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the power transmission submodule as the first output terminal of the switch control submodule, and the control terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the energy control circuit as the control terminal of the switch control submodule.

[0083] In this embodiment, the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit in the switch control submodule is connected to the power battery module via a bidirectional switch; the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is connected to the fuel cell control module via a unidirectional switch; and the DC / AC inverter circuit is connected to the AC bus of the power transmission submodule. By employing the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, the power battery voltage can be converted to a voltage consistent with the ship's electrical grid, or the regenerative braking energy can be converted to the power battery's charging voltage, supporting both discharging and charging modes, improving energy utilization and reducing the burden on the fuel cell. Simultaneously, depending on the power battery's charge level, charging the power battery via the hydrogen fuel cell can reduce deep discharge and extend battery life. Then, by employing the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, the DC voltage output from the hydrogen fuel cell can be converted to a voltage consistent with the ship's electrical grid, avoiding power fluctuations in the ship's electrical grid and supporting only unidirectional power flow. The DC / AC inverter circuit converts the DC output from both batteries into AC power, adapting to the AC load requirements of the hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries.

[0084] Furthermore, the power transmission submodule includes a rectifier circuit and a frequency converter circuit, wherein:

[0085] The input terminal of the rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit, serving as the input terminal of the power transmission submodule.

[0086] The input terminal of the frequency converter circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the rectifier circuit, the first output terminal of the frequency converter circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data acquisition circuit, and the second output terminal of the frequency converter circuit serves as the output terminal of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module.

[0087] In this embodiment, the AC power output from the DC / AC inverter circuit is converted into DC power by a rectifier circuit, providing a stable DC input for the subsequent frequency converter circuit. Then, the rectified DC power is converted into AC power with an adjustable frequency by the frequency converter submodule, which drives the output of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module and adapts it to its operating conditions.

[0088] This embodiment provides a hybrid control device for marine fuel cells and power batteries, the device comprising the hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries as described above; the device includes an input interface and an output interface; wherein:

[0089] The third control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the input interface;

[0090] The output interface is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the power transmission submodule.

[0091] This embodiment provides a hybrid control device for marine fuel cells and power batteries. In practical applications, it only requires electrical connection between the third control terminal (data acquisition circuit control terminal) of the energy control submodule and the input interface. When the ship needs to decelerate or stop, the pressure sensor in the data acquisition circuit is triggered by a mechanical structure when the external joystick is started or braked (or when the automatic navigation system sends a start or brake signal to the data acquisition circuit). This converts the joystick movement into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the data acquisition circuit of the energy control submodule through the input interface, triggering the ship's start or brake logic. By electrically connecting the frequency converter circuit in the power transmission submodule to the output interface, adapted AC power can be output to the load connected to the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control device to drive the load.

[0092] This embodiment provides a hybrid control system for marine fuel cells and power batteries, including a hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries and a motor submodule as described above; wherein:

[0093] The input terminal of the motor submodule is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the power transmission submodule, and the first output terminal of the motor submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the switch control submodule.

[0094] This embodiment provides a hybrid control system for marine fuel cells and power batteries. In practical applications, in addition to the aforementioned hybrid control module, a motor submodule is also included. The motor submodule serves as the ship's actuator, enabling the motor submodule to be driven by the electrical energy output from the hybrid control module. The first input terminal of the switch control submodule is the second input terminal of a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit. Therefore, the mechanical energy output from the drive end of the motor submodule can be recovered into the power battery submodule through the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit in the switch control submodule.

[0095] Furthermore, it also includes a propeller submodule; wherein:

[0096] The input end of the propeller submodule is electrically connected to the transmission end of the motor submodule.

[0097] In this embodiment, the propeller submodule can convert the mechanical energy output from the motor submodule transmission end into the thrust required for ship propulsion through the gear unit. The propeller blades rotate to accelerate the water flow, and the reaction force of the water is used to propel the hull forward or perform other movements.

[0098] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries, characterized in that, It includes an energy control submodule, a power battery submodule, a fuel cell control submodule, a switch control submodule, and a power transmission submodule, among which: The second control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch control submodule, the first control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power battery submodule, the first control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the input terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the power transmission submodule. The first output terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the power transmission submodule, the second output terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the power battery submodule, the second input terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power battery submodule, and the third input terminal of the switch control submodule is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule. The second output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the power battery submodule; The second output terminal of the power transmission submodule serves as the output port of the hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries.

2. The marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell control submodule and the power battery submodule are connected in parallel to the energy control submodule.

3. The marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy control submodule includes a data acquisition circuit and an energy control circuit, wherein: The output terminal of the data acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the energy control circuit, and the input terminal of the data acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the power transmission submodule as the input terminal of the energy control submodule. The first control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the power battery submodule as the first control terminal of the energy control submodule. The first control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule. The second control terminal of the energy control circuit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch control submodule as the second control terminal of the energy control submodule.

4. A hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power battery submodule includes a power battery circuit, a bidirectional switching circuit, and a power control circuit, specifically: The output terminal of the power battery circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit, and the input terminal of the power battery circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit. The second output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the switch control submodule as the output terminal of the power battery submodule, the second input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the switch control submodule as the first input terminal of the power battery submodule, and the third input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power control circuit. The power control circuit control terminal is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the energy control circuit as the power battery sub-module control terminal, and the power control circuit input terminal is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the fuel cell control sub-module as the power battery sub-module input terminal.

5. A hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fuel cell control submodule includes a fuel cell circuit, a one-way switch circuit, and a fuel control circuit, specifically: The output terminal of the fuel cell circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the unidirectional switch circuit. The output terminal of the one-way switch circuit is electrically connected to the third input terminal of the switch control submodule as the first output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the second input terminal of the one-way switch circuit is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the fuel control circuit. The control terminal of the fuel control circuit is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the energy control circuit as the control terminal of the fuel cell control submodule, and the second output terminal of the fuel control circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the power control circuit as the second output terminal of the fuel cell control submodule.

6. A hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switch control submodule includes a bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, a unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit, and a DC / AC inverter circuit, specifically: The first input terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit as the second input terminal of the switch control submodule. The first output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit as the second output terminal of the switch control submodule. The second output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit. The third output terminal of the bidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit. The input terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the unidirectional switch circuit as the third input terminal of the switch control submodule. The first output terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit. The second output terminal of the unidirectional DC / DC converter circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit. The output terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the power transmission submodule as the first output terminal of the switch control submodule, and the control terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the energy control circuit as the control terminal of the switch control submodule.

7. A hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power transmission submodule includes a rectifier circuit and a frequency converter circuit, wherein: The input terminal of the rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the DC / AC inverter circuit, serving as the input terminal of the power transmission submodule. The input terminal of the frequency converter circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the rectifier circuit, the first output terminal of the frequency converter circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data acquisition circuit, and the second output terminal of the frequency converter circuit serves as the output terminal of the marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module.

8. A hybrid control device for marine fuel cells and power batteries, characterized in that, The device is equipped with a hybrid control module for marine fuel cells and power batteries as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; the device includes an input interface and an output interface; wherein: The third control terminal of the energy control submodule is electrically connected to the input interface; The output interface is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the power transmission submodule.

9. A hybrid control system for marine fuel cells and power batteries, characterized in that, Includes a marine fuel cell and power battery hybrid control module and a motor submodule as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; wherein: The input terminal of the motor submodule is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the power transmission submodule, and the first output terminal of the motor submodule is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the switch control submodule.

10. A hybrid control system for marine fuel cells and power batteries according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a propeller submodule; wherein: The input end of the propeller submodule is electrically connected to the transmission end of the motor submodule.

Images