Adjustable pitch pumping unit
By adjusting the movement of the balance box to regulate the walking beam torque, the problems of complex structure and poor stability of variable pitch pumping units are solved, achieving efficient, stable operation and energy-saving effects for the pumping units.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KARAMAY SHENGQI DRILLING EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing variable pitch pumping units have complex structures and poor stability. Manual adjustment of the balance is labor-intensive, poses safety hazards, and consumes a lot of electricity.
The adjustable diameter and variable pitch pumping unit is adopted. The balance box moves along the length of the balance beam through the drive mechanism, and the torque at the right end of the walking beam is adjusted to match the load torque and the balance torque, thereby reducing the net torque fluctuation on the reducer output shaft and reducing the load on the drive motor.
It improves the operational stability of the pumping unit, reduces mechanical shock and reactive power loss, extends the well operation cycle, reduces annual maintenance costs, and improves energy saving rate and overall efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224314967U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil pumping unit technology, and is a diameter-adjustable pitch oil pumping unit. Background Technology
[0002] The balance of a pumping unit refers to the ratio of the maximum current during the downstroke to the maximum current during the upstroke during normal operation. A balance between 80% and 110% is generally considered reasonable. The quality of the pumping unit's balance directly affects the load and lifespan of the motor, as well as the overall stability of the unit and the lifespan of components such as connecting rods, cranks, and bearings. In severe cases, it can lead to pumping unit rollover accidents. Furthermore, the balance of the pumping unit affects the efficiency of the pumping system; both under-balancing and over-balancing increase power consumption. In actual production applications, changes in downhole conditions, dynamic fluid levels, and oil temperature and viscosity frequently alter the load on the pumping unit. A fixed counterweight is insufficient to balance the load, and the balance often exceeds the reasonable range, increasing the power consumption of the pumping unit and even causing component overload damage.
[0003] Currently, most oil pumping unit balance is adjusted manually by using clamp meters to measure the peak current of the upper and lower strokes of the pumping unit, determining the balance state, stopping the machine, and then moving the crank balance weights or increasing or decreasing the number of balance weights. Manual adjustment of the oil pumping unit balance is labor-intensive, sometimes requires the assistance of a crane, and has high operating costs.
[0004] Chinese patent document CN108691756A discloses an automatic balancing system and method for oil pumping units. The automatic balancing system for oil pumping units uses a power detection module to automatically detect the electric power during the upstroke and downstroke of the oil pumping unit during operation, a balance calculation module to calculate the balance, and an adjustment module to adjust the balance of the oil pumping unit and automatically control the system to form a real-time closed-loop automatic adjustment of the oil pumping unit balance. This achieves the goals of improving the efficiency of the pumping system, saving energy and electricity, and extending the life of the oil pumping unit. At the same time, it saves the labor intensity of oil pumping unit balance adjustment and improves work efficiency.
[0005] Chinese patent document CN105317408A discloses a variable torque energy-saving pumping unit. The pumping unit includes a walking beam, a support shaft assembly, a bracket, a horizontal shaft assembly, a drive assembly, a left vertical shaft assembly, a left counterweight arm, a left counterweight body, a right vertical shaft assembly, a right counterweight arm, a right counterweight body, a donkey head, and a drive assembly mounting frame. The walking beam is mounted on the top of the bracket via the support shaft assembly. A donkey head is mounted on one end of the walking beam, and the other end / tail end is mounted on the drive assembly mounting frame via the horizontal shaft assembly. The drive assembly is mounted on the drive assembly mounting frame. The counterweight arm and the counterweight body are controlled and adjusted by setting the drive assembly at the tail of the walking beam.
[0006] Chinese patent document CN1851230A discloses an automatic variable pitch pumping unit, which includes a motor, reducer, crank, connecting rod, bracket, counterweight device, walking beam, donkey head, flexible component, polished rod, and base. The motor, reducer, and bracket are fixedly mounted on the base. The middle part of the walking beam is hinged to the top of the bracket, and the donkey head is fixed to the front end of the walking beam. The middle part of the variable pitch balance beam is hinged to the rear end of the walking beam, and the counterweight device is installed at the rear end of the variable pitch balance beam. The upper end of the flexible component is fixedly mounted to the front end of the variable pitch balance beam, and the lower end of the flexible component is fixedly mounted to the polished rod. The middle part of the flexible component rests on the donkey head and can slide on the donkey head. The flexible component is made of flexible rope, flexible belt, or flexible chain. The middle part of the variable pitch balance beam is hinged to the rear end of the walking beam through a hinge support. The counterweight device is set at the tail of the walking beam, which can automatically increase the balancing torque when the load on the polished rod increases.
[0007] Other variable pitch pumping units are similar, but the aforementioned variable pitch pumping units have complex structures and poor overall stability during pitch changes. On-site balancing operations also pose certain safety hazards. Summary of the Invention
[0008] This utility model provides a diameter-adjustable pitch pumping unit that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and can effectively solve the problems of complex structure and poor overall stability of existing pitch pumping units.
[0009] The technical solution of this utility model is achieved through the following measures: A variable pitch pumping unit includes a base, a walking beam, a connecting rod, a crank, a bracket, a balance beam, a balance box, and a drive mechanism. A bracket is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base. The upper side of the bracket is hinged to the lower side of the middle of the walking beam. A working donkey head is fixedly installed on the left side of the walking beam. A balance beam is fixedly installed on the right side of the walking beam. A counterweight box is fixedly installed at the right end of the balance beam. A balance box and a drive mechanism that enable the sliding balance box to reciprocate along the length of the balance beam to adjust the torque at the right end of the walking beam are installed on the outside of the balance beam. A drive motor and a reducer are installed at intervals on the upper right side of the base. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the input shaft of the reducer. A crank is fixedly installed on the outside of the output shaft of the reducer. A connecting rod is hinged between the crank and the lower right side of the walking beam.
[0010] The right side of the balance beam is inclined downward relative to the left side. The drive mechanism includes a left shaft seat, a right shaft seat, a geared motor, a lead screw, a transmission nut, and a guide assembly. The left and right shaft seats are fixedly installed on the upper side of the balance beam at intervals. The geared motor is fixedly installed on the upper left side of the balance beam corresponding to the left position of the left shaft seat. The right end of the output shaft of the geared motor is connected to the left end of the lead screw. The right end of the lead screw passes through the left shaft seat and is rotatably installed with the right shaft seat. A transmission nut is screwed to the outer side of the middle part of the lead screw. The transmission nut is installed with the balance box, which is fitted on the outside of the balance beam and has a ring structure. A guide assembly is provided between the balance box and the balance beam.
[0011] The guide assembly includes a front fixed seat, a front support wheel, a rear fixed seat, a rear support wheel, a left adjustment assembly, and a right adjustment assembly. Front fixed seats are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the balance box corresponding to the position in front of the lead screw. A front support wheel that rotatably contacts the upper front side of the balance beam is rotatably installed in each front fixed seat. Rear fixed seats are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the balance box corresponding to the position behind the lead screw. A rear support wheel that rotatably contacts the upper rear side of the balance beam is rotatably installed in each rear fixed seat. Several left guide wheels and a left adjustment assembly capable of adjusting the distance between these left guide wheels and the lower side of the balance beam are spaced apart on the lower left side of the balance box. Several right guide wheels and a right adjustment assembly capable of adjusting the distance between these right guide wheels and the lower side of the balance beam are spaced apart on the lower right side of the balance box.
[0012] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned utility model technical solution:
[0013] The aforementioned right adjustment assembly may include a first adjustment seat, a second adjustment seat, a connecting rod, a first adjustment screw, and a second adjustment screw. The first adjustment seat is fixedly installed on the lower right side of the balance box, and the second adjustment seat with the same structure as the first adjustment seat is fixedly installed on the rear right side of the balance box. The front side of the first adjustment seat and the front side of the second adjustment seat are both provided with a first adjustment hole that runs through the front and rear and is oblong in shape. The connecting rod, whose rear outer side is located in the second adjustment hole of the second adjustment seat, passes through the first adjustment hole of the first adjustment seat. Two right guide wheels are fitted at intervals on the outer side of the middle part of the connecting rod corresponding to the position between the first adjustment seat and the second adjustment seat. The front outer side and the rear outer side of the connecting rod are respectively screwed with a first locking nut and a second locking nut. The upper and lower sides of the first adjustment seat corresponding to the position of the first locking nut are provided with a first adjustment screw hole. A first adjustment screw with its end in contact with the first locking nut is screwed into each first adjustment screw hole. The upper and lower sides of the second adjustment seat corresponding to the position of the second locking nut are provided with a second adjustment screw hole. A second adjustment screw with its end in contact with the second locking nut is screwed into each second adjustment screw hole. The right adjustment assembly has the same structure as the left adjustment assembly.
[0014] Limit nuts can be screwed onto the outer side of the connecting rod at the front and rear positions of each right guide wheel.
[0015] The lower front of the aforementioned balance box may be provided with a through front mounting hole, in which a front straightening sleeve is fixedly installed. A front clamping screw is screwed to the inner front part of the front straightening sleeve. A front straightening seat is slidably installed on the inner rear part of the front straightening sleeve. A front straightening wheel is rotatably installed on the rear part of the front straightening seat. A front compression spring is provided between the rear end of the front clamping screw and the front side of the front straightening seat, which can make the front straightening wheel abut against the front side of the balance beam. The lower rear of the balance box is provided with a through rear mounting hole, in which a rear straightening sleeve is fixedly installed. A rear clamping screw is screwed to the inner rear part of the rear straightening sleeve. A rear straightening seat is slidably installed on the inner front part of the rear straightening sleeve. A rear straightening wheel is rotatably installed on the front part of the rear straightening seat. A rear compression spring is provided between the front end of the rear clamping screw and the rear side of the rear straightening seat, which can make the rear straightening wheel abut against the rear side of the balance beam.
[0016] Mounting plates can be fixedly installed on the upper left and upper right sides of the aforementioned balance box. The upper middle part of the mounting plate is provided with a through mounting groove, and each mounting groove is provided with a connecting pin whose end is fixedly installed together with the outside of the transmission nut.
[0017] Two mounting seats can be fixedly installed at intervals on the upper side of the balance beam corresponding to the right position of the right axle seat. Each mounting seat has a support groove that runs through the front and back and is arc-shaped. Two first hinge seats are fixedly installed at intervals on the left side of the counterweight box. A first hinge shaft with its middle part located in the support groove is installed between the two first hinge seats. A fixing plate is fixedly installed on the right end of the balance beam. Several first connecting pieces are installed at intervals between the lower left side of the counterweight box and the fixing plate. A second hinge shaft is hinged between the left side of the balance beam and the upper right side of the walking beam. A first connecting plate is fixedly installed on the right end of the walking beam. A second connecting plate that gradually slopes downward from left to right is fixedly installed on the upper left end of the balance beam. Several second connecting pieces are installed at intervals between the lower part of the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate.
[0018] This utility model has a reasonable and compact structure. When the load on the walking beam on the working donkey head side increases, the drive mechanism moves to the right to increase the torque at the right end of the walking beam. When the load on the walking beam on the working donkey head side decreases, the drive mechanism causes the balance box to move to the left to decrease the torque at the right end of the walking beam.
[0019] Adjusting the torque at the right end of the walking beam can better match the load torque with the balance torque, thereby reducing the net torque fluctuation on the reducer output shaft, lowering the peak torque, and making the drive motor load more stable. This can improve the load rate, reduce reactive power loss, and increase the power factor and overall efficiency. It can also reduce mechanical shock, which helps to reduce fatigue damage to components. At the same time, smooth operation reduces pipe wear and stroke loss, extends the oil well operation cycle, reduces annual maintenance costs, and improves energy saving rate. The design of the drive mechanism can shorten the time for balancing operations. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1These are schematic diagrams of the main structure of embodiments one to six of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of embodiments one to six of this utility model.
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the balance beam in embodiments one to six of this utility model.
[0023] Figure 4 This is a top view of the balance beam in embodiments one through six of this utility model.
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left cross-sectional structure of the right adjustment component in embodiments two to six of this utility model.
[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the right guide wheel in embodiments two to six of this utility model.
[0026] Figure 7 This is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the first adjusting seat in embodiments two to six of this utility model.
[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the left cross-sectional structure of the front straightening sleeve in embodiments two to six of this utility model.
[0028] The codes in the diagram are as follows: 1 for base, 2 for walking beam, 3 for connecting rod, 4 for crank, 5 for balance beam, 6 for balance box, 7 for bracket, 8 for working donkey head, 9 for counterweight box, 10 for drive motor, 11 for reducer, 12 for left shaft seat, 13 for right shaft seat, 14 for geared motor, 15 for lead screw, 16 for transmission nut, 17 for front fixed seat, 18 for rear fixed seat, 19 for front support wheel, 20 for rear support wheel, 21 for right guide wheel, 22 for first adjusting seat, 23 for second adjusting seat, 24 for connecting rod, 25 for first adjusting screw, 26 for second adjusting screw, 27 for first adjusting hole, and 28 for first locking nut. 9 is the second locking nut, 30 is the left adjusting component, 31 is the limiting nut, 32 is the front centering sleeve, 33 is the rear centering sleeve, 34 is the front clamping screw, 35 is the rear clamping screw, 36 is the front centering seat, 37 is the rear centering seat, 38 is the front centering wheel, 39 is the rear centering wheel, 40 is the front compression spring, 41 is the rear compression spring, 42 is the mounting plate, 43 is the mounting groove, 44 is the connecting pin, 45 is the mounting base, 46 is the support groove, 47 is the first hinge seat, 48 is the first hinge shaft, 49 is the fixing plate, 50 is the first connecting piece, 51 is the second hinge shaft, 52 is the first connecting plate, 53 is the second connecting plate, and 54 is the second connecting piece. Detailed Implementation
[0029] This utility model is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation method can be determined according to the technical solution of this utility model and the actual situation.
[0030] In this utility model, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as the positional relationships of front, back, top, bottom, left, and right, which are based on the instructions attached. Figure 1 The orientation of the layout is determined by the direction of the map.
[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings:
[0032] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the adjustable pitch pumping unit includes a base 1, a walking beam 2, a connecting rod 3, a crank 4, a bracket 7, a balance beam 5, a balance box 6, and a drive mechanism. The bracket 7 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base 1. The upper side of the bracket 7 is hinged to the lower middle part of the walking beam 2. The working head 8 is fixedly installed on the left side of the walking beam 2. The balance beam 5 is fixedly installed on the right side of the walking beam 2. The counterweight box 9 is fixedly installed at the right end of the balance beam 5. The balance box 6 and the drive mechanism that enable the sliding balance box 6 to reciprocate along the length of the balance beam 5 to adjust the torque at the right end of the walking beam 2 are installed on the outside of the balance beam 5. The drive motor 10 and the reducer 11 are installed at intervals on the upper right side of the base 1. The output shaft of the drive motor 10 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer 11. The crank 4 is fixedly installed on the outside of the output shaft of the reducer 11. The connecting rod 3 is hinged between the crank 4 and the lower right side of the walking beam 2.
[0033] When the load on the walking beam 2 on the working donkey head 8 side increases, the drive mechanism causes the balance box 6 to move to the right (away from the right end of the walking beam 2) to increase the torque at the right end of the walking beam 2. When the load on the walking beam 2 on the working donkey head 8 side decreases, the drive mechanism causes the balance box 6 to move to the left (closer to the right end of the walking beam 2) to decrease the torque at the right end of the walking beam 2. The balance beam 5 is fixedly installed with the walking beam 2, which can improve the stability of the pumping unit during operation.
[0034] Adjusting the torque at the right end of the walking beam 2 can better match the load torque (on the working donkey head 8 side) with the balance torque (on the counterweight box 9 side), thereby reducing the net torque fluctuation on the output shaft of the reducer 11, lowering the peak torque, and making the load on the drive motor 10 more stable. This can improve the load rate, reduce reactive power loss, and increase the power factor and overall efficiency. It can also reduce mechanical shock, which helps to reduce fatigue damage to components. At the same time, smooth operation reduces pipe wear and stroke loss, extends the oil well operation cycle, reduces annual maintenance costs, and improves energy saving rate. The setting of the drive mechanism can shorten the time for balancing operations.
[0035] The right side of the balance beam 5 is inclined downward relative to the left side. The drive mechanism includes a left shaft seat 12, a right shaft seat 13, a geared motor 14, a lead screw 15, a transmission nut 16, and a guide assembly. The left shaft seat 12 and the right shaft seat 13 are fixedly installed on the upper side of the balance beam 5 at intervals. The geared motor 14 is fixedly installed on the upper left side of the balance beam 5 corresponding to the position to the left of the left shaft seat 12. The right end of the output shaft of the geared motor 14 is connected to the left end of the lead screw 15. The right end of the lead screw 15 passes through the left shaft seat 12 and is rotatably installed with the right shaft seat 13. The transmission nut 16 is screwed to the outer side of the middle part of the lead screw 15. The transmission nut 16 is installed with the balance box 6, which is fitted on the outside of the balance beam 5 and has a ring structure. A guide assembly is provided between the balance box 6 and the balance beam 5.
[0036] As required, the balance box 6 has a rectangular ring structure, and a balance cavity for installing counterweights is provided inside the balance box 6. In use, both the geared motor 14 and the drive motor 10 are connected to the controller, which is a known technology, such as the ANT-3200 series digital pumping unit intelligent controller, the SCZK-LH series digital pumping unit control cabinet, or the Ankong intelligent digital pumping unit controller.
[0037] When the pumping unit is working, the working head 8 drives the sucker rod and the fluid column in a reciprocating motion. During the upstroke, the working head 8 needs to lift the sucker rod string and the fluid column in the well, at which time the suspension point load is the largest, and the drive motor 10 needs to output more torque, resulting in an increase in current. During the downstroke, the sucker rod moves down by its own weight, and the drive motor 10 hardly needs to do any work; some energy can even be fed back, so the current decreases. This periodic current fluctuation is synchronized with the change in the suspension point load. When the upstroke current is significantly greater than the downstroke current, it indicates that the working head 8 is bearing a heavier fluid column load.
[0038] If the difference between the current during the up and down strokes is too large, the pumping unit will be unbalanced. For example, if the counterweight box 9 is too light or too heavy, when the counterweight box 9 is too light, the load on the walking beam 2 on the working donkey head 8 side increases, and the reduction motor 14 causes the balance box 6 to move to the right. When the counterweight box 9 is too heavy, the load on the walking beam 2 on the working donkey head 8 side decreases, and the reduction motor 14 causes the balance box 6 to move to the left. In this way, the balance of the pumping unit is achieved by adjusting the position of the balance box 6, reducing the load and energy consumption of the drive motor 10, and making the pumping unit run more smoothly and efficiently.
[0039] The guide assembly includes a front fixed seat 17, a front support wheel 19, a rear fixed seat 18, a rear support wheel 20, a left adjustment assembly 30, and a right adjustment assembly. A front fixed seat 17 is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the balance box 6 corresponding to the position in front of the lead screw 15. A front support wheel 19, which contacts the upper front side of the balance beam 5, is rotatably installed in each front fixed seat 17. A rear fixed seat 18 is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the balance box 6 corresponding to the position behind the lead screw 15. A rear support wheel 20, which contacts the upper rear side of the balance beam 5, is rotatably installed in each rear fixed seat 18. Several left guide wheels and a left adjustment assembly 30, capable of adjusting the distance between the left guide wheels and the lower side of the balance beam 5, are spaced apart on the lower left side of the balance box 6. Several right guide wheels 21 and a right adjustment assembly, capable of adjusting the distance between the right guide wheels 21 and the lower side of the balance beam 5, are spaced apart on the lower right side of the balance box 6.
[0040] During use, the front fixed seat 17 and the rear fixed seat 18 facilitate the installation of the front support wheel 19 and the rear support wheel 20. A front limiting ring is fixed to the outer front part of the front support wheel 19 corresponding to the front side of the balance beam 5, and a rear limiting ring is fixed to the outer rear part of the rear support wheel 20 corresponding to the rear side of the balance beam 5. In this way, when the front limiting ring and the rear limiting ring are in contact with the front and rear sides of the balance beam 5, the balance box 6 can be prevented from swinging back and forth. By setting the front support wheel 19 and the rear support wheel 20, the friction between the balance box 6 and the balance beam 5 when the balance box 6 moves left and right can be reduced, thereby reducing the load on the transmission nut 16. In this way, when the reduction motor 14 is working, it can drive the balance box 6 to move quickly left and right along the balance beam 5 through the lead screw 15 and the transmission nut 16, thus extending the service life of the drive mechanism.
[0041] The above-mentioned adjustable diameter and pitch pumping unit can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:
[0042] Example 2: As an optimization of the above examples, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the right adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment seat 22, a second adjustment seat 23, a connecting rod 24, a first adjustment screw 25, and a second adjustment screw 26. The first adjustment seat 22 is fixedly installed on the lower right side of the balance box 6, and the second adjustment seat 23, with the same structure as the first adjustment seat 22, is fixedly installed on the rear right side of the balance box 6. Both the front sides of the first adjustment seat 22 and the front sides of the second adjustment seat 23 are provided with a first adjustment hole 27 that is oblong in shape and extends from front to back. A connecting rod 24, located on the rear outer side of the second adjustment hole of the second adjustment seat 23, passes through the first adjustment hole 27 of the first adjustment seat 22. The connecting rod 24, corresponding to the position between the first adjustment seat 22 and the second adjustment seat 23, is positioned within... Two right guide wheels 21 are fitted at intervals on the outer side of the component. A first locking nut 28 and a second locking nut 29 are screwed onto the outer front and rear sides of the connecting rod 24, respectively. The upper and lower sides of the first adjusting seat 22 corresponding to the position of the first locking nut 28 are provided with first adjusting screw holes. A first adjusting screw 25 with its end in contact with the first locking nut 28 is screwed into each first adjusting screw hole. The upper and lower sides of the second adjusting seat 23 corresponding to the position of the second locking nut 29 are provided with second adjusting screw holes. A second adjusting screw 26 with its end in contact with the second locking nut 29 is screwed into each second adjusting screw hole. The right adjusting component has the same structure as the left adjusting component 30.
[0043] During use, by setting the first adjusting screw hole, the position of the end of the first adjusting screw 25 can be adjusted by rotating the first adjusting screw 25. The lower first adjusting screw 25 can support the first locking nut 28 and the front end of the connecting rod 24, and the upper first adjusting screw 25 can limit the position of the first locking nut 28 and the front end of the connecting rod 24. Similarly, the lower second adjusting screw 26 can support the second locking nut 29 and the rear end of the connecting rod 24, and the upper second adjusting screw 26 can limit the position of the second locking nut 29 and the rear end of the connecting rod 24. By changing the position of the upper end of the first adjusting screw 25 and the upper end of the second adjusting screw 26, the height of the connecting rod 24 can be adjusted, so that the right guide wheel 21 can contact or maintain a certain distance from the lower side of the balance beam 5. This can prevent the balance box 6 from shaking up and down and improve the stability of the balance box 6 when moving.
[0044] Example 3: As an optimization of the above examples, such as Figure 5 , 6 As shown, a limit nut 31 is screwed onto the outer side of the connecting rod 24 corresponding to the front and rear positions of each right guide wheel 21.
[0045] To facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the connecting rod 24 and the limiting nut 31, the connecting rod 24 includes a first mounting rod, a second mounting rod, a third mounting rod, a fourth mounting rod, and a fifth mounting rod arranged sequentially from front to back. The front outer side of the first mounting rod passes through the first adjusting hole 27 and is screwed with two first locking nuts 28. The rear part of the first mounting rod is connected to the front part of the second mounting rod via the limiting nut 31. The limiting nut 31 can be a long nut or two hexagonal nuts fixed together. The rear end of the second mounting rod is connected to the front end of the third mounting rod, the rear end of the third mounting rod is connected to the front end of the fourth mounting rod, and the rear end of the fourth mounting rod is connected to the front end of the fifth mounting rod. All components are fixed together by limiting nuts 31. The rear end of the fifth mounting rod passes through the second adjustment hole and is screwed with two second locking nuts 29. Each right guide wheel 2 has a limiting step on the inner front and inner rear sides, and each right guide wheel 2 has a bearing installed on the inner front and inner rear sides. The limiting steps and the corresponding limiting nuts 31 can limit the bearings, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the right guide wheel 2. The setting of the limiting nuts 31 can prevent the right guide wheel 2 from swinging back and forth and separating from the balance beam 5. This can improve the stability of the pumping unit when the balance box 6 moves left and right, reduce the load on the screw 15, and extend its service life.
[0046] Example 4: As an optimization of the above examples, such as Figure 8 As shown, the lower front of the balance box 6 has a through-hole, and a front straightening sleeve 32 is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole. A front clamping screw 34 is screwed to the inner front part of the front straightening sleeve 32. A front straightening seat 36 is slidably installed on the inner rear part of the front straightening sleeve 32. A front straightening wheel 38 is rotatably installed on the rear part of the front straightening seat 36. A front compression spring 4 is provided between the rear end of the front clamping screw 34 and the front side of the front straightening seat 36, which allows the front straightening wheel 38 to abut against the front side of the balance beam 5. 0. The rear side of the lower part of the balance box 6 is provided with a through rear mounting hole. A rear straightening sleeve 33 is fixedly installed in the rear mounting hole. A rear clamping screw 35 is screwed to the inner rear part of the rear straightening sleeve 33. A rear straightening seat 37 is slidably installed on the inner front part of the rear straightening sleeve 33. A rear straightening wheel 39 is rotatably installed on the front part of the rear straightening seat 37. A rear compression spring 41 is provided between the front end of the rear clamping screw 35 and the rear side of the rear straightening seat 37, which can make the rear straightening wheel 39 abut against the rear side of the balance beam 5.
[0047] According to requirements, the front straightening wheel 38 and the rear straightening wheel 39 have the same structure and can both be existing known rope pulleys. During use, by rotating the front clamping screw 34, the front clamping screw 34 moves back and forth, and then the front compression spring 40 moves the front straightening seat 36 back and forth, thereby adjusting the distance between the front straightening wheel 38 and the front side of the balance beam 5. Similarly, by rotating the rear clamping screw 35, the rear clamping screw 35 moves back and forth, and then the rear compression spring 41 moves the rear straightening seat 37 back and forth, thereby adjusting the distance between the rear straightening wheel 39 and the rear side of the balance beam 5. This can prevent the balance box 6 from swaying too much back and forth and improve the stability of the pumping unit during operation.
[0048] Example 5: As an optimization of the above examples, such as Figure 2 , 4 As shown, mounting plates 42 are fixedly installed on the upper left and upper right sides of the balance box 6. The upper middle part of the mounting plate 42 is provided with a through mounting groove 43. Each mounting groove 43 is provided with a connecting pin 44 whose end is fixedly installed together with the outer side of the transmission nut 16.
[0049] As required, each of the two connecting pins 44 has a disassembly plate fitted on its outer side. The disassembly plate and the corresponding mounting plate 42 are detachably fixed together by four bolts spaced circumferentially. During use, the mounting plate 42 can limit the movement of the connecting pins 44, thus allowing the transmission nut 16 to be installed with the balance box 6. When the transmission nut 16 moves left or right, the balance box 6 can be moved left or right through the connecting pins 44. The mounting groove 43 facilitates the installation of the connecting pins 44. The end of the connecting pin 44 can be fixedly installed with the transmission nut 16 by a threaded connection, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the transmission nut 16 and the balance box 6.
[0050] Example 6: As an optimization of the above examples, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, two mounting seats 45 are fixedly installed at intervals on the upper side of the balance beam 5 corresponding to the right position of the right axle seat 13. Each mounting seat 45 has a support groove 46 that runs through the front and back and is arc-shaped. Two first hinge seats 47 are fixedly installed at intervals on the left side of the counterweight box 9. A first hinge shaft 48 located in the middle of the support groove 46 is installed between the two first hinge seats 47. A fixing plate 49 is fixedly installed on the right end of the balance beam 5. Several first connecting pieces 50 are installed at intervals between the lower left side of the counterweight box 9 and the fixing plate 49. A second hinge shaft 51 is hinged between the left side of the balance beam 5 and the upper right side of the walking beam 2. A first connecting plate 52 is fixedly installed on the right end of the walking beam 2. A second connecting plate 53 that gradually slopes downward from left to right is fixedly installed on the upper left end of the balance beam 5. Several second connecting pieces 54 are installed at intervals between the lower part of the second connecting plate 53 and the first connecting plate 52.
[0051] According to the requirements, the first connecting member 50 and the second connecting member 54 are existing known technologies, such as connecting screws. During use, the setting of the first hinge shaft 48 facilitates the disassembly and assembly between the counterweight box 9 and the balance beam 5. After the first connecting member 50 is removed, the first hinge shaft 48 can serve as a temporary support, and then the counterweight box 9 can be removed using a crane. During installation, the counterweight box 9 is lifted by a crane, and after the first hinge shaft 48 is installed in the support groove 46, the first hinge shaft 48 can serve as a support. At this time, the crane can be moved away, and after the first connecting member 50 is installed, the counterweight box 9 and the balance beam 5 can be fixedly installed together. Similarly, the setting of the second hinge shaft 51 also facilitates the disassembly and assembly between the balance beam 5 and the walking beam 2.
[0052] The above technical features constitute various embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.
Claims
1. A variable-diameter, variable-pitch oil pumping unit, characterized in that... It includes a base, walking beam, connecting rod, crank, bracket, balance beam, balance box, and drive mechanism. A bracket is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base. The upper side of the bracket is hinged to the lower side of the middle of the walking beam. A working donkey head is fixedly installed on the left side of the walking beam. A balance beam is fixedly installed on the right side of the walking beam. A counterweight box is fixedly installed at the right end of the balance beam. A balance box and a drive mechanism that allows the sliding balance box to reciprocate along the length of the balance beam to adjust the torque at the right end of the walking beam are installed on the outside of the balance beam. A drive motor and a reducer are installed at intervals on the upper right side of the base. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the input shaft of the reducer. A crank is fixedly installed on the outside of the output shaft of the reducer. A connecting rod is hinged between the crank and the lower right side of the walking beam. The right side of the balance beam is inclined downward relative to the left side. The drive mechanism includes a left shaft seat, a right shaft seat, a geared motor, a lead screw, a transmission nut, and a guide assembly. The left and right shaft seats are fixedly installed on the upper side of the balance beam at intervals. The geared motor is fixedly installed on the upper left side of the balance beam corresponding to the left position of the left shaft seat. The right end of the output shaft of the geared motor is connected to the left end of the lead screw. The right end of the lead screw passes through the left shaft seat and is rotatably installed with the right shaft seat. The transmission nut is screwed to the outer side of the middle part of the lead screw. The transmission nut is installed with the balance box, which is fitted on the outside of the balance beam and has a ring structure. The guide assembly includes a front fixed seat, a front support wheel, a rear fixed seat, a rear support wheel, a left adjustment assembly, and a right adjustment assembly. Front fixed seats are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the balance box corresponding to the position in front of the lead screw. A front support wheel that rotatably contacts the upper front side of the balance beam is rotatably installed in each front fixed seat. Rear fixed seats are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the balance box corresponding to the position behind the lead screw. A rear support wheel that rotatably contacts the upper rear side of the balance beam is rotatably installed in each rear fixed seat. Several left guide wheels and a left adjustment assembly capable of adjusting the distance between these left guide wheels and the lower side of the balance beam are spaced apart on the lower left side of the balance box. Several right guide wheels and a right adjustment assembly capable of adjusting the distance between these right guide wheels and the lower side of the balance beam are spaced apart on the lower right side of the balance box.
2. The adjustable diameter and variable pitch pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... The right adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment seat, a second adjustment seat, a connecting rod, a first adjustment screw, and a second adjustment screw. The first adjustment seat is fixedly installed on the lower right side of the balance box, and the second adjustment seat with the same structure as the first adjustment seat is fixedly installed on the rear right side of the balance box. The front side of the first adjustment seat and the front side of the second adjustment seat are both provided with a first adjustment hole that runs through the front and rear and is oblong in shape. The connecting rod, whose rear outer side is located in the second adjustment hole of the second adjustment seat, passes through the first adjustment hole of the first adjustment seat. Two right guide wheels are fitted at intervals on the outer side of the middle part of the connecting rod corresponding to the position between the first adjustment seat and the second adjustment seat. The front outer side and the rear outer side of the connecting rod are respectively screwed with a first locking nut and a second locking nut. The upper and lower sides of the first adjustment seat corresponding to the position of the first locking nut are provided with first adjustment screw holes. A first adjustment screw with its end in contact with the first locking nut is screwed into each first adjustment screw hole. The upper and lower sides of the second adjustment seat corresponding to the position of the second locking nut are provided with second adjustment screw holes. A second adjustment screw with its end in contact with the second locking nut is screwed into each second adjustment screw hole. The right adjustment assembly has the same structure as the left adjustment assembly.
3. The adjustable diameter and variable pitch pumping unit according to claim 2, characterized in that... Limit nuts are screwed onto the outer side of the connecting rod corresponding to the front and rear positions of each right guide wheel.
4. The adjustable diameter and variable pitch pumping unit according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that... The lower front of the balance box has a through-hole, and a front straightening sleeve is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole. A front clamping screw is screwed to the inner front part of the front straightening sleeve. A front straightening seat is slidably installed on the inner rear part of the front straightening sleeve. A front straightening wheel is rotatably installed on the rear part of the front straightening seat. A front compression spring is provided between the rear end of the front clamping screw and the front side of the front straightening seat, which allows the front straightening wheel to abut against the front side of the balance beam. The lower rear of the balance box has a through-hole, and a rear straightening sleeve is fixedly installed in the rear mounting hole. A rear clamping screw is screwed to the inner rear part of the rear straightening sleeve. A rear straightening seat is slidably installed on the inner front part of the rear straightening sleeve. A rear straightening wheel is rotatably installed on the front part of the rear straightening seat. A rear compression spring is provided between the front end of the rear clamping screw and the rear side of the rear straightening seat, which allows the rear straightening wheel to abut against the rear side of the balance beam.
5. The adjustable-diameter, variable-pitch pumping unit according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that... Mounting plates are fixedly installed on the upper left and upper right sides of the balance box. The upper middle part of the mounting plate has a through mounting groove, and each mounting groove has a connecting pin whose end is fixedly installed together with the outside of the transmission nut.
6. The adjustable diameter and variable pitch pumping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that... Mounting plates are fixedly installed on the upper left and upper right sides of the balance box. The upper middle part of the mounting plate has a through mounting groove, and each mounting groove has a connecting pin whose end is fixedly installed together with the outside of the transmission nut.
7. The adjustable diameter and variable pitch pumping unit according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 6, characterized in that... Two mounting seats are fixedly installed at intervals on the upper side of the balance beam corresponding to the right position of the right axle seat. Each mounting seat has a support groove that runs through the front and back and is arc-shaped. Two first hinge seats are fixedly installed at intervals on the left side of the counterweight box. A first hinge shaft with its middle part located in the support groove is installed between the two first hinge seats. A fixing plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the balance beam. Several first connecting pieces are installed at intervals between the lower left side of the counterweight box and the fixing plate. A second hinge shaft is hinged between the left side of the balance beam and the upper right side of the walking beam. A first connecting plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the walking beam. A second connecting plate that gradually slopes downward from left to right is fixedly installed at the upper left end of the balance beam. Several second connecting pieces are installed at intervals between the lower part of the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate.
8. The adjustable diameter and variable pitch pumping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that... Two mounting seats are fixedly installed at intervals on the upper side of the balance beam corresponding to the right position of the right axle seat. Each mounting seat has a support groove that runs through the front and back and is arc-shaped. Two first hinge seats are fixedly installed at intervals on the left side of the counterweight box. A first hinge shaft with its middle part located in the support groove is installed between the two first hinge seats. A fixing plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the balance beam. Several first connecting pieces are installed at intervals between the lower left side of the counterweight box and the fixing plate. A second hinge shaft is hinged between the left side of the balance beam and the upper right side of the walking beam. A first connecting plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the walking beam. A second connecting plate that gradually slopes downward from left to right is fixedly installed at the upper left end of the balance beam. Several second connecting pieces are installed at intervals between the lower part of the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate.
9. The adjustable-diameter, variable-pitch pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that... Two mounting seats are fixedly installed at intervals on the upper side of the balance beam corresponding to the right position of the right axle seat. Each mounting seat has a support groove that runs through the front and back and is arc-shaped. Two first hinge seats are fixedly installed at intervals on the left side of the counterweight box. A first hinge shaft with its middle part located in the support groove is installed between the two first hinge seats. A fixing plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the balance beam. Several first connecting pieces are installed at intervals between the lower left side of the counterweight box and the fixing plate. A second hinge shaft is hinged between the left side of the balance beam and the upper right side of the walking beam. A first connecting plate is fixedly installed at the right end of the walking beam. A second connecting plate that gradually slopes downward from left to right is fixedly installed at the upper left end of the balance beam. Several second connecting pieces are installed at intervals between the lower part of the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate.