A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for dam seepage heat sources

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the underground water temperature monitoring field, concretely is a kind of portable underground water temperature measuring equipment for dam leakage heat source, including water temperature detector, the bottom of water temperature detector is equipped with detection head, the top of water temperature detector is fixedly connected with installation box, the inside installation of installation box is equipped with rotating component, the upper end of rotating component is slidably connected with inserting rod;Through spanner insertion installation box, rotating spanner and then drive rotating component rotation, main gear is rotated by spanner, one of main gear rotation drives internal gear rotation, the gear teeth of main gear and inserting rod are mutually engaged, and then inserting rod is inserted into hole, and then inserting rod is diffused to all around, insert hole, have played the effect of the fixation of water temperature detector, by measuring scale and the corresponding tool, water temperature detector can also be fixed at the corresponding height, and the effect of monitoring different underground water temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of groundwater temperature monitoring, specifically a portable groundwater temperature measuring device for use with heat sources leaking from dams. Background Technology

[0002] Numerous reservoirs, dikes, sluices, and canal structures have been constructed in China. Due to complex geological conditions and weak foundations in some areas, many dike projects suffer from serious seepage risks, becoming a major cause of dike breaches and dam collapses. Internal damage such as seepage and piping often leads to dangerous conditions in dikes and dam foundations, forming so-called "hidden channels." The detection and treatment of these hidden channels are crucial for eliminating potential dike safety hazards. Accurate detection of the location, flow rate, and extent of seepage channels is essential for designing reasonable anti-seepage reinforcement measures, achieving optimal results with minimal effort and reducing the uncertainty of the project. Therefore, improving technological means for detecting potential dike hazards, identifying and addressing risks early, and preventing future disasters are vital guarantees for dike safety.

[0003] Temperature monitoring is a powerful tool for investigating seepage through hidden channels in dams, and it is also a new technology under development both domestically and internationally. Its basic principle is that after a reservoir is filled with water, the thermal effect at the seepage points inevitably causes changes in the temperature field at and near those points. There is a clear correlation between the seepage field and the temperature field; therefore, studying the heat transfer patterns can help identify the regularity of seepage changes.

[0004] Using groundwater temperature for seepage analysis has unique advantages in detecting dam seepage, as it can detect concentrated or strong seepage areas not revealed by boreholes. Borehole hydraulic tests are closely related to the permeability of the surrounding medium. If the borehole does not directly expose faults or karst caves with strong seepage in the bedrock, the tests cannot reflect the true geological conditions. Moreover, borehole hydraulic tests only obtain the permeability of the surrounding local strata and cannot reflect the hydraulic connection between upstream and downstream of the dam seepage. For example, it is difficult to determine whether there is seepage in the dam curtain based on borehole pumping or pressure tests conducted downstream of the dam. Temperature field studies can precisely fill these gaps. Regardless of whether the borehole exposes faults, fissures, fracture zones, or other strata, temperature field analysis can determine the presence of reservoir (river) water seepage based on temperature anomalies, and thus identify the groundwater recharge and seepage channels. This is because the increase or decrease in stratum temperature comes not only from the energy brought by groundwater flowing in fissures but is also related to heat conduction. For example, when low-temperature reservoir water seeps along a fault, a low-temperature field can be detected in the rock mass near the fault, due to heat conduction.

[0005] Furthermore, the homogeneity of the rock and soil medium has a significant impact on permeability, but a relatively small impact on the thermal conductivity coefficient. Since temperature is transferred through the medium, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is only related to the material, the thermal conductivity properties are essentially the same for seepage in homogeneous and heterogeneous rock and soil media. For example, media with the same void ratio will have significantly different permeability coefficients if their geometries differ, while the thermal conductivity coefficient and specific heat and other thermophysical parameters of the medium will not differ much. Therefore, using temperature field distribution to conduct quantitative research on seepage in rock and soil masses can overcome the shortcomings of hydraulic testing methods.

[0006] However, the common method for measuring water temperature is to install a monitoring tower. This method is costly, requires large equipment, and the location is generally difficult to change after installation. Therefore, a portable underground water temperature measurement device for dam seepage heat sources is proposed to address the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and solve the problem of difficulty in changing monitoring locations, this utility model proposes a portable groundwater temperature measurement device for dam seepage heat sources.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a portable underground water temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source, including a water temperature detector, a probe head installed at the bottom of the water temperature detector, an installation box fixedly connected to the top of the water temperature detector, a rotating component installed inside the installation box, and a plug rod slidably connected to the upper end of the rotating component.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes an internal gear, which is rotatably connected to the mounting box. An annular partition is rotatably connected to the outer side of the internal gear and is fixedly connected to the mounting box. The upper side of the annular partition is slidably sleeved with the insertion rod. A main gear is movably connected to some parts of the insertion rod and is rotatably connected to the mounting box. An inner partition is slidably sleeved on the side of the insertion rod away from the annular partition and is fixedly connected to the mounting box.

[0010] Preferably, the annular partition has a partition groove, which is slidably connected to the insert rod.

[0011] Preferably, the inner partition has an inner sliding groove, which is slidably connected to the insert rod.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting box has an insertion hole, which is slidably connected to the insertion rod.

[0013] Preferably, the number of main gears is one, all of which mesh with internal gears. The lower end of each main gear is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the mounting box. Each main gear has a limiting groove at its upper end.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the insert rods is one, and a plug is fixedly connected to the side of the insert rod away from the inner partition. The side of the insert rod is provided with gear teeth, which mesh with the main gear.

[0015] Preferably, the height of the gear teeth is less than the height of the insert rod.

[0016] Preferably, the water temperature detector has a connecting line on its lower side, and the connecting line is fixedly connected to the probe head.

[0017] Preferably, the upper side of the mounting box is provided with a wooden plug, and the top of the mounting box is provided with a wrench, which is matched with the limiting groove.

[0018] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. This utility model, through the structural design of the rotating component, allows the rotating component to rotate by inserting a wrench into the mounting box and rotating the wrench. The main gears rotate through the wrench, and one of the main gears rotates, driving the internal gears to rotate, which in turn drives the remaining five main gearboxes to rotate. The teeth of the main gears and the insert rod mesh with each other, which can drive the insert rod to move outward in a straight line, thereby inserting the insert rod into the hole. The insert rod then spreads outward and is inserted into the hole, which achieves the effect of fixing the water temperature detector. With the help of measuring rulers and other corresponding tools, the water temperature detector can also be fixed at the corresponding height to monitor the temperature of different groundwater levels.

[0020] 2. This utility model uses a wrench-like structural design, where the main gear and the wrench work together. When the insertion rod is inserted into the soil, the main gear cannot rotate without external force due to the great friction. Therefore, a self-locking component is not needed. Without the wrench, it is virtually impossible to remove the water temperature detector, thus achieving a certain degree of anti-theft effect. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a portable groundwater temperature measuring device for use as a heat source for seepage in dams, according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting box of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting box and rotating assembly of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion rod of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main gear of this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Water temperature sensor; 2. Connecting cable; 3. Probe head; 4. Wrench; 5. Mounting box; 501. Socket; 6. Insert rod; 601. Gear tooth; 602. Plug; 7. Wooden plug; 8. Rotating assembly; 801. Internal gear; 802. Main gear; 8021. Limiting groove; 803. Annular partition; 8031. Partition slide groove; 804. Internal partition; 8041. Internal slide groove; 805. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] This application discloses a portable groundwater temperature measurement device for use with heat sources from seepage in dams. (Refer to...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A portable underground water temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source includes a water temperature detector 1, a detector head 3 installed at the bottom of the water temperature detector 1, an installation box 5 fixedly connected to the top of the water temperature detector 1, a rotating component 8 installed inside the installation box 5, and a plug rod 6 slidably connected to the upper end of the rotating component 8.

[0032] First, the water temperature detector 1 is placed into the pre-drilled hole. Then, a wrench 4 is inserted into the installation box 5. Rotating the wrench 4 causes the rotating component 8 to rotate, which in turn causes the insertion rod 6 to rotate, thus spreading the insertion rod 6 outwards and inserting it into the hole. Based on the principle of preventing seepage through hidden channels in dams by monitoring groundwater temperature, and by continuously monitoring changes in the temperature field in the stratum, a real-time calculation and prediction model for seepage through hidden channels in dams is established using the heat source method, employing theories and methods such as energy balance and heat conduction. This model reveals the mechanism and development process of concentrated seepage through hidden channels affecting stratum temperature, and further derives parameters such as seepage volume and seepage velocity. 2. Many factors influence the change in the stratum temperature field of the dam base, including reservoir water temperature, groundwater temperature, and the thermal properties of the stratum medium. Based on the temperature change, factors other than groundwater flow are eliminated, and the boundary conditions of the calculation area are determined, enabling the model to be applied in different zones. 3. By combining measurement techniques with forward and reverse analysis methods, a more scientific and reasonable research method for seepage in homogeneous and heterogeneous soil and rock masses will be established. This method will be verified through indoor experiments and actual engineering projects. The ultimate goal is to apply the model to seepage investigation and prediction, providing a scientific basis for evaluating and forecasting the impact of seepage on the safe operation of water conservancy projects. The specific research content is as follows:

[0033] Under given boundary and initial conditions, formation temperature changes are primarily influenced by groundwater flow. The corresponding changes in thermal energy arise from heat transfer brought by the water flow. By using energy balance and heat conduction theories to determine the correlation between flow rate and heat transport, parameters such as leakage rate and seepage velocity can be deduced. Ultimately, a real-time judgment model for dam leakage can be established. Given the temperature distribution, this model can calculate real-time seepage velocity and other information. Based on this, research is planned to be conducted in the following areas:

[0034] 1. Conduct extensive investigations on existing dilapidated reservoirs, and classify the forms of seepage and piping in the dams to obtain first-hand information on actual engineering problems;

[0035] 2. The study investigates the mechanism and patterns of formation temperature changes under the control of groundwater flow, and establishes thermal simulation models based on energy balance and heat conduction theories for different geological conditions. For example, when the aquifer and groundwater are in thermal equilibrium, the mathematical governing equations describing heat transport in the aquifer system are:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, T is the temperature, C0 and C are the specific heat of the fluid and medium, ρ0 and ρ are the density of the fluid and medium, λ is the thermal conductivity, V is the groundwater velocity vector, t is the time, qs is the groundwater source-sink flow rate, and Ts is the source-sink temperature.

[0038] Thus, based on the differential equations of seepage, energy balance, and heat conduction, and drawing upon a large amount of temperature observation data, while using the hydraulic head, permeability, and geological structure measured from discrete boreholes as constraints, a corresponding coupled model of water flow and heat transport was established. A real-time dam leakage detection system was then developed based on this model.

[0039] 3. Based on the data from the field investigation, an indoor test model for heat conduction through seepage in the dam was established. For different types of concentrated seepage channels, the temperature distribution of the dam during actual operation was simulated, fundamentally revealing the laws of heat transfer in the dam.

[0040] 4. For the calculated zones delineated within the strata, based on the observed temperature data distributed over different times and spaces, and by comparing it with the temperature of the distant strata, it is determined whether reservoir water leakage exists and the leakage area is identified. This temperature data is then processed in a standardized manner and substituted into the aforementioned model to obtain a quantitative description of dam leakage from the feedback information. Furthermore, other tracing methods such as isotope analysis and water chemistry are used to identify groundwater flow pathways.

[0041] 5. Conduct research on the spatial distribution of thermal conductivity of soil and rock masses, analyze the influence of different soil properties, density and other conditions on it, and provide accurate parameters for quantitative calculation of the model;

[0042] 6. Model calibration and error analysis. The model is calibrated using data such as groundwater level and uplift pressure. Factors affecting model accuracy are analyzed to ultimately reduce model uncertainty and achieve practical application.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rotating assembly 8 includes an internal gear 801, which is rotatably connected to the mounting box 5. An annular partition 803 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the internal gear 801. The annular partition 803 is fixedly connected to the mounting box 5. The upper side of the annular partition 803 is slidably sleeved with the insertion rod 6. A main gear 802 is movably connected to some parts of the insertion rod 6. The main gear 802 is rotatably connected to the mounting box 5. An inner partition 804 is slidably sleeved on the side of the insertion rod 6 away from the annular partition 803. The inner partition 804 is fixedly connected to the mounting box 5.

[0044] The main gear 802 is rotated by the wrench 4. The rotation of one of the main gears 802 drives the internal gear 801 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotation of the remaining five main gears 802. When the main gears 802 rotate, they drive the insertion rod 6 to move outward, thereby inserting the insertion rod 6 into the hole, which achieves the effect of fixing the water temperature detector 1. With the help of measuring rulers and other corresponding tools, the water temperature detector 1 can also be fixed at the corresponding height to monitor the temperature of different groundwater levels.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The annular partition 803 has a partition groove 8031, which is slidably sleeved with the insertion rod 6. The inner partition 804 has an inner groove 8041, which is slidably sleeved with the insertion rod 6. The mounting box 5 has an insertion hole 501, which is slidably sleeved with the insertion rod 6.

[0046] The partition slide groove 8031, the insertion hole 501 and the inner slide groove 8041 are all matched with the insertion rod 6. The insertion rod 6 is slidably connected to the partition slide groove 8031, the insertion hole 501 and the inner slide groove 8041.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 There are 6 main gears 802, all of which mesh with the internal gears 801. The lower end of the main gear 802 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 805, which is rotatably connected to the mounting box 5. The upper end of each main gear 802 is provided with a limiting groove 8021.

[0048] The main gear 802 is installed inside the mounting box 5 via a rotating shaft 805 and is rotatably connected to the mounting box 5. The wrench 4 can be inserted into the limiting groove 8021 on the main gear 802. By rotating the wrench 4, the main gear 802 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the internal gear 801 to rotate.

[0049] Reference Figure 5 There are 6 insertion rods 6. A plug 602 is fixedly connected to the side of the insertion rod 6 away from the inner partition 804. The side of the insertion rod 6 is provided with gear teeth 601. The gear teeth 601 mesh with the main gear 802. The height of the gear teeth 601 is less than the height of the insertion rod 6.

[0050] When it is necessary to insert the insertion rod 6 into the hole, the main gear 802 can be rotated. The main gear 802 and the gear teeth 601 of the insertion rod 6 mesh with each other. At this time, the insertion rod 6 is equivalent to a rack, which can drive the insertion rod 6 to move outward in a straight line. The height of the gear teeth 601 of the insertion rod 6 is less than the height of the insertion rod 6. The main gear 802 matches the gear teeth 601. At this time, the upper side of the gear teeth 601 slides on the partition slide groove 8031, the insertion hole 501 and the inner slide groove 8041 respectively. The gear teeth 601 will not cause the problem of getting stuck on the partition slide groove 8031, the insertion hole 501 and the inner slide groove 8041.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The water temperature detector 1 has a connecting line 2 on its lower side, which is fixedly connected to the detector head 3. The mounting box 5 has a wooden plug 7 on its upper side and a wrench 4 on its top. The wrench 4 is matched with the limiting groove 8021.

[0052] The probe 3 is used to monitor the groundwater temperature. The water temperature detector 1 is a constant temperature detector, which is currently the existing technology and widely used, so it will not be described in detail. After the water temperature detector 1 is installed in the hole, the wooden plug 7 can be inserted into the upper end of the installation box 5 to prevent soil from entering the interior of the installation box 5. The main gear 802 and the wrench 4 are used together. The insertion rod 6 is inserted into the soil. Due to the huge friction, the main gear 802 cannot rotate without external force, so there is no need for a self-locking component. Without the wrench 4, it is basically impossible to remove the water temperature detector 1, which has a certain anti-theft effect.

[0053] Working principle: First, the water temperature detector 1 is placed into the pre-drilled hole. Then, a wrench 4 is inserted into the mounting box 5. Rotating the wrench 4 drives the rotating component 8 to rotate. The main gear 802 rotates through the wrench 4. One of the main gears 802 rotates, driving the internal gear 801 to rotate, which in turn drives the remaining five main gears 802 to rotate. The teeth 601 of the main gear 802 and the insertion rod 6 mesh with each other, which can drive the insertion rod 6 to move outward in a straight line, thus inserting the insertion rod 6 into the hole. The insertion rod 6 then spreads outward and into the hole, effectively fixing the water temperature detector 1. With the help of measuring rulers and other appropriate tools, the water temperature detector 1 can also be fixed at a certain height to monitor the temperature of different groundwater levels. Since the main gear 802 and the wrench 4 are used in conjunction, and the insertion rod 6 is inserted into the soil, due to the great friction, the main gear 802 cannot rotate without external force. Therefore, a self-locking component is not needed. Without the wrench 4, it is basically impossible to remove the water temperature detector 1, which provides a certain degree of anti-theft effect.

[0054] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.

Claims

1. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for use as a heat source for seepage in dams, characterized in that: It includes a water temperature detector (1), a probe (3) is installed at the bottom of the water temperature detector (1), a mounting box (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the water temperature detector (1), a rotating component (8) is installed inside the mounting box (5), and a plug rod (6) is slidably connected to the upper end of the rotating component (8).

2. The portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (8) includes an internal gear (801), which is rotatably connected to the mounting box (5). An annular partition (803) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the internal gear (801). The annular partition (803) is fixedly connected to the mounting box (5). The upper side of the annular partition (803) is slidably sleeved with the insertion rod (6). A main gear (802) is movably connected to some parts of the insertion rod (6). The main gear (802) is rotatably connected to the mounting box (5). An inner partition (804) is slidably sleeved on the side of the insertion rod (6) away from the annular partition (803). The inner partition (804) is fixedly connected to the mounting box (5).

3. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular partition (803) has a partition groove (8031), which is slidably connected to the insert rod (6).

4. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner partition (804) has an inner sliding groove (8041), which is slidably connected to the insert rod (6).

5. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting box (5) has a socket (501) which is slidably connected to the plug rod (6).

6. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are 6 main gears (802), each of which meshes with an internal gear (801). The lower end of each main gear (802) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (805), which is rotatably connected to the mounting box (5). Each main gear (802) has a limiting groove (8021) at its upper end.

7. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the inserts (6) is 6. The inserts (6) are fixedly connected to the plug (602) on the side away from the inner partition (804). The side of the inserts (6) is provided with gear teeth (601), which mesh with the main gear (802).

8. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height of the gear tooth (601) is less than the height of the insert rod (6).

9. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water temperature detector (1) is provided with a connecting line (2) on its lower side, and the connecting line (2) is fixedly connected to the probe (3).

10. A portable groundwater temperature measuring device for a dam seepage heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side of the mounting box (5) is provided with a wooden plug (7), and the top of the mounting box (5) is provided with a wrench (4), which is matched with the limiting groove (8021).

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