An antenna and a communication device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of antenna technology, disclosing an antenna and a communication device. The antenna includes a main board, a radiating structure, a parasitic structure, and a feeding structure. The radiating structure is disposed on the main board and includes high-frequency stubs and low-frequency stubs. The parasitic structure is disposed on the main board and includes high-frequency parasitic stubs and low-frequency parasitic stubs. The high-frequency parasitic stubs are electromagnetically coupled to each other, and the low-frequency parasitic stubs are also electromagnetically coupled to each other. The feeding structure is connected to both the high-frequency and low-frequency stubs, providing electrical signals to them. Through this method, this application enables a single antenna to support communication needs from 2G to 5G and multiple Wi-Fi frequency bands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale commercialization of fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) and the increasing demand for multi-band converged communication, the compatibility requirements of terminal devices for antenna performance have significantly increased. Traditional 5G antenna design solutions adopt a "device-antenna customized coupling" R&D model, that is, developing independent antennas one-to-one for the specific frequency band requirements of different communication devices.

[0003] During the implementation of the embodiments of this application, the inventors discovered that existing solutions mostly adopt discrete antenna architectures, requiring separate design of dual antenna systems covering the Sub-3GHz (617-960MHz) and C-band and above (3-7.5GHz) frequency bands for different devices. This results in an exponential increase in the complexity of the overall RF front-end, making it difficult to achieve multi-band collaborative operation in miniaturized devices (such as smart terminals and IoT modules). Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of this application is to provide an antenna that achieves full-band coverage through a combination design of high-frequency and low-frequency stubs, enabling a single antenna to support communication needs from 2G to 5G and multiple WIFI frequency bands, thereby improving the versatility of the antenna.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application embodiment is: providing an antenna, including a main board, a radiating structure, a parasitic structure, and a feeding structure. The radiating structure is disposed on the main board and includes a high-frequency stub and a low-frequency stub. The high-frequency stub is used to receive and transmit high-frequency signals, and the low-frequency stub is used to receive and transmit low-frequency signals. The parasitic structure is disposed on the main board and includes a high-frequency parasitic stub and a low-frequency parasitic stub. The high-frequency parasitic stub is electromagnetically coupled to the high-frequency stub and is used to enhance the reception and transmission of high-frequency signals. The low-frequency parasitic stub is electromagnetically coupled to the low-frequency stub and is used to enhance the reception and transmission of low-frequency signals. The feeding structure is connected to the high-frequency stub and the low-frequency stub respectively and is used to provide electrical signals to the high-frequency stub and the low-frequency stub.

[0006] Optionally, the power supply structure includes a power supply point and a grounding point, the high-frequency stub includes a first high-frequency radiating arm and a second high-frequency radiating arm, the grounding point is located at one end of the first high-frequency radiating arm, the power supply point is located at one end of the second high-frequency radiating arm, and the first high-frequency radiating arm and the second high-frequency radiating arm are symmetrically arranged.

[0007] Optionally, the low-frequency stub includes a first low-frequency radiating arm and a second low-frequency radiating arm, one end of the first high-frequency stub is electrically connected to the first low-frequency radiating arm, one end of the second high-frequency stub is electrically connected to the second low-frequency radiating arm, and the first low-frequency radiating arm and the second low-frequency radiating arm are symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency stub.

[0008] Optionally, the high-frequency parasitic branch includes a first high-frequency parasitic radiating arm and a second high-frequency parasitic radiating arm, and the first high-frequency parasitic radiating arm and the second high-frequency parasitic radiating arm are symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency branch.

[0009] Optionally, both the first high-frequency parasitic radiation arm and the second high-frequency parasitic radiation arm are "L" shaped structures.

[0010] Optionally, the low-frequency parasitic branch includes a first low-frequency parasitic radiating arm and a second low-frequency parasitic radiating arm, which are symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency branch.

[0011] Optionally, both the first and second low-frequency parasitic radiation arms are "L"-shaped structures and are arranged parallel to the low-frequency stubs.

[0012] Optionally, both the radiating structure and the parasitic structure are provided with an anti-oxidation coating to improve the durability and stability of the antenna.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is to provide an antenna.

[0014] This application provides an antenna, including a main board, a radiating structure, a parasitic structure, and a feeding structure. The radiating structure is disposed on the main board and includes high-frequency stubs and low-frequency stubs. The high-frequency stubs are used to receive and transmit high-frequency signals, and the low-frequency stubs are used to receive and transmit low-frequency signals. Through the combined design of high-frequency and low-frequency stubs, full-band coverage is achieved, enabling a single antenna to support communication needs from 2G to 5G and multiple WIFI frequency bands. The parasitic structure is disposed on the main board and includes high-frequency parasitic stubs and low-frequency parasitic stubs. The high-frequency parasitic stub is electromagnetically coupled to the high-frequency stub, which is used to enhance the reception and transmission of high-frequency signals. The low-frequency parasitic stub is electromagnetically coupled to the low-frequency stub, which is used to enhance the reception and transmission of low-frequency signals. The feeding structure is connected to the high-frequency stub and the low-frequency stub respectively, and is used to provide electrical signals to the high-frequency stub and the low-frequency stub. The design of electromagnetic coupling between the high-frequency parasitic stub and the low-frequency parasitic stub and the corresponding radiating stub effectively enhances the signal reception and transmission capabilities and maintains stable communication performance in complex electromagnetic environments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is yet another schematic diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a frequency diagram of the reflection coefficient of the antenna in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is an efficiency diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 The antenna includes: a main board 10, a radiating structure 20, a parasitic structure 30, and a feeding structure 40.

[0025] Please see Figure 2 The radiating structure 20 is disposed on the motherboard 10, including a high-frequency stub 21 and a low-frequency stub 22. The high-frequency stub 21 is used to receive and transmit high-frequency signals, operating in the 1690MHz-7500MHz frequency band, covering 3G / 4G / 5G and WIFI 2.4G / WIFI5G / WIFI 6E / WIFI 7 frequency bands; the low-frequency stub 22 is used to receive and transmit low-frequency signals, operating in the 617MHz-960MHz frequency band, covering 2G frequency bands such as LTE700 and GSM850.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the high-frequency stub 21 includes a first high-frequency radiating arm 211 and a second high-frequency radiating arm 212. The first high-frequency radiating arm 211 and the second high-frequency radiating arm 212 are symmetrically arranged about the center line, forming a symmetrical radiating structure, which is beneficial to improving the directional performance of the antenna.

[0027] The low-frequency stub 22 includes a first low-frequency radiating arm 221 and a second low-frequency radiating arm 222. One end of the first high-frequency stub 211 is electrically connected to the first low-frequency radiating arm 221, and one end of the second high-frequency stub 212 is electrically connected to the second low-frequency radiating arm 222. The first low-frequency radiating arm 221 and the second low-frequency radiating arm 222 are symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency stub 210, further enhancing the symmetry of the antenna structure.

[0028] Please reconsider. Figure 2 The parasitic structure 30 is also mounted on the main board 10, including a high-frequency parasitic stub 31 and a low-frequency parasitic stub 32. The high-frequency parasitic stub 31 is electromagnetically coupled to the high-frequency stub 21 to enhance the reception and transmission of high-frequency signals; the low-frequency parasitic stub 32 is electromagnetically coupled to the low-frequency stub 22 to enhance the reception and transmission of low-frequency signals. Through the electromagnetic coupling between the parasitic structure 30 and the radiating structure 20, the radiation efficiency of the antenna in each frequency band is significantly improved, and the operating bandwidth of the antenna is optimized, enabling it to cover multiple communication frequency bands.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the feeding structure 40 includes a feeding point 41 and a grounding point 42. The feeding point 41 is located at one end of the second high-frequency radiating arm 212, and the grounding point 42 is located at one end of the first high-frequency radiating arm 211. Through the feeding structure 40, external circuitry can provide electrical signals to the high-frequency stub 21 and the low-frequency stub 22 to drive the antenna to operate.

[0030] The feeding structure 40 uses a cable mounting method to connect to the external circuit, which facilitates flexible installation of the antenna in different devices. In addition, the antenna feeding structure 40 can also achieve optimal adaptation between the antenna and the device by adjusting the parameters of components such as capacitors and inductors in the matching circuit according to the characteristics of different terminal devices.

[0031] When the feed structure 40 receives an electrical signal from an external circuit, the high-frequency stub 21 and the low-frequency stub 22 operate in their respective frequency bands. The high-frequency stub 21 is electromagnetically coupled to the high-frequency parasitic stub 31, and the low-frequency stub 22 is electromagnetically coupled to the low-frequency parasitic stub 32, together forming an optimized radiation field to achieve full-band coverage. Due to the symmetrical design, the antenna's radiation pattern exhibits excellent omnidirectional characteristics, meeting the requirements of mobile communication. Simultaneously, the dimensions and spacing of the high-frequency stub 21 and the low-frequency stub 22 are carefully designed to effectively reduce mutual interference between different frequency bands, ensuring the antenna's stable performance in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0032] The antenna in this embodiment has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and wide frequency coverage. It can be used as a standardized component in various communication devices, which significantly reduces R&D and production costs and enhances the product's versatility and market competitiveness.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the specific construction and layout of the parasitic structure 30 are further optimized to achieve a better electromagnetic coupling effect.

[0034] The high-frequency parasitic stub 31 includes a first high-frequency parasitic radiating arm 311 and a second high-frequency parasitic radiating arm 312, which are symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency stub 21. For example... Figure 2 As shown, both the first high-frequency parasitic radiation arm 311 and the second high-frequency parasitic radiation arm 312 adopt an "L"-shaped structure design, which enables the parasitic radiation arm to resonate at a specific frequency, effectively enhancing the reception and transmission capabilities of high-frequency signals.

[0035] The low-frequency parasitic stub 32 includes a first low-frequency parasitic radiating arm 321 and a second low-frequency parasitic radiating arm 322, which are also symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency stub 21. The first low-frequency parasitic radiating arm 321 and the second low-frequency parasitic radiating arm 322 also adopt an "L"-shaped structure and are arranged parallel to the low-frequency stub 22. This parallel arrangement enhances the electromagnetic coupling strength between the low-frequency parasitic stub 32 and the low-frequency stub 22, thereby improving the processing capability of low-frequency signals.

[0036] In this embodiment, the current distribution on the antenna surface exhibits significant frequency selectivity at different frequencies. At high frequencies (e.g., the 2.7 GHz band), the current is mainly concentrated on the high-frequency stub 210 and the high-frequency parasitic stub 310; while at low frequencies (e.g., the 700 MHz band), the current is mainly distributed on the low-frequency stub 220 and the low-frequency parasitic stub 320. The "L"-shaped parasitic radiating arm structure creates additional current paths, allowing the current to form a longer effective path at specific frequencies, thereby enhancing the radiation efficiency of the corresponding frequency band. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic coupling between the parasitic structure and the radiating structure optimizes the antenna's impedance characteristics and improves its matching degree.

[0037] like Figure 4 The S11 parameter curve shown indicates that the antenna in this embodiment has good impedance matching throughout the entire operating frequency band, and the reflection coefficient is below -10dB at key frequency points (such as LTE700, GSM850, WIFI 2.4G, WIFI5G, etc.), indicating that the antenna can efficiently receive and transmit signals in these frequency bands.

[0038] Figure 5 The efficiency (dB) curves visually demonstrate the antenna's overall efficiency at various frequencies, which remains at a high level overall. Particularly at frequencies with optimized parasitic structure design, the efficiency curves exhibit significant peaks, verifying the role of parasitic structures in improving antenna performance.

[0039] The parasitic structure design in this embodiment enables the antenna to cover multiple communication frequency bands while maintaining a small size, making it suitable for miniaturized devices with limited space. The symmetrical layout of the "L"-shaped parasitic radiating arms not only optimizes the antenna's radiation performance but also reduces electromagnetic interference to surrounding electronic components, improving the overall electromagnetic compatibility. By adjusting the size and position of the parasitic radiating arms, the antenna's operating frequency band characteristics can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the requirements of different communication standards and regional spectrum allocations, enhancing the product's versatility and adaptability.

[0040] In this embodiment, both the radiating structure 20 and the parasitic structure 30 are provided with an anti-oxidation coating (not shown). This anti-oxidation coating is a silver-plated layer with a thickness of about 3-5 μm, covering the metal surface of the antenna, effectively blocking the direct contact between oxygen and moisture in the air and the metal, preventing metal oxidation and corrosion, and improving the durability and performance stability of the antenna.

[0041] The antenna body is made of a highly conductive copper alloy, which possesses excellent conductivity and appropriate toughness, ensuring stable electrical performance while withstanding certain physical stresses. The mainboard 10 uses a low-loss dielectric material with a stable dielectric constant, maintaining the stability of the antenna's electrical characteristics even under varying temperature and humidity conditions.

[0042] This application provides an antenna including a main board 10, a radiating structure 20, a parasitic structure 30, and a feeding structure 40. The radiating structure is disposed on the main board 10. The radiating structure 20 includes a high-frequency stub 21 and a low-frequency stub 22. The high-frequency stub 21 is used to receive and transmit high-frequency signals, and the low-frequency stub 22 is used to receive and transmit low-frequency signals. Through the combined design of the high-frequency stub 21 and the low-frequency stub 22, full-band coverage is achieved, enabling a single antenna to support communication needs from 2G to 5G and multiple WIFI frequency bands. The parasitic structure 30 is disposed on the main board 10, and the parasitic structure 30 includes a high-frequency parasitic stub 31 and a low-frequency parasitic stub. 32. The high-frequency parasitic stub 31 is electromagnetically coupled to the high-frequency stub 21. The high-frequency parasitic stub 31 is used to enhance the reception and transmission of high-frequency signals. The low-frequency parasitic stub 32 is electromagnetically coupled to the low-frequency stub 21. The low-frequency parasitic stub 32 is used to enhance the reception and transmission of low-frequency signals. The feeding structure 40 is connected to the high-frequency stub 21 and the low-frequency stub 22 respectively, and is used to provide electrical signals to the high-frequency stub 21 and the low-frequency stub 22. The design of electromagnetic coupling between the high-frequency parasitic stub 31 and the low-frequency parasitic stub 32 and the corresponding radiating stubs effectively enhances the signal reception and transmission capabilities and maintains stable communication performance in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0043] This application also provides an embodiment of a communication device, which includes the antenna described above. For the specific structure and function of the communication device, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0044] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: Motherboard; A radiating structure is disposed on the motherboard. The radiating structure includes a high-frequency branch and a low-frequency branch. The high-frequency branch is used to receive and transmit high-frequency signals, and the low-frequency branch is used to receive and transmit low-frequency signals. A parasitic structure is disposed on the motherboard. The parasitic structure includes a high-frequency parasitic branch and a low-frequency parasitic branch. The high-frequency parasitic branch is electromagnetically coupled to the high-frequency branch and is used to enhance the reception and transmission of high-frequency signals. The low-frequency parasitic branch is electromagnetically coupled to the low-frequency branch and is used to enhance the reception and transmission of low-frequency signals. The power supply structure is connected to the high-frequency stub and the low-frequency stub respectively, and is used to provide electrical signals to the high-frequency stub and the low-frequency stub.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply structure includes a power supply point and a grounding point. The high-frequency stub includes a first high-frequency radiating arm and a second high-frequency radiating arm. The grounding point is located at one end of the first high-frequency radiating arm, and the power supply point is located at one end of the second high-frequency radiating arm. The first high-frequency radiating arm and the second high-frequency radiating arm are arranged symmetrically.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The low-frequency stub includes a first low-frequency radiating arm and a second low-frequency radiating arm. One end of the first high-frequency radiating arm is electrically connected to the first low-frequency radiating arm, and one end of the second high-frequency radiating arm is electrically connected to the second low-frequency radiating arm. The first low-frequency radiating arm and the second low-frequency radiating arm are symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency stub.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency parasitic branch includes a first high-frequency parasitic radiating arm and a second high-frequency parasitic radiating arm, and the first high-frequency parasitic radiating arm and the second high-frequency parasitic radiating arm are symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency branch.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the first and second high-frequency parasitic radiation arms are "L" shaped structures.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The low-frequency parasitic branch includes a first low-frequency parasitic radiating arm and a second low-frequency parasitic radiating arm, which are symmetrically arranged about the high-frequency branch.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first and second low-frequency parasitic radiation arms are "L"-shaped structures and are arranged parallel to the low-frequency stubs.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the radiating structure and the parasitic structure have an anti-oxidation coating on their surfaces to improve the antenna's durability and stability.

9. A communication device, characterized in that, Including the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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