A regulating circuit and power adapter

Abstract

The application discloses a regulating circuit and a power adapter. The regulating circuit comprises a conversion circuit, a feedback circuit, a switch and a level enabling circuit. The conversion circuit is connected between an input end and an output end of the regulating circuit, and is used for converting a direct-current input signal at the input end into a direct-current output signal. The conversion circuit has a control end. The feedback circuit is connected between the output end of the regulating circuit and the control end of the conversion circuit, and the feedback circuit has an enabling end. The level enabling circuit is connected between the output end of the regulating circuit and the enabling end of the feedback circuit. The switch is connected in series in a branch where the level enabling circuit is located. The regulating circuit in the application can provide two different voltage outputs in two different states of the switch, and the versatility of the power adapter provided with the regulating circuit can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power adapter technology, specifically to a regulating circuit and a power adapter. Background Technology

[0002] In the application of modern electronic devices, the power adapter plays a crucial role. The function of a power adapter is to convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) suitable for electronic devices. However, current power adapters can only provide a fixed voltage output, meaning they can only function properly when matched to specific loads, limiting their versatility across different devices. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application discloses an adjustment circuit and a power adapter. The adjustment circuit is used to provide different output voltages when the switch is in different states, which can improve the versatility of the power adapter.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application disclose an adjustment circuit having an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal is used to connect to a power supply, and the output terminal is used to connect to a load. The adjustment circuit includes a conversion circuit, a feedback circuit, a switch, and a level enable circuit. The conversion circuit is connected between the input and output terminals of the adjustment circuit and is used to convert a DC input signal at the input terminal into a DC output signal; the conversion circuit has a control terminal. The feedback circuit is connected between the output terminal of the adjustment circuit and the control terminal of the conversion circuit, and the feedback circuit has an enable terminal. The level enable circuit is connected between the output terminal of the adjustment circuit and the enable terminal of the feedback circuit. The switch is connected in series in the branch containing the level enable circuit; when the switch is on, the level enable circuit generates an enable DC signal based on the DC output signal; the feedback circuit generates a first feedback signal based on the enable DC signal; the conversion circuit adjusts the voltage value of the DC output signal to a first voltage based on the first feedback signal; when the switch is off, the feedback circuit generates a second feedback signal based on the DC output signal; the conversion circuit adjusts the voltage value of the DC output signal to a second voltage based on the second feedback signal; wherein the first voltage and the second voltage are different.

[0005] In some possible embodiments, the first terminal of the conversion circuit is connected to the input terminal of the adjustment circuit, the second terminal of the conversion circuit is connected to the output terminal of the adjustment circuit, the control terminal of the conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the feedback circuit, the second terminal of the feedback circuit is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit, the enable terminal of the feedback circuit is connected to the first terminal of the level enable circuit, and the second terminal of the level enable circuit is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit through a switch.

[0006] In some possible embodiments, the level enable circuit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a first switching device, wherein: the first terminal of the first switching device is connected to the second terminal of the switching circuit through the first resistor, the first terminal of the first switching device is grounded through the second resistor, the second terminal of the first switching device is connected to the enable terminal of the feedback circuit through the third resistor, and the third terminal of the first switching device is grounded.

[0007] In some possible embodiments, the feedback circuit includes a feedback module and a sampling module, wherein: a first terminal of the feedback module is connected to the control terminal of the conversion circuit, a second terminal of the feedback module is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module, and a third terminal of the feedback module is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit; the second terminal of the sampling module is connected to the first terminal of the level enable circuit, and the third terminal of the sampling module is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit; when the switch is on, the sampling module is used to determine a first sampling voltage based on the enable DC signal, and the feedback module is used to determine a first feedback signal based on the first sampling voltage; when the switch is off, the sampling module is used to determine a second sampling voltage based on the DC output signal, and the feedback module is used to determine a second feedback signal based on the second sampling voltage.

[0008] In some possible embodiments, the sampling module includes a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein: one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the feedback circuit, one end of the fifth resistor and the first terminal of the level enable circuit, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, the feedback module includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a first capacitor, an optocoupler, and a voltage regulator comparator. One end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit. The other end of the sixth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and the first input terminal of the optocoupler. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the optocoupler, the output terminal of the voltage regulator comparator, and one end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module through the eighth resistor. The first input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module. The second input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator is grounded. The first output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the control terminal of the conversion circuit, and the second output terminal of the optocoupler is grounded.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, the feedback circuit further includes a second capacitor, wherein the second capacitor is connected between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the optocoupler.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, the conversion circuit includes a conversion module, a second switching device, and a ninth resistor, wherein: a first terminal of the conversion module is connected to the input terminal of the adjustment circuit, a second terminal of the conversion module is connected to the first terminal of the second switching device, and a third terminal of the conversion module is connected to the first terminal of the feedback circuit; a second terminal of the second switching device is connected to the output terminal of the adjustment circuit, and a third terminal of the second switching device is grounded through the ninth resistor; when the switch is on, the conversion module is used to determine a first control signal based on a first feedback signal, and the first control signal is used to control the second switching device to adjust the voltage value of the DC output signal to a first voltage; when the switch is off, the conversion module is used to determine a second control signal based on a second feedback signal, and the second control signal is used to control the second switching device to adjust the voltage value of the DC output signal to a second voltage.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the conversion circuit further includes a transformer, a tenth resistor, a third capacitor, a first diode, and a second diode, wherein: one end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the first terminal of the conversion module, the positive terminal of the third capacitor, and the negative terminal of the second diode, respectively; the other end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the second terminal of the second switching device; one end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode, the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the regulating circuit, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer is grounded; one end of the auxiliary winding on the primary side of the transformer is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode through the tenth resistor, the other end of the auxiliary winding on the primary side of the transformer is grounded, and the negative terminal of the third capacitor is grounded.

[0013] In some possible embodiments, the conversion circuit further includes an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a fourth capacitor, and a third diode, wherein: one end of the eleventh resistor is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer, the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the third diode, the positive terminal of the third diode is connected to the other end of the primary winding of the transformer, and the twelfth resistor and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel with the eleventh resistor.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application disclose a power adapter, including the adjustment circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0015] In this embodiment, the regulating circuit includes a conversion circuit, a feedback circuit, a switch, and a level enable circuit. The conversion circuit converts the DC input signal at its input terminal into a DC output signal and has a control terminal. Specifically, when the switch is in two different states (i.e., on and off), the feedback circuit outputs different feedback signals to the control terminal of the conversion circuit, causing the conversion circuit to adjust the voltage value of the DC output signal to a first voltage or a second voltage, where the first and second voltages are different. Therefore, the regulating circuit in this application can provide two different voltage outputs in two different switch states, adapting to devices or apparatuses with two different voltage requirements, or providing different voltages to the same device in different operating modes, thus improving the versatility of power adapters equipped with this regulating circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power adapter disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the level enable circuit in the adjustment circuit shown;

[0020] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of the adjustment circuit disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the feedback circuit in the adjustment circuit shown;

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the feedback circuit in the adjustment circuit shown;

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the switching circuit in the adjustment circuit shown.

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another structure of the conversion circuit in the adjustment circuit shown;

[0025] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another structure of the switching circuit in the adjustment circuit shown;

[0026] Figure 10 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another structure of the switching circuit in the adjustment circuit shown;

[0027] Figure 11 This is another structural schematic diagram of a power adapter disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] This application discloses an adjustment circuit and a power adapter for providing different output voltages under different switch states, thereby improving versatility. These will be described in detail below.

[0030] To better understand the embodiments of this application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power adapter 100 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the power adapter 100 may include a rectifier 102 and a transformer 104 connected to each other. High-voltage AC power from household power (i.e., AC mains power) is rectified into high-voltage DC power by the rectifier 102, and then converted into low-voltage DC power by the transformer 104, thereby supplying power to loads (e.g., electronic devices, household appliances). Since different loads require different voltages to operate normally, different power adapters are typically needed to match different loads to ensure their proper functioning.

[0032] For example, when the load is a laptop, the laptop's power adapter needs to provide 19V DC voltage to the laptop. When the load is a mobile phone, the mobile phone's power adapter needs to provide 5V DC voltage to the mobile phone. Therefore, since different loads require different power supply voltages, multiple corresponding power adapters are needed to provide power, making it difficult for a single power adapter to adapt to multiple different loads.

[0033] To address the aforementioned issues, this application presents a regulating circuit that can be applied within the transformer 104. This circuit can convert the output voltage of the rectifier 102 into different voltage values ​​under different switch states, thereby providing different output voltages to the load and improving the versatility of the power adapter 100 equipped with this regulating circuit.

[0034] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment circuit 200 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the regulating circuit 200 has an input terminal 201 and an output terminal 203. The input terminal 201 is used to connect to a power supply; for example, it can be connected to an AC mains circuit to introduce the high-voltage AC current from the mains circuit into the regulating circuit 200. The voltage of the mains circuit can be 220V or 360V, etc. Alternatively, the input terminal 201 can be connected to the output terminal of the rectifier 102, allowing the regulating circuit 200 to directly step down the rectified mains voltage. The output terminal 203 is used to connect to a load, which can be electronic equipment, household appliances, etc.

[0035] In this embodiment, the regulating circuit 200 may include a conversion circuit 30, a feedback circuit 40, a level enable circuit 50, and a switch 60. The conversion circuit 30 is connected between the input terminal 201 and the output terminal 203 of the regulating circuit 200. It is used to convert the DC input signal at the input terminal 201 into a DC output signal, which is then output via the output terminal 203 to supply power to the load.

[0036] Specifically, the conversion circuit 30 has a first terminal (not shown in the figure), a second terminal (not shown in the figure), and a control terminal 302. The first terminal of the conversion circuit 30 is connected to the input terminal 201 of the adjustment circuit 200, the second terminal of the conversion circuit 30 is connected to the output terminal 203 of the adjustment circuit 200, and the control terminal 302 of the conversion circuit 30 is connected to the feedback circuit 40.

[0037] Feedback circuit 40 is connected between the output terminal 203 of adjustment circuit 200 and the control terminal 302 of conversion circuit 30. It is used to output feedback signal to the control terminal 302 of conversion circuit 30 so that conversion circuit 30 can adjust DC output signal to different voltage values ​​under the action of different feedback signals.

[0038] Specifically, the feedback circuit 40 has a first terminal (not shown in the figure), a second terminal (not shown in the figure), and an enable terminal 401. The first terminal of the feedback circuit 40 is connected to the control terminal 302 of the conversion circuit 30, the second terminal of the feedback circuit 40 is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit 30, and the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40 is connected to the level enable circuit 50.

[0039] A level-enabled circuit 50 is connected between the output terminal 203 of the regulating circuit 200 and the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40. A switch 60 is connected in series in the branch containing the level-enabled circuit 50. Specifically, the level-enabled circuit 50 has a first terminal (not shown in the figure) and a second terminal (not shown in the figure). The first terminal of the level-enabled circuit 50 is connected to the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40, and the second terminal of the level-enabled circuit 50 is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit 30 through the switch 60.

[0040] Specifically, when switch 60 is on, level enable circuit 50 generates an enable DC signal based on the DC output signal; feedback circuit 40 generates a first feedback signal based on the enable DC signal; and conversion circuit 30 adjusts the voltage value of the DC output signal to a first voltage based on the first feedback signal. When switch 60 is off, feedback circuit 40 generates a second feedback signal based on the DC output signal; and conversion circuit 30 adjusts the voltage value of the DC output signal to a second voltage based on the second feedback signal. The first voltage and the second voltage are different. This embodiment does not limit the range of values ​​for the first and second voltages. For example, the first voltage can be less than or equal to 10V, such as 5V, 8V, etc.; and the second voltage can be greater than 10V, such as 15V, 19V, 25V, etc.

[0041] Therefore, the regulating circuit 200 in this application can provide two different voltage outputs in two different states of the switch 60, which can be adapted to two different voltage requirements of devices or apparatuses, or provide different voltages for the same device in different operating modes, thereby improving the versatility of the power adapter 100 equipped with the regulating circuit 200.

[0042] It should be understood that the connections in this application can be electrical connections.

[0043] The specific circuit structure of the adjustment circuit 200 is described below.

[0044] In some possible examples, switch 60 can be a mechanical switch that can switch states under user operation to achieve different voltage outputs. In other possible examples, switch 60 can be a smart switch, which can be controlled by a corresponding IC control circuit. For example, when the IC control circuit detects that the connected load requires a first voltage for power supply, it controls switch 60 to turn on; when the IC control circuit detects that the connected load requires a second voltage for power supply, it controls switch 60 to turn off. Specifically, this embodiment does not limit the implementation of switch 60.

[0045] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a level enable circuit 50 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the level enable circuit 50 may include a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a first switching device Q1.

[0046] The first terminal of the first switching device Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit 30 (that is, the output terminal 203 of the adjustment circuit 200) through the first resistor R1. The first terminal of the first switching device Q1 is grounded through the second resistor R2. The second terminal of the first switching device Q1 is connected to the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40 through the third resistor R3. The third terminal of the first switching device Q1 is grounded.

[0047] Specifically, the first switching device Q1 can be a transistor, such as a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), or other devices used to control circuit switching, such as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). This embodiment does not impose a specific limitation on this. For example, when the first switching device Q1 is a transistor (BJT), the base of the transistor is the first terminal of the first switching device Q1, the collector of the transistor is the second terminal of the first switching device Q1, and the emitter of the transistor is the third terminal of the first switching device Q1. As another example, when the first switching device Q1 is a MOSFET, the gate of the MOSFET is the first terminal of the first switching device Q1, the source of the MOSFET is the second terminal of the first switching device Q1, and the drain of the MOSFET is the third terminal of the first switching device Q1.

[0048] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first switching device Q1 is a transistor (BJT) as an example for explanation. Specifically, Figure 3 The base of the transistor in the circuit is connected to the second terminal of the switching circuit 30 via switch 60.

[0049] When switch 60 is turned on, the DC output signal causes current to flow through the series circuit containing the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, resulting in a voltage drop across the second resistor R2. This voltage drop provides a bias voltage to the base of the first switching device Q1, causing the first switching device Q1 to turn on.

[0050] Since the first switching device Q1 is turned on, current can flow to ground through the third terminal of the first switching device Q1, thereby grounding the third resistor R3. This changes the voltage at the connection point of the feedback circuit 40 (i.e., the enable terminal 401), which is connected to the third resistor R3, thus changing the feedback signal generated by the feedback circuit 40. It is easy to understand that when the switch 60 is turned on, the voltage at the enable terminal 401 will also change accordingly. The above-mentioned change process can be understood as the process by which the level enable circuit 50 "generates an enable DC signal based on the DC output signal".

[0051] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another adjustment circuit 200 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the feedback circuit 40 may include a feedback module 410 and a sampling module 430.

[0052] The first terminal of the feedback module 410 is connected to the control terminal 302 of the conversion circuit 30, the second terminal of the feedback module 410 is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module 430, and the third terminal of the feedback module 410 is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit 30. The second terminal of the sampling module 430 is connected to the first terminal of the level enable circuit 50, and the third terminal of the sampling module 430 is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit 30. Here, the "second terminal of the sampling module 430" can be regarded as the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40. The sampling module 430 can sample the DC signal at the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40 to ensure that the feedback signal accurately reflects the voltage change state.

[0053] Specifically, when switch 60 is on, sampling module 430 determines a first sampling voltage based on the enable DC signal, and feedback module 410 determines a first feedback signal based on the first sampling voltage. When switch 60 is off, sampling module 430 determines a second sampling voltage based on the DC output signal, and feedback module 410 determines a second feedback signal based on the second sampling voltage.

[0054] Here we combine Figure 3 It is easy to see that when switch 60 is on, the third resistor R3 connected to the enable terminal 401 is grounded, thereby changing the voltage value at the enable terminal 401. Therefore, the first sampling voltage corresponding to when switch 60 is on is different from the second sampling voltage corresponding to when switch 60 is off, which in turn makes the first feedback signal and the second feedback signal determined by the feedback module 410 also different.

[0055] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feedback circuit 40 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5The feedback circuit 40 shown is composed of Figure 4 The feedback circuit 40 shown is optimized. Figure 5 As shown, the sampling module 430 may include a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5.

[0056] One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second end of the conversion circuit 30 (that is, the output terminal 203 of the adjustment circuit 200), and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second end of the feedback circuit 40, one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the first end of the level enable circuit 50 (that is, the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40). The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.

[0057] The sampling voltage is the voltage drop across the fifth resistor R5. When the output voltage of the conversion circuit 30 is the same, the current flowing through the fifth resistor R5 differs due to the on / off state of switch 60, resulting in different voltage drops across R5. Specifically, when switch 60 is on, the third resistor R3, connected to the enable terminal 401, is grounded. At this time, the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5 are connected in parallel, shunting the current flowing through R5, thus reducing the sampling voltage.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, the feedback module 410 may include a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a first capacitor C1, an optocoupler O1, and a voltage regulator comparator U1.

[0059] One end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit 30 (i.e., the output terminal 203 of the adjustment circuit 200). The other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7 and the first input terminal of the optocoupler O1 (not shown in the figure). The other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the second input terminal of the optocoupler O1 (not shown in the figure), the output terminal of the voltage regulator comparator U1, and one end of the first capacitor C1. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module 430 (i.e., the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40) through the eighth resistor R8. The first input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator U1 is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module 430. The second input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator U1 is grounded. The first output terminal of the optocoupler O1 is connected to the control terminal 302 of the conversion circuit 30. The second output terminal of the optocoupler O1 is grounded.

[0060] Specifically, the voltage regulator comparator U1 monitors the voltage at point A (i.e., the enable terminal 401 of the feedback circuit 40) (received through the positive input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator U1, i.e., the first input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator U1), and compares this voltage with the ground voltage of the voltage regulator comparator U1 (received through the inverting input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator U1, i.e., the second input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator U1). When the voltage at point A changes, the voltage regulator comparator U1 compares the voltage at point A with the ground voltage and generates a feedback signal. The feedback signal can be transmitted to the conversion circuit 30 through the optocoupler O1.

[0061] An optocoupler O1 is a device that uses optical signals to transmit electrical signals. An optocoupler O1 may include a light-emitting diode (LED) and a photosensitive receiver.

[0062] When current flows through the LED, it emits a light signal. The magnitude of the current flowing through the LED can be controlled by the current-limiting resistor (resistor R6). The intensity of the emitted light signal reflects the magnitude of the input signal. The light signal emitted by the LED passes through the isolation layer inside the optocoupler O1 to the photodetector. When the photodetector detects the light signal, its conductivity increases, leading to an increase in the current flowing through it.

[0063] The seventh resistor R7 provides a working current for the optocoupler O1, ensuring that the optocoupler O1 works normally.

[0064] The first capacitor C1 and the eighth resistor R8 form a feedback compensation network, which can ensure the stability of the reference voltage of the voltage regulator comparator U1.

[0065] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another feedback circuit 40 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Wherein, Figure 6 The feedback circuit 40 shown is composed of Figure 5 The feedback circuit 40 shown is optimized. Figure 6 As shown, the feedback module may also include a second capacitor C2. The second capacitor C2 is connected between the first and second output terminals of the optocoupler O1. As the feedback capacitor of the optocoupler O1, the second capacitor C2 can work with the output resistance of the optocoupler O1 to form a low-pass filter, which can improve the feedback signal.

[0066] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conversion circuit 30 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the conversion circuit 30 may include a conversion module 320, a second switching device Q2, and a ninth resistor R9.

[0067] The first end of the conversion module 320 is connected to the input end 201 of the adjustment circuit 200, the second end of the conversion module 320 is connected to the first end of the second switching device Q2, the third end of the conversion module 320 (that is, the control end 302 of the conversion circuit 30) is connected to the first end of the feedback circuit 40, the second end of the second switching device Q2 is the output end 203 of the adjustment circuit 200, and the third end of the second switching device Q2 is grounded through the ninth resistor R9.

[0068] When switch 60 is on, conversion module 320 determines a first control signal based on a first feedback signal. The first control signal controls the second switching device Q2 to adjust the voltage value of the DC output signal to the first voltage. When switch 60 is off, conversion module 320 determines a second control signal based on a second feedback signal. The second control signal controls the second switching device Q2 to adjust the voltage value of the DC output signal to the second voltage.

[0069] Specifically, the second switching device Q2 can be a MOSFET or other devices with equivalent functions, such as an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).

[0070] When the second switching device Q2 is a MOSFET, the gate of the MOSFET is the first terminal of the second switching device Q2, the drain of the MOSFET is the second terminal of the second switching device Q2, and the source of the MOSFET is the third terminal of the second switching device Q2.

[0071] Specifically, the conversion module 320 can be a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller. When the conversion module 320 is a PWM controller, the PWM controller can determine the PWM signal (control signal) according to the feedback signal generated by the feedback circuit 40. The PWM signal can adjust the conduction time of the second switching device Q2 according to the target voltage, thereby adjusting the output voltage of the output terminal 203 of the regulating circuit 200 so that the output voltage switches between the first voltage and the second voltage.

[0072] The ninth resistor R9 is a pull-down resistor that ensures that the second switching device Q2 is in the off state when there are no first and second control signals. The ninth resistor R9 provides a discharge path to the second switching device Q2 to quickly remove the charge.

[0073] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another conversion circuit 30 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Wherein, Figure 8 The conversion circuit 30 shown is composed of Figure 7The conversion circuit 30 shown is optimized. Figure 8 As shown, the conversion circuit 30 also includes a transformer T1, a tenth resistor R10, a third capacitor C3, a first diode D1, and a second diode D2.

[0074] One end of the primary winding of transformer T1 is connected to the first terminal of conversion module 320 (i.e., input terminal 201 of adjustment circuit 200), the positive terminal of third capacitor C3, and the negative terminal of second diode D. The other end of the primary winding of transformer T1 is connected to the second terminal of second switching device Q2. One end of the secondary winding of transformer T1 is connected to the positive terminal of first diode D1, the negative terminal of first diode D1 is connected to output terminal 203 of adjustment circuit 200, and the other end of the secondary winding of transformer T1 is grounded. One end of the auxiliary winding on the primary side of transformer T1 is connected to the positive terminal of second diode D2 through tenth resistor R10, the other end of the auxiliary winding on the primary side of transformer T1 is grounded, and the negative terminal of third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0075] The conversion module 320 can determine either a first control signal or a second control signal, which can control the switching state of the second switching device Q2. This generates a pulsating DC voltage on the primary winding of transformer T1, which is converted into a corresponding voltage based on the turns ratio of the primary and secondary windings of transformer T1. If the number of turns in the primary winding of transformer T1 is greater than the number of turns in the secondary winding, the pulsating DC voltage decreases; if the number of turns in the primary winding is less than the number of turns in the secondary winding, the pulsating DC voltage increases. After rectification by the first diode D1, a smoother DC voltage is obtained and output through the output terminal 203 of the regulating circuit 200.

[0076] The primary auxiliary winding of transformer T1, the second diode D2, the third capacitor C3, and the tenth resistor R10 constitute an auxiliary power supply, which can provide energy for the conversion module 320 and its control circuit.

[0077] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another conversion circuit 30 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Wherein, Figure 9 The conversion circuit 30 shown is composed of Figure 8 The conversion circuit 30 shown is optimized. Figure 9 As shown, the conversion circuit 30 also includes an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a fourth capacitor C4, and a third diode D3.

[0078] One end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to one end of the primary winding of transformer T1, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the negative terminal of the third diode D3. The positive terminal of the third diode D3 is connected to the other end of the primary winding of transformer T1. The twelfth resistor R12 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected in parallel with the eleventh resistor R11.

[0079] When the second switching device Q2 is suddenly turned off, the primary winding of transformer T1 will generate a high voltage spike due to self-inductance. This spike can pass through the second switching device Q2 in reverse and may damage it.

[0080] The eleventh resistor R11, the twelfth resistor R12, the fourth capacitor C4, and the third diode D3 can form a snubber circuit, also known as a clamping circuit. This snubber circuit protects the second switching device Q2 from voltage spikes.

[0081] The third diode D3 provides a path to absorb the induced voltage generated in the primary winding of transformer T1 when the second switching device Q2 is turned off. The third diode D3 is reverse-biased during normal operation. When the second switching device Q2 is off, the induced voltage turns on the third diode D3, thereby "clamping" this induced voltage to a safe level.

[0082] The eleventh resistor R11, the twelfth resistor R12, and the fourth capacitor C4 work together to absorb and smooth the spikes generated by the induced voltage, which can help disperse the spike energy and reduce the peak voltage.

[0083] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another conversion circuit 30 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Wherein, Figure 10 The conversion circuit 30 shown is composed of Figure 9 The conversion circuit 30 shown is optimized. Figure 10 As shown, the conversion circuit 30 also includes a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, and a fifth capacitor C5.

[0084] The second terminal of the conversion module 320 is connected to the first terminal of the second switching device Q2 through the thirteenth resistor R13. The fourth terminal of the conversion module 320 is connected to the third terminal of the second switching device Q2 and one end of the ninth resistor R9 through the fourteenth resistor R14. The two ends of the fifteenth resistor R15 are connected to the first terminal and the third terminal of the second switching device Q2, respectively. The fifth terminal of the conversion module 320 is grounded through the fifth capacitor.

[0085] The thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the gate of the conversion module 320 and the second switching device Q2, which can provide appropriate gate bias for the second switching device Q2 and ensure that the second switching device Q2 is turned on correctly at its operating point.

[0086] The fifteenth resistor R15 forms a network between the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14, which can affect the voltage between the first and third terminals of the second switching device Q2, and works with the ninth resistor R9 to set the operating mode of the second switching device Q2.

[0087] One end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the input terminal 201 of the adjustment circuit 200, and the other end is connected to the first terminal of the conversion module 320. Specifically, the sixteenth resistor R16 may include one resistor or multiple resistors. If the sixteenth resistor R16 includes multiple resistors, it can be formed by connecting these multiple resistors in series. The sixteenth resistor R16 can provide a starting current for the conversion module 320 and can limit the current flowing to the conversion module 320, ensuring the safe start-up of the conversion module 320.

[0088] The fifth capacitor, C5, is the external oscillation capacitor of the conversion module 320, which determines the frequency and stability of the oscillation.

[0089] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is another structural schematic diagram of a power adapter 100 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. The power adapter 100 may include the aforementioned regulating circuit 200. Figure 11 As shown, the power adapter may include a regulating circuit 200, a fuse F1, a varistor VR, an electromagnetic interference filter, a rectifier bridge, and a sixth capacitor C6.

[0090] One end of fuse F1 is connected to the live wire of the AC power supply. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to one end of varistor VR and the first input terminal of the electromagnetic interference filter. The other end of varistor VR is connected to the neutral wire of the AC power supply and the second input terminal of the electromagnetic interference filter. The first output terminal of the electromagnetic interference filter is connected to the first input terminal of the rectifier bridge. The second output terminal of the electromagnetic interference filter is connected to the second input terminal of the rectifier bridge. The first output terminal of the rectifier bridge is connected to the positive terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 and the input terminal 201 of the adjustment circuit 200. The first output terminal of the rectifier bridge and the negative terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 are grounded.

[0091] The AC signal flows through the fuse F1 to the varistor VR, and then is filtered by the electromagnetic interference filter. The filtered AC signal flows into the rectifier bridge, which converts the AC signal into a DC signal. The DC signal then flows into the input terminal 201 of the regulating circuit 200.

[0092] Fuse F1 can disconnect the circuit in case of overload or short circuit. Varistor VR can absorb excess energy in case of abnormal voltage rise, protecting the circuit from damage caused by high voltage surges. Electromagnetic interference filter can reduce electromagnetic interference to the circuit, improving circuit stability and performance. Sixth capacitor C6 can filter and store energy, providing a more stable DC voltage for downstream circuits (including regulation circuit 200).

[0093] For a detailed description of the adjustment circuit 200, please refer to the relevant description above.

[0094] This application discloses an adjustment circuit 200 and a power adapter 100 configured with the adjustment circuit 200. The adjustment circuit 200 has an input terminal 201 and an output terminal 203. The input terminal 201 is used to connect to a power supply, and the output terminal 203 is used to connect to a load.

[0095] The regulating circuit 200 may include a conversion circuit 30, a feedback circuit 40, a level enable circuit 50, and a switch 60. The conversion circuit 30 is connected between the input terminal 201 and the output terminal 203 of the regulating circuit 200. It converts the DC input signal at the input terminal 201 into a DC output signal, which is output via the output terminal 203 to supply power to the load. Specifically, the conversion circuit 30 has a control terminal 302.

[0096] Feedback circuit 40 is connected between the output terminal 203 of adjustment circuit 200 and the control terminal 302 of conversion circuit 30. Specifically, feedback circuit 40 has an enable terminal 401. Level enable circuit 50 is connected between the output terminal 203 of adjustment circuit 200 and the enable terminal 401 of feedback circuit 40, and switch 60 is connected in series in the branch where level enable circuit 50 is located.

[0097] Specifically, when switch 60 is on, level enable circuit 50 generates an enable DC signal based on the DC output signal; feedback circuit 40 generates a first feedback signal based on the enable DC signal; and conversion circuit 30 adjusts the voltage value of the DC output signal to a first voltage based on the first feedback signal. When switch 60 is off, feedback circuit 40 generates a second feedback signal based on the DC output signal; and conversion circuit 30 adjusts the voltage value of the DC output signal to a second voltage based on the second feedback signal; wherein the first voltage and the second voltage are different.

[0098] Therefore, the regulating circuit 200 in this application can provide two different voltage outputs in two different states of the switch 60, which can be adapted to two different voltage requirements of devices or apparatuses, or provide different voltages for the same device in different operating modes, thereby improving the versatility of the power adapter 100 equipped with the regulating circuit 200.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An adjustment circuit, characterized in that, The circuit has an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the input terminal is used to connect to a power supply and the output terminal is used to connect to a load; the regulating circuit includes: A conversion circuit, connected between the input and output terminals of the regulating circuit, is used to convert the DC input signal at the input terminal into a DC output signal; the conversion circuit has a control terminal. A feedback circuit is connected between the output terminal of the regulating circuit and the control terminal of the conversion circuit, and the feedback circuit has an enable terminal. A level-enabled circuit is connected between the output terminal of the regulation circuit and the enable terminal of the feedback circuit; and, A switch is connected in series in the branch containing the level enable circuit; when the switch is turned on, the level enable circuit is used to generate an enable DC signal based on the DC output signal; the feedback circuit is used to generate a first feedback signal based on the enable DC signal; the conversion circuit is used to adjust the voltage value of the DC output signal to a first voltage based on the first feedback signal. When the switch is open, the feedback circuit generates a second feedback signal based on the DC output signal; the conversion circuit adjusts the voltage value of the DC output signal to a second voltage based on the second feedback signal; wherein the first voltage and the second voltage are different.

2. The adjustment circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first terminal of the conversion circuit is connected to the input terminal of the adjustment circuit, the second terminal of the conversion circuit is connected to the output terminal of the adjustment circuit, the control terminal of the conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the feedback circuit, the second terminal of the feedback circuit is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit, the enable terminal of the feedback circuit is connected to the first terminal of the level enable circuit, and the second terminal of the level enable circuit is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit through the switch.

3. The adjustment circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The level-enabled circuit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a first switching device, wherein: The first terminal of the first switching device is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit through the first resistor, the first terminal of the first switching device is grounded through the second resistor, the second terminal of the first switching device is connected to the enable terminal of the feedback circuit through the third resistor, and the third terminal of the first switching device is grounded.

4. The adjustment circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feedback circuit includes a feedback module and a sampling module, wherein: The first terminal of the feedback module is connected to the control terminal of the conversion circuit, the second terminal of the feedback module is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module, and the third terminal of the feedback module is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit; the second terminal of the sampling module is connected to the first terminal of the level enable circuit, and the third terminal of the sampling module is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit. When the switch is turned on, the sampling module is used to determine a first sampling voltage based on the enable DC signal, and the feedback module is used to determine a first feedback signal based on the first sampling voltage. When the switch is open, the sampling module is used to determine a second sampling voltage based on the DC output signal, and the feedback module is used to determine a second feedback signal based on the second sampling voltage.

5. The adjustment circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sampling module includes a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor, wherein: One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the conversion circuit, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the feedback circuit, one end of the fifth resistor, and the first end of the level enable circuit. The other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.

6. The adjustment circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feedback module includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a first capacitor, an optocoupler, and a voltage regulator comparator, wherein: One end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the conversion circuit. The other end of the sixth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and the first input terminal of the optocoupler. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the optocoupler, the output terminal of the voltage regulator comparator, and one end of the first capacitor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module through the eighth resistor. The first input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator is connected to the first terminal of the sampling module. The second input terminal of the voltage regulator comparator is grounded. The first output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the control terminal of the conversion circuit. The second output terminal of the optocoupler is grounded.

7. The adjustment circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feedback circuit also includes a second capacitor, wherein: The second capacitor is connected between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the optocoupler.

8. The adjustment circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion circuit includes a conversion module, a second switching device, and a ninth resistor, wherein: The first end of the conversion module is connected to the input end of the adjustment circuit, the second end of the conversion module is connected to the first end of the second switching device, and the third end of the conversion module is connected to the first end of the feedback circuit; the second end of the second switching device is connected to the output end of the adjustment circuit, and the third end of the second switching device is grounded through the ninth resistor. When the switch is turned on, the conversion module is used to determine a first control signal based on the first feedback signal. The first control signal is used to control the second switching device to adjust the voltage value of the DC output signal to the first voltage. When the switch is open, the conversion module is used to determine a second control signal based on the second feedback signal. The second control signal is used to control the second switching device to adjust the voltage value of the DC output signal to the second voltage.

9. The adjustment circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The conversion circuit further includes a transformer, a tenth resistor, a third capacitor, a first diode, and a second diode, wherein: One end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the first terminal of the conversion module, the positive terminal of the third capacitor, and the negative terminal of the second diode, respectively. The other end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the second terminal of the second switching device. One end of the secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode, the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the regulating circuit, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer is grounded. One end of the auxiliary winding on the primary side of the transformer is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode through the tenth resistor, and the other end of the auxiliary winding on the primary side of the transformer is grounded. The negative terminal of the third capacitor is grounded.

10. The adjustment circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The conversion circuit further includes an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a fourth capacitor, and a third diode, wherein: One end of the eleventh resistor is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer, the other end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the third diode, the positive terminal of the third diode is connected to the other end of the primary winding of the transformer, and the twelfth resistor and the fourth capacitor are connected in parallel with the eleventh resistor.

11. A power adapter, characterized in that, Includes the adjustment circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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