Gantry machine tool

Abstract

The application relates to a gantry machine tool, which comprises a machine tool body and a milling assembly, wherein the milling assembly is arranged on the machine tool body; the milling assembly comprises a shell, a main shaft arranged in rotation in the shell and having one end extending out of the shell for mounting a milling cutter, a transmission gear set comprising at least two transmission gears coaxially fixed to the main shaft and having different numbers of teeth, a driving gear set comprising at least two driving gears arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the transmission gears, each driving gear being coaxially fixed and arranged in a manner capable of sliding along the main shaft in the axial direction so that one of the driving gears is engaged with the corresponding transmission gear, a gear shifting mechanism for driving the driving gear set to slide along the main shaft in the axial direction, and a power member for driving the driving gear set to rotate. The application can switch the driving gear set to engage with different transmission gears through the gear shifting mechanism, so as to adjust the rotating speed and torque, meet different processing requirements and improve the adaptability of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of machine tool technology, specifically relating to a gantry machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] A gantry milling machine, also known as a gantry milling machine, is a milling machine with a gantry frame and a horizontal long bed. A gantry milling machine can use one or more milling cutters to machine the surface of a workpiece, offering high machining accuracy and production efficiency. It is suitable for machining the planes and inclined surfaces of large workpieces in batch and mass production.

[0003] However, existing milling cutters on gantry milling machines typically have limited cutting parameters and poor equipment adaptability, failing to meet diverse processing needs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a gantry milling machine to solve the technical problem that the cutting parameters are limited and cannot meet different processing needs.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application adopts the following technical solution: a gantry milling machine, including a machine tool body and a milling assembly, wherein the milling assembly is disposed in the machine tool body; the milling assembly includes: a housing; a spindle, rotatably disposed within the housing, with one end of the spindle extending out of the housing for mounting milling cutters; a transmission gear set, including at least two transmission gears, each transmission gear being coaxially fixed to the spindle, and each transmission gear having a different number of teeth; a drive gear set, including at least two drive gears, each drive gear and transmission gear being correspondingly arranged, each drive gear being coaxially fixed and configured to slide along the axial direction of the spindle, such that one of the drive gears meshes with the corresponding transmission gear; a shifting mechanism, driving the drive gear set to slide along the axial direction of the spindle; and a power component, driving the drive gear set to rotate.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this application, the shifting mechanism includes: a splined shaft disposed within the housing, the splined shaft being arranged parallel to the main shaft; a drive gear set being slidably disposed on the splined shaft along the axial direction of the splined shaft, the power component driving the splined shaft to rotate; and a toggle member being configured to drive the drive gear set to slide on the splined shaft, and the transmission gear set being rotatably connected to the toggle member.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, the actuating member includes: a sliding sleeve, configured to slide along the spline shaft axially on the spline shaft, the sliding sleeve being coaxially fixed with the drive gear set; and a shift fork, forked on the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve being rotatable relative to the shift fork, and the shift fork being able to drive the sliding sleeve to slide on the spline shaft.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this application, the actuating member further includes a piston portion extending from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing, for driving the fork to move.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, the transmission gear set includes a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear, wherein the number of teeth on the first transmission gear is greater than the number of teeth on the second transmission gear; the drive gear set includes a first drive gear and a second drive gear, wherein the number of teeth on the first drive gear is less than the number of teeth on the second drive gear; the first drive gear is located on the side of the second drive gear closer to the first transmission gear; the drive gear set is movable such that the first drive gear meshes with the first transmission gear, and the drive gear set is also movable such that the second drive gear meshes with the second transmission gear.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, a labyrinth sleeve is provided at the rotatable connection between the main shaft and the housing.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the machine tool body includes: a main base; a main worktable movably disposed on the main base along a first direction; two columns respectively disposed on both sides of the main base; a transverse base disposed on the top of the two columns; a transverse worktable movably disposed on the transverse base along a third direction; and a milling assembly movably disposed on the transverse worktable along a second direction; wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, the main base is provided with two sets of tracks extending along the first direction, and at least one set of tracks includes two guide rails extending along the first direction, with the two guide rails spaced apart in the third direction.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this application, each set of tracks includes two guide rails, and the two sets of tracks are symmetrically distributed.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, the bottom of the guide rail is provided with a supporting rib.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are: This application can switch the drive gear set with different transmission gears via a shifting mechanism, thereby adjusting the speed and torque to meet different processing requirements and improve equipment adaptability. By using a shifting mechanism to switch between gears with different gear ratios to drive milling cutters, the problems of single cutting parameters and poor equipment adaptability in traditional machining can be effectively solved, meeting different processing needs. It eliminates the need for frequent changes of power heads or cutters due to different process requirements, avoids excessive downtime, and improves the processing efficiency of gantry milling machines. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the gantry milling machine of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the milling assembly of the gantry milling machine of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An enlarged view of part A in the image. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not the entire structure. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0022] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the gantry milling machine of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the milling assembly of the gantry milling machine of this application; Figure 3yes Figure 2 An enlarged view of part A in the image.

[0024] One embodiment of this application provides a gantry milling machine 100. The gantry milling machine 100 includes a machine tool body 110 and a milling assembly 120. The milling assembly 120 is disposed in the machine tool body 110 and is used for milling workpieces carried by the machine tool. The milling assembly 120 includes a housing 121, a spindle 122, a transmission gear set 123, a drive gear set 124, a shifting mechanism 125, and a power component 126. The spindle 122 is rotatably disposed within the housing 121, and one end of the spindle 122 extends out of the housing 121 for mounting milling cutters. The transmission gear set 123 includes at least two transmission gears 1231, each transmission gear 1231 being coaxially fixed to the spindle 122, and each transmission gear 1231 having a different gear ratio. The drive gear set 124 includes at least two drive gears 1241, with each drive gear 1241 corresponding to a transmission gear 1231. Each drive gear 1241 is coaxially fixed and configured to slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 122, such that one drive gear 1241 meshes with its corresponding transmission gear 1231. A shifting mechanism 125 drives the drive gear set 124 to slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 122. A power component 126 drives the drive gear set 124 to rotate.

[0025] The milling assembly 120 can perform precise milling on a workpiece placed on the machine tool table through rotary and feed motions. The spindle 122 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 121, with one end extending outside the housing 121 to facilitate the mounting of various milling cutters, thereby enabling milling operations on the workpiece. A transmission gear set 123 is coaxially fixed to the spindle 122. The transmission gear set 123 can be directly coaxially fixed to the spindle 122, or it can be coaxially fixed to the spindle 122 through a synchronous rotation structure. The transmission gear set 123 consists of at least two transmission gears 1231 with different numbers of teeth to ensure that different transmission ratios can be provided to meet different machining requirements. The drive gear 1241 of the drive gear set 124 corresponds one-to-one with the transmission gear 1231. To achieve meshing between the drive gear 1241 and the transmission gear 1231 with different gear ratios, the drive gear 1241 is designed to slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 122. This allows for selective meshing of a specific drive gear 1241 with the corresponding transmission gear 1231 as needed. The shifting mechanism 125 controls the sliding movement of the drive gear set 124 along the axial direction of the main shaft 122 to achieve switching between different gear meshing. The power unit 126 provides rotational power to the drive gear set 124, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the entire milling assembly 120.

[0026] This application allows for switching the drive gear set 124 with different transmission gears 1231 via a shifting mechanism 125, thereby adjusting the speed and torque to meet different processing requirements and improve equipment adaptability. For example, during roughing, low speed and high torque are required to handle large cutting volumes. In this case, the shifting mechanism 125 can be used to switch the drive gear set 124 to mesh with a transmission gear 1231 with a larger transmission ratio, i.e., meshing with a transmission gear 1231 with more teeth. For example, during finishing, high speed and low torque are required to ensure surface finish. In this case, the shifting mechanism 125 can be used to switch the drive gear set 124 to mesh with a transmission gear 1231 with a smaller transmission ratio, i.e., meshing with a transmission gear 1231 with fewer teeth. For example, when machining hard materials, low speed and high torque are required to prevent tool chipping. In this case, the shifting mechanism 125 can be used to switch the drive gear set 124 to mesh with a transmission gear 1231 with a larger transmission ratio, i.e., meshing with a transmission gear 1231 with more teeth.

[0027] By using a shift mechanism 125 to switch gears with different gear ratios to drive milling cutters, the problems of single cutting parameters and poor equipment adaptability in traditional machining can be effectively solved, meeting different machining needs. It eliminates the need to frequently change the power head or cutter due to different process requirements, avoids excessive downtime, and improves the machining efficiency of the gantry milling machine 100.

[0028] Furthermore, by using different drive gears 1241 meshing with corresponding transmission gears 1231 to achieve gear shifting, rather than one drive gear 1241 meshing with different transmission gears 1231, the gear shifting process is smoother, reducing wear between gears and extending the service life of the equipment. This ensures more stable meshing between the drive gear 1241 and the transmission gear 1231, optimizes power transmission efficiency, reduces energy loss, and improves the overall performance of the gantry machine tool 100.

[0029] In some embodiments, the transmission gear set 123 includes a first transmission gear 1232 and a second transmission gear 1233, wherein the number of teeth on the first transmission gear 1232 is greater than the number of teeth on the second transmission gear 1233. The drive gear set 124 includes a first drive gear 1242 and a second drive gear 1243, wherein the number of teeth on the first drive gear 1242 is less than the number of teeth on the second drive gear 1243. The first drive gear 1242 is located on the side of the second drive gear 1243 closest to the first transmission gear 1232; the drive gear set 124 is movable such that the first drive gear 1242 meshes with the first transmission gear 1232, and the drive gear set 124 can also be moved such that the second drive gear 1243 meshes with the second transmission gear 1233.

[0030] When the drive gear set 124 moves to the point where the first drive gear 1242 meshes with the first transmission gear 1232, the number of teeth on the first drive gear 1242 is less than the number of teeth on the first transmission gear 1232, enabling low-speed, high-torque cutting operations. When the drive gear set 124 moves to the point where the second drive gear 1243 meshes with the second transmission gear 1233, the number of teeth on the second drive gear 1243 is greater than the number of teeth on the first transmission gear 1232, enabling high-speed, low-torque cutting operations. By designing the tooth ratio between the drive gear 1241 and the transmission gear 1231, the milling assembly 120 can achieve different transmission ratios, thereby enabling the gantry milling machine 100 to handle various complex machining tasks, improving work efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0031] In some embodiments, the shifting mechanism 125 includes a splined shaft 1251 and a toggle member 1252. The splined shaft 1251 is disposed within the housing 121. The splined shaft 1251 is arranged parallel to the main shaft 122, and a drive gear set 124 is axially slidably disposed on the splined shaft 1251. A power member 126 drives the splined shaft 1251 to rotate. The toggle member 1252 is configured to drive the drive gear set 124 to slide on the splined shaft 1251, and a transmission gear set 123 is rotatably connected to the toggle member 1252.

[0032] By setting the splined shaft 1251, the drive gear set 124 and the splined shaft 1251 are circumferentially limited and axially sliding relative to each other. When the power component 126 drives the splined shaft 1251 to rotate, the drive gear set 124 can rotate synchronously, and the actuating component 1252 can drive the drive gear set 124 to slide on the splined shaft 1251. By driving the drive gear set 124 to slide on the splined shaft 1251 through the actuating component 1252, different transmission gears 1231 can be switched to mesh with the corresponding drive gear 1241. The drive structure is compact, easy to operate, and can quickly respond to changes in processing requirements.

[0033] Furthermore, the actuating element 1252 includes a sliding sleeve 1253 and a shift fork 1254. The sliding sleeve 1253 is configured to slide along the axial direction of the spline shaft 1251 and is fixed coaxially with the drive gear set 124. The shift fork 1254 is forked on the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve 1253, and the sliding sleeve 1253 can rotate relative to the shift fork 1254. The shift fork 1254 can drive the sliding sleeve 1253 to slide on the spline shaft 1251.

[0034] The sliding sleeve 1253 is fixed relative to the drive gear set 124. The shift fork 1254 is forked outside the sliding sleeve 1253. The shift fork 1254 and the sliding sleeve 1253 maintain axial limitation and relative circumferential rotation. Therefore, the shift fork 1254 does not affect the rotation of the sliding sleeve 1253 and the drive gear set 124. The movement of the shift fork 1254 can drive the sliding sleeve 1253 and the drive gear set 124 synchronously, so that the drive gear set 124 can move to mesh with different transmission gears 1231 to realize gear shifting. When gear shifting is required, the axial force can be applied to the sliding sleeve 1253 by moving the drive shift fork 1254, causing the sliding sleeve 1253 to slide on the spline shaft 1251, thereby driving the drive gear set 124 to slide. Since the sliding sleeve 1253 and the drive gear set 124 are coaxially fixed, the drive gear set 124 will slide together with the sliding sleeve 1253. Meanwhile, the shift fork 1254 is positioned on the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve 1253, preventing the shift fork 1254 from disengaging from the sliding sleeve 1253 during rotation, thus ensuring the stability of the shifting process. The simple structure of the shifting element 1252 improves the accuracy and stability of shifting, further enhancing the overall performance of the gantry machine tool 100.

[0035] Furthermore, the actuating element 1252 also includes a piston portion 1255, which extends from the inside of the housing 121 to the outside of the housing 121, for driving the shift fork 1254 to move. The piston portion 1255 can be connected to the shift fork 1254 and is axially movably disposed in the housing 121 along the spline shaft 1251; or the piston portion 1255 can be connected to a hydraulic assembly, and internal pressure changes are achieved by injecting or withdrawing hydraulic oil, thereby driving the shift fork 1254 to move axially along the spline shaft 1251.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, one end of the piston portion 1255 is connected to the shift fork 1254, while the other end extends out of the housing 121. When an external force is applied to the end of the piston portion 1255 extending out of the housing 121, the piston portion 1255 moves within the housing 121, thereby driving the shift fork 1254 to move through the connection. This design makes gear shifting more convenient; the shift fork 1254 can be moved simply by externally operating the piston portion 1255, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 1253 and the drive gear set 124 to slide, completing the gear shifting action. The piston portion 1255 not only improves the flexibility of gear shifting but also helps maintain the smoothness of the gear shifting process, ensuring the normal operation of the gantry milling machine 100.

[0037] In another specific embodiment, the piston 1255 is connected to a hydraulic assembly to form a hydraulic transmission system. This system adjusts the internal pressure of the piston 1255 by controlling the injection or extraction of hydraulic oil, and further transmits this pressure to the shift fork 1254 via a mechanical connection, enabling the shift fork 1254 to move axially along the spline shaft 1251. This hydraulic transmission design improves the accuracy and automation of gear shifting, and also allows for rapid adjustment of the shifting force according to operational needs, enhancing the adaptability and operability of the gantry milling machine 100. Furthermore, the hydraulic transmission system possesses good stability and durability, maintaining the reliability and accuracy of the shifting function during long-term use.

[0038] In some embodiments, a labyrinth sleeve 127 is provided at the rotatable connection between the spindle 122 and the housing 121. The labyrinth sleeve 127 can provide a sealing and protective function for the interior of the housing 121 of the milling assembly 120. On the one hand, the labyrinth sleeve 127 prevents external impurities such as cutting fluid from entering and damaging the internal structure; on the other hand, it can also prevent internal lubricating oil leakage, thereby improving the lubrication between the gear components.

[0039] Specifically, the labyrinth sleeve 127, through its unique structure, such as multiple interlocking annular grooves or toothed structures, forms a series of barriers that prevent cutting fluid and impurities from entering. When the spindle 122 rotates, the cutting fluid and impurities are obstructed within the labyrinth sleeve 127 and forced to flow along complex paths, thereby reducing the possibility of entering the interior of the housing 121 through the connection between the spindle 122 and the housing 121, thus improving the reliability and durability of the gantry machine tool 100.

[0040] In some embodiments, the machine tool body 110 includes a main base 111, a main worktable 112, two columns 113, and a transverse base 114. The main worktable 112 is movably disposed on the main base 111 along a first direction. The two columns 113 are respectively disposed on both sides of the main base 111. The transverse base 114 is disposed on the top of the two columns 113. The transverse worktable 115 is movably disposed on the transverse base 114 along a third direction, and the milling assembly 120 is movably disposed on the transverse worktable 115 along a second direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular to each other.

[0041] Through the cooperation of the main base 111, main worktable 112, two columns 113, and transverse base 114 in the first, second, and third directions, the gantry milling machine 100 can perform precise cutting operations in three-dimensional space. The movable arrangement of the main worktable 112 on the main base 111 allows the workpiece to move and be adjusted in the first direction. The two columns 113 are firmly supported on both sides of the main base 111, providing a stable structural foundation. The transverse base 114 connects to the top of the two columns 113, providing additional support for the milling assembly 120 and ensuring its stable movement in the third direction. The milling assembly 120 is mounted on the transverse worktable 115 and can move with the transverse worktable 115 in the third direction, thus achieving precise cutting in three-dimensional space. The milling assembly 120 can also be fed relative to the transverse worktable 115 in the second direction. This multi-directional movable arrangement not only improves the accuracy and flexibility of the cutting operation but also greatly enhances the machining capacity and applicability of the gantry milling machine 100.

[0042] Furthermore, the main base 111 is provided with two sets of tracks 116 extending along the first direction. At least one set of tracks 116 includes two guide rails 117 extending along the first direction, with the two guide rails 117 spaced apart in the third direction. The two tracks 116 enhance the stability of the main worktable 112 moving in the first direction and also ensure its smoothness and accuracy during movement. One set of tracks 116 includes two guide rails 117 extending along the first direction, with the two guide rails 117 arranged in parallel. By increasing the number of guide rails 117 in each set of tracks 116, the running stability of the main worktable 112 on the main base 111 can be further improved, and in conjunction with the milling assembly 120, the processing efficiency of the gantry milling machine 100 can be further improved.

[0043] Specifically, each set of tracks 116 includes two guide rails 117, and the two sets of tracks 116 are symmetrically distributed. This symmetrical track design further enhances the structural stability and operational balance of the gantry milling machine 100. The symmetrical spacing of the four guide rails 117 in the third direction not only provides sufficient support area and reduces the swaying of the main worktable 112 during movement, but also enables the machine tool to withstand greater cutting forces and loads. Furthermore, the symmetrical track distribution helps to evenly distribute vibrations and stresses during machine operation, extending the machine tool's service life.

[0044] Specifically, a support rib 118 is provided at the bottom of the guide rail 117. The support rib 118 enhances the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the guide rail 117, further ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the main worktable 112's movement on the track 116. The support rib 118 also optimizes the stress structure of the guide rail 117, enabling it to maintain excellent stability and durability even under complex working conditions such as heavy loads or high-speed cutting. At the same time, the support rib 118 also helps improve the overall vibration resistance of the gantry machine tool 100, reducing errors caused by vibration and improving machining accuracy and workpiece quality.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that the components must be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. Similarly, the terms "parallel" and "perpendicular" do not imply that the components are absolutely parallel or perpendicular, but rather that they can have a certain angular deviation. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. In addition, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that are commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0046] It is understood that in this document, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "and / or" merely describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0047] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A gantry milling machine, characterized in that, The machine tool includes a main body and a milling assembly, wherein the milling assembly is disposed on the main body; the milling assembly includes: case; The spindle is rotatably mounted inside the housing, with one end of the spindle extending out of the housing for mounting milling tools; A transmission gear set includes at least two transmission gears, each of which is coaxially fixed to the main shaft, and each of the transmission gears has a different number of teeth; A drive gear set includes at least two drive gears, wherein the drive gears and the transmission gears are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. Each drive gear is coaxially fixed and configured to slide along the axial direction of the main shaft, so that one of the drive gears meshes with the corresponding transmission gear. The shifting mechanism drives the drive gear set to slide axially along the main shaft. The power component drives the drive gear set to rotate.

2. The gantry milling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shifting mechanism includes: A splined shaft is disposed within the housing and is arranged parallel to the main shaft; a drive gear set is slidably disposed on the splined shaft along the axial direction of the splined shaft, and a power component drives the splined shaft to rotate; The actuating element is configured to drive the drive gear set to slide on the spline shaft, and the transmission gear set is rotatably connected to the actuating element.

3. The gantry milling machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The actuating element includes: A sliding sleeve is configured to slide along the spline shaft axially and be fixed coaxially with the drive gear set. A shift fork is provided on the outer periphery of the sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve can rotate relative to the shift fork, and the shift fork can drive the sliding sleeve to slide on the spline shaft.

4. The gantry milling machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The actuating element also includes: The piston extends from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing and is used to drive the shift fork to move.

5. The gantry milling machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission gear set includes a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear, wherein the number of teeth on the first transmission gear is greater than the number of teeth on the second transmission gear. The drive gear set includes a first drive gear and a second drive gear, wherein the number of teeth on the first drive gear is less than the number of teeth on the second drive gear, and the first drive gear is located on the side of the second drive gear closer to the first transmission gear. The drive gear set can be moved to engage the first drive gear with the first transmission gear, and the drive gear set can also be moved to engage the second drive gear with the second transmission gear.

6. The gantry milling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A labyrinth sleeve is provided at the rotatable connection between the main shaft and the housing.

7. The gantry milling machine as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The machine tool body includes: Main base; The main workbench is movably mounted on the main base along the first direction; Two uprights are respectively located on both sides of the main base; A horizontal base is provided on top of the two columns; A transverse worktable is movably disposed on the transverse base along a third direction, and the milling assembly is movably disposed on the transverse worktable along a second direction; wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular.

8. The gantry milling machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The main base is provided with two sets of tracks extending along the first direction, and at least one set of tracks includes two guide rails extending along the first direction, with the two guide rails spaced apart in the third direction.

9. The gantry milling machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Each set of tracks includes two guide rails, and the two sets of tracks are symmetrically distributed.

10. The gantry milling machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the guide rail is provided with a supporting rib plate.

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