A device for observing the dynamic of groundwater level in a shallow mountainous area

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of shallow mountain area underground water level dynamic observation devices, including observation well, the inner side wall top of observation well is fixedly connected with annular frame, the upper surface of annular frame is equipped with multiple clamping grooves, the inner side wall of multiple clamping grooves is attached with support frame.Connecting with annular frame and support frame fixed, reduce vibration influence, solve sensor easy to damage, short life problem;Utilize bidirectional synchronous motor drive winding drum to receive and release total wire, combined with access door, it is convenient for sensor maintenance replacement, reduce cost;Through water level sensor, data acquisition and wireless transmission module, realize real-time continuous monitoring, microprocessor can automatically adjust sensor depth, without manual operation;Solar panel and battery cooperation adjustable support, guarantee stable operation when no external power supply, meet the demand of shallow mountain area dynamic observation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of groundwater level observation technology, specifically a dynamic groundwater level observation device for shallow mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Groundwater level monitoring is a fundamental task in water resource development and utilization, ecological environment protection, and geological disaster early warning. By monitoring the patterns of groundwater level changes, we can promptly grasp the dynamics of groundwater reserves, assess water resource carrying capacity, and provide key data for regional hydrological cycle research. As a transitional zone connecting mountains and plains, the groundwater level in shallow mountainous areas is not only affected by natural factors such as precipitation and vegetation transpiration, but also closely related to human activities and geological structures. Accurately grasping the dynamics of groundwater levels in this region is of particular significance for ensuring the ecological stability of mountainous areas and preventing geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows.

[0003] The sensors of existing groundwater level monitoring devices are easily damaged in the harsh natural environment of shallow mountainous areas, have a short service life, and are inconvenient to repair or replace after damage, which increases the monitoring cost. In addition, traditional monitoring devices mostly rely on manual operation, which cannot achieve real-time and continuous monitoring and cannot meet the need for timely understanding of the dynamic changes of groundwater level in shallow mountainous areas. Therefore, a dynamic groundwater level monitoring device for shallow mountainous areas is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic groundwater level monitoring device for shallow mountainous areas, in order to solve one of the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This utility model is implemented by the following technical solution: a dynamic groundwater level monitoring device in shallow mountainous areas, including an observation well, an annular frame fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the observation well, multiple slots opened on the upper surface of the annular frame, a support frame attached to the inner wall of the multiple slots, a protective sleeve fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support frame, a well cover fixedly connected to the top of the annular frame by multiple first bolts, an equipment box fixedly connected to the upper surface of the well cover by second bolts, a U-shaped frame fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner rear wall of the equipment box, a winding drum penetrating through the front part of one side of the U-shaped frame, a main conductor fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the winding drum, a water level sensor fixedly connected to the end of the main conductor away from the winding drum, the top of the protective sleeve penetrating through the center of the bottom of the well cover and the equipment box, and the water level sensor located inside the protective sleeve.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: a partition is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side wall of the equipment box, and a bidirectional synchronous motor is fixedly connected to the rear of the lower surface of the partition. Both output ends of the bidirectional synchronous motor are fixedly connected to a drive gear through an output shaft. Both sides of the outer side wall of the winding drum are fixedly connected to a driven gear disk, and the outer side wall of the drive gear is meshed with the outer side wall of the driven gear disk.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: Two branch conductors run through the interior of the main conductor. One end of each branch conductor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the water level sensor. Insulating sleeves are fixedly connected to both ends of the inner wall of the winding drum. Connectors are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two insulating sleeves. The other ends of the two branch conductors are electrically connected to the ends of the two connectors that are close to each other. Support columns are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the two insulating sleeves that are far apart. The ends of the two support columns that are far apart are fixedly connected to both sides of the equipment box. The center of the side where the two support columns are close together... Each of the two connection holes has a connecting hole, and the inner sidewalls of the two connection holes are slidably connected to a terminal block. The ends of the two terminal blocks that are close to each other are respectively attached to the ends of the two connectors that are far apart. The ends of the two terminal blocks that are far apart are each fixedly connected to a spring. The ends of the two springs that are far apart are respectively fixedly connected to the inner sidewalls of the two connection holes that are far apart. The upper part of the inner rear wall of the equipment box is equipped with a data acquisition module, a microprocessor module and a wireless transmission module through a mounting bracket. The ends of the two terminal blocks that are far apart are each electrically connected to the input terminal of the data acquisition module through a connecting wire.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: the inner wall of the protective sleeve is provided with multiple water-permeable holes, and the outer wall of the protective sleeve is fitted with a nylon filter screen.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: a solar panel is fixedly connected to the top of the equipment box via an adjustable bracket, and a storage battery is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the partition.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: a positioning frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the center of the inner bottom wall of the equipment box, and guide wheels are rotatably connected to the front and rear parts of the inner side wall of the positioning frame through a rotating shaft. A guide groove is opened in the middle of the outer side wall of the guide wheel, and the outer side wall of the main conductor is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the guide groove.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: a sealing gasket is provided on the side of the equipment box and the manhole cover that are close to each other.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: the front surface of the equipment box is provided with an inspection door.

[0013] Advantages of this utility model:

[0014] 1. This utility model, by setting a protective sleeve and an outer nylon filter screen and an inner water-permeable hole, can filter out mud and sand impurities to prevent sensor clogging, and ensure that the water level inside and outside the sleeve is consistent to ensure measurement accuracy. At the same time, the protective sleeve is stably fixed to the support frame through a ring frame, reducing the impact of terrain vibration, and solving the problems of sensor being easily damaged and having a short service life in harsh environments.

[0015] 2. This utility model uses a bidirectional synchronous motor to drive a winding drum to reel in and unwind the main conductor, which can conveniently retrieve the water level sensor into the equipment box. Combined with the maintenance door, it reduces the difficulty of sensor maintenance and replacement and reduces observation costs.

[0016] 3. This utility model achieves real-time continuous monitoring and remote transmission of groundwater levels through the cooperation of a water level sensor, a data acquisition module, a microprocessor module, and a wireless transmission module. Furthermore, the microprocessor can automatically control the motor to adjust the sensor depth without manual operation, thus meeting the need for timely understanding of dynamic changes in groundwater levels and ensuring the continuity of monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the annular frame and protective sleeve structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the equipment box of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the equipment box of this utility model from another perspective;

[0023] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of area A;

[0024] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of region B.

[0025] In the diagram: 11. Observation well; 12. Annular frame; 13. Slot; 14. Support frame; 15. Protective sleeve; 16. First bolt; 17. Well cover; 18. Second bolt; 19. Equipment box; 20. U-shaped frame; 21. Cable reel; 22. Main conductor; 23. Water level sensor; 24. Partition plate; 25. Bidirectional synchronous motor; 26. Output shaft; 27. Drive gear; 28. Moving gear disc; 29. ​​Branch conductor; 30. Insulating sleeve; 31. 32. Connector; 33. Support column; 34. Connecting hole; 35. Terminal block; 36. Spring; 37. Mounting bracket; 38. Data acquisition module; 39. Microprocessor module; 40. Wireless transmission module; 41. Connecting cable; 42. Water permeable hole; 43. Nylon filter screen; 44. Adjustable bracket; 45. Solar panel; 46. Battery; 47. Positioning frame; 48. Rotating shaft; 49. Guide wheel; 50. Guide groove; 51. Sealing gasket; 52. Inspection door. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Example

[0028] Please see Figures 1-7 This utility model provides a technical solution: a dynamic groundwater level monitoring device for shallow mountainous areas, including an observation well 11. A ring frame 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the observation well 11. Multiple slots 13 are formed on the upper surface of the ring frame 12. A support frame 14 is fitted to the inner wall of the multiple slots 13. A protective sleeve 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support frame 14. A well cover 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the ring frame 12 by multiple first bolts 16. An equipment box 19 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the well cover 17 by second bolts 18. A U-shaped frame 20 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner rear wall of the 19. A winding drum 21 passes through the front part of one side of the U-shaped frame 20. A main wire 22 is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the winding drum 21. A water level sensor 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the main wire 22 away from the winding drum 21. The top of the protective sleeve 15 passes through the center of the bottom of the well cover 17 and the equipment box 19. The water level sensor 23 is located inside the protective sleeve 15. The protective sleeve 15 is vertically fixed by the ring frame 12 and the support frame 14 to prevent the protective sleeve 15 from tilting due to the vibration of the shallow mountain terrain.

[0029] In this embodiment, specifically: a partition 24 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side wall of the equipment box 19, a bidirectional synchronous motor 25 is fixedly connected to the rear of the lower surface of the partition 24, and a drive gear 27 is fixedly connected to both output ends of the bidirectional synchronous motor 25 through an output shaft 26. A driven gear disk 28 is fixedly connected to both sides of the outer side wall of the winding drum 21, and the outer side wall of the drive gear 27 is meshed with the outer side wall of the driven gear disk 28.

[0030] In this embodiment, specifically: two branch wires 29 pass through the interior of the main conductor 22. One end of each branch wire 29 is electrically connected to the output end of the water level sensor 23. Insulating sleeves 30 are fixedly connected to both ends of the inner wall of the winding drum 21. Connectors 31 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two insulating sleeves 30. The other ends of the two branch wires 29 are electrically connected to the adjacent ends of the two connectors 31. Support columns 32 are rotatably connected to the opposite ends of the outer walls of the two insulating sleeves 30. The opposite ends of the two support columns 32 are fixedly connected to both sides of the equipment box 19. A connecting hole 33 is opened at the center of the adjacent side of the two support columns 32. The inner walls of the two connecting holes 33 are slidable. The device is connected by terminals 34. The ends of the two terminals 34 that are close to each other are respectively attached to the ends of the two connectors 31 that are far apart. The ends of the two terminals 34 that are far apart are fixedly connected to springs 35. The ends of the two springs 35 that are far apart are respectively fixedly connected to the inner sidewalls of the two connecting holes 33 that are far apart. The upper part of the inner rear wall of the device box 19 is equipped with a data acquisition module 37, a microprocessor module 38 and a wireless transmission module 39 by means of a mounting bracket 36. The ends of the two terminals 34 that are far apart are electrically connected to the input terminal of the data acquisition module 37 by means of a connecting wire 40. The insulating sleeve 30 isolates the conductive contact between the connector 31 and the winding drum 21, thereby preventing short circuit.

[0031] In this embodiment, specifically: the inner wall of the protective sleeve 15 is provided with multiple water-permeable holes 41, and the outer wall of the protective sleeve 15 is fitted with a nylon filter screen 42. By wrapping the outer wall of the protective sleeve 15 with a 300-mesh nylon filter screen 42, silt and sand are prevented from entering the protective sleeve 15 and clogging the water level sensor 23. At the same time, the water level inside and outside the protective sleeve 15 is consistent, ensuring that the water level sensor 23 measures the true groundwater level.

[0032] In this embodiment, specifically: a solar panel 44 is fixedly connected to the top of the equipment box 19 via an adjustable bracket 43, and a storage battery 45 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the partition 24. The solar panel 44 continuously generates electricity during the day, and excess energy is stored in the storage battery 45. At night or in rainy weather, the storage battery 45 automatically supplies power to each component (designed to meet the requirements of 7 days without sunlight), ensuring uninterrupted monitoring.

[0033] In this embodiment, specifically: a positioning frame 46 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the center of the inner bottom wall of the equipment box 19. The front and rear parts of the inner sidewall of the positioning frame 46 are rotatably connected to guide wheels 48 through a rotating shaft 47. A guide groove 49 is opened in the middle of the outer sidewall of the guide wheel 48. The outer sidewall of the main wire 22 is rotatably connected to the inner sidewall of the guide groove 49. The guide wheel 48 and the guide groove 49 limit and guide the main wire 22, thereby ensuring that the water level sensor 23 is always located on the central axis inside the protective sleeve 15.

[0034] In this embodiment, specifically: a sealing gasket 50 is provided on the side of the equipment box 19 and the well cover 17 that are close to each other. Through the sealing gasket 50 between the equipment box 19 and the well cover 17 and the bolt connection between the well cover 17 and the annular frame 12, rainwater and debris are jointly prevented from entering the observation well 11 and the protective sleeve 15.

[0035] In this embodiment, specifically: the front surface of the equipment box 19 is provided with an inspection door 51, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the equipment inside the equipment box 19 by opening the inspection door 51.

[0036] In terms of working principle or structural principle, after the device is installed, initial debugging is first performed through the inspection door 51 on the front surface of the equipment box 19. The bidirectional synchronous motor 25 is started, and its output shaft 26 drives the drive gear 27 to rotate. The drive gear 27 meshes with the driven gear discs 28 on both sides of the winding drum 21, driving the winding drum 21 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. When the winding drum 21 rotates, the main wire 22 on the outer wall is wound up and down, causing the water level sensor 23 at the end to move up and down within the protective sleeve 15. At this time, the positioning frame 46 on the bottom wall of the equipment box 19, connected to the guide wheel 48 via the rotating shaft 47, plays its role—the main wire 22 is embedded in the guide groove 49 of the guide wheel 48, ensuring that the main wire 22 does not deviate or become tangled during winding and unwinding, and stably driving the water level sensor 23 to a depth adapted to the initial groundwater level (the initial position parameters are preset by the microprocessor module 38). The two wires 29 inside the main wire 22 are respectively connected to the signals of the water level sensor 23. The output end connects to the inner wall of the winding drum 21 via a connector 31. The connector 31 is fixed to both ends of the winding drum 21 by an insulating sleeve 30 (the insulating sleeve 30 prevents the circuit from being connected to the winding drum 21). Under the elastic force of the spring 35, the terminal 34 inside the support column 32 is always tightly fitted to the connector 31 to ensure circuit continuity. At this time, the electrical signal of the water level sensor 23 can be transmitted to the data acquisition module 37 sequentially through the branch wire 29, connector 31, terminal 34, and connecting wire 40 to complete the circuit continuity test. The solar panel 44 on the top of the equipment box 19 is adjusted to the optimal light-receiving angle by the adjustable bracket 43 to convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery 45 on the partition 24. The battery 45 supplies power to the bidirectional synchronous motor 25, data acquisition module 37, microprocessor module 38, wireless transmission module 39, and water level sensor 23, ensuring that all components are powered on and ready. After the device enters a stable operating state, the core performs dynamic monitoring of the groundwater level, and the specific process is as follows:

[0037] The nylon filter screen 42 on the outside of the protective sleeve 15 filters out silt and impurities from the groundwater, preventing them from entering the sleeve. The permeable holes 41 on the inner wall ensure consistent water levels inside and outside the protective sleeve 15, allowing the water level sensor 23 to directly contact the actual groundwater level. The water level sensor 23 (e.g., a pressure sensor) collects water level and pressure signals in real time and converts them into electrical signals. The electrical signals are transmitted via the branch conductor 29 to the connector 31 of the reel 21, and then via the terminal block 34 and connecting wire 40 to the data acquisition module 37. The data acquisition module 37 filters and amplifies the original electrical signals to eliminate environmental interference (such as vibration and temperature fluctuations) in the shallow mountainous area. The signal noise is eliminated; the pre-processed signal by the data acquisition module 37 is transmitted to the microprocessor module 38. The microprocessor module 38 converts the pressure signal into specific water level data according to a preset algorithm (such as the pressure-water level conversion formula), and records the acquisition timestamp to form structured data (including water level value, acquisition time, equipment status, etc.). The microprocessor module 38 sends the structured data to the wireless transmission module 39 (supporting NB-IoT / LoRa and other communication modes adapted to shallow mountainous areas). The wireless transmission module 39 uploads the data to the remote monitoring center in real time through the wireless network, enabling managers to remotely monitor the dynamics of the groundwater level in real time.

[0038] When the groundwater level rises or falls due to factors such as precipitation and evaporation, the device can automatically adjust the depth of the water level sensor 23. The specific process is as follows:

[0039] The microprocessor module 38 identifies whether the water level is continuously rising or falling (e.g., the water level change exceeds a preset threshold within 24 hours) by continuously collecting water level data. The microprocessor module 38 sends control commands to the bidirectional synchronous motor 25 to drive it to rotate forward or in reverse. If the water level rises, the motor drives the reel 21 to take in the line, the main conductor 22 shortens, and the water level sensor 23 moves upward to stay within the water level monitoring range. If the water level falls, the motor drives the reel 21 to unload the line, the main conductor 22 extends, and the water level sensor 23 moves downward to the new water level surface. During the adjustment process, the guide wheel 48 always constrains the main conductor 22 to move along the guide groove 49 to avoid conductor wear or jamming.

[0040] When the equipment needs to be repaired or calibrated, the maintenance door 51 of the equipment box 19 can be opened to directly check the battery power 45 and the status of each module indicator light. If the water level sensor 23 needs to be replaced, the main wire 22 can be retrieved by the bidirectional synchronous motor 25 to bring the sensor back to the bottom of the equipment box 19 for disassembly and replacement.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dynamic groundwater level monitoring device for shallow mountainous areas, characterized in that, The system includes an observation well (11), with an annular frame (12) fixedly connected to the top of its inner wall. Multiple slots (13) are provided on the upper surface of the annular frame (12). A support frame (14) is fitted to the inner wall of each slot (13). A protective sleeve (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support frame (14). A well cover (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the annular frame (12) via multiple first bolts (16). Equipment is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the well cover (17) via second bolts (18). The equipment box (19) has a U-shaped frame (20) fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner rear wall. A winding drum (21) passes through the front part of one side of the U-shaped frame (20). A main wire (22) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the outer side wall of the winding drum (21). A water level sensor (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the main wire (22) away from the winding drum (21). The top of the protective sleeve (15) passes through the center of the bottom of the well cover (17) and the equipment box (19). The water level sensor (23) is located inside the protective sleeve (15).

2. The groundwater level dynamic monitoring device in shallow mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A partition (24) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side wall of the equipment box (19). A bidirectional synchronous motor (25) is fixedly connected to the rear of the lower surface of the partition (24). Both output ends of the bidirectional synchronous motor (25) are fixedly connected to a drive gear (27) through an output shaft (26). Both sides of the outer side wall of the winding drum (21) are fixedly connected to a driven gear disk (28). The outer side wall of the drive gear (27) is meshed with the outer side wall of the driven gear disk (28).

3. The groundwater level dynamic monitoring device in shallow mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two branch conductors (29) run through the inside of the main conductor (22). One end of each branch conductor (29) is electrically connected to the output end of the water level sensor (23). Insulating sleeves (30) are fixedly connected to both ends of the inner wall of the winding drum (21). Connectors (31) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two insulating sleeves (30). The other ends of the two branch conductors (29) are electrically connected to the ends of the two connectors (31) that are close to each other. Support columns (32) are rotatably connected to the outer walls of the two insulating sleeves (30) that are far apart. The ends of the two support columns (32) that are far apart are fixedly connected to both sides of the equipment box (19). A connection hole (33) is opened at the center of the side of the two support columns (32) that are close to each other. The inner walls of the two connecting holes (33) are slidably connected with terminals (34). The ends of the two terminals (34) that are close to each other are respectively attached to the ends of the two connectors (31) that are far apart. The ends of the two terminals (34) that are far apart are fixedly connected with springs (35). The ends of the two springs (35) that are far apart are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two connecting holes (33) that are far apart. The upper part of the inner rear wall of the equipment box (19) is equipped with a data acquisition module (37), a microprocessor module (38) and a wireless transmission module (39) through a mounting bracket (36). The ends of the two terminals (34) that are far apart are electrically connected to the input end of the data acquisition module (37) through a connecting wire (40).

4. The groundwater level dynamic monitoring device in shallow mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the protective sleeve (15) is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes (41), and the outer wall of the protective sleeve (15) is provided with a nylon filter screen (42).

5. The groundwater level dynamic monitoring device in shallow mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, A solar panel (44) is fixedly connected to the top of the equipment box (19) via an adjustable bracket (43), and a storage battery (45) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the partition (24).

6. The groundwater level dynamic monitoring device in shallow mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning frame (46) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the center of the inner bottom wall of the equipment box (19). The front and rear sides of the inner sidewall of the positioning frame (46) are rotatably connected to guide wheels (48) via a rotating shaft (47). A guide groove (49) is provided in the middle of the outer sidewall of the guide wheel (48). The outer sidewall of the main conductor (22) is rotatably connected to the inner sidewall of the guide groove (49).

7. The groundwater level dynamic monitoring device in shallow mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing gasket (50) is provided on the side of the equipment box (19) and the manhole cover (17) that are close to each other.

8. The groundwater level dynamic monitoring device in shallow mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front surface of the equipment box (19) is provided with an inspection door (51).

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