A sunlight greenhouse shed surface structure with adjustable light angle

Abstract

The utility model provides a light angle adjustable sunlight greenhouse shed structure belongs to the technical field of facility agriculture equipment, including front swing lever, connecting rod, rear swing lever, front shed beam, rear shed beam, first gear assembly, second gear assembly, first drive rack, second drive rack, first power axle and second power axle, one end of front swing lever is hinged in the top of light vertical surface, and the other end is hinged and is connected with front shed beam, one end of rear swing lever is hinged in the top of heat preservation wall surface, and the other end is hinged and is connected with rear shed beam, and the both ends of connecting rod are hinged on front shed beam and rear shed beam respectively, first gear assembly and second gear assembly are coaxial and are connected on first power axle and second power axle respectively, and first drive rack and second drive rack are respectively matched with the device in first gear assembly and second gear, and the upper end of first drive rack is hinged on front shed beam, and second drive rack is hinged on rear shed beam, and the popular application can optimize the adjustment function and use efficiency of sunlight greenhouse shed light angle, satisfies the agricultural production demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of facility agriculture equipment technology, specifically to a solar greenhouse roof structure with adjustable light-receiving angle. Background Technology

[0002] Solar greenhouses are agricultural protected production facilities that have been increasingly widely promoted and applied in agricultural production. Traditional solar greenhouses are all fixed-frame, sealed, and insulated structures. The greenhouse roof, the front light-receiving surface, and the rear insulation wall are integrated into one construction. The light-receiving angle of the greenhouse roof is fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the seasonal changes in the solar altitude angle. Therefore, the greenhouse roof cannot optimize the light-receiving angle relative to the solar altitude angle, which means that traditional solar greenhouses cannot fully absorb sunlight to carry out photothermal conversion, resulting in relatively low solar energy conversion and utilization efficiency. To improve the functional structure of traditional solar greenhouses, utility model patent CN219812668U discloses "a solar greenhouse with an adjustable light-receiving angle." This technical solution uses an integral greenhouse roof structure hinged to the base structure. The light-receiving angle is adjusted and optimized by rotating the greenhouse roof relative to the base structure. However, it is obvious that this integral structure, with the greenhouse roof hinged to the base structure, inevitably increases the difficulty of building the solar greenhouse, increases construction costs, and consequently increases agricultural production inputs. Furthermore, due to its heavy weight, the rotation function requires electric power, necessitating a linked power drive system. This not only makes the system complex but also generates significant power consumption during rotation. Therefore, the application of this technical solution in agricultural production is greatly limited, except as a means of renovating old greenhouses. Therefore, it is necessary to research and improve the structure of solar greenhouse roofs with adjustable light-receiving angles, optimize the adjustment function of the greenhouse roof's light-receiving angle, and improve the stability, reliability, and convenience of the adjustment. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a greenhouse roof structure with adjustable light-receiving angle, which can be applied to the structural construction of greenhouses to optimize the adjustment function and efficiency of the greenhouse roof's light-receiving angle, and better meet the needs of agricultural production.

[0004] An adjustable-angle solar greenhouse roof structure includes: a front swing rod, a connecting rod, a rear swing rod, a front roof beam, a rear roof beam, a first gear assembly, a second gear assembly, a first transmission rack, a second transmission rack, a first drive shaft, and a second drive shaft. The front swing rod, the connecting rod, and the rear swing rod are all standard structural components, arranged horizontally on the upper end of the greenhouse structural frame and parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse structural frame. The front roof beam and the rear roof beam are both straight structural beams, arranged longitudinally on the upper end of the greenhouse structural frame. One end of each front swing rod is hinged to the greenhouse structural frame. The top end of the light-transmitting facade of the frame is hinged to the front shed beam, and the front swing rods form the light-transmitting canopy of the greenhouse, which is covered with a light-transmitting film. One end of the rear swing rod is hinged to the top of the insulated wall of the greenhouse frame, and the other end is hinged to the rear shed beam. The rear swing rods form the insulated canopy of the greenhouse, which is covered with an insulation layer. The two ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the front and rear shed beams, respectively. The connecting rods form the intermediate transition canopy of the greenhouse. The greenhouse roof is also covered with the light-transmitting film. The first and second power shafts are respectively supported by bearing seats and installed on the greenhouse structure frame. The first gear assembly and the second gear assembly are respectively coaxially fixedly connected to the first and second power shafts. The first and second power shafts can respectively drive the gears in the first gear assembly and the second gear set to rotate. The first gear assembly and the second gear set are respectively equipped with the first transmission rack and the second transmission rack. The first transmission rack and the second transmission rack are respectively connected to the gears in the first gear assembly and the second gear set to form a transmission engagement. The upper end of the first transmission rack is hinged to the front roof beam, and the upper end of the second transmission rack is hinged to the rear roof beam. The corresponding engagement of the first transmission rack and the second transmission rack can balance and support the overall roof of the greenhouse, so that the light-transmitting roof, the heat-insulating roof, and the intermediate transition roof combine to form a structurally stable greenhouse roof structure. Furthermore, the light-transmitting angle of the greenhouse roof structure can be adjusted by dynamically adjusting the engagement state of the first transmission rack and the second transmission rack.

[0005] The adjustable light-transmitting greenhouse roof structure further includes: an insulating cover, the upper edge of which is fixedly connected to the rear roof beam, so that when emitting light, the insulating cover can be selectively rolled up only to the front roof beam or completely rolled up to the rear roof beam, respectively, to allow light to pass through in the manner of opening the light-transmitting facade and the light-transmitting roof, or opening the light-transmitting facade, the light-transmitting roof, and the intermediate transition roof. When emitting heat, it can completely cover the light-transmitting facade, the light-transmitting roof, and the intermediate transition roof.

[0006] The aforementioned greenhouse roof structure with adjustable light-transmitting angle preferably includes a foldable inner shading and insulation layer on the inner side of the intermediate transition roof. When unfolded, the inner shading and insulation layer can completely cover the intermediate transition roof from the inside, providing shading and insulation to the intermediate transition roof. This compensates for the insufficient insulation effect when using the insulation covering alone to cover the intermediate transition roof during daytime insulation. When folded, it can be stored on the connection side between the intermediate transition roof and the insulation roof, allowing the intermediate transition roof to maintain its light-transmitting function.

[0007] The adjustable light-transmitting greenhouse roof structure preferably has a first turbine reducer and a second turbine reducer installed on the first power shaft and the second power shaft, respectively. The first turbine reducer and the second turbine reducer are fixedly connected to the greenhouse structure frame and are respectively equipped with a first differential pulley system and a second differential pulley system. The first differential pulley system and the second differential pulley system can be used to manually drive the first power shaft and the second power shaft to rotate, thereby driving the gears in the first gear assembly and the second gear assembly to rotate.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that it provides a greenhouse roof structure with adjustable light-receiving angle. It utilizes standard components such as front swing rods, connecting rods, and rear swing rods to form a coordinatingly deformable greenhouse roof. A gear and rack transmission structure is used to regulate the structural state of the greenhouse roof, enabling dynamic and continuous adjustment of the light-receiving angle. During the adjustment process, the function of the transition roof can be changed according to the spatial orientation of the transition roof relative to the sunlight. When the solar altitude angle is low, it can act as an insulation roof, improving the greenhouse's insulation performance; when the solar altitude angle is high, it can be opened to allow light in, increasing... The large solar greenhouse roof increases the light-receiving area, improving solar energy absorption and photothermal conversion efficiency. In production applications, it not only optimizes the light-receiving angle of the greenhouse roof according to the seasonal and diurnal variations of the solar altitude angle, enhancing the production and use functions of the solar greenhouse and better meeting agricultural production needs, but also, compared to the existing technology of overall roof rotation, the standardized component coordinated linkage method for adjusting the light-receiving angle of the greenhouse roof has superior efficiency and reliability. At the same time, the standardized component combination structure is also conducive to the standardization and normalization of the solar greenhouse construction process, effectively reducing construction and operating costs and saving agricultural production inputs. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a solar greenhouse with an adjustable light-receiving angle under the lowest light-receiving angle condition.

[0010] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Partial sectional view of section AA in the middle.

[0011] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a solar greenhouse with an adjustable light-receiving angle under the highest light-receiving angle condition.

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal structure of a solar greenhouse with an adjustable light-receiving angle roof under the highest light-receiving angle condition.

[0013] Wherein: 1 is the front swing arm, 2 is the connecting rod, 3 is the rear swing arm, 4 is the front canopy beam, 5 is the rear canopy beam, 6 is the first gear assembly, 7 is the second gear assembly, 8 is the first transmission rack, 9 is the second transmission rack, 10 is the greenhouse structural frame, 11 is the first power shaft, 12 is the second power shaft, 13 is the inner shading insulation layer, 14 is the insulation covering, 15 is the first differential pulley system, 16 is the second differential pulley system, 17 is the bearing seat, 18 is the insulation covering, 19 is the hand-controlled chain, 20 is the load-bearing structural beam, 21 is the insulation wall surface, 22 is the first worm gear reducer, and 23 is the second worm gear reducer. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Furthermore, the technical solution for which protection is sought in this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0015] A type of solar greenhouse with an adjustable light-transmitting roof, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it consists of a front shed beam 4, a rear shed beam 5, a first gear assembly 6, a second gear assembly 7, a first transmission rack 8, a second transmission rack 9, a greenhouse structural frame 10, a first power shaft 11, a second power shaft 12, an inner shading and insulation layer 13, an insulation covering 14, a first differential pulley system 15, a second differential pulley system 16, a first worm gear reducer 22, a second worm gear reducer 23, a light-transmitting shed surface, an insulation shed surface, and an intermediate transition shed surface.

[0016] The greenhouse frame 10 is the main structure of the solar greenhouse, including a light-transmitting facade covered with a light-transmitting film and an insulated wall 21. The light-transmitting facade is formed by assembling front swing rods 1, with both ends of the front swing rods 1 hinged to the top of the light-transmitting facade and the front beam 4, respectively. The insulated facade is formed by assembling rear swing rods 3, with both ends of the rear swing rods 3 hinged to the top of the insulated wall and the rear beam 5, respectively. The intermediate transition facade is formed by assembling connecting rods 2, with both ends of the connecting rods 2 hinged to the front beam 4 and the rear beam 5, respectively. The surface is covered with a continuously spread light-transmitting film. A foldable inner shading and insulation layer 13 is simultaneously provided on the inner side of the intermediate transition canopy surface. The inner shading layer 13 can be unfolded to provide shading and insulation for the intermediate transition canopy surface, and can be folded to open the intermediate transition canopy surface. An insulation covering layer 18 is installed on the insulation surface. The first power shaft 11 and the second power shaft 12 are respectively supported by bearing seats 17 and correspondingly mounted on the greenhouse structure frame 10. The first gear assembly 6 and the second gear assembly 7 are coaxially fixedly connected to the first power shaft 11 and the second power shaft 12, respectively. The first transmission rack 8 is respectively equipped on the gear assembly 6, and the second transmission rack 9 is respectively equipped on the second gear assembly 7. The upper end of the first transmission rack 8 is hinged to the front canopy beam 4, and the upper end of the second transmission rack 9 is hinged to the rear canopy beam 5. The first turbine reducer 22 and the second turbine reducer 23 both have bidirectional output shafts, which are respectively fixedly mounted on the greenhouse structure frame 10 by the load-bearing structure beam 20. The output shaft of the first turbine reducer 22 is coaxially connected to the first power shaft 11. The output shaft of the second turbine reducer 23 is coaxially connected to the second power shaft 12. Meanwhile, the first differential pulley system 15 and the second differential pulley system 16 are respectively installed on the first turbine reducer 22 and the second turbine reducer 23. The first differential pulley system 15 and the second differential pulley system 16 are respectively equipped with hand-controlled chains 19, which can be manually operated to drive the first power shaft 11 and the second power shaft 12 to rotate. The thermal insulation covering 14 is a thermal insulation quilt, and its upper edge is fixedly connected to the rear canopy beam 5 and can be rolled up upwards.

[0017] In actual production, the solar greenhouse with an adjustable light-collecting angle described in this embodiment can adjust the relative height of the front beam 4 and the rear beam 5 in a timely manner according to seasonal and daytime changes, changing the light-collecting angle of the greenhouse surface. This allows the light-collecting angle to adapt to the dynamically changing solar altitude angle, ensuring that the greenhouse surface has an optimized solar radiation incident rate and increasing the solar energy absorption and conversion efficiency. Taking seasonal changes as an example, in autumn and winter, due to the decrease in solar altitude angle, the hand-controlled chains 19 on the first differential pulley system 15 and the second differential pulley system 16 can be pulled to drive the first power shaft 11 and the second power shaft 12 to rotate through the first worm gear reducer 22 and the second worm gear reducer 23, respectively. This, in turn, drives the gears in the first gear assembly 6 and the second gear assembly 7 to rotate. Furthermore, the corresponding action of the first gear assembly 6 and the second gear assembly 7 with the first transmission rack 8 and the second transmission rack 9 is used to raise the front beam 4, while simultaneously adjusting the air gap of the rear beam 5. As the position of the intermediate transition canopy is adjusted, the light-receiving angle of the canopy surface is continuously increased. With the front beam 4 rising, when the front beam 4 reaches or exceeds the height of the rear beam 5, the intermediate transition canopy surface no longer has a light-receiving function. Therefore, during daytime lighting, the insulation covering 14 can be rolled up to the position of the front beam 4, ensuring continuous coverage of the intermediate transition canopy surface. Simultaneously, the inner shading insulation layer 13 is unfolded to cover the intermediate transition canopy surface, enhancing its insulation performance and reducing heat loss. When the solar altitude angle drops to its lowest point in winter, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the front beam 4 can be raised to its highest height, maximizing the light-receiving angle of the greenhouse surface to accommodate the lowest solar altitude angle in winter and maintain optimal solar radiation. In summer and spring, due to the increased solar altitude angle, the hand-operated chain 19 on the first differential pulley system 15 and the second differential pulley system 16 can be pulled in the opposite direction to lower the front beam 4. Simultaneously, the spatial position of the rear beam 5 is adaptively adjusted, continuously reducing the light-receiving angle of the greenhouse surface. As the front beam 4 descends, when it is lower than the rear beam 5, the intermediate transition surface, having a light-receiving function, allows the insulation covering 14 to be rolled up to the rear beam 5 position during daytime lighting, while simultaneously folding the inner shading insulation layer 13. This opens the intermediate transition surface for light, increasing the light-receiving area of ​​the greenhouse and improving the solar radiation collection rate. When the solar altitude angle reaches its highest point in summer, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the front canopy beam 4 can be lowered to its minimum height, so that the skylight surface maintains the minimum light-receiving angle to adapt to the lowest solar altitude angle in summer, and so that the skylight surface can maintain the optimal solar radiation incidence rate.

Claims

1. A greenhouse roof structure with adjustable light-receiving angle, characterized in that, include: The structure comprises a front swing arm (1), a connecting rod (2), a rear swing arm (3), a front canopy beam (4), a rear canopy beam (5), a first gear assembly (6), a second gear assembly (7), a first transmission rack (8) and a second transmission rack (9), a first power shaft (11), and a second power shaft (12). The front swing arm (1), the connecting rod (2), and the rear swing arm (3) are all standard structural components, which are arranged horizontally at the upper end of the greenhouse structural frame (10) of the solar greenhouse and arranged parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse structural frame (10). The front canopy beam (4) and the rear canopy beam (5) are both straight structural beams, which are respectively arranged on the greenhouse structural frame (10). The upper end is arranged longitudinally. One end of the front swing rod (1) is hinged to the top of the light-transmitting facade of the greenhouse structure frame (10), and the other end is hinged to the front shed beam (4). The front swing rod (1) forms the light-transmitting shed surface of the greenhouse, and a light-transmitting film is covered on the light-transmitting shed surface. One end of the rear swing rod (3) is hinged to the top of the heat-insulating wall of the greenhouse structure frame (10), and the other end is hinged to the rear shed beam (5). The rear swing rod (3) forms the heat-insulating shed surface of the greenhouse, and a heat-insulating covering layer (18) is covered on the heat-insulating shed surface. The two ends of the connecting rod (2) are hinged to each other. On the front beam (4) and the rear beam (5), the connecting rod (2) is combined to form the intermediate transition surface of the greenhouse, and the light-transmitting film is also covered on the intermediate transition surface; the first power shaft (11) and the second power shaft (12) are respectively supported by bearing seats (17) and installed on the greenhouse structure frame (10); the first gear assembly (6) and the second gear assembly (7) are respectively coaxially fixedly connected to the first power shaft (11) and the second power shaft (12); the first transmission rack (8) and the first transmission gear (8) are respectively equipped in the first gear assembly (6) and the second gear assembly (7). The second transmission rack (9) is described above. The first transmission rack (8) and the second transmission rack (9) are respectively connected to the gears in the first gear assembly (6) and the second gear assembly (7) to form a transmission engagement. The upper end of the first transmission rack (8) is hinged to the front shed beam (4), and the upper end of the second transmission rack (9) is hinged to the rear shed beam (5). The corresponding engagement of the first transmission rack (8) and the second transmission rack (9) can balance and support the overall roof of the greenhouse, so that the light-transmitting roof, the heat-insulating roof and the intermediate transition roof can be combined to form a stable greenhouse roof structure.

2. The adjustable light-receiving angle roof structure of a solar greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The upper edge of the thermal insulation covering (14) is fixedly connected to the rear canopy beam (5), so that when the thermal insulation covering (14) is used for lighting, it can be selectively rolled up only to the front canopy beam (4) or completely rolled up to the rear canopy beam (5) to allow lighting in the manner of opening the lighting facade and the lighting canopy, or opening the lighting facade, the lighting canopy and the intermediate transition canopy. When the thermal insulation is used, it can completely cover the lighting facade, the lighting canopy and the intermediate transition canopy.

3. The greenhouse roof structure with adjustable light-transmitting angle as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein a foldable inner shading and heat-insulating layer (13) is provided on the inner side of the intermediate transition roof. When the inner shading and heat-insulating layer (13) is unfolded, it can cover the intermediate transition roof from the inside to provide shading and heat insulation. When folded, it can be stored on the connection side between the intermediate transition roof and the heat-insulating roof, so that the intermediate transition roof can maintain its light-transmitting function.

4. The adjustable light-receiving angle roof structure of a solar greenhouse as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A first turbine reducer (22) and a second turbine reducer (23) are respectively installed on the first power shaft (11) and the second power shaft (12). The first turbine reducer (22) and the second turbine reducer (23) are respectively fixedly connected to the greenhouse structure frame (10) and respectively equipped with a first differential pulley system (15) and a second differential pulley system (16). The first differential pulley system (15) and the second differential pulley system (16) can be used to manually drive the first power shaft (11) and the second power shaft (12) to rotate, thereby driving the gears in the first gear assembly (6) and the second gear assembly (7) to rotate.

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