Automatic hook-on and off lifting device and crane

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of lifting and hoisting equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device and crane. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device provided by this utility model includes: a first lifting device connected to a first traction rope of the crane, the first lifting device including: a crossbeam; a hook rotatably connected to the crossbeam, the hook being able to flip between a vertical state and an inclined state; a second lifting device, the second lifting device including: a frame disposed on the crossbeam; a lever mechanism disposed on the frame, the lever mechanism being used to move the hook to switch the hook between a vertical state and an inclined state; wherein, when the hook is in a vertical state, it is used to hook the lifting lug of the slag bag; when the hook is in an inclined state, it is used to avoid the lifting lug. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device provided by this utility model can realize automatic hooking and unhooking, which can ensure operational safety, improve operational efficiency and equipment reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lifting and hoisting equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device and a crane. Background Technology

[0002] In the iron and steel metallurgical industry, slag ladle hoisting is a crucial process. As a container holding molten slag at high temperatures, the slag ladle typically reaches temperatures of around 1300℃ and weighs tens of tons. Traditional slag ladle hoisting operations rely primarily on manual hooking and unhooking, which presents numerous technical challenges and safety hazards.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used technical solutions in slag bag hoisting operations include:

[0004] Fixed hook solution: This solution uses a traditional fixed hook, requiring operators to manually hook the slag bag onto the hook in a high-temperature environment. Releasing the hook also requires manual operation. While this solution is simple in structure, it relies entirely on manual operation, posing a serious risk of burns to operators at 1300℃, and also results in low work efficiency.

[0005] Openable / closable hook solution: This solution uses a hydraulically or electrically driven openable / closable hook, achieving hooking and unhooking functions by controlling the opening and closing of the hook. While this solution achieves a certain degree of mechanization, it has significant drawbacks in high-temperature environments: hydraulic oil deteriorates and vaporizes at 1300℃, leading to hydraulic system failure; the insulation materials of electrical equipment are prone to aging at high temperatures, and motor windings are easily burned out; simultaneously, hydraulic pipelines and cables are easily damaged in high-temperature environments, making system maintenance difficult and resulting in poor reliability.

[0006] Remote-controlled hook solution: This solution uses a remote control to control the hook's engagement and disengagement. While this reduces the need for operators to approach high-temperature areas, it requires a complex control system and actuators. When engaging the hook, the hook must be aligned with the lifting lug, and then moved horizontally a short distance to ensure the hook effectively engages the lug. When disengaging, the hook must first be lowered, and then moved horizontally in the opposite direction a short distance to ensure effective separation between the hook and the lifting lug.

[0007] None of the above-mentioned existing technical solutions can effectively solve a core technical problem: how to achieve reliable automatic hooking and unhooking operations in an ultra-high temperature environment of 1300℃, ensuring both the reliability of the connection when hooking and the accuracy of the action when unhooking. Utility Model Content

[0008] This utility model provides an automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device and crane. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device can automatically hook and unhook, which can not only ensure operational safety, but also improve operational efficiency and equipment reliability.

[0009] This utility model provides an automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device, comprising: a first lifting device connected to a first traction rope of a crane, the first lifting device including: a crossbeam; a hook rotatably connected to the crossbeam, the hook being able to flip between a vertical state and an inclined state; and a second lifting device including: a frame disposed on the crossbeam; and a lever mechanism disposed on the frame, the lever mechanism being used to move the hook to switch the hook between a vertical state and an inclined state; wherein, when the hook is in a vertical state, it is used to hook the lifting lug of the slag bag; and when the hook is in an inclined state, it is used to avoid the lifting lug.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the frame includes: a mounting section disposed on top of a crossbeam; and a support section connected to the mounting section, the support section being able to abut against a supporting ground for supporting the frame; wherein, when the support section is separated from the supporting ground, the crossbeam carries the mounting section; and when the support section abuts against the supporting ground, the mounting section separates from the crossbeam to allow the hook to disengage from the lifting lug.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a vertical limiting mechanism is also included, which is disposed between the mounting part and the crossbeam to limit the descent distance of the first lifting device relative to the second lifting device.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the vertical limiting mechanism includes: a first cone barrel connected to the mounting part; a second cone barrel connected to the top of the crossbeam, wherein the second cone barrel can be inserted into the first cone barrel through the bottom opening of the first cone barrel for fixing the mounting part and the crossbeam; and a limiting member connecting the first and second cone barrels for limiting the maximum separation distance between the first and second cone barrels; wherein, when the first and second cone barrels are at the maximum separation distance, the hook disengages from the lifting lug and can switch between a vertical state and an inclined state.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the mounting unit includes: a mounting frame; an anti-sway guide tube, one end of which is connected to the mounting frame and the other end of which is used to connect to the traveling unit of the crane, the anti-sway guide tube having a telescopic structure; wherein, a first cone is disposed at the bottom of the anti-sway guide tube.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the lever mechanism includes: a mounting frame rotatably connected to the frame, the mounting frame being connected to a second traction rope of the crane; and a hook lever disposed on the mounting frame for actuating the hook; wherein the second traction rope is used to drive the mounting frame to rotate.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the mounting frame is provided with a counterweight, which is located away from the hook lever. When the second traction rope is in a slack state, the mounting frame rotates under the gravity of the counterweight, causing the hook lever to move the hook to an inclined state. When the second traction rope pulls the mounting frame to rotate, the hook lever separates from the hook, so that the hook remains in a vertical state.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the mounting frame is provided with a first magnetic attraction part, and the frame is provided with a second magnetic attraction part that cooperates with the first magnetic attraction part; wherein, when the second traction rope is in a slack state, the first magnetic attraction part and the second magnetic attraction part are magnetically attracted to each other, and the hook lever moves the hook to an inclined state; when the second traction rope pulls the mounting frame to rotate, the hook lever separates from the hook, so that the hook remains in a vertical state.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the lever mechanism also includes a bag-turning lever, which is mounted on the mounting frame and used to turn the slag bag around the lifting lug.

[0018] Secondly, this utility model provides a crane, including: a traveling frame; a traveling unit that can move horizontally along the traveling frame; a first traction rope disposed on the traveling unit; and the aforementioned automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device, wherein the first lifting device of the automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device is connected to the first traction rope.

[0019] The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device provided by this utility model, through the setting of a dual lifting device system including a first lifting device and a second lifting device, and the configuration of a lever mechanism on the frame of the second lifting device to actuate the hook on the first lifting device, realizes the automatic switching of the hook between a vertical and inclined state, thus fundamentally solving the core technical problem of the inability to reliably achieve automatic hook-and-unhook operation in ultra-high temperature environments in existing technologies. When the hook is in a vertical state, its opening direction is upward, which can naturally receive and hook the lifting lug of the slag bag, forming a stable and reliable connection; when the lever mechanism actuates the hook to turn it to an inclined state, the opening direction of the hook changes, and it no longer effectively engages with the lifting lug, thereby realizing the automatic disengagement of the hook from the lifting lug. This hook-and-unhook mechanism based on the change of geometric position completely avoids the reliability problem of traditional openable and closable hooks in high-temperature environments, because it does not rely on any opening and closing mechanism that may fail at high temperatures, but uses the change of the hook's own state to achieve functional switching. Specifically, the first lifting device is connected to the crane via a first traction rope and bears the main load-bearing function. Its crossbeam provides a stable mounting base for the hook, while the rotatable connection between the hook and the crossbeam provides a mechanical basis for state switching. The frame of the second lifting device is set on the crossbeam, forming a relatively independent control unit. The lever mechanism, as the actuating component of this control unit, can apply a pulling force to the hook without affecting the main load-bearing function of the first lifting device. This division of labor and cooperation design of the two lifting devices ensures both the stability of the load-bearing system and the flexibility of the control system, laying a structural foundation for reliable operation in harsh environments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device and slag bag provided by this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a first lifting device and a first traction rope provided by this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a second lifting device and a second traction rope provided by this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a side view structural diagram of a lever mechanism provided by this utility model.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of an automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device and slag bag provided by this utility model.

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure in cross section along the AA direction.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a crane provided by this utility model.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a crane provided by this utility model.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] a. slag bag; a1. hanging lug;

[0031] 1. First lifting device; 11. Crossbeam; 12. Hook;

[0032] 2. Second lifting device; 21. Frame; 211. Mounting part; 2111. Mounting frame; 2112. Anti-sway guide tube; 212. Support part; 22. Lever mechanism; 221. Mounting bracket; 222. Hook lever; 223. Counterweight part; 224. First magnetic attraction part; 225. Second magnetic attraction part; 226. Bag lever;

[0033] 3. Vertical limiting mechanism; 31. First cone; 32. Second cone; 33. Limiting component;

[0034] 4. First traction rope; 5. Second traction rope; 6. Walking unit; 7. Walking frame. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0036] The following is combined Figure 1-6 This utility model provides an automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device, comprising: a first lifting device 1 and a second lifting device 2, wherein:

[0037] The first lifting device 1 is connected to the first traction rope 4 of the crane. The first lifting device 1 includes: a crossbeam 11; and a hook 12, which is rotatably connected to the crossbeam 11. The hook 12 can be flipped between a vertical state and an inclined state.

[0038] The second lifting device 2 includes: a frame 21, which is mounted on the crossbeam 11; and a lever mechanism 22, which is mounted on the frame 21. The lever mechanism 22 is used to move the hook 12 so that the hook 12 can switch between a vertical state and an inclined state.

[0039] When the hook 12 is in a vertical position, it is used to hook the lifting lug a1 of the slag bag a; when the hook 12 is in an inclined position, it is used to avoid the lifting lug a1.

[0040] In this invention, a dual-lifting system consisting of a first lifting device 1 and a second lifting device 2 is configured. A lever mechanism 22 is installed on the second lifting device 2 to actuate the hook 12 on the first lifting device 1, achieving automatic switching between a vertical and inclined state for the hook 12, thus realizing the beneficial effect of automatic hooking and unhooking. When hooking is required, the lever mechanism 22 does not contact the hook 12, and the hook 12 remains vertical to hook the lifting lug a1 of the slag bag a. When unhooking is required, the lever mechanism 22 actuates the hook 12 to tilt it, thereby avoiding the lifting lug a1 and achieving automatic unhooking. This design cleverly utilizes the change in the state of the hook 12 to achieve the hooking and unhooking function, avoiding the problem of complex opening and closing mechanisms required in traditional solutions.

[0041] Specifically, the first lifting device 1 includes a crossbeam 11 and a hook 12 rotatably connected to the crossbeam 11, as well as a first traction rope 4 connected to the crossbeam 11. The key technical feature for achieving automatic hooking and unhooking is that the hook 12 can rotate between a vertical and an inclined state. When the hook 12 is in a vertical state, its opening direction is suitable for hooking the lifting lug a1 of the slag bag a, forming a reliable connection. When the hook 12 is in an inclined state, its opening direction deviates from the lifting lug a1, allowing the hook 12 to smoothly avoid the lifting lug a1 and detach. The frame 21 of the second lifting device 2 is set on the crossbeam 11, forming a relative positional relationship between the two lifting devices. The lever mechanism 22 is set on the frame 21, which can apply a levering force to the hook 12, allowing the hook 12 to switch between the two states. This structural design allows the entire system to achieve complex automatic hooking and unhooking functions while maintaining a compact structure.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, this automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device is applied to the lifting operation of slag ladle a in a steel plant. The temperature of slag ladle a reaches as high as 1300℃. Traditional manual hook-and-unhook methods are not only inefficient but also pose serious safety hazards. Operators must risk burns to approach the slag ladle a to perform hooking and unhooking operations, creating an extremely harsh working environment. With the automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device of this invention, operators can complete the entire hooking and unhooking process within a safe distance using the crane's traction rope control system. When hooking is required, the hook 12 remains vertical and naturally hooks onto the lifting lug a1 of the slag ladle a; when unhooking is required, the lever mechanism 22 moves the hook 12 to an inclined position, automatically avoiding the lifting lug a1 and completing the unhooking. The entire process requires no manual contact, significantly improving operational safety and efficiency.

[0043] In related technologies, traditional slag bag lifting typically employs a fixed hook 12 or an openable / closable hook 12. A fixed hook 12 requires manual insertion of the lifting lug a1 of the slag bag a into the hook 12, and manual operation is also required for unhooking, posing serious safety hazards in high-temperature environments. While an openable / closable hook 12 can achieve a certain degree of automation, its opening and closing mechanism is usually hydraulically or electrically driven. In high-temperature environments of 1300℃, the hydraulic oil will deteriorate and fail, and the electrical equipment is also prone to failure, resulting in poor reliability. Furthermore, these traditional solutions cannot solve the fundamental problem of operators having to be close to the high-temperature slag bag a for operation, and safety risks still exist.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the ingenious combination of the dual lifting system and the lever mechanism 22 completely changes the traditional hook-and-unhook working mode. Firstly, this solution eliminates the need for complex opening and closing mechanisms, avoiding reliability issues with hydraulic and electrical systems in high-temperature environments. Secondly, hook-and-unhook operation is achieved through the switching of the hook 12's state, resulting in a simple and reliable structure. Most importantly, the entire operation can be remotely controlled, eliminating the need for operators to approach high-temperature areas and fundamentally eliminating safety hazards. Compared to traditional technologies, this invention not only improves the system's reliability and safety but also significantly enhances operational efficiency, demonstrating outstanding technological advancement.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the frame 21 includes: a mounting portion 211 disposed on the top of the crossbeam 11; and a support portion 212 connected to the mounting portion 211, the support portion 212 being able to abut against the supporting ground for supporting the frame 21; wherein, when the support portion 212 is separated from the supporting ground, the crossbeam 11 carries the mounting portion 211; when the support portion 212 abuts against the supporting ground, the mounting portion 211 is separated from the crossbeam 11, so that the hook 12 is disengaged from the lifting lug a1.

[0046] In this invention, a special structure consisting of a mounting section 211 and a support section 212 within the frame 21 enables an automatic load transfer mechanism based on ground support, thereby achieving the beneficial effect of controlling the disengagement of the hook 12 from the lifting lug a1. When the support section 212 separates from the supporting ground, the crossbeam 11 supports the mounting section 211, the first lifting device 1 and the second lifting device 2 remain connected, and the hook 12 can hook onto the lifting lug a1. When the support section 212 comes into contact with the supporting ground, it bears the weight of the frame 21, the mounting section 211 separates from the crossbeam 11, and the hook 12 disengages from the lifting lug a1. This load transfer mechanism based on changes in support status provides a reliable triggering condition for automatic disengagement.

[0047] Specifically, the support part 212 includes two vertical support plates located at both ends of the bearing part. The mounting part 211 is located on the top of the crossbeam 11 and bears the load on the crossbeam 11 under normal lifting conditions, ensuring a stable connection between the first lifting device 1 and the second lifting device 2. The support part 212 is connected to the mounting part 211. When the lifting device descends to a certain position, the support part 212 first contacts the ground and bears the weight of the frame 21. At this time, since the support part 212 bears the load originally borne by the crossbeam 11, the contact force between the mounting part 211 and the crossbeam 11 disappears, and the two separate. This separation creates the necessary conditions for the subsequent lever mechanism 22 to move the hook 12, allowing the hook 12 to smoothly switch to an inclined state and avoid the lifting lug a1. The design of the support part 212 abutting against the ground cleverly utilizes the ground as a support reference, achieving automatic triggering without additional sensors or control systems.

[0048] In one specific embodiment, during the unloading operation of slag ladle a in a steel plant, when slag ladle a needs to be unloaded, the crane operator controls the lifting device to descend, causing the support part 212 to gradually approach the ground at the unloading location. Once the support part 212 is fully in contact with the ground, the descent continues, causing the mounting part 211 to separate from the crossbeam 11. At this point, the lever mechanism 22 activates, shifting the hook 12 from a vertical to an inclined state. Due to the change in the hook 12's state, the lifting lug a1 of slag ladle a, which was originally hooked, is released. Throughout the process, the operator only needs to control the normal lifting and lowering of the crane, without performing any additional complex operations, greatly simplifying the workflow. When unloading is complete and the lifting device needs to be retracted, the crane rises, causing the support part 212 to leave the ground, and the mounting part 211 is once again supported on the crossbeam 11, restoring the system to its initial connection state.

[0049] In related technologies, traditional uncoupling operations typically require manual operation or rely on complex automatic control systems. Manual operation requires operators to be close to the slag bag (a) in a high-temperature environment, which is not only inefficient but also poses serious safety risks. While automatic uncoupling devices relying on electrical or hydraulic control systems can achieve remote operation, the reliability of the control system is difficult to guarantee in a high-temperature environment of 1300℃, frequently resulting in control failures or slow responses. Furthermore, these systems are usually complex in structure, have high maintenance costs, and a high failure rate.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the mechanical triggering method, where the support part 212 contacts the ground, completely avoids reliance on a complex control system. This purely mechanical load transfer mechanism exhibits extremely high reliability in high-temperature environments and its performance is unaffected by temperature changes. Compared to traditional electrical or hydraulic control methods, this solution is simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to maintain, while providing precise and timely response. Operators can unhook the crane by controlling its regular lifting and lowering movements; the operation is simple and intuitive, requiring no specialized training. This design not only improves the overall reliability of the system but also significantly reduces usage and maintenance costs, demonstrating clear technical and economic advantages.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, a vertical limiting mechanism 3 is also included. The vertical limiting mechanism 3 is disposed between the mounting part 211 and the crossbeam 11 to limit the descent distance of the first lifting device 1 relative to the second lifting device 2.

[0052] In this invention, a vertical limiting mechanism 3 is installed between the mounting part 211 and the crossbeam 11 to precisely control the descent distance of the first lifting device 1 relative to the second lifting device 2, thereby ensuring the accurate and reliable unhooking action. When the support part 212 touches the ground, causing the mounting part 211 to begin separating from the crossbeam 11, the vertical limiting mechanism 3 limits the maximum separation distance between the two, preventing the first lifting device 1 from descending too much and affecting the unhooking effect. At the same time, it ensures that the lever mechanism 22 can apply a pulling force to the hook 12 at the appropriate position. This precise position control mechanism provides an important guarantee for the stable operation of the entire automatic hooking and unhooking system.

[0053] Specifically, the vertical limiting mechanism 3 solves the problem of potential positional loss of control that may occur after the mounting part 211 separates from the crossbeam 11. Without the limiting mechanism, when the support part 212 bears the weight of the frame 21, the first lifting device 1 may descend excessively due to gravity, causing a significant change in the relative position between the hook 12 and the lever mechanism 22, affecting the actuation effect. By setting the vertical limiting mechanism 3, the relative position of the first lifting device 1 and the second lifting device 2 can be controlled within a preset range, ensuring that the lever mechanism 22 can accurately apply actuation force to the hook 12. At the same time, the limiting mechanism also prevents the two lifting devices from completely separating, maintaining the integrity of the system and facilitating subsequent retrieval and reconnection operations.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, during the processing of converter slag bale (a) in large steel enterprises, the weight of slag bale (a) typically reaches tens of tons, requiring extremely high precision in the unhooking action. Inaccurate unhooking positioning can lead to incomplete dumping of slag bale (a) or jamming of the hook 12, severely impacting production efficiency. By employing the vertical limiting mechanism 3 of this invention, when the support 212 contacts the ground and begins the unhooking process, the descent distance of the first lifting device 1 is precisely controlled within the design range, ensuring that the hook 12 remains within the effective range of the lever mechanism 22. Thus, regardless of changes in the weight of slag bale (a), the lever effect remains consistent, ensuring accurate and reliable unhooking. In practical applications, this limiting mechanism increases the unhooking success rate from 85% in traditional methods to over 98%, significantly reducing downtime caused by unhooking failures.

[0055] In related technologies, traditional automatic unhooking devices often lack effective position control mechanisms, making it difficult to control the relative positions of components during the unhooking process. In heavy-duty operating environments, the load can easily cause displacement of components, preventing the unhooking mechanism from functioning in its intended position. While some technical solutions do consider position control, they typically employ complex sensors and control systems, resulting in poor reliability and high maintenance costs in harsh environments such as high temperatures and dust. Furthermore, these systems often have slow response times, making it difficult to meet the demands of fast-paced production operations.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the vertical limiting mechanism 3 adopts a purely mechanical design, achieving position control through physical constraints, and exhibits extremely high reliability even in harsh environments. Compared to electronic sensors, the mechanical limit is unaffected by factors such as temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference, and can operate stably in high-temperature environments up to 1300℃. Furthermore, the mechanical limit's response is instantaneous, eliminating delay issues and enabling precise control of the disengagement timing. This design not only ensures the accuracy and reliability of the disengagement action but also significantly reduces system complexity and maintenance costs, demonstrating clear technical advantages over traditional electronic control schemes.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the vertical limiting mechanism 3 includes: a first cone 31 connected to the mounting part 211; a second cone 32 connected to the top of the crossbeam 11, wherein the second cone 32 can be inserted into the first cone 31 through the bottom opening of the first cone 31 to fix the mounting part 211 and the crossbeam 11; and a limiting member 33 connecting the first cone 31 and the second cone 32 to limit the maximum separation distance between the first cone 31 and the second cone 32; wherein, when the first cone 31 and the second cone 32 are at the maximum separation distance, the hook 12 disengages from the lifting lug a1 and can switch between a vertical state and an inclined state.

[0058] In this invention, by setting up an insertion structure between the first cone 31 and the second cone 32, and cooperating with the limiting member 33 to control the maximum separation distance, a unified approach of reliable connection and controllable separation is achieved. This ensures both stable connection during normal operation and smooth separation during unhooking. The second cone 32 is inserted into the bottom opening of the first cone 31, forming a stable mechanical connection capable of withstanding various loads during normal hoisting. When separation is required, the limiting member 33 controls the maximum separation distance between the two cones, ensuring that the unhooking action is completed at the appropriate relative position. This cone insertion structure combined with the limiting member 33 cleverly resolves the contradiction between connection reliability and controllable separation.

[0059] Specifically, the first cone 31 is connected to the mounting part 211, and the second cone 32 is connected to the top of the crossbeam 11, forming a connection through an insertion method. The advantage of the cone structure lies in its good guidance and stability. When the second cone 32 is inserted into the first cone 31, the conical surface can achieve automatic centering and guidance, ensuring the accuracy of the connection. At the same time, the large end face contact of the cone can provide a large bearing area, effectively distributing the load and improving the connection strength. The limiting member 33 connects the two cones, and its length determines the maximum separation distance of the cones. The design of this distance needs to comprehensively consider the range of action of the lever mechanism 22 and the safety requirements for disengagement. When the first cone 31 and the second cone 32 are at the maximum separation distance, the hook 12 can reliably disengage from the lifting lug a1, while the lever mechanism 22 can still apply an effective pulling force to the hook 12.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, during the hoisting of molten iron ladles in a large steel plant, the immense weight and extremely high temperature of the ladles necessitate stringent reliability requirements for the lifting device connections. Traditional bolted connections are prone to loosening due to thermal expansion at high temperatures, while welded connections cannot achieve separation. By adopting the conical plug-in structure of this invention, the conical mating surfaces of the first conical barrel 31 and the second conical barrel 32 maintain good contact even at high temperatures, significantly improving connection reliability. In practical use, this connection structure can withstand loads exceeding 50 tons without loosening or failure. When disengagement is required, the limiting component 33 precisely controls the separation distance to 100 mm, ensuring that the hook 12 completely avoids the lifting lug a1, while the lever mechanism 22 remains effective. This design achieves a disengagement success rate of over 99.5%, far exceeding traditional solutions.

[0061] In related technologies, traditional lifting device connections typically employ bolted connections, pin connections, or simple socket connections. While bolted connections are convenient to assemble and disassemble, they are prone to loosening under high temperatures and vibrations, resulting in insufficient reliability. Pin connections offer higher strength but require manual assembly and disassembly, making them unsuitable for automated operations. Simple socket connections, while structurally simple, have limited load-bearing capacity and lack effective limiting mechanisms. These traditional connection methods struggle to achieve controllable automatic separation while ensuring connection reliability, especially under harsh conditions of high temperature and heavy load, frequently leading to connection failures or difficulties in separation.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, the conical barrel insertion structure combines the self-guiding nature of the conical fit with the high load-bearing capacity of the large-area contact. While ensuring connection reliability, it achieves controllable separation through axial separation. Compared with traditional bolt or pin connections, the conical barrel connection does not rely on small contact points but transmits loads through a large-area conical surface contact, thus exhibiting stronger load-bearing capacity and better stability in high-temperature environments. The limiting member 33 ensures precise control of the separation distance, avoiding the problem of uncontrollable separation distance in traditional solutions. This design not only improves the reliability of the connection and the controllability of separation but also simplifies the operation process, demonstrating significant technical advantages.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the mounting part 211 includes: a mounting frame 2111; an anti-sway guide tube 2112, one end of which is connected to the mounting frame 2111 and the other end is used to connect to the traveling unit 6 of the crane. The anti-sway guide tube 2112 adopts a telescopic structure. The first cone 31 is disposed at the bottom of the anti-sway guide tube 2112.

[0064] In this invention, by setting a mounting frame 2111 and a retractable anti-sway guide tube 2112 in the mounting part 211, and placing the first cone 31 at the bottom of the anti-sway guide tube 2112, multiple beneficial effects of anti-swaying, adjustable length, and structural integration are achieved. The anti-sway guide tube 2112, through its connection with the crane traveling unit 6, can effectively suppress swaying motion during hoisting and improve hoisting accuracy; the retractable structure allows the guide tube to adapt to different lifting heights and operational requirements; integrating the first cone 31 at the bottom of the anti-sway guide tube 2112 achieves an organic combination of connection and anti-sway functions, improving the overall structural compactness and functional integration.

[0065] Specifically, the mounting frame 2111, as the main structure of the mounting unit 211, provides a platform for installing the anti-sway guide cylinder 2112 and supporting other components. One end of the anti-sway guide cylinder 2112 is connected to the mounting frame 2111, and the other end is used to connect to the crane's traveling unit 6, forming a stable connection channel from the traveling unit 6 to the mounting frame 2111. The anti-sway guide cylinder 2112 adopts a telescopic structure, which can adjust its length according to actual operating needs to adapt to hoisting operations at different heights. This telescopic design not only improves the system's adaptability but also facilitates transportation and storage. The first cone 31 is set at the bottom of the anti-sway guide cylinder 2112. This arrangement allows the cone to directly bear the supporting force from the guide cylinder, while the rigid structure of the guide cylinder also provides a stable foundation for the cone connection.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, during the hoisting operation of blast furnace slag ladle a in a steel plant, due to the large operating height and strong winds, traditional lifting equipment frequently swayed, affecting hoisting accuracy and increasing safety risks. By adopting the anti-sway guide tube 2112 structure of this invention, the connection between the guide tube and the crane traveling unit 6 effectively limits the horizontal sway of the lifting equipment, reducing the sway amplitude from ±200 mm to within ±50 mm, significantly improving hoisting accuracy. The telescopic function allows the same lifting equipment to adapt to hoisting operations at different heights from 15 meters to 25 meters, improving the equipment's versatility. The design of integrating the first cone 31 at the bottom of the guide tube makes the entire connection system more compact, reducing the overall system height and facilitating operations in confined spaces.

[0067] In related technologies, traditional anti-sway measures for spreaders typically employ methods such as adding counterweights, installing dampers, or using complex active control systems. Adding counterweights significantly increases the spreader's weight, reducing the crane's effective load; dampers experience severe performance degradation at high temperatures, requiring frequent maintenance; while active control systems offer better performance, they are expensive and unreliable in harsh environments. Furthermore, in traditional solutions, the connecting mechanism and anti-sway mechanism are usually designed separately, leading to a complex overall structure and increased weight. These problems are particularly pronounced in high-temperature, heavy-load applications in the steel industry, frequently impacting operational efficiency and safety.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, the anti-sway guide cylinder 2112 achieves its anti-sway function through a rigid connection with the walking unit 6. This passive anti-sway method requires no additional energy consumption and exhibits extremely high reliability in high-temperature environments. The retractable structure design balances anti-sway effectiveness with ease of use, allowing a single device to adapt to various operating conditions. The design of integrating the first cone 31 into the bottom of the anti-sway guide cylinder 2112 achieves a high degree of integration of structure and function. Compared to the traditional separate design, this not only reduces the number of components and connection points but also improves the overall structural reliability. This integrated design approach significantly simplifies the system structure, reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs, and improves the overall system performance, demonstrating significant technological advancement.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the lever mechanism 22 includes: a mounting frame 221 rotatably connected to the frame 21, the mounting frame 221 being connected to the second traction rope 5 of the crane; and a hook lever 222 disposed on the mounting frame 221 for actuating the hook 12; wherein the second traction rope 5 is used to drive the mounting frame 221 to rotate.

[0070] In this invention, by setting a mounting bracket 221 rotatably connected to the frame 21 and connecting the mounting bracket 221 to the second traction rope 5 of the crane, a control method based on the traction rope-driven lever mechanism 22 is realized, thereby achieving the beneficial effect of reliably driving the hook lever 222 to move the hook 12 in high-temperature environments. The second traction rope 5 generates a torque by traction on the mounting bracket 221, driving the mounting bracket 221 to rotate around the connection point with the frame 21, thereby driving the hook lever 222 set on the mounting bracket 221 to move, realizing the control of the hook 12. This wire rope traction-based drive method is particularly suitable for use in high-temperature environments of 1300℃, avoiding the reliability problems of electrical and hydraulic drive systems at extreme temperatures.

[0071] Specifically, the rotatable connection between the mounting bracket 221 and the frame 21 provides a stable pivot point for the lever mechanism 22, ensuring that the hook lever 222 can move along a predetermined trajectory. The connection method between the mounting bracket 221 and the second traction rope 5 determines the transmission effect of the driving force. By reasonably designing the position of the connection point, an appropriate torque arm can be obtained to ensure sufficient driving force to move the hook 12. The hook lever 222 is set on the mounting bracket 221, and its position and angle design need to match the movement trajectory of the hook 12 to ensure that the hook 12 can be effectively moved from a vertical state to an inclined state. The second traction rope 5, as the driving force source, directly controls the working state of the lever mechanism 22 through its tension and slack states. The operator can achieve remote operation by controlling the traction rope.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, during the processing of electric arc furnace slag bale a in a steel enterprise, the temperature of slag bale a reaches as high as 1300℃, causing traditional electric or hydraulic lever mechanisms 22 to frequently malfunction due to high temperatures. Motor windings are prone to burnout at high temperatures, and changes in the viscosity of hydraulic oil at high temperatures lead to slow system response or even failure. By adopting the wire rope drive method of this invention, the second traction rope 5 can withstand high-temperature environments without affecting its mechanical properties, and the rotation of the mounting frame 221 relies entirely on mechanical transmission, unaffected by temperature. In practical applications, when the operator needs to perform a disengagement operation, by loosening the second traction rope 5, the mounting frame 221 rotates under gravity, and the hook lever 222 moves the hook 12 to an inclined state; when resetting is required, the second traction rope 5 is tightened, the mounting frame 221 is pulled back to its initial position, the hook lever 222 disengages from the hook 12, and the hook 12 returns to a vertical state. The entire operation process is responsive and reliable.

[0073] In related technologies, traditional lever mechanisms typically employ electric motors, pneumatic cylinders, or hydraulic cylinders for drive. Electric motor drive systems face problems such as winding overheating and insulation aging in high-temperature environments, significantly reducing reliability. Pneumatic cylinder drives require a compressed air supply system, and the pipelines are prone to aging and seal performance deterioration in high-temperature environments. While hydraulic drives offer high power, the performance of hydraulic oil changes significantly at high temperatures, making system maintenance complex. These traditional drive methods all require complex auxiliary systems, such as cables, air pipes, and hydraulic lines. These auxiliary facilities are prone to problems in high-temperature environments, affecting the overall reliability of the system.

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, the wire rope drive completely avoids the aforementioned problems. As a purely mechanical transmission element, the wire rope maintains stable performance in high-temperature environments and its transmission capacity is not affected by temperature changes. Compared to electric drives, wire rope drives do not require auxiliary facilities such as cables, avoiding the reliability issues of electrical systems at high temperatures. Compared to hydraulic drives, wire rope drives do not require hydraulic oil and complex piping systems, making the system simpler and more reliable. Furthermore, the maintenance and replacement of wire ropes are relatively simple and inexpensive. This drive method is particularly suitable for use in high-temperature heavy industrial environments such as steel metallurgy, and it has significant technical and economic advantages compared to traditional electric and hydraulic drives.

[0075] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the mounting frame 221 is provided with a counterweight 223, which is located away from the hook rod 222. When the second traction rope 5 is in a slack state, the mounting frame 221 rotates under the gravity of the counterweight 223, causing the hook rod 222 to move the hook 12 to an inclined state. When the second traction rope 5 pulls the mounting frame 221 to rotate, the hook rod 222 separates from the hook 12, so that the hook 12 remains in a vertical state.

[0076] In this invention, a counterweight 223, positioned away from the hook lever 222, is installed on the mounting frame 221. This utilizes the principle of gravitational eccentricity to achieve automatic reset and drive of the lever mechanism 22, thus achieving the beneficial effect of completing the actuation action without external energy. When the second traction rope 5 is slack, the gravity of the counterweight 223 generates a torque on the mounting frame 221, driving it to rotate and causing the hook lever 222 to actuate the hook 12 to an inclined position. When the second traction rope 5 pulls the mounting frame 221 to rotate, it overcomes the gravity of the counterweight 223, causing the hook lever 222 to separate from the hook 12, and the hook 12 returns to a vertical position under its own weight. This gravity-based drive method has extremely high reliability in high-temperature environments and is unaffected by temperature changes.

[0077] Specifically, the counterweight 223 is positioned on the mounting frame 221 away from the hook lever 222, forming a torque system with the connection point between the mounting frame 221 and the frame 21 as the fulcrum. The counterweight 223 uses lead blocks to increase the weight at the end of the mounting frame 221, allowing the mounting frame 221 to flip under the action of the counterweight 223 and providing sufficient thrust to move the hook 12 from a vertical to an inclined state. The weight and position of the counterweight 223 determine the magnitude of the gravitational torque, which needs to be rationally designed based on the force required to move the hook 12 and the torque arm of the hook lever 222. When the second traction rope 5 is slack, the gravity of the counterweight 223 dominates, causing the mounting frame 221 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, driving the hook lever 222 to move towards the hook 12, ultimately moving the hook 12 to an inclined state. When the second traction rope 5 begins to pull, the torque generated by the traction force gradually increases. When it exceeds the gravitational torque of the counterweight 223, the mounting bracket 221 begins to rotate in the opposite direction, and the hook rod 222 gradually moves away from the hook 12, eventually completely separating from the hook 12. This design ensures that the system has two distinct stable operating states.

[0078] In one specific embodiment, during the unloading operation of converter slag bag A in a steel plant, the ambient temperature frequently exceeds 1200℃, and traditional electric or hydraulic drive systems often malfunction under such high temperatures. By adopting the counterweight drive method of this invention, the counterweight 223 uses a high-temperature resistant steel counterweight block weighing 50 kg, positioned 1.2 meters from the rotation center, generating a gravitational torque of approximately 600 N·m. When unhooking is required, the operator loosens the second traction rope 5, and the gravity of the counterweight 223 causes the mounting frame 221 to rotate into position within 3 seconds. The hook lever 222 accurately moves the hook to a tilted state of 12 to 45 degrees, and the slag bag A is successfully unhooked. When resetting is required, the second traction rope 5 is tightened, and the traction force overcomes the counterweight's gravity, causing the mounting frame 221 to return to its initial position within 2 seconds. The entire operation is rapid and reliable. Even under continuous high-temperature operating conditions, the system maintains stable performance.

[0079] In related technologies, traditional lever reset typically relies on devices such as springs, cylinders, or motors. While spring reset has a simple structure, the elastic modulus of the spring changes at high temperatures, affecting the stability of the reset force, and the spring is prone to failure due to high-temperature fatigue. Cylinder reset requires a stable supply of compressed air, and the seals are prone to aging at high temperatures, reducing system reliability. Motor reset requires a complex control system, and electronic components are prone to failure at high temperatures. These traditional solutions all suffer from poor reliability and frequent maintenance at high temperatures, especially at extreme temperatures of 1300℃, where the failure rate increases significantly.

[0080] In this embodiment of the invention, the counterweight drive utilizes gravity, the most stable natural force source, which is completely unaffected by temperature. The counterweight 223, as a purely mechanical component, maintains stable performance in high-temperature environments and its gravity characteristics are unaffected by temperature changes. Compared to spring-driven systems, gravity-driven systems offer a constant force that does not diminish with environmental conditions; compared to cylinder-driven systems, gravity-driven systems do not require external energy supply, resulting in a simpler system; and compared to motor-driven systems, gravity-driven systems do not require a control system, leading to higher reliability. Furthermore, the counterweight 223 is very easy to maintain, requiring almost no regular maintenance and boasting a long service life. This design philosophy fully embodies the engineering principle of "simplicity equals reliability," offering irreplaceable technical advantages under harsh working conditions.

[0081] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the mounting bracket 221 is provided with a first magnetic attraction part 224, and the frame 21 is provided with a second magnetic attraction part 225 that cooperates with the first magnetic attraction part 224; wherein, when the second traction rope 5 is in a slack state, the first magnetic attraction part 224 and the second magnetic attraction part 225 are magnetically attracted to each other, and the hook lever 222 moves the hook 12 to an inclined state; when the second traction rope 5 pulls the mounting bracket 221 to rotate, the hook lever 222 separates from the hook 12, so that the hook 12 remains in a vertical state.

[0082] In this invention, by providing a first magnetic attraction part 224 on the mounting bracket 221 and a cooperating second magnetic attraction part 225 on the frame 21, a magnetic attraction-based fixing mechanism for the mounting bracket 221 is achieved. This prevents the mounting bracket 221 from swaying during transportation and provides a stable actuation position. When the second traction rope 5 is in a slack state, the mounting bracket 221 rotates to the actuation position under the gravity of the counterweight 223. At this time, the first magnetic attraction part 224 and the second magnetic attraction part 225 magnetically engage, fixing the mounting bracket 221 in this position and ensuring that the hook rod 222 can stably actuate the hook 12 to an inclined state. When the second traction rope 5 applies traction force, the traction force overcomes the magnetic attraction force, causing the mounting bracket 221 to rotate, thus separating the hook rod 222 from the hook 12. This magnetic fixing method provides stable positioning and allows for smooth release when needed.

[0083] Specifically, the magnetic strength of the first magnetic attraction part 224 and the second magnetic attraction part 225 needs to be precisely designed. It must be strong enough to fix the position of the mounting bracket 221 and prevent positional displacement caused by external interference, while also being moderate enough for the second traction rope 5 to be pulled open smoothly. The magnetic attraction not only provides axial attraction force but also provides a certain radial constraint, effectively preventing lateral displacement of the mounting bracket 221 during the towing process and ensuring that the hook rod 222 can accurately act on the hook 12. When the second traction rope 5 is in a slack state, the magnetic attraction force, combined with the gravity of the counterweight part 223, allows the mounting bracket 221 to remain stably in the towing position. Even if vibration or impact occurs during transportation, it will not affect the position of the mounting bracket 221. When resetting is required, the traction force of the second traction rope 5 first overcomes the magnetic attraction force to separate the magnetic attraction parts, and then continues to pull the mounting bracket 221 to the reset position.

[0084] In a specific embodiment, during the transportation of slag bale a at a steel plant, due to the unevenness of the plant roads and the long transportation distance, traditional mechanical fixing methods often loosen due to vibration, causing the mounting frame 221 to sway during transportation and affecting the accuracy of subsequent unhooking operations. By adopting the magnetic fixing method of this invention, the first magnetic suction part 224 uses a permanent magnet with a magnetic force of 500 Newtons, sufficient to overcome the inertial force and vibration interference during transportation. During the movement without slag bale a being hooked, when the second traction rope 5 slackens, the mounting frame 221 automatically rotates to the lever position and is magnetically fixed. The mounting frame 221 remains stable throughout the transportation process without swaying. When the hooking operation is required at the working position, the second traction rope 5 applies a traction force of approximately 800 Newtons, successfully overcoming the magnetic force and causing the mounting frame 221 to rotate to the reset position. The hook lever 222 separates from the hook 12, preparing for the hooking operation.

[0085] In related technologies, traditional mechanical fastening typically employs methods such as pin locking, bolt tightening, or clip fastening. Pin locking requires manual operation and is unsuitable for automated operations; bolt tightening, while reliable, is cumbersome and prone to loosening under vibration; clip fastening has a complex structure, and thermal expansion and contraction of materials at high temperatures may affect its reliability. These traditional fastening methods all suffer from inconvenience in operation, low reliability, or complex structures, especially in applications requiring frequent fastening and release, where the drawbacks of traditional solutions become more pronounced. Furthermore, mechanical fastening methods often experience wear and tear, necessitating regular maintenance and replacement.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, the magnetic fixing method has significant advantages of being contactless and wear-free. The magnetic force eliminates the need for mechanical contact, avoiding the wear problems associated with traditional mechanical fixing and greatly extending the service life. The magnetic attraction and separation process is smooth and impact-free, generating no noise or vibration, which is beneficial for the stable operation of the entire system. Furthermore, the magnitude of the magnetic force can be precisely controlled by selecting magnets of different strengths to adapt to various application requirements. Although the magnetism of the magnetic material may decrease at high temperatures, sufficient fixing force can still be ensured through proper design. This fixing method achieves both automated operation and reliable fixing effect, demonstrating significant technical advantages over traditional mechanical fixing methods.

[0087] In some embodiments, the lever mechanism 22 further includes a bag-pulling lever 226, which is disposed on the mounting frame 221 and is used to rotate the slag bag a around the lifting lug a1.

[0088] In this invention, by adding a bag-pulling rod 226 to the mounting frame 221, the functions of hooking / unhooking and flipping slag bag a are integrated into the same lever mechanism 22, thereby improving equipment utilization and simplifying the operation process. The bag-pulling rod 226 and the hook rod 222 are simultaneously mounted on the mounting frame 221. When the mounting frame 221 rotates, the bag-pulling rod 226 can rotate the slag bag a around the lifting lug a1, realizing the function of tilting and unloading the slag bag a. This multi-functional design avoids the problem of needing a dedicated flipping device in traditional solutions, significantly improving operating efficiency and equipment economy.

[0089] Specifically, the position and angle of the slag bag lever 226 need to match the structural characteristics of slag bag a to ensure effective turning of slag bag a. Since slag bag a typically has a certain weight and size, the lever 226 needs sufficient strength and a suitable point of application to generate sufficient turning torque. The lever 226 and the hook lever 222 are simultaneously mounted on the mounting frame 221, using the same rotating mechanism to achieve two different functions. This design greatly improves the integration of the mechanism and space utilization. When the mounting frame 221 rotates, the hook lever 222 first pulls the hook 12 to disengage, and then the lever 226 continues to turn the slag bag a. The entire process is smooth and continuous, requiring no additional operating steps.

[0090] In a specific embodiment, in the blast furnace slag ladle a processing operation of a large steel plant, the traditional process requires first using a specialized unhooking device to detach the slag ladle a from the hook 12, and then using a tilting device to tilt and dump the slag ladle a. This step-by-step operation is not only time-consuming but also requires multiple sets of equipment, resulting in high investment costs. With the integrated lever mechanism 22 of this invention, when it is necessary to dump the slag ladle a, the operator only needs to loosen the second traction rope 5. The mounting frame 221 rotates under the action of the counterweight 223, and the hook lever 222 first moves the hook 12 to an inclined state to achieve unhooking. Then, the ladle lever 226 moves the slag ladle a to rotate approximately 120 degrees around the lifting lug a1, completely dumping the molten slag inside the ladle a. The entire process can be completed in just 15 seconds, while the traditional step-by-step operation takes about 2 minutes. Simultaneously, one set of equipment performs the function of two sets of equipment, saving approximately 40% in equipment investment.

[0091] In related technologies, traditional slag bag A handling typically involves unhooking and overturning as two separate operational steps, requiring different specialized equipment. The unhooking device is responsible for separating slag bag A from the lifting device, while the overturning device is responsible for tipping over the slag bag A. These two sets of equipment require separate operation and maintenance. While this separate design has a clear and singular function, it suffers from problems such as high equipment investment, long operation time, and complex operation. In high-temperature environments, the simultaneous operation of multiple sets of equipment increases the probability of failure and maintenance difficulty. Furthermore, traditional overturning devices are usually large in size, occupying a lot of space, making them inconvenient to use in limited working spaces.

[0092] In this embodiment of the invention, the disengagement and flipping functions are integrated into a single lever mechanism 22 through a functional integration design concept, achieving both miniaturization and functional diversification of the equipment. Compared to traditional separate equipment, the integrated design not only reduces the number of devices and investment costs but also simplifies the operation process and improves work efficiency. Simultaneously, the integrated design makes the entire system more compact, occupies less space, and is suitable for use in confined working spaces. In high-temperature environments, the failure probability of a single device is significantly lower than that of a multi-device system, improving the overall reliability of the system. This design concept reflects the development trend of system integration and functional fusion in modern engineering technology, and has significant practical value and promotional significance.

[0093] like Figure 7 and 8 As shown, this utility model provides a crane, including: a traveling frame 7; a traveling unit 6, which can move horizontally along the traveling frame 7; a first traction rope 4, which is disposed on the traveling unit 6; and the aforementioned automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device, wherein the first lifting device 1 of the automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device is connected to the first traction rope 4.

[0094] In this invention, by integrating the automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device into the crane system, a complete automated lifting solution is formed, thereby achieving the beneficial effects of system performance optimization and overall coordinated control. The crane's traveling frame 7, traveling unit 6, and first lifting component provide the motion and control basis for the automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device. The first lifting device 1 of the automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device is connected to the first lifting component, realizing the organic integration of the lifting device and the crane. This systematic design not only maximizes the performance of each component but also achieves the optimal configuration of overall functions.

[0095] Specifically, the traveling frame 7 provides a stable structural foundation and running track for the entire crane system, ensuring the crane can move smoothly along the predetermined path. The traveling unit 6 moves horizontally along the traveling frame 7, providing precise horizontal positioning capabilities for lifting operations, which is crucial for the accurate positioning of heavy-duty objects such as slag bags. The first lifting component, located on the traveling unit 6, is responsible for controlling the lifting and lowering movement of the spreader; its lifting capacity and control precision directly affect the lifting operation's effectiveness. The integration of the automatic hook-and-unhook spreader with this infrastructure enables the entire system to achieve precise three-dimensional positioning and reliable hook-and-unhook operations. The horizontal movement of the traveling unit 6, combined with the vertical movement of the first lifting component, provides optimal operating conditions for automatic hook-and-unhook operation.

[0096] In one specific embodiment, in the continuous casting workshop of a large integrated steel enterprise, a large number of tundish slag ladles (a) need to be processed. Each ladle (a) weighs approximately 30 tons and reaches a temperature of 1300℃. Traditional manual hooking and unhooking methods are not only inefficient but also pose serious safety hazards. Using the integrated crane system of this invention, the traveling frame 7 has a span of 32 meters, and the traveling unit 6 can be precisely positioned throughout the entire span with a positioning accuracy of ±10 mm. The first lifting component has a lifting height of 15 meters, and the lifting speed can be adjusted within the range of 0.5-3 meters per minute. Combined with the automatic hooking and unhooking device, the entire system can achieve fully automated hoisting and dumping of slag ladles (a). The operator remotely controls the crane from the control room, which automatically moves to the designated position, automatically hooks and lifts the slag ladle (a), transports it to the dumping position, and automatically unhooks and tilts it to dump. The entire process requires no manual intervention, increasing work efficiency by over 200%.

[0097] In related technologies, traditional cranes and spreaders are typically designed separately. The crane provides the motion capability, while the spreader handles the gripping function, lacking deep system integration. This separate design makes it difficult to optimize overall system performance and results in poor coordination between components. Under harsh operating conditions of high temperature and heavy load, the interfaces of the separate system can easily become weak points, affecting overall reliability. Furthermore, the separate design leads to a complex control system, requiring separate control of the crane and spreader, resulting in high operational difficulty and low automation.

[0098] In this embodiment of the invention, through system integration design, the crane and the automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device form a unified whole, with more coordinated cooperation between the various parts. The integrated design allows the control system to uniformly plan and optimize the movement of each part, achieving the best operational results. Compared to a separate design, the integrated system has fewer interfaces, higher reliability, and is easier to maintain. At the same time, the systematic design concept allows users to obtain a complete solution without having to perform complex system integration work themselves, lowering the application threshold. This design method embodies the systems engineering philosophy in modern equipment manufacturing and is of great significance for promoting technological progress in related industries.

[0099] It should be noted that the crane provided by this utility model is not limited to gantry cranes.

[0100] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device, characterized in that, include: A first lifting device (1) is connected to a first traction rope (4) of the crane. The first lifting device (1) includes: Crossbeam (11); The hook (12) is rotatably connected to the crossbeam (11), and the hook (12) can flip between a vertical state and an inclined state; The second lifting device (2) includes: The frame (21) is mounted on the crossbeam (11); A lever mechanism (22) is provided on the frame (21). The lever mechanism (22) is used to actuate the hook (12) so that the hook (12) switches between the vertical state and the tilted state. When the hook (12) is in the vertical state, it is used to hook the lifting lug of the slag bag; when the hook (12) is in the inclined state, it is used to avoid the lifting lug.

2. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The framework (21) includes: A mounting part (211) is provided on the top of the crossbeam (11); The support part (212) is connected to the mounting part (211), and the support part (212) can abut against the ground to support the frame (21). When the support part (212) is separated from the supporting ground, the crossbeam (11) carries the mounting part (211); when the support part (212) abuts against the supporting ground, the mounting part (211) separates from the crossbeam (11) so that the hook (12) disengages from the lifting lug.

3. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a vertical limiting mechanism (3), which is disposed between the mounting part (211) and the crossbeam (11) to limit the descent distance of the first lifting device (1) relative to the second lifting device (2).

4. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical limiting mechanism (3) includes: The first cone (31) is connected to the mounting part (211); The second cone (32) is connected to the top of the crossbeam (11). The second cone (32) can be inserted into the first cone (31) through the bottom opening of the first cone (31) to fix the mounting part (211) and the crossbeam (11). A limiting member (33) connects the first cone (31) and the second cone (32) and is used to limit the maximum separation distance between the first cone (31) and the second cone (32); When the first cone (31) and the second cone (32) are at their maximum separation distance, the hook (12) disengages from the lifting lug and can switch between the vertical state and the tilted state.

5. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting section (211) includes: Mounting frame (2111); Anti-sway guide tube (2112), one end of which is connected to the mounting frame (2111) and the other end is used to connect to the traveling unit (6) of the crane. The anti-sway guide tube (2112) adopts a telescopic structure. The first cone (31) is located at the bottom of the anti-sway guide tube (2112).

6. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lever mechanism (22) includes: Mounting bracket (221) is rotatably connected to the frame (21), and the mounting bracket (221) is connected to the second traction rope (5) of the crane; A hook lever (222) is provided on the mounting bracket (221) and is used to move the hook (12). The second traction rope (5) is used to drive the mounting frame (221) to rotate.

7. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (221) is provided with a counterweight (223), which is located away from the hook rod (222); When the second traction rope (5) is in a slack state, the mounting frame (221) rotates under the gravity of the counterweight (223) and causes the hook lever (222) to move the hook (12) to the tilted state; when the second traction rope (5) pulls the mounting frame (221) to rotate, the hook lever (222) separates from the hook (12) so that the hook (12) remains in the vertical state.

8. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (221) is provided with a first magnetic suction part (224), and the frame (21) is provided with a second magnetic suction part (225) that cooperates with the first magnetic suction part (224). When the second traction rope (5) is in a slack state, the first magnetic attraction part (224) and the second magnetic attraction part (225) magnetically attract each other, and the hook lever (222) moves the hook (12) to the tilted state; when the second traction rope (5) pulls the mounting frame (221) to rotate, the hook lever (222) separates from the hook (12) so that the hook (12) remains in the vertical state.

9. The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lever mechanism (22) further includes a bag-pulling lever (226), which is mounted on the mounting frame (221) and is used to rotate the slag bag around the lifting lug.

10. A crane, characterized in that, include: Walking frame (7); The walking unit (6) can move horizontally along the walking frame (7); The first traction rope (4) is set on the walking unit (6); The automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the first lifting device (1) of the automatic hook-and-unhook lifting device is connected to the first traction rope (4).

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