Foldable cutter head and tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of foldable cutterhead and tunneling machine, solve the problem that tunneling machine in prior art in short distance rock tunneling engineering machine disassembly workload, machine back difficulty of whole machine.This utility model foldable cutterhead, including center block and N edge block, N is even number greater than or equal to 4, N edge block is hingedly in center block outer periphery in turn, corresponding folding drive part is equipped between N edge block and center block, N edge block is reversed folding under the action of corresponding folding drive part relative to center block and turns over forward or backward;Two adjacent edge block folding direction is opposite.The utility model foldable cutterhead adopts reversed folding to reach the purpose of large-scale variable diameter, facilitate the cutterhead of installation tunneling machine fast escape, back off.Moreover, edge block is folded inwards and outwards by corresponding drive part, operation is simple, effectively avoid interference in folding process, while ensuring that the cutterhead is uniformly stressed in unfolded state, ensure cutterhead excavation capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a cutterhead. Background Technology

[0002] TBMs (Transportation Machines) have become the preferred equipment for tunnel excavation due to their advantages in safety, efficiency, and intelligence. However, their complex structural features and severe interference between different structures and between the equipment and the tunnel wall make long-distance retraction difficult, resulting in an awkward situation where the equipment can only advance but not retreat. Interference between the cutterhead structure and the tunnel wall is a key factor restricting TBM retraction. Existing methods typically use radial expansion and contraction of the cutterhead structure to achieve cutterhead diameter reduction and avoid interference with the tunnel wall. While radial expansion and contraction of the cutterhead structure can achieve a certain degree of retraction to avoid tunnel wall interference, it suffers from a bottleneck due to the limited range of expansion and contraction. A folding cutterhead with a co-directional folding structure, such as the one described in authorization announcement number CN212837816U, significantly reduces the radial range. However, when retraction is required, it necessitates pushing a sliding column to move the support rod and the side blocks away from the cutterhead panel, causing the side blocks to tilt and thus reducing the diameter of the cutterhead panel. This structure is complex, has poor cutterhead edge integrity, and suffers from a high failure rate in harsh field applications and hard rock tunneling. Furthermore, the co-directional tilting angle of the side blocks is limited, resulting in a small diameter variation range, and interference issues arise during the flipping process.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to propose a foldable cutterhead to increase the range of diameter reduction after folding, reduce tunnel wall interference, and simplify the structure and operation, thereby improving adaptability to various complex situations and enabling safe and efficient TBM retraction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this utility model proposes a foldable cutterhead and tunneling machine, which solves the problems of small cutterhead diameter range, complex structure and operation, and difficulty in retracting the entire machine in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A foldable cutterhead includes a central block and N side blocks, where N is an even number greater than or equal to 4. The N side blocks are sequentially hinged to the outer periphery of the central block. Corresponding folding drive components are provided between the N side blocks and the central block. Under the action of the corresponding folding drive components, the N side blocks fold forward or backward relative to the central block; adjacent side blocks fold in opposite directions. This cutterhead achieves diameter change through folding, facilitating the rapid retraction of the tunneling machine.

[0006] Further preferably, each of the N side blocks is equipped with a widening excavation mechanism, which includes a roller cutter and cutter grooves disposed on the side blocks; the roller cutter is fixed on a cutter shaft, the roller cutter and the cutter shaft are located within the cutter grooves, and the cutter shaft is connected to the cutter grooves via an adjustable lifting mechanism. This widening excavation mechanism increases the excavation diameter through the adjustable lifting mechanism, thereby widening the tunnel cross-section.

[0007] Further preferred, the adjustable lifting mechanism includes a cutter shaft pad, which is fixed in the cutter groove by bolts; when the cutter shaft pad is added, the cutter shaft drives the roller cutter to lift and expand the excavation; this facilitates the folding of the side blocks and avoids interference during folding.

[0008] Further optimization involves dividing the N edge blocks into front-folding edge blocks and rear-folding edge blocks; the center block is a corresponding regular N-sided polygon; the folding drive corresponding to the front-folding edge block is a front-folding drive, and the folding drive corresponding to the rear-folding edge block is a rear-folding drive. A front-to-back cross-folding method is used to avoid spatial interference during the edge blade disc folding process. Each edge blade disc is equipped with an independent hydraulic or mechanical telescopic mechanism to drive the folding action and ensure precise operation.

[0009] In a further preferred embodiment, the front panel of the front folding side block is hinged to the front of the center block via a first hinge joint, the folding surface of the front folding side block is slidably provided with a second hinge joint, the front folding drive is obliquely embedded in the center block and the top of the front folding drive is connected to the second hinge joint.

[0010] In a further preferred embodiment, the folding surface of the front folding block is provided with a groove, the second hinge joint is slidably disposed in the groove, the center block is provided with a mounting groove on one side of the folding surface of the front folding block, and the front folding drive component is a linear telescopic cylinder, which is located in the mounting groove.

[0011] In a further preferred embodiment, the rear part of the rear folding edge block is hinged to the rear part of the center block via a third hinge joint, and the rear folding drive is an arc-shaped drive, with its two ends connected to the back of the rear folding edge block and the back of the center block, respectively.

[0012] Further preferably, the rear-folding drive component includes an arc-shaped fixing part and an arc-shaped telescopic part, which form a semi-circular connection structure and are detachably connected. When retracted, the arc-shaped drive component is in a supporting state, capable of withstanding the reaction force before the cutterhead advances, ensuring structural stability and tunneling safety.

[0013] A tunneling machine includes a separate main unit and a rear support unit, the main unit housing the foldable cutterhead. By folding the side blocks of the foldable cutterhead, the cutterhead retraction diameter is reduced, facilitating rapid retraction of the main unit.

[0014] A tunneling machine includes a separate main unit and a rear support unit. The main unit includes a shield and a foldable cutterhead. By folding the side blocks of the foldable cutterhead, the cutterhead retraction diameter is reduced, facilitating rapid retraction of the main unit.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The foldable cutterhead of this utility model achieves a wide range of diameter changes through flip-folding, which facilitates the rapid extrication and retraction of the tunneling machine equipped with the cutterhead. Moreover, the side blocks achieve cross-folding of the cutterhead inward and outward through corresponding drive components, which is simple to operate, effectively avoids interference during the folding process, and ensures uniform force on the cutterhead in the unfolded state, thus ensuring the cutterhead's excavation capacity.

[0016] This utility model's tunneling machine adopts a split design, separating functions into modular units to reduce the length of a single machine, improve equipment mobility, and adapt to the needs of short-distance tunnel group construction. It also adapts to complex geological conditions, achieving efficient, safe, and intelligent tunneling construction, significantly improving construction efficiency and mobility; providing an innovative solution for mining and tunnel engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the foldable cutter head of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the folding of the front folding side block of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the second hinge joint;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front folding drive unit arrangement;

[0022] Figure 5 A frontal view of the arrangement of the second hinge joint;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the folding of the rear folding edge block of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the foldable cutter head of this utility model in its folded state;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a side view diagram of a trackless flatcar.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a front view schematic diagram of the first working state of the trackless flatcar.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a front view schematic diagram of the second working state of the trackless flatcar.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the front folding side block of the tunneling machine retracting after folding.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the retraction of the rear folding side block of the tunneling machine main unit after folding;

[0030] Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the synchronous retraction of the tunneling machine main unit along with the trackless flatcar.

[0031] Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the interaction between the trackless flatcar and the outdoor walking frame of the tunnel;

[0032] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the tunneling machine main unit in Example 5;

[0033] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment attached to the tunneling machine.

[0034] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation mechanism of a tunneling machine. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a foldable cutterhead includes a central block 1 and N side blocks 2, where N is an even number greater than or equal to 4, and the value of N is generally between 4 and 10, depending on the construction conditions. The N side blocks 2 are sequentially hinged to the outer periphery of the central block 1. Corresponding folding drive components 3 are provided between the N side blocks 2 and the central block 1, meaning there is a one-to-one correspondence between the folding drive components and the side blocks. The folding drive components can use hydraulic or mechanical drives to achieve the folding of the side blocks relative to the central block. Under the action of the corresponding folding drive components 3, the N side blocks 2 fold forward or backward relative to the central block 1, with adjacent side blocks folding in opposite directions. Without interference, the side blocks fold partially forward and partially backward, achieving diameter change while avoiding interference. After diameter change, the cutterhead detaches from the rock wall, facilitating rapid retraction.

[0037] In this embodiment, excavation mechanisms 26 are provided on N side blocks 2, with at least one excavation mechanism on each side block for excavation by the cutterhead; alternatively, excavation mechanisms can be provided on several side blocks, allowing the cutterhead to perform circumferential excavation during rotation. The excavation mechanism 26 in this embodiment includes a roller cutter 261 and a cutter groove 263 on the side block 2; the roller cutter 261 is fixed to a cutter shaft 262, and both the roller cutter 261 and the cutter shaft 262 are located within the cutter groove 263. The cutter shaft 262 is connected to the cutter groove 263 via an adjustable lifting mechanism; the adjustable lifting mechanism can adjust the lifting height of the cutter shaft to achieve adjustable excavation diameter. This excavation mechanism increases the excavation diameter through the adjustable lifting mechanism, thus achieving tunnel cross-section expansion.

[0038] Example 2, as Figure 17 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further optimizes the adjustable lifting mechanism. The adjustable lifting mechanism can use a hydraulic cylinder to lift the cutter shaft, or it can use a pad structure. Preferably, the adjustable lifting mechanism includes a cutter shaft pad 264, which is fixed in the cutter groove 263 by bolts. Adding the cutter shaft pad causes the cutter shaft to lift and expand the excavation, facilitating side block folding and avoiding folding interference. In this embodiment, N=6 is used as an example. Figure 1 , 7 As shown, the N edge blocks 2 are divided into front-folding edge blocks and rear-folding edge blocks. The folding directions of two adjacent edge blocks 2 are opposite. Three edge blocks fold forward to form a front-folding edge block, and three edge blocks fold backward to form a rear-folding edge block. The edge blocks are arranged in a cross-folding layout to avoid interference during the folding process. The six edge blocks work together to reduce the cross-sectional size of the cutter head, achieving the purpose of rapid and efficient diameter change. The center block 1 is the corresponding regular N-sided block. Taking N=6 as an example, the center block is the corresponding regular hexagonal block. The six edge blocks are respectively hinged to the six corresponding sides. In this embodiment, the folding drive 3 corresponding to the front-folding edge block is the front-folding drive 31. The front-folding drive not only provides power for the folding of the front-folding edge block, but also acts as a brake to prevent shaking or displacement during the backward movement. The folding drive 3 corresponding to the rear-folding edge block is the rear-folding drive 32. Similarly, the rear-folding drive not only provides power for the folding of the rear-folding edge block, but also acts as a brake to prevent shaking or displacement during the backward movement. The center block provides core support, and the folding drive ensures the stability and reliability of the folding process.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , 3As shown, in this embodiment, the front panel of the front folding block is hinged to the front of the center block 1 via a first hinge joint 21. The first hinge joint can be a pin structure, and the front folding block rotates around the first hinge joint to complete folding and unfolding. A second hinge joint 22 is slidably provided on the folding surface of the front folding block. The second hinge joint can be a lug + pin structure, satisfying both sliding and hinge requirements, ensuring smooth connection with the front folding drive component, and avoiding interference during the drive process. In this embodiment, the front folding drive component 31 is obliquely embedded in the center block 1 to provide effective drive to the front folding block without affecting the matching of the block and the center block in the unfolded state. The top of the front folding drive component 31 is connected to the second hinge joint 22. The front folding drive component drives the corresponding front folding block to rotate counterclockwise around the first hinge joint via the second hinge joint, completing the forward flipping folding of the front folding block. As a preferred embodiment, the specific structure of the aforementioned front folding block with the second hinge joint slidably provided on the folding surface is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the folding surface of the front folding block is provided with a groove 25, and the second hinge joint 22 is slidably disposed within the groove 25; this allows for sliding within the groove during the ejection process, avoiding interference. Figure 4 As shown, the center block 1 has a mounting groove 11 on one side of the folding surface opposite to the front folding side block. The front folding drive component 31 is a linear telescopic hydraulic cylinder, which is located in the mounting groove 11. This ensures the flatness of the cutterhead before folding; and during tunneling, the extension amount of the telescopic mechanism 4 can be flexibly adjusted to balance the tunneling reaction force and ensure structural stability.

[0040] This embodiment is a preferred solution, such as Figure 6 As shown, the rear of the rear-folding side block is hinged to the rear of the center block 1 via a third hinge joint 23. The third hinge joint 23, similar to the first hinge joint, can be a pin structure. Under the action of the rear-folding drive, the rear-folding side block rotates around the third hinge joint, completing its rearward folding. In this embodiment, the rear-folding drive 32 is an arc-shaped drive, with its two ends connected to the back of the rear-folding side block and the back of the center block 1, respectively. The arc-shaped drive can be driven by arc-shaped hydraulics or by an arc-shaped mechanical structure to provide power and support. Through the retraction of the aforementioned arc-shaped drive, the side cutterhead folds backward; and before folding, the arc-shaped drive is retracted into a supporting state, capable of withstanding the reaction force before the cutterhead advances, ensuring structural stability and tunneling safety.

[0041] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped drive component is used as an example of an arc-shaped mechanical structure. Specifically, the rear-folding drive component 32 includes an arc-shaped fixing part 321 and an arc-shaped telescopic part 322. The arc-shaped telescopic part 322 and the arc-shaped fixing part 321 form a semi-circular connection structure. The arc-shaped telescopic part 322 is fitted inside the arc-shaped fixing part, and the arc-shaped telescopic part 322 and the arc-shaped fixing part 321 are detachably connected. The number of arc-shaped telescopic parts can be set to one or two as needed. When one arc-shaped telescopic part is set, the arc-shaped telescopic part can be fully fitted inside the arc-shaped fixing part. Both are arc structures slightly larger than 1 / 4 circle, forming a semi-circular arc after unfolding. At this time, the overlap between the two can be locked by screws. If both the arc-shaped fixing part 321 and the arc-shaped telescopic part 322 are 1 / 4 circle arc structures, their ends are connected by flanges when unfolded. When two arc-shaped telescopic parts are provided, they are located at both ends of the arc-shaped fixed part 321. The arc-shaped telescopic parts are 1 / 8 circle arc structures, and the arc-shaped fixed parts are slightly larger than 1 / 4 circle arc structures. When unfolded, they form a semi-circular arc. At this time, the overlap between the two can be locked by screws. The aforementioned arc-shaped drive component enables the rear folding edge block to fold and flip 90 degrees, reducing the cross-sectional size of the cutter head. Figure 7 As shown.

[0042] Example 3: A tunneling machine includes a separate main tunneling machine 10 and a rear support system 20. The main tunneling machine 10 includes the foldable cutterhead 100 described in Example 1 or 2. The main tunneling machine 10 is connected to the rear support system 20 via a pipeline connection system. During the tunneling process of the main tunneling machine 10, the pipeline connection system extends synchronously with the main tunneling machine 10. During the tunneling process of the main tunneling system 1, the rear support system 2 remains relatively stationary, while the pipeline connection system 2 gradually extends with the tunneling process of the main tunneling system 1. The main structure of the main tunneling system 1 and the main structure of the rear support system 2 can adopt the main machine and rear support of existing equipment, but the main machine and the rear support are set separately. The main tunneling system is located behind the tunnel face and advances while tunneling. The rear support is located in the main tunnel roadway or assembly chamber and does not move with the tunneling process. The pipeline connection system is used for the transmission of hydraulic oil, electricity, and water. This system is mainly a pipeline structure, which extends continuously with the main machine through the connection of pipelines. This design significantly reduces the length of equipment in the tunnel, reduces tunneling assembly time, improves the mobility of the tunneling machine, and enables rapid tunneling of short-distance rock tunnels.

[0043] In this embodiment, the tunneling machine is suitable for excavating in relatively stable geological formations, and the main tunneling machine does not need to be equipped with a corresponding shield. This reduces the number of shield removal steps during retraction. The auxiliary system includes several self-moving trolleys connected in sequence. Each trolley is equipped with a main control room, hydraulic pump station, water circulation system, and electrical control system. The hydraulic pump station, water circulation system, and electrical control system are connected to the main tunneling machine via pipeline connections. The self-moving trolleys have self-moving capabilities, facilitating rapid equipment relocation. The main control room allows for remote control from outside the tunnel. The hydraulic pump station, water circulation system, and electrical control system enable remote electro-hydraulic supply and control of the split-type tunneling machine. The auxiliary system consists of multiple modular trailers, located outside the tunnel, providing power fluid supply and operational driving functions. The main machine and auxiliary system are connected via long-distance pipelines, enabling centralized control and optimized resource allocation. The separate design of the main machine and auxiliary system significantly reduces equipment length and improves mobility.

[0044] Example 4: A tunneling machine, such as Figure 8 , 9 As shown in Figure 10, during the rapid retraction and transfer process, a trackless flatcar 50 and the tunneling machine described in Example 3 are used. The trackless flatcar 50 includes a lifting support platform 52, with tracked rollers 51 and auxiliary supports 53 on both sides. A lifting balance support 54 is provided at the bottom of the lifting support platform 52. The lifting support platform 52 has pin holes for connection with the main beam of the main machine for bolt connection and fixation, ensuring load-bearing stability. The trackless flatcar 50 performs corresponding actions under the control system. Figure 12 , 13As shown, the lifting support platform 52 adopts a hydraulic jacking structure to lift the entire tunneling machine off the ground, facilitating the retrieval of the cutterhead and shield, and enabling the tunneling machine to retreat. Auxiliary supports 53 are located at the front and rear ends of both sides of the lifting support platform 52, extending to firmly support the trackless flatcar against the roadway ground, providing additional support and preventing the flatcar from tilting or sliding during retreat. Tracked rollers 51 enable the trackless flatcar to move autonomously without tracks, adapting to complex roadway environments. The lifting balance support 54 adopts a hydraulic rod + bottom traveling wheel structure. The control system operates the balance mechanism 54 to open and slightly contact the ground surface, balancing the trackless flatcar and ensuring the stability of the entire tunneling machine during retreat. The auxiliary support mechanism and the balance support work together to provide multi-layered stability protection, preventing tilting or swaying during retreat. The aforementioned trackless flatcar, through its functions of lifting the support platform, extending auxiliary supports, and opening and extending the lifting balance supports, achieves stable lifting and efficient retraction of the entire tunneling machine, solving the problems of large workload, long time consumption, and difficult retraction during traditional retraction processes. In this embodiment, the use of a trackless flatcar significantly reduces the reliance on tracks during traditional retraction processes, making it more adaptable to complex tunnel environments. Automated control achieves stable lifting and efficient movement of the entire tunneling machine, reducing the complexity of manual operation and construction risks. Multiple safeguards from the support and balancing mechanisms ensure the safety and stability of the retraction process.

[0045] During the rapid retraction process of the tunneling machine of this utility model, such as Figure 11 As shown, the foldable cutterhead is folded, and then, through a systematic operation process, the entire tunneling machine is tightly integrated with the trackless flatcar. Utilizing the flatcar's load-bearing, supporting, and balancing functions, the machine is stably lifted and moved. In complex working conditions, the coordinated action of the tunneling machine's support cylinders and propulsion cylinders provides additional retraction force to the trackless flatcar, overcoming jamming problems. The laying of the external walking frame further expands the trackless flatcar's range of motion, ensuring the tunneling machine can safely retract to the designated position, such as... Figure 14 As shown.

[0046] Therefore, this invention solves the problems of large workload and long time consumption in the traditional retraction process, significantly improving construction efficiency. Through a systematic operation process, the tunneling machine can be quickly and safely retracted under complex working conditions. Laying a walking frame outside the tunnel further expands the retraction range, providing convenient conditions for the tunneling machine to be moved to another site for tunneling.

[0047] Example 5, as Figure 15 , 16As shown, a tunneling machine includes a main tunneling machine 10 and a rear support system 20, which are separately configured. The main tunneling machine 10 includes a shield 40 and a foldable cutterhead 100 as described in Embodiment 1 or 2; both the foldable cutterhead 100 and the shield are connected to the main beam 14. In this embodiment, the tunneling machine is equipped with a shield, which can be used for soft rock excavation. The main tunneling machine 10 is connected to the rear support system 20 through a pipeline connection system. During the tunneling process of the main tunneling machine 10, the pipeline connection system extends synchronously with the main tunneling machine 10. During the tunneling process of the main tunneling system 1, the rear support system 2 remains relatively stationary, and the pipeline connection system 3 gradually extends with the tunneling process of the main tunneling system 1. The main structure of the main tunneling system 1 and the main structure of the rear support system 2 can adopt the main machine and rear support of existing equipment, but the main machine and the rear support are separately configured; the main tunneling system is located behind the tunnel face and advances while tunneling. The rear support system is located in the main tunnel roadway or assembly chamber and does not move with the tunneling process; the pipeline connection system is used for the transmission of hydraulic oil, electricity, etc. This design significantly reduces the length of equipment in the tunnel, reduces tunneling assembly time, improves the mobility of the tunneling machine, and enables rapid tunneling of short-distance rock tunnels.

[0048] The auxiliary system includes several self-moving trolleys 21 connected in sequence. Each trolley is equipped with a main control room 22, a hydraulic pump station 23, a water circulation system 24, and an electrical control system 25. The main control room, hydraulic pump station, and water circulation system are connected to the tunneling machine via pipelines. The self-moving trolleys are self-moving, facilitating rapid equipment relocation. The main control room allows for remote control from outside the tunnel. The hydraulic pump station, water circulation system, and electrical control system enable remote electro-hydraulic supply and control of the split-type tunneling machine. The auxiliary system consists of multiple modular trailers, located outside the tunnel, providing power fluid supply and operational functions. The main machine and auxiliary system are connected via long-distance pipelines, enabling centralized control and optimized resource allocation. The separate design of the main machine and auxiliary system significantly reduces equipment length and improves mobility.

[0049] When the tunneling machine retracts, the side blocks of the cutterhead fold and change diameter, the shield body is removed, and the trackless flatcar 50 moves to the underside of the tunneling machine 10 and bears the load on the tunneling machine 10. The trackless flatcar 50 carrying the tunneling machine 10 is controlled by the control system to retract synchronously and quickly, thereby improving the efficiency of the tunneling machine's rapid retraction.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A foldable cutter head, characterized in that: It includes a center block (1) and N side blocks (2), where N is an even number greater than or equal to 4. The N side blocks (2) are hinged to the outer periphery of the center block (1) in sequence. There are corresponding folding drive components (3) between the N side blocks (2) and the center block (1). Under the action of the corresponding folding drive components (3), the N side blocks (2) flip and fold forward or backward relative to the center block (1). The folding directions of two adjacent side blocks (2) are opposite.

2. The foldable cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: N side blocks (2) are provided with a digging mechanism (26), the digging mechanism (26) includes a roller cutter (261) and a cutter groove (263) provided on the side block (2); the roller cutter (261) is fixed on the cutter shaft (262), the roller cutter (261) and the cutter shaft (262) are located in the cutter groove (263), and the cutter shaft (262) is connected to the cutter groove (263) through an adjustable lifting mechanism.

3. The foldable cutter head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustable lifting mechanism includes a cutter shaft pad (264), which is fixed in the cutter groove (263) by bolts. When the cutter shaft pad (264) is added, the cutter shaft (262) drives the roller cutter (261) to lift and expand the excavation.

4. The foldable cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The N edge blocks (2) are divided into front folding edge blocks and back folding edge blocks; the center block (1) is the corresponding regular N-sided block; the folding drive (3) corresponding to the front folding edge block is the front folding drive (31), and the folding drive (3) corresponding to the back folding edge block is the back folding drive (32).

5. The foldable cutter head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front panel of the front folding block is hinged to the front of the center block (1) via a first hinge joint (21). The folding surface of the front folding block is slidably provided with a second hinge joint (22). The front folding drive (31) is obliquely embedded in the center block (1) and the top of the front folding drive (31) is connected to the second hinge joint (22).

6. The foldable cutter head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The folding surface of the front folding block is provided with a groove (25), and the second hinge joint (22) is slidably disposed in the groove (25). The center block (1) is provided with an installation groove (11) on one side of the folding surface of the front folding block. The front folding drive component (31) is a linear telescopic cylinder, which is located in the installation groove (11).

7. The foldable cutter head according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The rear part of the rear folding edge block is hinged to the rear part of the center block (1) through the third hinge joint (23). The rear folding drive (32) is an arc-shaped drive, and the two ends of the arc-shaped drive are respectively connected to the back of the rear folding edge block and the back of the center block (1).

8. The foldable cutter head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rear folding drive (32) includes an arc-shaped fixing part (321) and an arc-shaped telescopic part (322). The arc-shaped telescopic part (322) and the arc-shaped fixing part (321) form a semi-circular connection structure, and the arc-shaped telescopic part (322) and the arc-shaped fixing part (321) are detachably connected.

9. A tunneling machine, characterized in that: It includes a separate tunneling machine main unit (10) and a rear support unit (20), wherein the tunneling machine main unit (10) includes the foldable cutterhead (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A tunneling machine, characterized in that: It includes a separate tunneling machine main unit (10) and a rear support unit (20), the tunneling machine main unit (10) includes a shield (40) and a foldable cutterhead (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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