Tool for improving the roughness of a cold-worked surface

Abstract

The utility model discloses improve the tool cold working surface roughness auxiliary tool, and specifically related to machining technical field, including small -size extrusion tool, small -size extrusion tool includes with the tool holder or milling machine main shaft connection's tool concrete, the inside of tool concrete is provided with the placing groove, the inside of placing groove is equipped with the rolling pressure subassembly, is used for the metal surface after tool cutting to carry out rolling extrusion finishing treatment, rolling pressure subassembly includes the bearing of embedding in the placing groove. The utility model discloses by setting up by the tool concrete, high -hardness smooth ball, rolling pressure support ring, connecting shaft and bearing constitute small -size extrusion tool, when using, utilize extrusion principle, the metal surface after tool cutting carries out rolling extrusion finishing treatment, can improve the surface roughness to Ra0.4 and above, effectively breaks through the precision bottleneck of traditional tool cutting, and its use flexibility is strong, and the tool concrete handle part can adapt the tool holder of lathe and milling machine main shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, specifically to an auxiliary tool for improving the surface roughness of cutting tools during cold machining. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern mechanical manufacturing, the machining quality of parts directly affects the performance and service life of products. As one of the key indicators for measuring machining quality, the surface roughness of cold-worked tools is becoming increasingly important. In the turning process of mechanical cold working, the relative movement between the tool and the workpiece surface and the change of cutting parameters will cause the machined surface to form a specific micro-geometry.

[0003] However, traditional cutting processes have significant limitations in the machining of machine parts. When conventional tools cut metal surfaces, the surface roughness accuracy can usually only reach Ra1.6 at most. When higher surface roughness accuracy is required, such as Ra0.8 or Ra0.4, post-processing processes such as grinding and lapping must be relied upon. Secondly, for special parts with compact structures and narrow spacing, these grinding wheel-dependent machining methods also face difficulties. Due to the limitation of the width and size of the grinding wheel, it is difficult to penetrate into the complex internal structure of the part for machining. As a result, even if the technical requirements for high-precision surface roughness are proposed in the design, they cannot be effectively achieved in actual production. This not only seriously restricts the manufacturing quality and efficiency of precision parts, but also makes it difficult for the product to achieve ideal performance and assembly accuracy. Therefore, an auxiliary tool for improving the surface roughness of cold-working tools is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary tool for improving the surface roughness of cold-worked cutting tools, thereby addressing the aforementioned shortcomings in the technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary tool for improving the surface roughness of a cold-worked cutting tool, including a small extrusion tool. The small extrusion tool includes a tool body connected to the tool post of a lathe or the spindle of a milling machine. The tool body has a placement groove inside, and a rolling assembly is provided inside the placement groove for performing rolling extrusion finishing on the metal surface after cutting by the cutting tool.

[0006] Preferably, the rolling assembly includes a bearing embedded in a placement groove, a rolling support ring is sleeved on the outside of the bearing, and a high-hardness smooth ball is provided on one side of the rolling support ring. The high-hardness smooth ball makes rolling contact with the surface to be processed, and in conjunction with the rotation characteristics of the bearing, it achieves extrusion and finishing of the metal surface. The inner shaft hole of the bearing is connected to a connecting shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the outer wall of the blade body is provided with a shaft groove, which is located outside the placement groove.

[0008] Specifically, in use, the shank of the tool body is mounted on the tool post of a lathe or the spindle of a milling machine to flexibly adapt to different processing equipment. When mounted on the tool post of a lathe, it is necessary to ensure that the horizontal axis of the high-hardness smooth sphere intersects with the axis of the workpiece being machined, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of the rolling extrusion. If mounted on the spindle of a milling machine, the shank of the tool body should be designed as a corresponding Morse taper shank, using the taper surface fit to achieve high-precision positioning and reliable connection. Before the rolling operation, wear-resistant oil needs to be injected into the auxiliary tool through the wear-resistant oil nozzle to ensure sufficient adhesion between the high-hardness smooth sphere and the metal surface of the workpiece. The first oil film prevents direct contact between the two, thus avoiding wear on the high-hardness smooth ball and effectively extending its service life. As the rolling process continues, a second oil film is formed between the rolling support ring and the high-hardness smooth ball, further reducing frictional resistance. To avoid damaging the part's dimensions and surface quality, the surface pressure value of the part must be strictly controlled during rolling. Generally, after the high-hardness smooth ball contacts the part surface, the feed rate should be increased by 0.01-0.03 mm. The specific feed rate needs to be flexibly adjusted according to the actual surface condition of the part. Usually, the lower the surface roughness requirement of the part, the larger the feed rate should be.

[0009] Through the above technical solution:

[0010] Using the tool body as a carrier, through the synergistic action of the high-hardness smooth sphere, the rolling support ring, and other components, the metal surface after cutting is subjected to rolling extrusion finishing treatment using the extrusion principle. This can improve the surface roughness to Ra0.4 or higher, breaking through the bottleneck of traditional cutting accuracy. The shank of the tool body is adapted to a lathe tool post or a milling machine spindle (when installed on a lathe, the axis of the sphere intersects with the axis of the workpiece; when milling, a Morse taper shank is used). The installation is stable and flexible. Before rolling, wear-resistant oil is injected to form an oil film, which avoids sphere wear and reduces friction. This auxiliary tool has a simple structure and good manufacturability. Compared with traditional grinding / lamination, it solves the problem of machining complex structures and improves the surface quality and production efficiency of precision parts.

[0011] Preferably, the blade body is divided into a first block and a second block, and the first block is used to integrate and install the rolling assembly.

[0012] Preferably, a universal joint is provided at the connection between the first block and the second block to realize flexible connection and power transmission between the two components, so that the rolling component on the first block has an angular offset capability within 30 degrees. The universal joint includes a cross-shaped universal joint between the first block and the second block. The cross-shaped universal joint has a cross-shaped shaft structure, and the two ends of the X-axis of the cross-shaped universal joint are rotatably connected to a first fork-shaped joint, and the two ends of the Y-axis of the cross-shaped universal joint are rotatably connected to a second fork-shaped joint.

[0013] Preferably, the universal drive assembly further includes a groove formed at one end of the second block near the first block, a connecting seat fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove, a first connecting shaft connected to one end of the connecting seat, a first connecting shaft fixedly connected to the end of the first connecting shaft away from the connecting seat, a second connecting shaft fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second fork-shaped joint, a connecting end block connected to the end of the second connecting shaft away from the second fork-shaped joint, and the connecting end block being embedded in the end of the first block.

[0014] Through the above technical solution:

[0015] In use, the cross-shaped universal joint connected by the first fork-shaped connector and the second fork-shaped connector rigidly connects the first block and the second block, enabling the rolling assembly on the first block to have an angular offset capability within 30 degrees. This allows it to adapt to the rolling processing requirements of non-coaxial internal holes (such as cross holes and oblique holes). The flexible connection structure of the universal drive assembly allows the rolling assembly to achieve multi-directional oscillation in three-dimensional space, breaking through the coaxial processing limitations of traditional fixed rolling tools. This allows the fixture to penetrate into complex cavity structures to perform surface finishing of curved surfaces and cross holes. At the same time, through the angle compensation characteristics of the universal joint, multi-directional hole processing can be completed in one clamping. The 30-degree offset range covers mainstream non-coaxial hole scenarios, greatly improving the processing efficiency of complex parts. Furthermore, the three-dimensional oscillation ensures that the rolling head is perpendicular to the processing surface, accurately controlling the feed rate and stably achieving a surface roughness of Ra0.4 and above.

[0016] Preferably, two sets of limiting components are symmetrically connected to the outer side of the second fork-shaped connector. The two sets of limiting components include two side blocks symmetrically fixedly connected to the end of the first fork-shaped connector, and each of the two side blocks is connected to a limiting block near the side wall of the second fork-shaped connector.

[0017] Specifically, when the skew angle of the rolling assembly reaches 30 degrees, the limiting block on the side block contacts the side wall of the second fork joint, which can act as a block to prevent further deviation. This operation not only provides angular boundary protection for the universal drive assembly, avoiding collision damage between the rolling assembly and the workpiece due to excessive skew, but also prevents the cross-shaped universal joint from being damaged by excessive torque, ensuring that the auxiliary fixture can maintain structural integrity and motion stability under extreme working conditions. At the same time, it also controls the motion trajectory of the rolling assembly, so that the surface roughness is always maintained at a high precision standard of Ra0.4 or above.

[0018] The technical effects and advantages provided by this utility model in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0019] 1. By using a small extrusion tool consisting of a tool body, a high-hardness smooth sphere, a rolling support ring, a connecting shaft, and bearings, this tool utilizes the extrusion principle to perform rolling extrusion finishing on the metal surface after cutting, improving the surface roughness to Ra0.4 and above. This effectively overcomes the precision bottleneck of traditional tool cutting. It offers high flexibility in use; the tool body shank is adaptable to lathe tool post and milling machine spindle. When mounted on a lathe, the horizontal axis of the high-hardness smooth sphere precisely intersects with the axis of the workpiece being machined. When mounted on a milling machine spindle, the shank is designed with a Morse taper to ensure a stable connection. Furthermore, during operation... In terms of process, before rolling, wear-resistant oil is injected to form an oil film, which can not only avoid excessive wear of the high-hardness smooth ball, but also reduce frictional resistance. By precisely controlling the surface pressure, the high-hardness smooth ball contacts the part and achieves finishing with a micro-feed of 0.01-0.03mm. The feed rate can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual surface conditions of the part. While ensuring the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the part, it achieves efficient processing. In addition, the auxiliary tool has a simple structure and good manufacturability. Compared with traditional grinding and lapping processes, it effectively solves the processing problems of complex structural parts and significantly improves the surface processing quality and production efficiency of precision parts.

[0020] 2. By setting up a universal joint drive assembly, a flexible connection structure is formed at the connection between the two parts of the auxiliary tool body. During use, the rolling assembly on the first body has an angular offset capability within 30°, which can adapt to the rolling processing requirements of non-coaxial internal holes such as cross holes and oblique holes. This structure allows the rolling assembly to swing in multiple directions in three-dimensional space, breaking through the coaxial processing limitations of traditional fixed rolling tools. It can penetrate into complex cavities to perform finishing processing on curved surfaces and cross channels. Its advantages are: by utilizing the angle compensation characteristics of the universal joint, continuous processing of multi-directional hole systems can be completed without multiple clamping. At the same time, the 30° offset range covers most non-coaxial hole processing scenarios, significantly improving the processing efficiency of complex parts. Secondly, the three-dimensional swing capability ensures that the rolling head is always perpendicular to the processing surface, and the feed rate can be precisely controlled in inclined channels, ensuring that the surface roughness is stably Ra0.4 and above. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the assistive device of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the blade of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rolling support ring of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary fixture of this utility model installed on a lathe.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary fixture of this utility model installed on a milling machine;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the formation of a sufficient oil film between the high-hardness smooth sphere and the metal surface of the component of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the universal transmission assembly and the blade of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 9 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the universal transmission assembly of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 10 This is the second schematic diagram of the universal transmission assembly of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 11 This is the third schematic diagram of the universal transmission assembly of this utility model.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 1. Tool body; 101. First block; 102. Second block; 2. Placement groove; 3. Bearing; 4. Connecting shaft; 5. Rolled support ring; 6. High-hardness smooth ball; 7. Shaft groove; 8. Morse taper shank; 9. First oil film; 10. Wear-resistant oil nozzle; 11. Second oil film; 12. Universal drive assembly; 121. Groove; 122. Connecting seat; 123. First connecting shaft; 124. First fork joint; 125. Cross-shaft universal joint; 126. Second fork joint; 127. Second connecting shaft; 128. Connecting end block; 13. Limiting assembly; 131. Side block; 132. Limiting block. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This utility model provides, for example Figures 1-7 The tooling shown includes:

[0037] A small extrusion tool includes a tool body 1 connected to the tool post of a lathe or the spindle of a milling machine. The tool body 1 has a placement groove 2 inside, and a rolling assembly is provided inside the placement groove 2 for rolling extrusion finishing of the metal surface after cutting by the tool.

[0038] The rolling assembly includes a bearing 3 embedded in the placement groove 2, a rolling support ring 5 on the outside of the bearing 3, a high-hardness smooth ball 6 on one side of the rolling support ring 5, the high-hardness smooth ball 6 makes rolling contact with the surface to be processed, and in conjunction with the rotation characteristics of the bearing 3, achieves extrusion and finishing of the metal surface, and a connecting shaft 4 is connected to the inner shaft hole of the bearing 3.

[0039] The outer wall of the blade body 1 is provided with a shaft groove 7, which is located on the outside of the placement groove 2.

[0040] Specifically, in use, the shank of the tool body 1 is mounted on the tool post of a lathe or the spindle of a milling machine to flexibly adapt to different processing equipment. When mounted on the tool post of a lathe, it is necessary to ensure that the horizontal axis of the high-hardness smooth ball 6 intersects with the axis of the workpiece being machined, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of the rolling extrusion. If mounted on the spindle of a milling machine, the shank of the tool body 1 should be designed as a corresponding Morse taper shank 8, using the taper surface fit to achieve high-precision positioning and reliable connection. Before the rolling operation, wear-resistant oil needs to be injected into the auxiliary tool through the wear-resistant oil nozzle 10 to ensure that the high-hardness smooth ball 6 and the metal surface of the workpiece are fully bonded. The first oil film 9 prevents direct contact between the two, thus avoiding wear on the high-hardness smooth ball 6 and effectively extending its service life. As the rolling process continues, a second oil film 11 is formed between the rolling support ring 5 and the high-hardness smooth ball 6, further reducing frictional resistance. To avoid damaging the part's dimensions and surface quality, the surface pressure value of the part must be strictly controlled during rolling. Generally, after the high-hardness smooth ball 6 contacts the part surface, the feed rate should be increased by 0.01-0.03 mm. The specific feed rate needs to be flexibly adjusted according to the actual surface condition of the part. Usually, the lower the surface roughness requirement of the part, the larger the feed rate should be.

[0041] Through the above technical solution:

[0042] Using the tool body 1 as a carrier, through the coordinated action of components such as the high-hardness smooth ball 6 and the rolling support ring 5, the metal surface after cutting by the tool is rolled and extruded for finishing using the extrusion principle. This can improve the surface roughness to Ra0.4 and above, breaking through the bottleneck of traditional cutting accuracy. The shank of the tool body 1 is compatible with lathe tool post or milling machine spindle (when installed on a lathe, the axis of the ball intersects with the axis of the part; when milling, a Morse taper shank is used). The installation is stable and flexible. Before rolling, wear-resistant oil is injected to form an oil film, which avoids ball wear and reduces friction. This auxiliary tool has a simple structure and good manufacturability. Compared with traditional grinding / lamination, it solves the problem of machining complex structures and improves the surface quality and production efficiency of precision parts.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] like Figures 8-11 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the whole blade body 1 is split into two parts.

[0045] Specifically, the blade body 1 is divided into a first block 101 and a second block 102. The first block 101 is used to integrate and install the rolling assembly.

[0046] A universal joint 12 is provided at the connection between the first block 101 and the second block 102 to realize flexible connection and power transmission between the two components, so that the rolling component on the first block 101 has an angular offset capability within 30 degrees. The universal joint 12 includes a cross-shaped universal joint 125 located between the first block 101 and the second block 102. The cross-shaped universal joint 125 has a cross-shaped shaft structure, and the two ends of the X-axis of the cross-shaped universal joint 125 are rotatably connected to the first fork-shaped joint 124, and the two ends of the Y-axis of the cross-shaped universal joint 125 are rotatably connected to the second fork-shaped joint 126.

[0047] The universal drive assembly 12 also includes a groove 121 formed at one end of the second block 102 near the first block 101. A connecting seat 122 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove 121. A first connecting shaft 123 is connected to one end of the connecting seat 122. The end of the first connecting shaft 123 away from the connecting seat 122 is fixedly connected to a first fork-shaped connector 124. A second connecting shaft 127 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second fork-shaped connector 126. A connecting end block 128 is connected to the end of the second connecting shaft 127 away from the second fork-shaped connector 126. The connecting end block 128 is embedded in the end of the first block 101.

[0048] Through the above technical solution:

[0049] In use, the cross-shaped universal joint 125, connected by the first fork joint 124 and the second fork joint 126, rigidly connects the first block 101 and the second block 102, enabling the rolling assembly on the first block 101 to achieve an angular offset capability within 30 degrees. This allows it to adapt to the rolling processing requirements of non-coaxial internal holes (such as cross holes and oblique holes). The flexible connection structure of the universal drive assembly 12 allows the rolling assembly to achieve multi-directional oscillation in three-dimensional space, breaking through the coaxial processing limitations of traditional fixed rolling tools. This enables the auxiliary tool to penetrate into complex cavity structures for surface finishing of curved surfaces and cross holes. At the same time, through the angle compensation characteristics of the universal joint, multi-directional hole processing can be completed in one clamping. The 30-degree offset range covers mainstream non-coaxial hole scenarios, significantly improving the processing efficiency of complex parts. Furthermore, the three-dimensional oscillation ensures that the rolling head is perpendicular to the processing surface, accurately controlling the feed rate and stably achieving a surface roughness of Ra0.4 and above.

[0050] Further, see Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, two sets of limiting components 13 are symmetrically connected to the outer side of the second fork-shaped connector 126. The two sets of limiting components 13 include two side blocks 131 symmetrically fixed to the end of the first fork-shaped connector 124. Each of the two side blocks 131 is connected to a limiting block 132 near the side wall of the second fork-shaped connector 126.

[0051] Specifically, when the skew angle of the rolling assembly reaches 30 degrees, the limiting block 132 on the side block 131 contacts the side wall of the second fork joint 126, which can act as a block to prevent further deviation. This operation not only provides angular boundary protection for the universal drive assembly 12 to avoid collision damage between the rolling assembly and the workpiece due to excessive skew, but also prevents the cross shaft universal joint 125 from being damaged by excessive torque, ensuring that the auxiliary fixture can still maintain structural integrity and motion stability under extreme working conditions. At the same time, it also controls the motion trajectory of the rolling assembly, so that the surface roughness is always maintained at a high precision standard of Ra0.4 and above.

Claims

1. An auxiliary tool for improving the surface roughness of cold-worked cutting tools, characterized in that, include: A small extrusion tool, the small extrusion tool including a tool body (1) connected to the tool post of a lathe or the spindle of a milling machine, wherein the tool body (1) has a placement groove (2) inside; The placement groove (2) is equipped with a rolling assembly for rolling extrusion finishing of the metal surface after cutting by the tool; The rolling assembly includes a bearing (3) embedded in the placement groove (2), and a rolling support ring (5) is provided on the outside of the bearing (3). A high-hardness smooth ball (6) is provided on one side of the rolling support ring (5).

2. The tooling fixture for improving the surface roughness of cold-worked cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-hardness smooth sphere (6) makes rolling contact with the surface to be processed, and in conjunction with the rotation characteristics of the bearing (3), it achieves extrusion finishing of the metal surface. The inner shaft hole of the bearing (3) is connected to a connecting shaft (4).

3. The tooling for improving the surface roughness of cold-worked cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the blade body (1) is provided with a shaft groove (7), which is located on the outside of the placement groove (2).

4. The tooling for improving the surface roughness of cold-worked cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade body (1) is divided into a first block (101) and a second block (102), and the first block (101) is used to integrate and install the rolling assembly.

5. The tooling for improving the surface roughness of cold-worked cutting tools according to claim 4, characterized in that: A universal drive assembly (12) is provided at the connection between the first block (101) and the second block (102) to realize flexible connection and power transmission between the two components, so that the rolling assembly on the first block (101) has an angular offset capability within 30 degrees. The universal drive assembly (12) includes a cross-shaped universal joint (125) between the first block (101) and the second block (102). The cross-shaped universal joint (125) has a cross-shaped shaft structure, and the two ends of the X-axis of the cross-shaped universal joint (125) are rotatably connected to a first fork-shaped connector (124), and the two ends of the Y-axis of the cross-shaped universal joint (125) are rotatably connected to a second fork-shaped connector (126).

6. The tooling for improving the surface roughness of cold-worked cutting tools according to claim 5, characterized in that: The universal drive assembly (12) further includes a groove (121) formed at one end of the second block (102) near the first block (101). A connecting seat (122) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove (121). A first connecting shaft (123) is connected to one end of the connecting seat (122). The end of the first connecting shaft (123) away from the connecting seat (122) is fixedly connected to a first fork-shaped connector (124). A second connecting shaft (127) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second fork-shaped connector (126). A connecting end block (128) is connected to the end of the second connecting shaft (127) away from the second fork-shaped connector (126). The connecting end block (128) is embedded in the end of the first block (101).

7. The tooling for improving the surface roughness of cold-worked cutting tools according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two sets of limiting components (13) are symmetrically connected to the outer side of the second fork-shaped connector (126). The two sets of limiting components (13) include two side blocks (131) symmetrically fixed to the end of the first fork-shaped connector (124). The two side blocks (131) are connected to the side wall of the second fork-shaped connector (126) with limiting blocks (132).

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