Metallographic sample grinding clamp and automatic grinding and polishing machine

Abstract

This utility model discloses a metallographic sample clamp and an automatic grinding and polishing machine in the field of metal material grinding and polishing equipment. It includes a central rotating shaft and a fixed support connected to the bottom end of the central rotating shaft. Several symmetrical threaded support cylinders are arranged around the central rotating shaft on the fixed support. Inside each threaded support cylinder, a T-shaped top and a nut top are arranged sequentially in the assembly direction. A pressure-holding spring is provided between the T-shaped top and the nut top. The rod head of the T-shaped top slides within the central hole of the nut top. The nut top and the threaded support cylinders are connected by threads. The lower end of the T-shaped top and the inner wall of the threaded support cylinder form a protective structure for placing the metal-mounted sample. The fixed support has through holes corresponding to the positions of the threaded support cylinders for the metal-mounted sample to contact the grinding disc. This simple mechanical structure achieves stable sample clamping and automatic grinding and polishing without the need for external pneumatic or other forces, reducing sample preparation costs and improving testing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metal material grinding and polishing equipment, specifically to a metallographic grinding sample fixture and an automatic grinding and polishing machine. Background Technology

[0002] To observe the metallographic structure of metallic materials, the sample needs to be pretreated by grinding, polishing and etching. Grinding and polishing of metal samples is time-consuming and laborious, and manual grinding and polishing of samples is usually affected by human factors and the results are not good.

[0003] Currently available automatic grinding and polishing machines rely on external forces such as pneumatics and hydraulics for clamping during the process. Taking pneumatic clamping fixtures as an example, these fixtures typically consist of a cylinder, a fixture body, and clamping surfaces. During operation, compressed air supplied by an external air source drives the piston inside the cylinder, thereby generating clamping force to fix the sample. While pneumatic fixtures offer advantages such as rapid response and convenient operation, enabling quick clamping and release and significantly improving work efficiency, and the clamping force can be controlled by adjusting the input air pressure, adapting to metal samples of various sizes and shapes, these fixtures have very high requirements for the stability of the air source. Once the air source pressure fluctuates, it may lead to unstable clamping force, causing sample displacement during the grinding and polishing process and affecting the grinding and polishing accuracy. In addition, to maintain a stable air source, additional auxiliary equipment such as air compressors and air tanks are required, which not only significantly increases the equipment cost but also makes the entire workspace layout more complex and significantly increases the space requirements of the work area.

[0004] Besides relying on external clamping methods, some automatic polishing machines have overly complex mechanical structures. To achieve diverse polishing functions, these machines often contain numerous transmission components, complex linkage mechanisms, and precise adjustment devices within their internal mechanical structures. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metallographic grinding sample fixture and an automatic grinding and polishing machine, which solves the problem of existing automatic grinding and polishing machines fixing metal samples by relying on external force.

[0006] This utility model achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A metallographic grinding fixture includes a central rotating shaft and a fixed bracket connected to the bottom end of the central rotating shaft. The fixed bracket is provided with a plurality of symmetrical threaded support cylinders around the central rotating shaft.

[0008] Inside the threaded support cylinder, a T-shaped top and a nut top are arranged sequentially in the assembly direction. A pressure-holding spring is provided between the T-shaped top and the nut top. The rod head of the T-shaped top slides in the central hole of the nut top. The nut top and the threaded support cylinder are connected by threads. The lower end of the T-shaped top and the inner wall of the threaded support cylinder form a protective structure for placing the metal-mounted sample. The fixed bracket has a through hole corresponding to the position of the threaded support cylinder for the metal-mounted sample to contact the grinding disc.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the central rotating shaft is threadedly connected with a variable diameter locking sleeve and a limiting nut, and the limiting nut is located above the variable diameter locking sleeve.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a locking structure is provided below the variable diameter locking sleeve, which is used to insert into the threaded support cylinder and contact and fix the metal-embedded sample when the variable diameter locking sleeve moves upward.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a slot is provided on the outer wall near the bottom of the threaded support cylinder for inserting the locking structure into the threaded support cylinder; a locking groove is provided on the outer wall of the metal inlaid sample for inserting the locking structure into contact with and fixing it to the metal inlaid sample.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the locking structure includes a connecting rod and a locking piece located at one end of the connecting rod. The upper end of the connecting rod is located inside the variable diameter lock sleeve. A return spring is provided between the connecting rod and the threaded support cylinder to reset the connecting rod when the variable diameter lock sleeve moves upward, so that the locking piece is inserted into the locking groove.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, rollers are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the connecting rod, and slides for the rollers to slide are provided on the inner wall of the variable diameter locking sleeve and the outer wall of the central rotating shaft.

[0014] An automatic grinding and polishing machine includes a grinding disc and a rotary drive, and also includes the aforementioned metallographic grinding sample fixture, wherein the upper end of the central rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the rotary drive.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model can achieve stable clamping of samples and automatic grinding and polishing without the need for external forces such as pneumatics by using simple mechanical structures such as threaded support cylinder, T-shaped top head, spring, and nut top head, thereby reducing sample preparation costs and improving testing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the metallographic grinding sample fixture of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the metallographic grinding sample fixture in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the metallographic grinding sample fixture of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the metallographic grinding sample fixture in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 For the present utility model Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 6 For the present utility model Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the metal inlaid specimen of this utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Grinding disc; 2. Metal inlaid sample; 3. Fixed bracket; 4. Threaded support cylinder; 4.1. Slot; 5. T-shaped top; 6. Pressure holding spring; 7. Nut top; 8. Central rotating shaft; 9. Locking structure; 9.1. Connecting rod; 9.2. Roller; 9.3. Locking plate; 10. Return spring; 11. Variable diameter locking sleeve; 12. Limiting nut. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the metallographic sample fixture of this embodiment is applied to an automatic grinding and polishing machine. The automatic grinding and polishing machine includes a grinding disc 1 (mounted on a turntable) and a rotation drive (high-speed motor). The metallographic sample fixture includes a central rotating shaft 8 and a fixed bracket 3 connected to the bottom end of the central rotating shaft 8. The fixed bracket 3 is located above one side radius of the grinding disc 1, which can make full and effective use of the sandpaper or polishing cloth on the grinding disc over a larger area. Six symmetrical threaded support cylinders 4 are arranged around the central rotating shaft 8 on the fixed bracket 3, which can grind and polish six metal inlay samples at a time to significantly improve sample preparation efficiency. The upper end of the central rotating shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the rotation drive to provide rotational power.

[0027] Inside the threaded support cylinder 4, a T-shaped top 5 and a nut top 7 are arranged sequentially in the assembly direction. A pressure-holding spring 6 is provided between the T-shaped top 5 and the nut top 7. The rod head of the T-shaped top 5 slides in the central hole of the nut top 7 (the central hole can smoothly pass through the rod head of the T-shaped top 5). The nut top 7 and the threaded support cylinder 4 are connected by threads (through the external thread of the nut top 7 and the internal thread of the threaded support cylinder 4). The metal-embedded sample 2 is pressed into the fixed bracket 3 from the top of the threaded support cylinder 4 by the T-shaped top 5. The lower end of the T-shaped top 5 and the inner wall of the threaded support cylinder 4 form a protective structure for placing the metal-embedded sample 2. The fixed bracket 3 has a through hole corresponding to the position of the threaded support cylinder 4 for the metal-embedded sample 2 to contact the grinding disc 1.

[0028] In use, after the metal inlaid sample 2 is pressed into the threaded support cylinder 4, the round head of the T-shaped top 5 is used to continue pressing the metal inlaid sample 2 until it passes through the fixed bracket 3 and contacts the grinding disc 1. Then, the pressure holding spring 6 is sleeved on the rod of the T-shaped top 5, and the nut top 7 is manually screwed into the threaded support cylinder 4 until it can no longer be turned. Then, the hollow long rod sleeve is sleeved on the outer hexagonal nut on the top of the nut top 7, and the nut top 7 is tightened with a fixed torque wrench. The high-speed motors of the turntable and the central shaft 8 of the automatic grinding and polishing machine are turned on, so that the grinding disc 1 and the shaft 8 rotate simultaneously, and the machine realizes automatic grinding and polishing.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] In this embodiment, the grinding disc 1 has a diameter of 250 mm, the metal inlaid sample 2 has a diameter of 25 mm, and the fixing bracket 3 has a diameter of 100 mm. Figure 7 As shown, a locking groove 2.1 with a depth of 2 mm is formed on the cylindrical surface at the bottom 15 mm of the metal inlaid sample 2; as Figure 5 As shown, there is a slot 4.1 5mm below the threaded support cylinder 4.

[0031] like Figure 3-4 As shown, in this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, a variable diameter locking sleeve 11 and a limiting nut 12 are threadedly connected to the central rotating shaft 8, with the limiting nut 12 located above the variable diameter locking sleeve 11. A locking structure 9 is provided below the variable diameter locking sleeve 11, used to insert into the threaded support cylinder 4 and contact and fix the metal-embedded sample 2 when the variable diameter locking sleeve 11 moves upward. A slot 4.1 is used for the locking structure 9 to insert into the threaded support cylinder 4; a locking groove 2.1 is used for the locking structure 9 to insert into and contact and fix the metal-embedded sample 2.

[0032] like Figure 5-6As shown, the locking structure 9 includes a connecting rod 9.1 and a locking piece 9.3 located at one end of the connecting rod 9.1. The upper end of the connecting rod 9.1 is located inside the variable diameter lock sleeve 11. A return spring 10 is provided between the connecting rod 9.1 and the threaded support cylinder 4, which is used to reset the connecting rod 9.1 when the variable diameter lock sleeve 11 moves upward, so that the locking piece 9.3 is inserted into the locking groove 2.1.

[0033] When it is necessary to change to a different grit sandpaper or polishing cloth grinding disc, after adjusting the limit nut 12, move the variable diameter locking sleeve 11 upward. At this time, under the action of the return spring 10, the top of the connecting rod 9.1 is released from the restraint of the variable diameter locking sleeve 11 and moves relative to the central rotating shaft 8. The front end of the locking piece 9.3 moves along the slot 4.1 of the threaded support cylinder 4 to the locking groove 2.1 of the metal inlaid sample 2. In this way, when the central rotating shaft 8 is lifted, the metal inlaid sample 2 can be locked so that it is not ejected by the pressure holding spring 6, thereby realizing quick replacement without disassembling the metal inlaid sample 2.

[0034] Furthermore, rollers 9.2 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the connecting rod 9.1, and slides for the rollers 9.2 are provided on the inner wall of the variable diameter locking sleeve 11 and the outer wall of the central rotating shaft 8. These slides are distributed in a 60° circumferential direction. Although not shown in the figure, it can be understood that the slides for the rollers 9.2 are long grooves or grooves formed by two protruding edges, which can achieve the functions of sliding and limiting. After adjusting the limiting nut 12, the variable diameter locking sleeve 11 is moved up. At this time, under the action of the return spring 10, the roller at the top of the locking piece 9.3 moves along the slide of the variable diameter locking sleeve 11, and the roller at the bottom moves on the slide of the central rotating shaft 8. The front end of the locking piece 9.3 moves along the slot 4.1 of the threaded support cylinder 4 to the locking groove 2.1 of the inserted metal inlaid sample 2.

[0035] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A metallographic sample grinding fixture, characterized in that, It includes a central rotating shaft (8) and a fixed bracket (3) connected to the bottom end of the central rotating shaft (8). The fixed bracket (3) is provided with a number of symmetrical threaded support cylinders (4) around the central rotating shaft (8). The threaded support cylinder (4) is provided with a T-shaped top (5) and a nut top (7) arranged in sequence according to the assembly direction. A pressure-holding spring (6) is provided between the T-shaped top (5) and the nut top (7). The rod head of the T-shaped top (5) slides in the center hole of the nut top (7). The nut top (7) and the threaded support cylinder (4) are connected by threads. The lower end of the T-shaped top (5) and the inner wall of the threaded support cylinder (4) form a protective structure for placing the metal inlaid sample (2). The fixed bracket (3) is provided with a through hole corresponding to the position of the threaded support cylinder (4) for the metal inlaid sample (2) to contact the grinding disc (1).

2. The metallographic sample grinding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central rotating shaft (8) is threaded with a variable diameter locking sleeve (11) and a limiting nut (12), and the limiting nut (12) is located above the variable diameter locking sleeve (11).

3. A metallographic sample grinding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower part of the variable diameter locking sleeve (11) is provided with a locking structure (9), which is used to insert into the threaded support cylinder (4) and contact and fix the metal inlaid sample (2) when the variable diameter locking sleeve (11) moves upward.

4. A metallographic sample grinding fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The threaded support cylinder (4) has a slot (4.1) on its outer wall near the bottom end for locking the structure (9) to be inserted into the threaded support cylinder (4); the metal inlaid sample (2) has a locking groove (2.1) on its outer wall for locking the structure (9) to be inserted into and fixed in contact with the metal inlaid sample (2).

5. A metallographic grinding fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking structure (9) includes a connecting rod (9.1) and a locking piece (9.3) located at one end of the connecting rod (9.1). The upper end of the connecting rod (9.1) is located inside the variable diameter lock sleeve (11). A return spring (10) is provided between the connecting rod (9.1) and the threaded support cylinder (4) for resetting the connecting rod (9.1) when the variable diameter lock sleeve (11) moves upward, so that the locking piece (9.3) is inserted into the locking groove (2.1).

6. A metallographic sample grinding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting rod (9.1) is provided with rollers (9.2) at both the upper and lower ends, and the inner wall of the variable diameter locking sleeve (11) and the outer wall of the central rotating shaft (8) are provided with slides for the rollers (9.2) to slide.

7. An automatic grinding and polishing machine, comprising a grinding disc (1) and a rotation drive, characterized in that, It also includes the metallographic grinding fixture according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the upper end of the central rotating shaft (8) is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the rotation drive.

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