Railway rail grinding device

Abstract

The present application relates to a railway rail polishing device. The traditional post-welding rail polishing mainly relies on manual operation of a hand-held grinder, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the operating environment is poor, which can easily cause occupational diseases of workers. The present application comprises two fixed arms, which are symmetrically wrapped on both sides of the rail, and the top of the two fixed arms are hingedly connected to each other. The side of the fixed arm in contact with the rail is provided with a containing groove. A position limiter is sleeved on the top hinged portion of the fixed arm, and a power assembly is arranged on the position limiter. The power assembly is engaged with the polishing belt. The polishing belt is annular, and the polishing belt is wrapped around the outer periphery of the fixed arm and the position limiter, and is simultaneously arranged in the containing groove on the inner side of the fixed arm and tightly contacts the rail. A plurality of abutting assemblies are arranged in the containing groove of the fixed arm and abut the side of the polishing belt away from the rail. The present application not only saves labor consumption, but also realizes automatic polishing and dust reduction, thereby ensuring the health of the polishing environment and avoiding harm to workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail maintenance technology, specifically to a railway rail grinding device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of railway engineering, rail welding is the core process for seamless track components. However, the weld area formed after welding often produces problems such as weld beads, misalignment, and rough edges (i.e., rough surface) due to material differences and thermal stress concentration, which directly affect the smoothness and safety of train operation.

[0003] Traditional rail welding and grinding mainly rely on manual hand-held grinding machines. Manual grinding requires repeated adjustments to the tool angle and pressure, and each weld treatment takes more than 10 minutes, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, the operating environment is harsh (high temperature, dust, noise), which can easily cause occupational diseases in workers.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a railway rail grinding device that saves time and effort and avoids harm to workers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a railway rail grinding device to at least solve the problems of the current reliance on manual grinding of railway rails, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and poses a risk to workers.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] Railway rail grinding device, the grinding device includes

[0008] Two fixed arms are provided and symmetrically cover both sides of the rail. The tops of the two fixed arms are hinged to each other, and a receiving groove is provided on the side of the fixed arm that contacts the rail.

[0009] A limiter is fitted onto the hinged top of the fixed arm, and a power assembly is provided on the limiter, which is engaged with the grinding belt.

[0010] The grinding belt is ring-shaped and surrounds the outer periphery of the fixed arm and the limiter, and is simultaneously inserted into the receiving groove on the inner side of the fixed arm and in close contact with the rail.

[0011] Multiple abutment components are provided, each disposed in the receiving groove of the fixed arm, and abut against the side of the grinding belt away from the rail.

[0012] Furthermore, the top and bottom of the receiving groove are provided with notches, and the inner sidewall of the receiving groove located at the abutment component is provided with slides, and the inner sidewall of the receiving groove is provided with multiple nozzles.

[0013] Furthermore, a limiting groove is provided at the bottom of the limiter, and a clearance groove is provided at the top of the limiter.

[0014] Furthermore, the power assembly includes a power motor and a drive gear. The power motor is disposed inside the limiter, and the drive gear is coaxially disposed on the output shaft of the power motor and is located in the clearance groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the grinding belt includes a flexible support layer and an abrasive belt. The flexible support layer has an annular toothed groove that meshes with the drive gear, and the abrasive belt is disposed on the outer side of the flexible support layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the abutment assembly includes a central shaft, multiple limiting pieces, multiple limiting shafts, multiple first springs, and a fixed shaft. The limiting pieces are respectively disposed at both ends of the central shaft. The central shaft and the limiting pieces are both sleeved on the fixed shaft. Both ends of the fixed shaft are respectively disposed inside the limiting shafts. The limiting shafts are respectively disposed on the side of the limiting pieces away from the central shaft. One end of the first spring is connected to the limiting shaft, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the slide.

[0017] Furthermore, a pressure assembly is sleeved on the central shaft. The pressure assembly includes multiple ring plates, multiple elastic plates, and two sleeves. The ring plates are spaced apart on the central shaft. The elastic plates are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the central shaft and are connected between the ring plates. The middle part of each elastic plate is bent away from the central shaft. The sleeves abut against the ring plates and the limiting plates respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, multiple limiting humidification components are respectively arranged on both sides of the grinding belt in the receiving groove. The limiting humidification component includes a straight tube, a limiting sleeve, and multiple water control beads. The straight tube is arranged on the inner wall of the receiving groove, and the end away from the inner wall is sealed. The water control beads are embedded in the side wall of the straight tube and communicate with the inside of the straight tube. The limiting sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the straight tube and abuts against the water control beads. The limiting sleeve is rotatably connected to the straight tube through the water control beads.

[0019] Furthermore, the limiting humidification component is connected to a water supply component, which includes a water tank, a water pump, and an inlet pipe. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the inside of the water tank, and one end of the inlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the water pump, while the other end is located on the outside of the fixed arm.

[0020] Furthermore, a pressing assembly is provided on the outer side of one of the fixed arms. The pressing assembly includes a pressing rod, a pressing roller, and a torsion spring. One end of the pressing rod passes through the outer wall of the fixed arm and is rotatably connected to the fixed arm. The other end is located on the side of the grinding belt away from the fixed arm. The pressing roller is sleeved on the pressing rod. The torsion spring is sleeved on the pressing rod, and one end of the torsion spring is connected to the pressing rod, while the other end is connected to the fixed arm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention provides a railway rail grinding device. Two fixed arms are hinged together, allowing the inner sides of the fixed arms to adhere to the welded area of ​​the rail. Under the limiting action of the grinding belt by the abutment component, the grinding belt only abuts against the rail surface. A power component drives the grinding belt, achieving high-speed annular displacement and grinding the welded area of ​​the rail. A pressurizing component increases the regional grinding pressure of the grinding belt, allowing it to better adapt to different areas of grinding intensity. A limiting humidification component and a water supply component dispose of waste and residue generated during the grinding process. This invention provides dust suppression and, in conjunction with a grinding belt, enhances the fineness of the grinding on the rail surface. The downward-pressing component tightens the grinding belt, improving the stability of the circular grinding process and ensuring the driving efficiency of the power unit. This invention not only saves manpower but also automates grinding, eliminating the need for manual labor, saving time and effort, and resulting in more uniform grinding. The fixed arm's cover and the dust suppression via the nozzle and limiting humidification components effectively limit dust, ensuring a hygienic grinding environment and preventing harm to workers. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the limit switch.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed arm;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the abutment component;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure where the pressurizing component is located on the abutting component;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the power assembly;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the grinding belt;

[0032] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the limiting humidification component;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the water supply components;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the water droplet control structure;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure-down component;

[0036] The diagram is labeled as follows:

[0037] 1- Rail,

[0038] 2-Fixed arm, 21-Receiving groove, 22-Guide roller, 23-Slide rail, 24-Nozzle,

[0039] 3-Limiter, 31-Limiting groove, 32-Power assembly, 321-Power motor, 322-Drive gear, 323-Annular toothed groove

[0040] 4-Grinding belt, 41-Flexible support layer, 42-Frosting belt,

[0041] 5-Abutment assembly, 51-Central shaft, 52-Limiting piece, 53-Limiting shaft, 54-First spring,

[0042] 6-Pressure assembly, 61-Ring plate, 62-Elastic plate, 63-Sleeve,

[0043] 7-Limiting humidifier component, 71-Straight pipe, 72-Limiting sleeve, 73-Water droplet control, 731-Groove.

[0044] 8-Water supply components, 81-Water tank, 82-Water pump, 83-Inlet pipe,

[0045] 9-Pressing assembly, 91-Pressing rod, 92-Pressing roller, 93-Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] Example:

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a railway rail grinding device, including two fixed arms 2, limiters 3, power components 32, grinding belts 4, eight abutment components 5, pressurizing components 6, four limit humidification components 7, water supply components 8, and pressing components 9. It can not only save manpower but also realize automated grinding, making the grinding more uniform.

[0051] Specifically, the shape of the fixing arm 2 is consistent with the shape of one side of the rail 1. The two fixing arms 2 symmetrically cover both sides of the rail 1. The inner side of each fixing arm 2 fits the outer contour of the rail 1, so that the inner side of the fixing arm 2 is attached to the welding area of ​​the rail 1. The tops of the two fixing arms 2 are hinged to each other. Through the covering of the fixing arms 2, the dust in the grinding process is restricted, thereby ensuring the hygiene of the grinding environment.

[0052] Among them, such as Figure 3As shown, a receiving groove 21 for accommodating the grinding belt 4 is provided on the side of the fixed arm 2 that contacts the rail 1. The top and bottom ends of the receiving groove 21 are provided with notches to allow the grinding belt 4 to pass through and move. The receiving groove 21 has two opposite inner sidewalls located at the abutting component 5, and slides 23 for accommodating the sliding of the abutting component 5 are provided. Multiple nozzles 24 are provided on the inner sidewall of the receiving groove 21, and multiple water inlets are provided on the outer wall of the fixed arm 2.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, a guide roller 22, which is rotatably connected to the fixed arm 2, is fixed at the position where the fixed arm 2 is in contact with the grinding belt 4 and where the grinding belt 4 turns. The grinding belt 4 is located on the side of the guide roller 22 away from the fixed arm 2 to avoid direct contact between the grinding belt 4 and the fixed arm 2.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the limiter 3 is a block structure that is fitted onto the top hinge of the fixed arm 2 to limit the opening and closing of the two fixed arms 2.

[0055] The limiter 3 has a limit groove 31 at its bottom, which is fitted onto the hinge shaft of the two fixed arms 2. The size of the limit groove 31 is adapted to the size of the hinge shaft of the two fixed arms 2, so that the limiter 3 restricts the hinge opening and closing of the two fixed arms 2, thereby playing a role in fixing the two fixed arms 2. The top of the limiter 3 has a clearance groove along the width direction of the rail 1.

[0056] Specifically, the power assembly 32 is mounted on the limiter 3 and is engaged with the grinding belt 4 to drive the grinding belt 4 to perform annular displacement.

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown, the power assembly 32 includes a power motor 321 and a drive gear 322. The power motor 321 is located inside the limiter 3, and the drive gear 322 is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the power motor 321. The drive gear 322 is located in the relief groove, and the upper part of the drive gear 322 protrudes outside the relief groove. The power assembly 32 is located at the top of the device, which increases the contact range between the power assembly 32 and the grinding belt 4, ensures the meshing area between the drive gear 322 and the grinding belt 4, and further improves the stability of the annular displacement of the grinding belt 4.

[0058] Specifically, the grinding belt 4 is annular, surrounding the outer periphery of the fixed arm 2 and the limiter 3, and simultaneously passing through the receiving groove 21 on the inner side of the fixed arm 2, tightly adhering to the rail 1. The outer grinding belt 4 is triangular, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the abrasive belt 4 includes a flexible support layer 41 and an abrasive belt 42.

[0059] The flexible support layer 41 ensures the overall support strength of the grinding belt 4. In this embodiment, the flexible support layer 41 is an annular belt made of rubber, and a metal wire mesh is provided inside as a support keel to ensure the overall strength of the flexible support layer 41. Multiple tooth grooves are spaced apart on the flexible support layer 41, and the tooth grooves are evenly distributed to form an annular tooth groove 323. The annular tooth groove 323 meshes with the drive gear 322.

[0060] The abrasive belt 42 is bonded and fixed to the outside of the flexible support layer 41. The abrasive belt 42 provides a grinding work area, which further improves the overall service life of the grinding belt 4. In this embodiment, the abrasive belt 42 is a zirconium corundum abrasive belt, thereby ensuring the grinding efficiency of the welding area between the abrasive belt 42 and the rail 1.

[0061] Under the output of the power motor 321, the drive gear 322 is driven to rotate and continuously mesh with the annular tooth groove 323, thereby driving the grinding belt 4 to perform high-speed annular displacement.

[0062] Specifically, the abutment components 5 are respectively disposed in the waist and bottom arc-shaped turning areas of the receiving groove 21 of the fixed arm 2. Each fixed arm 2 is provided with four abutment components 5. The abutment components 5 are located on the side of the grinding belt 4 away from the rail 1. Under the limiting effect of the abutment components 5 on the grinding belt 4, the grinding belt 4 abuts against the surface of the rail 1, so that the grinding belt 4 can stably grind the welding area of ​​the rail 1 during the displacement process. Figure 5 As shown, the abutment assembly 5 includes a central shaft 51, two limiting plates 52, two limiting shafts 53, two first springs 54, and a fixed shaft.

[0063] The central shaft 51 is cylindrical and acts as a retaining and limiting element for the grinding belt 4, ensuring that the grinding belt 4 and the outline of the rail 1 are properly ground.

[0064] The limiting plates 52 are cylindrical and are integrally set at both ends of the central shaft 51. The central shaft 51 and the limiting plates 52 are integrally formed with through holes. The diameter of the limiting plates 52 is larger than the diameter of the central shaft 51. As the central shaft 51 and the limiting plates 52 rotate with the grinding belt 4, the limiting plates 52 on both sides restrict the grinding belt 4 from moving along the length direction of the central shaft 51, thereby ensuring the stability of the annular displacement of the grinding belt 4.

[0065] The limiting shaft 53 is a hollow cylinder with an open end near the limiting piece 52. The diameter of the limiting shaft 53 is smaller than the diameter of the central shaft 51 and the diameter of the limiting shaft 53 is smaller than the width of the slide 23. One end of the limiting shaft 53 is respectively located on the side of the limiting piece 52 away from the central shaft 51. The limiting shaft 53 is located in the slide 23 of the receiving groove 21. The two ends of the fixed shaft are welded and fixed inside the limiting shaft 53. The central shaft 51 and the limiting piece 52 are sleeved on the fixed shaft. The central shaft 51, the limiting piece 52 and the limiting shaft 53 are coaxially arranged. The limiting piece 52 is in contact with the limiting shaft 53, so that the central shaft 51 and the limiting piece 52 can rotate around the fixed shaft with the grinding belt 4.

[0066] One end of the first spring 54 is bonded and fixed to the annular sidewall of the limiting shaft 53, and the other end is bonded and fixed to the inner sidewall of the slide 23 away from the edge of the fixed arm 2. The elastic force of the first spring 54 provides abutment pressure to the limiting shaft 53. The first spring 54 drives the limiting shaft 53 to slide towards the rail 1 at all times, so that the central shaft 51 in the middle drives the grinding belt 4 to abut against the surface of the rail 1 at all times, thereby ensuring the stable contact between the grinding belt 4 and the rail 1 and the grinding efficiency of the grinding belt 4 on the rail 1.

[0067] Because the flatness of the various welding areas of the rail 1 varies, a pressure assembly 6 is fitted onto the central shaft 51 to make the grinding process of the grinding belt 4 more targeted. Figure 6 As shown, the pressure assembly 6 includes two ring plates 61, multiple elastic plates 62, and two sleeves 63. The ring plates 61 are spaced apart and sleeved on the central shaft 51. The elastic plates 62 are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the central shaft 51, and both ends of the elastic plates 62 are bonded and fixed to the ring plates 61. The middle part of the elastic plates 62 is bent away from the central shaft 51. During the grinding process, the elastic plates 62 undergo elastic deformation under the compression of the grinding belt 4. Due to the memory property of the elastic plates 62, they will return to their original shape, thereby exerting a compression effect on the grinding belt 4 through the elastic plates 62, further improving the grinding belt's pressure. 4. The contact pressure with key areas is increased, and the grinding force is increased. Moreover, the greater the elastic deformation of the elastic plate 62, the greater its squeezing force and the better the grinding effect. The ring plate 61 and the limiting plate 52 are respectively connected by the sleeve 63, which is sleeved on the central shaft 51, thereby restricting the sliding of the ring plate 61 and the elastic plate 62 along the length direction of the central shaft 51. For specific areas, the elastic deformation of the elastic plate 62 is applied to the grinding belt 4 through the pressure component 6, ensuring the contact pressure of the contact area, thereby improving the regional grinding pressure so that the grinding belt 4 can better adapt to the grinding force of different areas.

[0068] In this embodiment, since waste chips and residues are generated during the circular operation of the grinding belt 4, two limiting humidification components 7 are provided in the top area of ​​the rail 1 within the receiving groove 21 of each fixed arm 2 to reduce dust during the grinding process. The limiting humidification components 7 are respectively located on both sides of the grinding belt 4. Figure 9 As shown, the limiting humidification component 7 includes a straight pipe 71, a limiting sleeve 72, and multiple water control beads 73. The straight pipe 71 has a hollow internal structure and is vertically installed on the inner wall of the receiving groove 21. The upper end of the straight pipe 71 is welded and fixed to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 21, and the upper end is open. The lower end of the straight pipe 71 away from the bottom wall is sealed. Multiple mounting holes are horizontally circumferentially opened on the side wall of the straight pipe 71. The water control beads 73 are respectively embedded in the mounting holes on the side wall of the straight pipe 71. The water control beads 73 are rotatably connected to the straight pipe 71 and communicate with the inside of the straight pipe 71. The limiting sleeve 72 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the straight pipe 71. The inner wall of the limiting sleeve 72 abuts against the water control beads 73. The limiting sleeve 72 is rotatably connected to the straight pipe 71 through the water control beads 73. The outer wall of the limiting sleeve 72 is in close contact with the edge of the grinding belt 4, thus also limiting the grinding belt 4.

[0069] Since the limiting sleeve 72 is located on both sides of the grinding belt 4, the grinding belt 4 moves during the displacement process, causing the limiting sleeve 72 to rotate. The rotation of the limiting sleeve 72 causes the water control bead 73 to rotate. As the water supply component 8 supplies water, water overflows from the periphery of the water control bead 73, and the water drips onto the surface of the rail 1, thereby suppressing dust.

[0070] Among them, such as Figure 11 As shown, the water control bead 73 has multiple grooves 731 on its periphery. As the water control bead 73 rotates, water will be stored in the grooves 731, thereby improving the efficiency of water dripping.

[0071] The fixed arm 2 is equipped with a water channel that communicates with the open end of the straight pipe 71. The limiting humidification component 7 is connected to a water supply component 8 through the water channel to supply water to the inside of the straight pipe 71, so as to ensure a sufficient water supply during the grinding process. Figure 10 As shown, the water supply assembly 8 includes a water tank 81, a water pump 82, and an inlet pipe 83. The inlet of the water pump 82 is connected to the inside of the water tank 81. One end of the inlet pipe 83 is connected to the outlet of the water pump 82, and the other end is installed in the inlet hole on the outer wall of the fixed arm 2, which is connected to the water passage inside the fixed arm 2.

[0072] With the water pump 82 turned on, water enters the straight pipe 71 through the inlet pipe 83 and the water path. The grinding belt 4 drives the limiting sleeve 72 to rotate around the straight pipe 71. The rotation of the limiting sleeve 72 drives the water control bead 73 to rotate. The rotation of the water control bead 73 causes the water in the straight pipe 71 to drip. As more water drips, it seeps into the gap between the grinding belt 4 and the surface of the rail 1. It can not only absorb dust in the air, but also work with the grinding belt 4 to increase the fineness of the grinding of the surface of the rail 1.

[0073] In this embodiment, the sidewall of the receiving groove 21 of the fixed arm 2 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 24 that are connected to the water channel inside the fixed arm 2 at intervals. So that when the grinding belt 4 rotates, the water sprayed from the nozzles 24 can reduce dust on the grinding belt 4 and the periphery of the rail 1, which increases the spray range of the water source, further improves the dust reduction efficiency, ensures the hygiene of the grinding environment, avoids harm to the health of workers, and further improves the fineness of the grinding area.

[0074] In this embodiment, to improve the operating efficiency of the grinding belt 4, a pressing component 9 is provided on the outer side of a fixed arm 2 to apply pressure to the grinding belt 4 and tighten it, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the pressing assembly 9 includes a pressing rod 91, a pressing roller 92, and a torsion spring 93.

[0075] Specifically, the pressing rod 91 includes a fixed section, a middle extension section, and a pressing section. The extension section is connected between the fixed section and the pressing section. The fixed section is bent at one end of the extension section. The end of the fixed section away from the extension section is inserted into the outer wall of the fixed arm 2 and is rotatably connected to the fixed arm 2. The pressing section is bent at the end of the extension section away from the fixed section, and the pressing section is located on the side of the grinding belt 4 away from the fixed arm 2.

[0076] The lower pressure roller 92 is sleeved on the lower pressure section of the lower pressure rod 91 and can rotate around the lower pressure section. The lower pressure roller 92 abuts against the surface of the grinding belt 4.

[0077] The torsion spring 93 is sleeved on the fixed section of the lower pressure rod 91. One end of the torsion spring 93 is connected to the fixed section, and the other end is connected to the fixed arm 2. Under the elastic force of the torsion spring 93, the lower pressure roller 92 is driven to press down in the direction of the grinding belt 4, thereby driving the grinding belt 4 to tighten, improving the stability of the grinding belt 4 in ring grinding, and thus ensuring the driving efficiency of the power component 32 on the grinding belt 4.

[0078] The above examples illustrate the present invention only to aid in understanding it and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various simple deductions, modifications, or substitutions based on the principles of this invention.

Claims

1. A railway rail grinding device, characterized in that: The polishing device includes There are two fixed arms (2), which are symmetrically wrapped around the two sides of the rail (1). The tops of the two fixed arms (2) are hinged to each other. A receiving groove (21) is provided on the side of the fixed arm (2) that contacts the rail (1). The limiter (3) is sleeved on the top hinge of the fixed arm (2), and the limiter (3) is provided with a power assembly (32). The grinding belt (4) is ring-shaped. The grinding belt (4) surrounds the outer periphery of the fixed arm (2) and the limiter (3), and is simultaneously inserted into the receiving groove (21) on the inner side of the fixed arm (2) and closely attached to the rail (1). The power assembly (32) is engaged with the grinding belt (4). Multiple abutting components (5) are provided, each disposed in the receiving groove (21) of the fixed arm (2) and abutting against the side of the grinding belt (4) away from the rail (1); The top and bottom of the receiving groove (21) are provided with notches, and the inner sidewall of the receiving groove (21) located at the abutting component (5) is provided with slides (23), and the inner sidewall of the receiving groove (21) is provided with multiple nozzles (24). The abutting component (5) includes a central shaft (51), multiple limiting pieces (52), multiple limiting shafts (53), multiple first springs (54), and a fixed shaft. The limiting pieces (52) are respectively disposed at both ends of the central shaft (51). The central shaft (51) and the limiting pieces (52) are both sleeved on the fixed shaft. The two ends of the fixed shaft are respectively disposed inside the limiting shafts (53). The limiting shafts (53) are respectively disposed on the side of the limiting pieces (52) away from the central shaft (51). One end of the first spring (54) is connected to the limiting shaft (53), and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the slide (23). A pressure assembly (6) is sleeved on the central shaft (51). The pressure assembly (6) includes multiple ring pieces (61), multiple elastic pieces (62), and two sleeves (63). The ring pieces (61) are spaced apart on the central shaft (51). The elastic pieces (62) are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the central shaft (51) and are connected between the ring pieces (61). The middle part of the elastic pieces (62) is bent away from the central shaft (51). The sleeves (63) abut against the ring pieces (61) and the limiting pieces (52) respectively. Multiple limiting humidification components (7) are respectively arranged on both sides of the grinding belt (4) in the receiving groove (21). The limiting humidification component (7) includes a straight tube (71), a limiting sleeve (72) and multiple water control beads (73). The straight tube (71) is arranged on the inner wall of the receiving groove (21), and the end away from the inner wall of the receiving groove (21) is sealed. The water control beads (73) are embedded in the side wall of the straight tube (71) and communicate with the inside of the straight tube (71). The limiting sleeve (72) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the straight tube (71) and abuts against the water control beads (73). The limiting sleeve (72) is rotatably connected to the straight tube (71) through the water control beads (73).

2. The railway rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiter (3) has a limit groove (31) at the bottom and a clearance groove at the top.

3. The railway rail grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power assembly (32) includes a power motor (321) and a drive gear (322). The power motor (321) is disposed inside the limiter (3). The drive gear (322) is coaxially disposed on the output shaft of the power motor (321) and is located in the clearance groove.

4. The railway rail grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grinding belt (4) includes a flexible support layer (41) and a sanding belt (42). The flexible support layer (41) has an annular tooth groove (323) that meshes with the drive gear (322). The sanding belt (42) is located on the outside of the flexible support layer (41).

5. The railway rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting humidification component (7) is connected to a water supply component (8). The water supply component (8) includes a water tank (81), a water pump (82), and an inlet pipe (83). The inlet of the water pump (82) is connected to the inside of the water tank (81). One end of the inlet pipe (83) is connected to the outlet of the water pump (82), and the other end is located on the outside of the fixed arm (2).

6. The railway rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressing assembly (9) is provided on the outer side of one of the fixed arms (2). The pressing assembly (9) includes a pressing rod (91), a pressing roller (92), and a torsion spring (93). One end of the pressing rod (91) passes through the outer wall of the fixed arm (2) and is rotatably connected to the fixed arm (2). The other end is located on the side of the grinding belt (4) away from the fixed arm (2). The pressing roller (92) is sleeved on the pressing rod (91). The torsion spring (93) is sleeved on the pressing rod (91). One end of the torsion spring (93) is connected to the pressing rod (91), and the other end is connected to the fixed arm (2).

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