A four-stage collaborative purification device suitable for rural sewage advanced purification

Abstract

This utility model relates to a four-stage synergistic purification device suitable for deep purification of rural sewage, belonging to the field of sewage treatment technology. It includes a purification tank, within which are arranged a physical purification layer, a microbial degradation layer, a plant purification layer, and an ecological regulation layer. The physical purification layer is responsible for pollutant adsorption and microbial biofilm formation. The microbial degradation layer is attached to the physical purification layer. The microbial degradation layer and the ecological regulation layer are alternately arranged and located above the physical purification layer. This utility model has advantages such as simple structure, small footprint, low cost, and high treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically a four-stage synergistic purification device suitable for deep purification of rural wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's social economy and the continuous improvement of residents' living standards, the amount of sewage discharge has remained high. Due to the current limitations of water treatment technology and cost, most rural domestic sewage is currently facing the situation of "no facilities and no one to manage it". In some areas, it is even directly discharged into the surrounding water bodies, causing serious pollution to local lakes, ponds and rivers. The few domestic sewage that have been treated have problems such as unstable treatment effects of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus and excessively high economic costs. This has increasingly become a constraint on the construction of beautiful villages.

[0003] Rural domestic sewage is mainly composed of organic pollutants. Its composition is relatively simple, but the concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are significantly high, mainly manifested in COD. cr Exceeding the standards for indicators such as (200-400 mg / L), NH3-N (30-50 mg / L), and TP (4-8 mg / L) can easily lead to eutrophication in receiving water bodies. Currently, most wastewater treatment plants employ anoxic-aerobic denitrification (A2) processes for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. 2 Traditional wastewater treatment methods, such as flocculation reactors and sedimentation tanks, require large areas and have high costs. While suitable for densely populated urban areas, they are difficult to apply to the decentralized discharge of rural wastewater. Therefore, developing an integrated, high-efficiency nitrogen and phosphorus removal device for the deep purification of rural domestic wastewater—economical, efficient, simple, and requiring minimal space—has become the main research direction. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome at least one defect in the prior art, this utility model provides a four-stage synergistic purification device suitable for deep purification of rural sewage, which has the advantages of simple structure, small footprint, low cost and high treatment efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a four-stage synergistic purification device suitable for deep purification of rural sewage, comprising: a purification tank, wherein a physical purification layer, a microbial degradation layer, a plant purification layer and an ecological regulation layer are provided in the purification tank; the physical purification layer is used to adsorb pollutants and to support the biofilm formation of microorganisms; the microbial degradation layer is attached to the physical purification layer; the microbial degradation layer and the ecological regulation layer are arranged alternately and are located above the physical purification layer.

[0006] Furthermore, the physical purification layer material uses biomass porous carbon filler.

[0007] Furthermore, the microbial degradation layer contains a complex microbial community of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria.

[0008] Furthermore, the plant purification layer is provided with goldfish algae and water hyacinth, which are planted alternately.

[0009] Furthermore, the ecological regulation layer is equipped with fish and earthworms.

[0010] Furthermore, a second row of sludge pipes is provided at the bottom of the purification tank; a water outlet pipe is connected to one side of the top of the purification tank, and a water outlet valve is installed on the water outlet pipe; a water supply pipe is connected to one side of the bottom of the purification tank, and a water supply valve is installed on the water supply pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, an inclined plate sedimentation tank is provided on one side of the purification tank. A first row of sludge pipes is provided at the bottom of the inclined plate sedimentation tank, and a water inlet pipe is provided at the top. Multiple water distribution pipes are connected to the water inlet pipe. A lift pump is installed at the front end of the water inlet pipe, and the outlet of the inclined plate sedimentation tank is connected to a water delivery pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the inclined plate sedimentation tank is equipped with a micro-nano aeration device.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] 1. It can solve the pain points of existing combined technologies, such as system collapse caused by excessive algae growth, high cost of carbon source replenishment, and incomplete food chain structure.

[0015] 2. A micro-ecosystem is constructed through a physical purification layer, which couples the photosynthetic oxygen supply of the plant purification layer with the ecological regulation of the ecological regulation layer to achieve cascade utilization of matter and energy.

[0016] 3. In traditional treatment processes, the rapid consumption of high-concentration carbon sources by single biological treatment can easily lead to insufficient carbon sources for denitrification, while conventional phosphorus removal methods struggle to consistently maintain the stringent standard of effluent TP < 1 mg / L. This invention specifically constructs a multi-stage synergistic purification system, achieving tiered removal of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus while maintaining material balance within the system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material circulation path of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 The diagram shows the BET specific surface area and pore volume / pore size distribution of the biomass porous carbon filler of this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Booster pump, 2. Inlet pipe, 3. Distribution pipe, 4. Micro-nano aerator, 5. Inclined plate sedimentation tank, 6. First sludge pipe, 7. Water supply valve, 8. Second sludge pipe, 9. Outlet valve, 10. Biological filter brush, 11. Waterweed, 12. Goldfish algae, 13. Fish, 14. Biomass porous carbon filler, 15. Duckweed, 16. Earthworm. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0023] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0024] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] refer to Figures 1-2 The purpose of this utility model is to provide a four-stage synergistic purification device suitable for deep purification of rural sewage, comprising: a purification tank, wherein a physical purification layer, a microbial degradation layer, a plant purification layer and an ecological regulation layer are provided in the purification tank; the physical purification layer is used to adsorb pollutants and carry out biofilm formation on microbial carriers; the microbial degradation layer is attached to the physical purification layer; the microbial degradation layer and the ecological regulation layer are arranged alternately and located above the physical purification layer.

[0027] To further optimize the technical solution, the physical purification layer material adopts biomass porous carbon filler 14. Biomass porous carbon filler 14 is prepared by carbonization at a high temperature above 700℃ using biomass (sawdust, etc.) and straw (wheat, corn, peanut, rice, etc.), with the addition of pore-forming agents such as potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate, and has a thickness of 80cm. (Reference) Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b) The specific surface area of ​​biomass porous carbon filler 14 is >1200 m². 2 / g, average pore size for adsorption / desorption (4V / A): 1.5-2.0nm, average pore size for BJH adsorption / desorption (4V / A): 2.0-3.0nm (mesoporous carbon), pore volume <0.5nm 3 / g, total pore volume ≤51.0nm, total pore area ≥0.4nm.

[0028] The technical solution has been further optimized, with the microbial degradation layer containing a composite microbial community of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. The ratio of nitrifying to denitrifying bacteria is designed to be 1:1-3:2, and dynamically adjusted based on factors such as temperature and water quality characteristics. The dosage of the composite microbial community is 15 g / m³. 3 .

[0029] To further optimize the technical solution, the plant purification layer is provided with *Ceratophyllum demersum* 12 and *Aquatic Plantago asiatica* 11, which are planted alternately. The ratio of *Ceratophyllum demersum* 12 to *Aquatic Plantago asiatica* 11 is 3:7, forming a submerged plant community and establishing a synergistic mechanism between the two plants, with a coverage rate of 60%. The plant purification layer also includes duckweed 15.

[0030] To further optimize the technical solution, the ecological control layer includes fish and earthworms (16 species). The fish include goldfish and koi, with goldfish including common goldfish, Ryukin goldfish, and dragon-eye goldfish. Koi are the dominant species in summer and autumn, while dragon-eye goldfish are the dominant species in winter and spring. The fish density is controlled at 5-8 fish / m². 3 Implement algal biomass regulation.

[0031] To further optimize the technical solution, a biological filter brush 10 is also installed in the purification tank, which is located above the physical purification layer.

[0032] To further optimize the technical solution, a second sludge pipe 8 is provided at the bottom of the purification tank; a water outlet pipe is connected to one side of the top of the purification tank, and a water outlet valve 9 is installed on the water outlet pipe; a water supply pipe is connected to one side of the bottom of the purification tank, and a water supply valve 7 is installed on the water supply pipe.

[0033] To further optimize the technical solution, an inclined plate sedimentation tank 5 is installed on one side of the purification pool. A first sludge discharge pipe 6 is installed at the bottom of the inclined plate sedimentation tank 5, and a water inlet pipe 2 is installed at the top. Multiple water distribution pipes 3 are connected to the water inlet pipe 2, and a lift pump 1 is installed at the front end of the water inlet pipe 2. The outlet of the inclined plate sedimentation tank 5 is connected to a water supply pipe. Except for the water inlet which requires the lift pump 1, other units and parts of the device rely on gravity flow, requiring no additional power and saving energy. A multi-hopper V-shaped sludge collection trough is installed at the bottom of the inclined plate sedimentation tank 5, with a slope of 0.03-0.07, allowing sludge to be discharged directly by hydrostatic pressure, avoiding blockage.

[0034] To further optimize the technical solution, a micro-nano aeration device 4 is installed inside the inclined plate sedimentation tank 5.

[0035] This invention's biomass porous carbon filler enables the resource reuse of biomass and straw in rural areas. Its microporous-mesoporous hierarchical structure design simultaneously achieves pollutant adsorption and biofilm carrier functions. The synergistic ratio mechanism of *Ceratophyllum demersum* (high nitrogen absorption) and *Hydrocotyle vulgaris* (high phosphorus absorption) improves the resource conversion rate of rural wastewater. The fish-algae dynamic balance model improves energy conversion rate by regulating dissolved oxygen and nutrient salt cycling through feeding intensity.

[0036] This invention addresses the pain points of existing combined technologies, such as system collapse due to excessive algal growth, high carbon source replenishment costs, and incomplete food chain structures. It constructs a micro-ecosystem through a physical purification layer, coupling photosynthetic oxygen supply from a plant purification layer with ecological regulation from an ecological control layer, achieving tiered utilization of matter and energy. In traditional treatment processes, the rapid consumption of high-concentration carbon sources by single biological treatment easily leads to insufficient carbon sources for denitrification, while conventional phosphorus removal methods struggle to stably maintain the stringent standard of effluent TP < 1 mg / L. This invention specifically constructs a multi-stage synergistic purification system: porous carbon preferentially adsorbs large molecular organic matter through π-π conjugation (contributing 68.2% to COD removal), releasing dissolved carbon sources that are directionally supplied to denitrifying bacteria; submerged algae, with their high specific surface area (Ceratophyllum demersum 12.5 m²), further enhance the purification process. 2 The system efficiently assimilates nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients (NH3-N and TP with average removal rates of 91.7% and 89.3%, respectively), while photosynthetic oxygen supply maintains the activity of nitrifying bacteria. Koi carp regulate algal biomass through selective feeding, and their metabolites form the recycling of organic nitrogen and phosphorus, thus achieving the cascade removal of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus and the balance of substances within the system.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A four-stage synergistic purification device suitable for advanced purification of rural sewage, characterized in that, include: The purification tank includes a physical purification layer, a microbial degradation layer, a plant purification layer, and an ecological regulation layer. The physical purification layer is used for pollutant adsorption and microbial biofilm formation. The microbial degradation layer is attached to the physical purification layer. The microbial degradation layer and the ecological regulation layer are arranged alternately and are located above the physical purification layer.

2. The four-stage synergistic purification device for advanced purification of rural sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical purification layer material uses biomass porous carbon filler.

3. The four-stage synergistic purification device for advanced purification of rural sewage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microbial degradation layer contains a complex microbial community of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria.

4. The four-stage synergistic purification device for advanced purification of rural sewage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plant purification layer is provided with goldfish algae and water hyacinth, which are planted alternately.

5. The four-stage synergistic purification device for advanced purification of rural sewage according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ecological regulation layer is equipped with fish and earthworms.

6. The four-stage synergistic purification device for advanced purification of rural sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second sludge pipe is provided at the bottom of the purification tank; a water outlet pipe is connected to one side of the top of the purification tank, and a water outlet valve is installed on the water outlet pipe; a water supply pipe is connected to one side of the bottom of the purification tank, and a water supply valve is installed on the water supply pipe.

7. A four-stage synergistic purification device suitable for deep purification of rural sewage as described in claim 6, characterized in that, An inclined plate sedimentation tank is provided on one side of the purification tank. A first row of sludge pipes is provided at the bottom of the inclined plate sedimentation tank, and a water inlet pipe is provided at the top. Multiple water distribution pipes are connected to the water inlet pipe. A lift pump is installed at the front end of the water inlet pipe. The outlet of the inclined plate sedimentation tank is connected to a water delivery pipe.

8. A four-stage synergistic purification device suitable for deep purification of rural sewage as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The inclined plate sedimentation tank is equipped with a micro-nano aeration device.

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