An arch for supporting a roadway in a surrounding rock

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of mining engineering technology, specifically to an arch frame for supporting underground roadways in surrounding rock, addressing the problem of insufficient anchoring force and the risk of arch beam detachment in existing arch frames on roadways with weak surrounding rock. This device increases the overall contact area between the arch beam and the surrounding rock by adding supporting anchor rods to the arch beam, thereby increasing the anchoring force of the arch frame and providing a fixing and anti-detachment function. Simultaneously, the interlocking design between the arch beam and arch legs, with the first and second clamping plates facing each other, transforms "line contact" into "interlocking surface contact," further increasing the contact area between the arch beam and the arch frame, effectively preventing the risk of arch beam detachment, and improving the connection strength of the arch frame. This ensures sufficient anchoring force for the arch frame on roadways with weak surrounding rock, effectively reducing the risk of arch beam detachment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mining engineering technology, specifically to an arch frame for supporting underground roadways in surrounding rock. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, as metal mines have continued to be mined deeper, the geological environment of the surrounding rock of the tunnels has changed significantly compared with that of the shallower mines. The rock mechanical properties of the surrounding rock in the deep tunnels are more complex, and the problems of tunnel cracking and deformation are more serious.

[0003] In tunneling operations under weak surrounding rock conditions underground, the bench method is often used to ensure construction safety. This method reduces the amount of rock blasted at one time, minimizes the impact of blasting disturbance, and reduces the exposed area of ​​the working face, thereby improving safety. Under such rock conditions, arch supports are commonly used for reinforcement. In the early stages of arch beam erection, hook anchors are used to fix the arch beams. However, due to the fractured rock, the anchoring force of hook anchors alone is insufficient, and there is a risk of the arch beams falling off. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides an arch frame for supporting underground roadways in surrounding rock, in order to solve the problem that existing arch frames have insufficient anchoring force in soft surrounding rock roadways and that the arch beams are at risk of falling off.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An arch frame for supporting underground rock tunnels includes symmetrically arranged arch beams with symmetrically arranged hooked anchor rods on the arch beams. Each arch beam has an arch leg fitted at its bottom. One end of the arch beam is detachably connected via a connecting plate, and the other end of the arch beam is fixedly provided with a support anchor rod pad. The support anchor rod pad is connected to the support anchor rod via a pre-set hole and a threaded connection. A first clamping plate is fitted at one end of the part where the arch beam and the arch leg intersect, and a second clamping plate is fitted at the other end of the part where the arch beam and the arch leg intersect. The first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are fixedly arranged facing each other.

[0007] Furthermore, the support anchor plate has symmetrical pre-set holes, through which the support anchor is anchored to the support anchor plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the support anchor is made of threaded steel and is threadedly connected to the support anchor pad.

[0009] Furthermore, both the arch beam and the arch leg are made of U-shaped steel.

[0010] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] This device uses connecting plates fixed on the arch beams to securely connect the two arch beams, more accurately determining the centerline of the arch beams and effectively preventing arch beam skewing during installation, thus ensuring construction safety. Support anchor plates are welded to the ends of the arch beams, and after the support anchors are inserted and fixed, the integrity of the arch frame is achieved. The support anchors are chiseled into the surrounding rock, increasing the contact area between the arch beams and the surrounding rock, giving the arch frame sufficient anchoring force in soft rock tunnels, making it more robust and reliable. The arch legs and arch beams are both U-shaped steel structures that are matched and clamped together by the first and second clamping plates, changing the "line contact" to "surface contact," increasing the contact area and improving the connection strength of the arch frame, eliminating the risk of arch beam detachment. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a top view of the anchor plate supporting the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the first and second clamping plates of this utility model being clamped to the arch beam and arch leg.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate of this utility model.

[0016] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0017] 1. Arch beam; 2. Arch leg; 3. Connecting plate; 4. Supporting anchor bolt; 5. Supporting anchor bolt pad; 6. First clamping plate; 7. Second clamping plate; 8. Hook anchor bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an arch frame for supporting underground rock tunnels includes symmetrically arranged arch beams 1, with symmetrically arranged hook anchor rods 8 on the arch beams 1. Arch legs 2 are fitted at the bottom of each arch beam 1. One end of the arch beam 1 is detachably connected via a connecting plate 3, and the other end of the arch beam 1 is fixedly provided with a support anchor rod pad 5. The support anchor rod pad 5 is connected to a support anchor rod 4 via a pre-set hole and thread. A first clamping plate 6 is fitted at one end of the part where the arch beam 1 and the arch leg 2 are inserted, and a second clamping plate 7 is fitted at the other end of the part where the arch beam 1 and the arch leg 2 are inserted. The first clamping plate 6 and the second clamping plate 7 are fixedly arranged facing each other.

[0020] In practical use, the workers fix two arch beams 1 together using connecting plates 3. Using the roadway centerline as a reference, a level is used to align the center of the arch beam 1 with the roadway centerline. The height of both sides of the arch beam 1 is consistent with the distance to the waistline. The arch frame spacing is determined based on the length of the tie rods. After the position is determined, it is marked with paint. The operators lay anchor mesh spray support in the rock strata, then lift the arch beam 1 to the marked position. Two safety columns are used to temporarily fix the arch beam 1. At the same time, wire is used to bind and fix the arch beam 1 to the anchor rods and mesh in the anchor mesh spray support. Tie rods are used between the arch beams 1, and the angle of the arch beam 1 is adjusted to ensure that the arch beam 1 is perpendicular to the roadway arch. Fixed support anchor rods 4 are inserted into the support anchor rod pads 5 on both sides of the arch beam 1, anchoring the roadway surrounding rock to the arch beam 1 through the support anchor rods 4. Then, the safety columns are removed, and blasting is carried out to remove slag. After completion, based on the waistline, the arch legs 2 are vertically fixed to the hard rock, with both arch legs 2 at the same height and on the same horizontal line. A first clamping plate 6 is installed on the side of the arch leg 2, and a second clamping plate 7 is installed on the side of the arch beam 1. The first clamping plate 6 and the second clamping plate 7 are directly opposite each other and clamped to fix the arch beam 1 and the arch leg 2 tightly together. A hook anchor rod 8 is inserted into the pre-set hole at the top of the arch leg 2. According to the position of the hook anchor rod 8, the rock drilling hole is perpendicular to the tunnel surface. The hook anchor rod 8 is matched and connected to the rock drilling hole. Mortar or cement is poured immediately. Then, the arch legs 2 are connected by the inter-frame tie rod. Because the arch frame adds support anchor rod 4, which extends into the surrounding rock layer together with the hook anchor rod 8, the contact area is expanded and the anchoring force of the overall arch frame is enhanced. At the same time, the first clamping plate 6 and the second clamping plate 7 are directly opposite each other to strengthen the fixation of the arch beam 1 and the arch leg 2, improve the connection strength of the arch frame, and eliminate the risk of the arch beam falling off.

Claims

1. An arch frame for supporting underground roadways in surrounding rock, comprising symmetrically arranged arch beams (1), with symmetrically arranged hook anchors (8) on the arch beams (1), and arch legs (2) fitted at the bottom of each arch beam (1), characterized in that: One end of the arch beam (1) is detachably connected by a connecting plate (3), and the other end of the arch beam (1) is fixedly provided with a support anchor plate (5). The support anchor plate (5) is connected to a support anchor (4) through a pre-set hole and thread. One end of the part where the arch beam (1) and the arch leg (2) are inserted is fitted with a first clamping plate (6), and the other end of the part where the arch beam (1) and the arch leg (2) are inserted is fitted with a second clamping plate (7). The first clamping plate (6) and the second clamping plate (7) are fixedly set facing each other.

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