A cable head making marker

Abstract

The utility model belongs to cable head manufacturing technical field discloses a cable head is used picture line ware, a cable head is used picture line ware, including picture line pen, still include main ruler and positioning assembly, main ruler extends along the length direction of cable and is close to on cable, positioning assembly is connected in main ruler one end close to the end of cable, and the center of positioning assembly and cable core abuts, picture line pen is connected in main ruler one end away from the end, and its nib and cable surface abut, be equipped with the sliding slot, vice ruler and bolt on main ruler, the sliding slot extends along the length direction of main ruler, vice ruler is movably inserted in the sliding slot and can move along the length direction of main ruler, and is fixedly connected with main ruler through bolt. The utility model has realized the accurate positioning to cable end cable core, has guaranteed that positioning assembly and cable close adhesion. Picture line pen and cable surface contact closely, have guaranteed the accuracy of marking and the convenience of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of cable head manufacturing technology, and in particular relates to a marking tool for cable head manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] The fabrication of high-voltage power cable heads for railways is a crucial step in the construction of railway power supply systems, and its processing accuracy directly affects the cable's sealing performance, electrical performance, and service life. However, the traditional manual marking method commonly used in the industry has many systemic defects, severely restricting construction quality and efficiency. The traditional method relies on separate manual measurement and marking operations. Typically, a steel tape measure or ruler is used to measure the cable in sections, and then a marker is used to manually mark the cutting line, supplemented by tape for positioning. Frequent tool switching during this process easily introduces positioning errors (typically ±1–2 mm), and because the cable surface is a cylindrical curved surface, the marked points are prone to slippage, resulting in significant error accumulation. This leads to over 10% of cable head failures originating from sealing failures or stress concentrations caused by length errors. Furthermore, manual marking makes it difficult to form closed and perfectly round loops, often resulting in elliptical or tilted cuts, further weakening the joint's waterproof performance.

[0003] Existing cutting tools are mostly general-purpose tools such as calipers and measuring tapes, designed primarily for planar measurement, making it difficult to stably conform to the curved surface of cables. In applications with a wide diameter range (Φ5–80mm), the measuring tape is difficult to keep perpendicular to the cable axis, causing circumferential offset. Furthermore, the lack of a mechanical centering device results in a center deviation exceeding 1mm, directly causing circumferential cutting eccentricity and reducing sealing reliability. Although patents such as CN114361911A disclose integrated cutting tools, they are mostly axial cutting designs, with complex structures, high manufacturing costs, and difficulty in solving the problem of circumferential marking accuracy.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional methods are inefficient, requiring at least two people to complete, with each line marking session taking over 30 minutes, failing to meet the rapid restoration requirements of railway emergency repairs. At night or in low-light conditions, the markings are difficult to identify accurately, further impacting construction progress. The lack of standardized construction quality means that manual marking errors generally exceed ±2mm, failing to meet the stringent 300±0.5mm specification for high-voltage cable heads.

[0005] While several alternative technologies have attempted to address the aforementioned issues, each has its limitations and cannot fully meet the requirements for railway cable head fabrication. Electronic laser projection line markers achieve high-precision line drawing through laser ranging and circular projection, with errors controlled within ±0.1mm. They automatically identify cable diameters, eliminating the need for manual adjustment and significantly improving work efficiency. However, this solution is sensitive to ambient light; the laser is difficult to display clearly in strong light or rainy / foggy weather. It also relies on lithium battery power, making it prone to power outages in low-temperature environments, increasing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the high cost of the equipment limits its large-scale adoption. Modular combination measuring tools use an axial measuring ruler with interchangeable center positioning rings of various sizes, achieving multi-diameter adaptation through an embedded roller drawing pen. The mechanical structure is simple and durable. However, replacing the positioning rings is time-consuming, carrying multiple sets of accessories is inconvenient, and gaps in the snap-fit ​​assembly result in axial positioning errors of up to ±1mm, failing to meet high-precision requirements. The pneumatic clamp-type marking tool uses an inflatable rubber clamp to automatically fit the curved surface of the cable and uses air pressure to drive the telescopic marking needle to complete the loop marking, ensuring zero deviation of the circle center and simple operation; however, this solution is only suitable for cables with a diameter in the range of 40 to 60 mm, the air bladder is prone to aging and damage, has poor durability, and requires an external air pump to supply air, which reduces the portability and practicality of field operations.

[0006] In summary, these alternative solutions each have their limitations in terms of performance, environmental adaptability, ease of use, and cost control. They have not yet formed a standardized solution that is efficient, accurate, stable, and reliable, and cannot fully meet the high-standard process requirements for railway cable head manufacturing. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention provides a marking tool for making cable heads, in order to solve existing technical problems.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A marking tool for cable termination includes a marking pen, a main ruler, and a positioning component. The main ruler extends along the length of the cable and rests against the cable. The positioning component is connected to the end of the main ruler near the end of the cable and abuts against the center of the cable core. The marking pen is connected to the end of the main ruler away from the end, and its tip abuts against the surface of the cable. The main ruler has a groove, a secondary ruler, and a bolt. The groove extends along the length of the main ruler. The secondary ruler is movably inserted into the groove and can move along the length of the main ruler. The bolt is threadedly connected to the main ruler, and the end of the bolt abuts against the secondary ruler to fix the position of the secondary ruler on the main ruler.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0011] The positioning assembly includes a longitudinal ruler, a mounting component, and a tapered rod. The longitudinal ruler is connected to the main ruler and extends along a length direction perpendicular to the main ruler. The mounting component is installed on the longitudinal ruler. The tapered rod is fitted into the mounting component and extends along the length direction of the main ruler. The tapered needle of the tapered rod contacts the cross-section of the cable core.

[0012] The longitudinal ruler is provided with an adjustment groove that extends along the length of the longitudinal ruler. The mounting component includes a threaded inner connector and a hollow bolt. The inner connector and the hollow bolt are respectively located on both sides of the adjustment groove and can be adjusted to install on the adjustment groove.

[0013] The tapered rod passes through the inner joint, the adjusting groove, and the hollow bolt in sequence.

[0014] The positioning component includes an end face rod, one end of which is sleeved on the main scale and can move along the length of the main scale, while the other end abuts against the protective layer of the end.

[0015] The end face rod is connected to a support rod, and the support rod is connected to the longitudinal ruler by connecting bolts.

[0016] The main scale is equipped with a handle, which is located at one end of the main scale near the positioning component.

[0017] The slide extends along the length of the main scale, and the auxiliary scale is movably inserted into the slide and can move along the length of the main scale, and is fixedly connected to the main scale by bolts.

[0018] The auxiliary ruler is provided with a mounting base, which is located at the end of the auxiliary ruler away from the main ruler, and the drawing pen is mounted on the mounting base.

[0019] The mounting base is provided with a mounting groove and bolts. The drawing pen is inserted into the mounting groove and fixedly connected to the mounting base by bolts.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] The main ruler is fitted along the length of the cable to ensure a tight fit between the device and the cable. The positioning component accurately abuts against the center of the cable core at the cable end, achieving precise positioning. The marking pen is connected to the end of the main ruler furthest from the cable end, with the pen tip in close contact with the cable surface, ensuring the accuracy and continuity of the line. The overall design is compact and easy to operate, improving the accuracy and efficiency of positioning and marking, effectively avoiding errors and repetitive work, and improving work quality and construction efficiency. It is applicable to various large-diameter cables, especially high-voltage power cables for railways. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a marking tool used for making cable heads.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal ruler.

[0025] Legend:

[0026] 1. Drawing pen; 11. Pen tip; 2. Main ruler; 21. Handle; 22. Slide groove; 23. Secondary ruler; 24. Bolt; 3. Positioning assembly; 31. Longitudinal ruler; 311. Adjustment groove; 32. Mounting component; 321. Internal connector; 322. Hollow bolt; 33. Tapered rod; 331. Tapered needle; 34. End face rod; 35. Support rod; 4. Mounting base; 41. Mounting groove; 100. Cable; 110. End; 101. Cable core; 102. Protective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, the following description will be provided in more comprehensive and detailed manner with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0030] Example: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the cable termination marking device of this embodiment includes a marking pen 1, a main ruler 2, and a positioning component 3. The main ruler 2 extends along the length of the cable 100 and rests against the cable 100. The positioning component 3 is connected to the end of the main ruler 2 near the end 110 of the cable 100, and the positioning component 3 abuts against the center of the cable core 101 of the end 110. The marking pen 1 is connected to the end of the main ruler 2 away from the end 110, and its tip 11 abuts against the surface of the cable 100 to fix the position of the auxiliary ruler 23 on the main ruler 2. By integrating the marking pen 1, the main ruler 2, and the positioning component 3 into one unit, the marking device significantly improves the problem of separation between measurement and marking in traditional manual marking methods. The main ruler 2 extends along the length of the cable 100 and rests against the surface of the cable 100, effectively improving the measurement stability in curved environments and avoiding axial length errors caused by misalignment of the ruler body. The axial error is ≤ ±0.5mm (traditionally ±2mm). The positioning component 3 is located at the end of the main ruler 2 near the end 110 of the cable 100, and can directly abut against the center of the cable core 101, thereby achieving mechanical auxiliary positioning and verification of the center of the cross-section, avoiding the center deviation (>1mm) caused by visual estimation and the resulting circumferential cutting eccentricity problem. At the same time, the drawing pen 1 can be a white fluorescent pen. The drawing pen 1 is located at the end of the main ruler 2 away from the end 110, and its pen tip 11 directly contacts the surface of the cable 100 to set the axial dimension. Under the condition of ensuring stable position, it rotates coaxially to draw lines, realizing continuous circumferential marking, overcoming the problems of point-to-line conversion distortion and non-circular cutting paths caused by the discrete point marking of traditional marker pens. The entire process can be completed by a single person in ≤30 seconds (compared to 180 seconds for traditional methods). This invention is applicable to cables ranging from 50 to 300 mm² (covering 100% of railway cable types). It not only improves line marking accuracy but also effectively solves the core defects of existing technologies, such as non-circular circumferential cutting, poor surface adaptability, and inaccurate center positioning. It is suitable for various large-diameter cables, especially high-voltage railway power cables. The surface of the main scale 2 is laser-engraved with graduations (accuracy 0.5 mm).

[0031] In this embodiment, the positioning component 3 includes an end face rod 34. One end of the end face rod 34 is sleeved on the main scale 2 and can move along the length direction of the main scale 2. The other end abuts against the protective layer 102 of the end head 110 to fix the position of the auxiliary scale 23 on the main scale 2. Through the contact between the end face rod 34 and the protective layer 102, the position of the end head 110 is effectively restricted and stably supported, preventing the end head 110 from shifting during detection or operation, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the overall positioning.

[0032] In this embodiment, the main scale 2 is provided with a slide groove 22, a secondary scale 23, and a bolt 24. The slide groove 22 extends along the length of the main scale 2. The secondary scale 23 is movably inserted into the slide groove 22 and can move along the length of the main scale 2. The bolt 24 is threadedly connected to the main scale 2, and the end of the bolt 24 can abut against the secondary scale 23. The slide groove 22 is a dovetail groove. The secondary scale 23 is connected to the guide rail in the slide groove 22 to be nested within the slide groove 22, allowing for telescopic operation. This facilitates the operator's grip and adjustment of the position of the secondary scale 23. Together with the main scale 2, it achieves a stepless measurement range of 0-380mm, expanding the measurement range by 90% and reducing the storage volume by 43%. This solves the contradiction between large-size measurement and portability, improving the convenience and accuracy of operation. It also effectively avoids errors caused by hand slippage during measurement, enhancing the overall stability and reliability of the measurement. The secondary scale 23 is locked in its telescopic state by tightening it with the bolt 24.

[0033] In this embodiment, the positioning component 3 includes a longitudinal ruler 31, a mounting component 32, and a tapered rod 33. The longitudinal ruler 31 is connected to the main ruler 2 and extends along the length direction perpendicular to the main ruler 2. The mounting component 32 is mounted on the longitudinal ruler 31. The tapered rod 33 is fitted into the mounting component 32 and extends along the length direction of the main ruler 2. The tapered needle 331 of the tapered rod 33 contacts the cross-section of the cable core 101. The scale of the longitudinal ruler 31 can be raised lines. The mounting component 32 is adjustablely mounted on the longitudinal ruler 31, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the positioning component 3. The tapered rod 33 extends along the length direction of the main ruler 2, and its tapered needle 331 contacts the cross-section of the cable core 101, thereby achieving precise fitting and positioning without damaging the cable core structure. Compared with the existing technology that uses adhesive or clamping methods to fix the cable core 101, this solution has significant advantages such as simple operation, high positioning accuracy, no damage to the cable core 101, and adaptability to different cable core structures. It is suitable for various cable core inspection and processing applications. The longitudinal ruler 31 is made of anodized aluminum, with a hollow annular design and an inner diameter of Φ25–160mm. It is fitted onto the outside of the hollow bolt 322, and the surface is engraved with a diameter scale. It is fixedly connected to the main ruler 2 by a wing bolt. The tapered rod 33 is made of 440C stainless steel, and its tapered needle 331 has a taper angle of 60°, which contacts the cross-section of the cable core 102 of the cable 100.

[0034] In this embodiment, the longitudinal ruler 31 is provided with an adjustment groove 311, which extends along the length of the longitudinal ruler 31. The mounting component 32 includes a threaded inner connector 321 and a hollow bolt 322. The inner connector 321 and the hollow bolt 322 are respectively located on both sides of the adjustment groove 311 and can be adjusted in their installation positions on the adjustment groove 311. The cam surface of the hollow bolt 322 cooperates with the inner connector 321, and the mounting component 32 moves along the length of the longitudinal ruler 31 to achieve a center calibration accuracy of ±0.2mm, with a center offset ≤0.3mm (traditional manual visual inspection of the center deviation is >1mm), and a calibration speed ≤3 seconds. Compared with the traditional fixed connection structure, this significantly improves the adjustment flexibility and positioning accuracy of the mounting component 32 on the longitudinal ruler 31, making it easy to quickly adjust the position of the positioning component 3 according to different cable core sizes and testing requirements. This enhances the versatility and adaptability of the overall device, simplifies the operation process, and improves work efficiency.

[0035] In this embodiment, the tapered rod 33 passes sequentially through the inner connector 321, the adjusting groove 311, and the hollow bolt 322. This not only ensures a firm connection between the tapered rod 33 and the mounting component 32 and the longitudinal ruler 31, preventing the position of the tapered rod 33 from shifting during positioning, but also improves the structural strength and stability of the overall positioning assembly 3, ensuring that the tapered rod 33 can accurately contact the cross-section of the cable core 101, thereby improving positioning accuracy and detection effect. The inner connector 321 is made of nickel-plated brass, and its threaded part is screwed into the hollow bolt 322, fitting around the outer edge of the hollow bolt 322. The hollow bolt 322 is made of 304 stainless steel, and its head is screwed into the inner connector 321. After loosening the gap, the longitudinal center point is adjusted up and down.

[0036] In this embodiment, the end face rod 34 is connected to a support rod 35, which is connected to the longitudinal ruler 31 by connecting bolts 24. This enhances the stability and support of the end face rod 34, ensuring that the end face rod 34 maintains reliable positioning when moving along the length direction of the main ruler 2. This effectively improves the overall rigidity and accuracy of the positioning assembly 3, adapting to the precise measurement needs in complex environments.

[0037] In this embodiment, a handle 21 is provided on the main ruler 2, located at one end of the main ruler 2 near the positioning component 3. The handle 21 has a non-slip surface, making it easy for the operator to hold and adjust the position of the main ruler, improving ease of use and operational stability. The roundness deviation is <0.1mm, and the drawing time is ≤10 seconds, avoiding non-circular circumferential marking caused by discrete markings. With a white fluorescent drawing pen, the raised engraving on the vertical ruler 31, and the non-slip handle, a line-drawing device that operates without visual dependence can be formed, allowing operation to be completed at night / in tunnel marking scenarios with poor visibility.

[0038] In this embodiment, a mounting base 4 is provided on the vertex scale 23. The mounting base 4 is located at the end of the vertex scale 23 away from the main scale 2, and the drawing pen 1 is mounted on the mounting base 4. This enables flexible adjustment and stable positioning of the vertex scale 23, facilitates accurate measurement, enhances the applicability and measurement accuracy of the device, and avoids errors caused by unstable position of the drawing pen 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the mounting base 4 is provided with a mounting groove 41 and a bolt 24. The drawing pen 1 is inserted into the mounting groove 41 and fixedly connected to the mounting base 4 by the bolt 24. This ensures that the drawing pen 1 is installed firmly, preventing loosening or displacement during use, improving the accuracy and repeatability of drawing lines, and facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the drawing pen 1, thereby improving the overall ease of operation and maintenance efficiency of the device.

[0040] This utility model features a portable design with storage dimensions of 250×30×130mm, low-light adaptability, and stepless adjustment from Φ20–100mm. It overcomes complex working conditions such as those in the field, tunnels, and extreme cold. Axial / centering accuracy is more than three times that of railway standards, eliminating the risk of seal failure at its source. Single-person operation time is only 1 / 6 of traditional methods, meeting the "30-minute golden window" for railway emergency repairs. The total life-cycle cost is reduced by 58%, combining economic efficiency with engineering reliability. Laboratory tests using Φ11mm cables and 300 repeated operations showed: axial error distribution within 0.3mm accounted for 98.7% (railway standard: ±0.5mm); extreme centering offset was 0.28mm, meeting the tolerance requirements of high-pressure sealing rings.

[0041] In an emergency repair of a high-speed railway power cable, cable 100 has a specification of 70mm² and a stripping length of 280mm. The operator pulled the auxiliary ruler 23 to the 80mm mark and tightened the bolt 24. The operator rotated the cone rod 33 to ensure that its center line was accurately aligned. The measured offset was only 0.18mm. Then, a circle was drawn to generate a closed loop with a roundness error of only 0.07mm. After inspection by a coordinate measuring machine, the cable head sealing crimping was finally qualified on the first attempt, saving 12 minutes of repair time compared to the traditional method.

[0042] According to tests conducted by skilled operators, the average time to complete all steps is no more than 15 minutes. The specific operating steps are as follows:

[0043] Step 1: Axial Dimension Setting: First, press the rubber pad on the end face rod 34 firmly against the protective layer 102 of the cable end 100. If uneven, press appropriately to ensure a proper fit. Engage the spring steel ball on the end face rod 34 into the nearest slot on the main scale 2 to prevent slippage. Then, measure the stripping length. If the length is less than or equal to 200 mm, directly read the scale on the main scale 2 and slide the auxiliary scale 23 so that the tip 11 of the drawing pen 1 aligns with that scale. If the length is greater than 200 mm, pull out the auxiliary scale 23 to the corresponding extension position and tighten the bolt 24 to secure the auxiliary scale 23.

[0044] Step 2: Center Positioning: Press down the cone rod 33, and the cone needle 331 lightly touches the center area of ​​the cable cross-section. Observe the gap between the inner ring of the longitudinal ruler 31 and the outer edge of the cable, and roughly adjust to make the gap uniform. Then rotate the hollow bolt 32 and the cone rod 33 to fine-tune the position of the longitudinal ruler 31, achieving precise alignment of the center positioning line with the center of the cable cross-section. The visual error should be controlled within 0.3 mm. Finally, tighten the butterfly bolt 24 to lock it in place. This method can be adapted to cables 100 of different diameters. The contact distance of the cone needle 331 can be adjusted through the mounting piece 32.

[0045] Step 3: Circular Line Drawing: Press down on handle 21 with one hand, so that the tip 11 of the drawing pen 1 contacts the surface of cable 100, maintaining a pressure of approximately 3 Newtons. Rotate handle 21 clockwise one full turn around the cone 33. The pen tip 11 will create a continuous and closed white loop on the surface of cable 100, with a line width consistently around 0.3 mm. After completion, release handle 21, loosen bolt 24, and retract the vernier ruler 23 to its storage position.

Claims

1. A line marker for making cable heads, comprising a line marker (1), characterized in that, It also includes a main ruler (2) and a positioning component (3). The main ruler (2) extends along the length of the cable (100) and is attached to the cable (100). The positioning component (3) is connected to one end of the main ruler (2) near the end (110) of the cable (100). The positioning component (3) abuts against the center of the cable core (101). The drawing pen (1) is connected to one end of the main ruler (2) away from the end (110), and its tip (11) abuts against the surface of the cable (100). The main ruler (2) is provided with a groove (22), a secondary ruler (23) and a bolt (24). The groove (22) extends along the length of the main ruler (2). The secondary ruler (23) is movably inserted into the groove (22) and can move along the length of the main ruler (2). The bolt (24) is threadedly connected to the main ruler (2). The end of the bolt (24) abuts against the secondary ruler (23).

2. The marking tool for making cable heads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component (3) includes a longitudinal ruler (31), a mounting component (32), and a tapered rod (33). The longitudinal ruler (31) is connected to the main ruler (2) and extends along the length direction perpendicular to the main ruler (2). The mounting component (32) is installed on the longitudinal ruler (31). The tapered rod (33) is fitted into the mounting component (32) and extends along the length direction of the main ruler (2). The tapered needle (331) of the tapered rod (33) contacts the cross section of the cable core (101).

3. The marking tool for making cable heads according to claim 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal ruler (31) is provided with an adjustment groove (311), which extends along the length of the longitudinal ruler (31). The mounting component (32) includes a threaded inner connector (321) and a hollow bolt (322). The inner connector (321) and the hollow bolt (322) are respectively located on both sides of the adjustment groove (311) and can be adjusted to the installation position on the adjustment groove (311).

4. The marking tool for making cable heads according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tapered rod (33) passes through the inner joint (321), the adjusting groove (311) and the hollow bolt (322) in sequence.

5. The marking tool for cable head fabrication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component (3) includes an end face rod (34), one end of which is sleeved on the main scale (2) and can move along the length direction of the main scale (2), and the other end of which abuts against the protective layer (102) of the end head (110).

6. The marking tool for cable head fabrication according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end face rod (34) is connected to a support rod (35), which is connected to the longitudinal ruler (31) by a connecting bolt (24).

7. The marking tool for making cable heads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main ruler (2) is provided with a handle (21), which is located at one end of the main ruler (2) near the positioning component (3).

8. The marking tool for making cable heads according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The auxiliary ruler (23) is provided with a mounting base (4), which is located at the end of the auxiliary ruler (23) away from the main ruler (2), and the drawing pen (1) is mounted on the mounting base (4).

9. The marking tool for making cable heads according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting base (4) is provided with a mounting groove (41) and a bolt (24). The drawing pen (1) is inserted into the mounting groove (41) and fixedly connected to the mounting base (4) by the bolt (24).

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