Hydraulic system for emergency disengagement of iron roughneck from wellhead

Abstract

The utility model relates to technical field of iron driller hydraulic system especially relates to a kind of hydraulic system of iron driller emergency disengaging wellhead, including oil inlet oil circuit, oil return oil circuit and the telescopic oil circuit and rotary oil circuit that can be communicated with oil inlet oil circuit and oil return oil circuit, when hydraulic system is powered off, telescopic oil circuit and rotary oil circuit are disconnected with oil inlet oil circuit and keep communication with oil return oil circuit, and hydraulic system can be switched between retraction state and reverse state;Its beneficial effect is that oil liquid can be input to telescopic cylinder's rod cavity by the secondary oil circuit, so that hydraulic telescopic cylinder retracts, and then makes iron driller far away from wellhead in lateral direction;By communicating secondary oil circuit with reverse oil circuit, make iron driller reverse swing, far away from wellhead in circumferential direction, solve the safety hidden danger and safety accident problem caused by iron driller in the prior art in hydraulic electric control system failure or sudden power failure, cannot quickly and efficiently operate iron driller to leave work wellhead.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic systems for iron drillers, and in particular to a hydraulic system for iron drillers to escape from the wellhead in an emergency. Background Technology

[0002] As onshore oil exploration and development enters its mid-to-late stages and offshore oil exploration and development intensifies, higher demands are being placed on the reliability and safety of wellhead tools. In particular, the control of wellhead tools in emergency situations is especially crucial.

[0003] Currently, the main tool for fastening and unfastening pipe fittings in the oil and gas industry is the iron drill. However, when a control system malfunction or a sudden power outage renders the iron drill inoperable, it can only be forcibly removed from the wellhead position by manual labor or a winch. This emergency operation method is difficult, inconvenient, and time-consuming, and poses a great risk to the personal safety of the operators.

[0004] Therefore, when the iron drill control system malfunctions or suddenly loses power, how to enable the iron driller to safely, quickly, and effortlessly detach from the wellhead has become an important technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, this utility model provides a hydraulic system for emergency detachment of iron drillers from the wellhead. It solves the technical problem in the prior art that when the hydraulic system is powered off, iron drillers can only be forcibly detached from the wellhead position by manual labor or winch, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and poses significant safety hazards.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0009] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a hydraulic system for emergency detachment of a drill bit from the wellhead. The drill bit includes a hydraulic telescopic cylinder and a rotary motor. The hydraulic system includes an inlet oil circuit, a return oil circuit, and telescopic and rotary oil circuits that can communicate with the inlet and return oil circuits. The telescopic oil circuit includes an extension oil circuit and a retraction oil circuit that can be opened and closed, with the extension oil circuit and retraction oil circuit respectively corresponding to the rodless chamber and rod chamber of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder. The rotary oil circuit includes a reversing oil circuit that communicates with the rotary motor. The hydraulic system also includes an auxiliary oil circuit connected to the inlet oil circuit and capable of being opened and closed. When the hydraulic system is de-energized, the telescopic and rotary oil circuits are disconnected from the inlet oil circuit but remain connected to the return oil circuit. When the auxiliary oil circuit is opened and communicates with the rod chamber of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the retraction oil circuit is closed, the hydraulic system is in a retracted state. When the auxiliary oil circuit is opened and communicates with the reversing oil circuit, the hydraulic system is in a reverse state.

[0010] In one technical solution of this utility model, the iron drill also includes a hydraulic lifting cylinder, and the hydraulic system also includes a lifting oil circuit that can be connected to the inlet oil circuit and the return oil circuit and can be opened and closed. The lifting oil circuit is connected to the lower chamber of the hydraulic lifting cylinder. The hydraulic system also includes a pressure relief oil circuit that is connected to the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder and can be opened and closed. When the hydraulic system is de-energized, the lifting oil circuit is closed, and the hydraulic system can also switch to the lowering state. In the lowering state, the pressure relief oil circuit is opened so that the lifting cylinder outputs oil under the weight of the piston and rod.

[0011] In one technical solution of this utility model, the iron drill also includes an oil collection box, which is suitable for collecting the oil output from the pressure relief oil circuit.

[0012] In one technical solution of this utility model, the hydraulic system further includes three solenoid directional valves that correspond one-to-one with the telescopic oil circuit, the lifting oil circuit, and the rotary oil circuit, and are suitable for connecting the three to the inlet oil circuit and the return oil circuit; the three solenoid directional valves can switch between a positive connection state, a cut-off state, and a reverse connection state; the positive connection state corresponds one-to-one with the extension state of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the lifting cylinder's rising state, and the rotary motor's forward rotation state; the reverse connection state corresponds one-to-one with the retraction state of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the lifting cylinder's lowering state, and the rotary motor's reverse rotation state; the cut-off state corresponds to the hydraulic system's power-off state, and in the cut-off state, the corresponding telescopic oil circuit, lifting oil circuit, and rotary oil circuit are all connected to the return oil circuit.

[0013] In one technical solution of this utility model, a first ball valve suitable for opening and closing the auxiliary oil circuit is provided on the auxiliary oil circuit, and the free end of the auxiliary oil circuit is connected to a male connector; a second ball valve suitable for opening and closing the retraction oil circuit is provided on the retraction oil circuit; the hydraulic system also includes an emergency oil circuit communicating with the rod chamber of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and the free end of the emergency oil circuit is connected to a first female connector; a third ball valve capable of opening and closing the pressure relief oil circuit is provided on the pressure relief oil circuit; the reversing oil circuit includes a first section, a second section, and a second male connector and a second female connector connecting the two, wherein one end of the first section is connected to a rotary motor, and the other end of the first section is connected to the second female connector; in the retraction state, the first ball valve is open, the second ball valve is closed, and the male connector is connected to the first female connector; in the descent state, the third ball valve is open; in the reversing state, the second female connector of the reversing oil circuit is disconnected from the second male connector and connected to the male connector.

[0014] In one technical solution of this utility model, the rotary oil circuit also includes a forward oil circuit, which has the same structure as the reverse oil circuit. When the hydraulic system is powered off, the hydraulic system can also switch to the forward state. In the forward state, the second female connector of the forward oil circuit is disconnected from the second male connector and connected to the main male connector, while the second female connector of the reverse oil circuit remains connected to the second male connector. In the reverse state, the second female connector of the reverse oil circuit is disconnected from the second male connector and connected to the main male connector, while the second female connector of the forward oil circuit remains connected to the second male connector.

[0015] In one technical solution of this utility model, the hydraulic system further includes a balance valve, which is located on the lifting oil circuit. When the solenoid directional valve corresponding to the lifting oil circuit switches to the reverse connection state, the oil in the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder can flow back to the return oil circuit through the balance valve and the corresponding solenoid directional valve. When the solenoid directional valve corresponding to the lifting oil circuit switches to the cut-off state, the discharge pressure of the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder is less than the set pressure of the balance valve, so that the passage of the lifting cylinder to the return oil circuit is disconnected.

[0016] In one technical solution of this utility model, the pressure relief oil circuit is connected to the lifting oil circuit, and the connection position is located between the balance valve and the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder.

[0017] In one technical solution of this utility model, the emergency oil circuit is connected to the retraction oil circuit and is located between the second ball valve and the rodless chamber of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder.

[0018] In one technical solution of this utility model, the hydraulic system further includes a fourth ball valve and an electromagnetic switch valve, both located on the oil inlet line. The fourth ball valve is located on the upstream side of the auxiliary oil line, and the electromagnetic switch valve is located on the downstream side of the auxiliary oil line. The electromagnetic switch valve is also located on the upstream side of the telescopic oil line, the lifting oil line, and the slewing oil line. When the hydraulic system is de-energized, the electromagnetic switch valve is in the open state.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of the driller from the wellhead in this utility model can, even if the hydraulic and electronic control system loses power, still retract the hydraulic telescopic cylinder by inputting oil into the rod chamber of the telescopic cylinder through the auxiliary oil circuit, thereby moving the driller away from the wellhead laterally; by connecting the auxiliary oil circuit with the reversing oil circuit, the driller can swing in the opposite direction, moving away from the wellhead circumferentially. This solves the problem of safety hazards and accidents caused by the inability to quickly and easily operate the driller to leave the working wellhead when the hydraulic and electronic control system fails or suddenly loses power, which is common in the prior art.

[0021] Meanwhile, this hydraulic system does not require major modifications to the original hydraulic circuit; only additional oil lines and connecting joints are needed. This allows relevant personnel to more easily improve upon the existing hydraulic system, simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0022] Meanwhile, since this utility model is an improvement on the hydraulic system, the entire state switching operation process can be improved by setting the integrated operation point far away from the wellhead through reasonable pipeline length setting, which greatly improves the operational safety of the hydraulic system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of this utility model when it is switched to the retracted state;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of this utility model when it switches to the reverse state;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of this utility model when it switches to the forward rotation state;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the iron drill of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a top view of the iron drill of this utility model.

[0029] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0030] 100. Iron driller;

[0031] 1: Hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 1a. Rodless chamber; 1b. Rod chamber;

[0032] 2: Rotary motor;

[0033] 3: Hydraulic lifting cylinder;

[0034] 4: Oil inlet circuit; 4a: Fourth ball valve; 4b: Solenoid switch valve;

[0035] 5: Return oil circuit;

[0036] 6: Telescopic oil circuit; 61: Extension oil circuit; 62: Retraction oil circuit; 62a: Second ball valve;

[0037] 7: Lifting hydraulic circuit;

[0038] 8: Rotary oil circuit; 81: Reverse oil circuit; 82: Forward oil circuit;

[0039] 811. First section; 812. Second section; 813. Second male head; 814. Second female head;

[0040] 9. Auxiliary oil passage; 9a. First ball valve; 9b. Main valve head;

[0041] 10. Pressure relief oil circuit; 10a. Third ball valve;

[0042] 11. Solenoid directional valve;

[0043] 12. Emergency oil circuit; 12a. First female connector;

[0044] 13. Balancing valve; Detailed Implementation

[0045] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-6 This invention will be described in detail through specific embodiments. Wherein, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" mentioned herein are used in a specific manner. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] Reference Figures 1-6This utility model provides a hydraulic system for emergency detachment of a drill rig from the wellhead. The drill rig 100 includes a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1 and a rotary motor 2. The hydraulic system includes an inlet oil passage 4, a return oil passage 5, and a telescopic oil passage 6 and a rotary oil passage 8 that can communicate with the inlet oil passage 4 and the return oil passage 5. The telescopic oil passage 6 includes an extension oil passage 61 and a retraction oil passage 62 that can be opened and closed. The extension oil passage 61 and the retraction oil passage 62 respectively correspond to the rodless chamber 1a and the rod chamber 1b of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1. The hydraulic circuit 8 includes a reversing hydraulic circuit 81 connected to the rotary motor 2; the hydraulic system also includes an auxiliary hydraulic circuit 9 connected to the inlet hydraulic circuit 4 and capable of being opened and closed; when the hydraulic system is de-energized, the telescopic hydraulic circuit 6 and the rotary hydraulic circuit 8 are disconnected from the inlet hydraulic circuit 4 but remain connected to the return hydraulic circuit 5; when the auxiliary hydraulic circuit 9 is opened and connected to the rod chamber 1b of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1, and the retraction hydraulic circuit 62 is closed, the hydraulic system is in a retraction state; when the auxiliary hydraulic circuit 9 is opened and connected to the reversing hydraulic circuit 81, the hydraulic system is in a reversing state.

[0048] In this embodiment, a hydraulic system solution for emergency detachment of the drill 100 from the wellhead is provided. Even if the hydraulic control system loses power, oil can be supplied to the rod chamber 1b of the telescopic cylinder via the auxiliary oil circuit 9, causing the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1 to retract and thus move the drill 100 laterally away from the wellhead. By connecting the auxiliary oil circuit 9 to the reversing oil circuit 81, the drill 100 can swing in the opposite direction, moving away from the wellhead circumferentially. This solves the safety hazards and accidents caused by the inability to quickly operate the drill 100 to leave the working wellhead when the hydraulic control system fails or suddenly loses power, which is a problem in the prior art.

[0049] Meanwhile, this hydraulic system does not require major modifications to the original hydraulic circuit; only additional oil lines and connecting joints are needed. This allows relevant personnel to more easily improve upon the existing hydraulic system, simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0050] Meanwhile, since this utility model is an improvement on the hydraulic system, the entire state switching operation process can be improved by setting the integrated operation point far away from the wellhead through reasonable pipeline length setting, which greatly improves the operational safety of the hydraulic system.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0053] The iron drill 100 also includes a hydraulic lifting cylinder 3, and the hydraulic system also includes a lifting oil circuit 7 that can be connected to the oil inlet circuit 4 and the oil return circuit 5 and can be opened and closed. The lifting oil circuit 7 is connected to the lower chamber of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3. The hydraulic system also includes a pressure relief oil circuit 10 that is connected to the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder and can be opened and closed. When the hydraulic system is de-energized, the lifting oil circuit 7 is closed, and the hydraulic system can also switch to the lowering state. In the lowering state, the pressure relief oil circuit 10 is opened so that the lifting cylinder outputs oil under the weight of the piston and rod.

[0054] In this embodiment, the hydraulic system also enables the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 to descend after the hydraulic system is de-energized, thereby allowing the iron drill 100 to descend and reset vertically, further disengaging it from the wellhead position. After the pressure relief oil circuit 10 is opened and the lifting oil circuit 7 is closed, the lifting cylinder, under the weight of its piston and rod, causes the pressure relief oil circuit 10 to output oil, thereby lowering the height of the lifting cylinder.

[0055] Specifically, the lifting oil circuit 7 is connected to the lower chamber of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 to control the lifting cylinder's upward movement. The pressure relief oil circuit 10 is used to release the pressure in the lower chamber under specific working conditions, thereby achieving controlled descent of the lifting cylinder.

[0056] In the descent state, the pressure relief oil circuit 10 is opened, while the lifting oil circuit 7, which is originally used for oil supply, is closed. At this time, the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 moves downward under the weight of its internal piston assembly and rod, pushing the oil in the lower chamber out through the pressure relief oil circuit 10. This gravity-driven method is not only simple in structure and quick in response, but also requires no additional energy support, making it particularly suitable for maintaining equipment controllability in emergency situations.

[0057] As oil continues to drain, the height of the lifting cylinder gradually decreases, causing the entire Iron Drill 100 to return to its original position, further distancing it from the wellhead area in the vertical direction and creating a more comprehensive three-dimensional escape path. This design effectively enhances the equipment's safety protection capabilities in emergency situations, avoiding operational risks caused by vertical locking.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0060] The Iron Drill 100 also includes an oil collection box, which is suitable for collecting the oil output from the pressure relief oil circuit 10.

[0061] In this embodiment, the oil receiving box is connected to the output end of the pressure relief oil circuit 10, and is specifically used to receive and store the hydraulic oil discharged from the pressure relief oil circuit 10. This structural design not only improves the environmental performance of the system, but also effectively prevents secondary safety hazards such as ground pollution or slipping caused by random oil leakage during emergency operations.

[0062] When the hydraulic system is in the lowering state, the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 moves downward under the weight of its piston and rod, pushing the oil in its lower chamber out through the pressure relief oil circuit 10. This oil is no longer directly discharged into the external environment, but is guided to the oil collection box for centralized recycling. This method ensures cleanliness and safety at the work site, while also facilitating subsequent unified treatment or reuse of the oil, reducing maintenance costs and environmental pollution risks.

[0063] In addition, the hydraulic recovery box can also serve as a visual indicator of the hydraulic system's operating status. By observing the flow rate and velocity of the hydraulic fluid within the recovery box, operators can indirectly determine whether the pressure relief process is proceeding normally, thus providing some auxiliary reference information for emergency operations.

[0064] Example 4:

[0065] Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0066] The hydraulic system also includes three solenoid directional valves 11 that correspond one-to-one with the telescopic oil circuit 6, the lifting oil circuit 7, and the rotary oil circuit 8, and are suitable for connecting the three to the inlet oil circuit 4 and the return oil circuit 5; the three solenoid directional valves 11 can switch between a positive connection state, a closed state, and a reverse connection state; the positive connection state corresponds to the extension state of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1, the lifting cylinder's rising state, and the rotary motor 2's forward rotation state; the reverse connection state corresponds to the retraction state of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1, the lifting cylinder's lowering state, and the rotary motor 2's reverse rotation state; the closed state corresponds to the hydraulic system's de-energized state.

[0067] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic directional valve 11 is a three-position four-way directional valve, and in the closed state, the corresponding oil circuits are all connected to the return oil circuit 5 to ensure that the oil can flow back smoothly and avoid the jamming problem caused by oil flow compensation when the hydraulic system is used in an emergency.

[0068] The electromagnetic reversing valve 11 can flexibly switch the working states of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1, the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 and the rotary motor 2 when the hydraulic system is in normal use, ensuring the overall action performance of the iron drill 100.

[0069] Specifically, the three solenoid directional valves 11 correspond one-to-one with the telescopic oil circuit 6, the lifting oil circuit 7, and the slewing oil circuit 8, respectively, and are used to control the on / off connection between these functional oil circuits and the main inlet oil circuit 4 and the return oil circuit 5. As the core control components of the hydraulic system, these three solenoid directional valves 11 can flexibly switch between three working states based on the input of the electrical control signal: positive connection state, closed state, and reverse connection state, thereby achieving precise control over the direction and state of action of each actuator of the Drill 100.

[0070] When the solenoid directional valve 11 is in the "positive connection state," its corresponding oil circuit is configured to drive the hydraulic actuator to move in a predetermined direction: for example, for the telescopic oil circuit 6, this state drives the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1 to extend; for the lifting oil circuit 7, this state drives the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 to rise; and for the rotary oil circuit 8, it causes the rotary motor 2 to rotate in the forward direction. In this state, the system operates normally, and the drill 100 has complete operational capabilities, able to complete various drilling auxiliary tasks according to operating instructions.

[0071] When the solenoid directional valve 11 switches to the "reverse connection state," the flow of oil is reversed, thereby causing the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1 to retract, the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 to descend, and the rotary motor 2 to reverse. This state is used for the equipment's operation reset process, ensuring that the iron drill 100 can quickly withdraw from the working position when needed.

[0072] In the event of a power outage or other electrical control malfunction that prevents the electromagnetically driven valve body from switching, the electromagnetic directional valve 11 will automatically return to the "off state." At this time, although the main control circuit fails, the internal structure of the three-position four-way directional valve ensures that each oil circuit remains connected to the return oil circuit 5, guaranteeing free flow of oil and pressure release in the system. This design effectively avoids the problem of motion stagnation caused by obstructed oil flow, and also provides the basis for subsequent emergency operations via mechanical or manual means.

[0073] Through three independently functioning and flexibly controlled solenoid directional valves 11, this hydraulic system achieves efficient integrated control of the Iron Drill 100's three major movements: extension, lifting, and rotation. Simultaneously, the rational design of the directional valves provides necessary support for emergency operation in abnormal conditions such as power outages. This not only improves the overall intelligence and response speed of the hydraulic system but also significantly enhances the safety and adaptability of the Iron Drill 100 in complex operating environments.

[0074] Example 5:

[0075] Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0076] The auxiliary oil passage 9 is equipped with a first ball valve 9a suitable for opening and closing the auxiliary oil passage 9, and the free end of the auxiliary oil passage 9 is connected to a male connector 9b; the retraction oil passage 62 is equipped with a second ball valve 62a suitable for opening and closing the retraction oil passage 62; the hydraulic system also includes an emergency oil passage 12 connected to the rod chamber 1b of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1, and the free end of the emergency oil passage 12 is connected to a first female connector 12a; the pressure relief oil passage 10 is equipped with a third ball valve 10a capable of opening and closing the pressure relief oil passage 10; the reversing oil passage 81 includes a first section 811 and a second section 811. 812 and the second male connector 813 and the second female connector 814 connecting the two, wherein one end of the first section 811 is connected to the rotary motor 2, and the other end of the first section 811 is connected to the second female connector 814; in the retracted state, the first ball valve 9a is open, the second ball valve 62a is closed, and the main male connector 9b is connected to the first female connector 12a; in the descending state, the third ball valve 10a is open; in the reverse state, the second female connector 814 of the reverse oil circuit 81 is disconnected from the second male connector 813 and connected to the main male connector 9b.

[0077] The rotary hydraulic circuit 8 also includes a forward hydraulic circuit 82, which has the same structure as the reverse hydraulic circuit 81. When the hydraulic system is de-energized, the hydraulic system can still switch to the forward state. In the forward state, the second female connector 814 of the forward hydraulic circuit 82 is disconnected from the second male connector 813 and connected to the main male connector 9b, while the second female connector 814 of the reverse hydraulic circuit 81 remains connected to the second male connector 813. In the reverse state, the second female connector 814 of the reverse hydraulic circuit 81 is disconnected from the second male connector 813 and connected to the main male connector 9b, while the second female connector 814 of the forward hydraulic circuit 82 remains connected to the second male connector 813.

[0078] In this embodiment, a first ball valve 9a is provided on the auxiliary oil passage 9 to control its on / off state. One end of the auxiliary oil passage 9 is connected to the inlet oil passage 4, and the other end extends to be connected to the male connector 9b, serving as an operating interface for temporary connection with other oil passages. Similarly, a second ball valve 62a is provided on the retraction oil passage 62 to control the opening or closing of the retraction oil passage 62. The emergency oil passage 12 is connected to the rod chamber 1b of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1, and a first female connector 12a is provided at its free end, which can quickly connect with the male connector 9b of the auxiliary oil passage 9.

[0079] A third ball valve 10a is also installed on the pressure relief oil circuit 10 to control the opening and closing of the pressure relief oil circuit 10.

[0080] Both the reverse rotation oil circuit 81 and the forward rotation oil circuit 82 consist of three sections: the first section 811 is connected to the rotary motor 2 at one end and to a second female connector 814 at the other end; the second section 812 has a second male connector 813 at one end and is connected to the inlet oil circuit 4 and the return oil circuit 5 at the other end; the oil circuits of the first section 811 and the second section 812 are switched on and off by plugging and unplugging the second female connector 814 and the second male connector 813. This modular design not only facilitates on-site maintenance and operation but also improves the adaptability of the system.

[0081] In the retracted state, the first ball valve 9a opens, allowing the auxiliary oil passage 9 to be open, while the second ball valve 62a is closed, blocking the original retracted oil passage 62. At this time, the male connector 9b at the end of the auxiliary oil passage 9 is connected to the first female connector 12a on the emergency oil passage 12, forming an oil supply path from the main inlet oil passage 4 through the auxiliary oil passage 9 and the emergency oil passage 12 to the rod chamber 1b of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1, thereby pushing the telescopic cylinder to complete the retracted action, causing the iron drill 100 to move laterally away from the wellhead.

[0082] In the descent state, the third ball valve 10a is opened, the pressure relief oil circuit 10 is connected, and the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 moves downward under the action of the piston and rod's own weight. The oil in the chamber is output through the pressure relief oil circuit 10 and collected in the oil collection box, realizing the vertical evacuation of the iron drill 100.

[0083] In the reverse state, the auxiliary oil passage 9 remains open, but the second female head 814 in the reverse oil passage 81 is disconnected from the second male head 813, and the second female head 814 is reconnected to the main male head 9b of the auxiliary oil passage 9, so that the oil in the auxiliary oil passage 9 flows into the reverse oil passage 81, driving the rotary motor 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, and driving the iron drill 100 away from the wellhead in the circumferential direction.

[0084] Furthermore, the rotary oil circuit 8 also includes a forward oil circuit 82 with the same structure as the reverse oil circuit 81, used to drive the rotary motor 2 to rotate forward in normal operating mode. In the power-off state, the second female connector 814 in the forward oil circuit 82 can be connected to the main male connector 9b of the auxiliary oil circuit 9 to form a new oil supply channel, so that the rotary motor 2 can rotate forward as needed.

[0085] It should be noted that in an emergency, when the rotary motor 2 is rotated forward or reversed, only one of the forward rotation oil circuit 82 and the reverse rotation oil circuit 81 can be disconnected to ensure that the hydraulic oil can flow back to the return oil circuit 5 through the other one.

[0086] Example 6:

[0087] Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0088] The hydraulic system also includes a balance valve 13, which is located on the lifting oil circuit 7. When the solenoid directional valve 11 corresponding to the lifting oil circuit 7 is switched to the reverse connection state, the oil in the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder can flow back to the return oil circuit 5 through the balance valve 13 and the corresponding solenoid directional valve 11. When the solenoid directional valve 11 corresponding to the lifting oil circuit 7 is switched to the shut-off state, the discharge pressure of the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder is less than the set pressure of the balance valve 13, so that the passage from the lifting cylinder to the return oil circuit 5 is disconnected.

[0089] In this embodiment, the balance valve 13 is installed on the lifting oil circuit 7, specifically located in the oil circuit connection section between the lower chamber of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 and the solenoid directional valve 11. This configuration effectively enhances the load holding capacity and controllable descent performance of the lifting cylinder under different working conditions.

[0090] When the solenoid directional valve 11 corresponding to the lifting oil circuit 7 is in the "reverse connection state," that is, when the system is performing the lowering operation of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3, the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder establishes a connection path with the return oil circuit 5 through the solenoid directional valve 11. At the same time, the oil also needs to flow back to the return oil circuit 5 after passing through the balance valve 13. During this process, the balance valve 13 dynamically adjusts according to its set pressure threshold to ensure that the oil can be discharged smoothly under controlled conditions, preventing uncontrolled descent or excessive oil pressure fluctuations caused by sudden load release, thereby achieving a smooth and safe lowering operation.

[0091] When the system experiences a power outage or other reasons that cause the solenoid directional valve 11 to switch to the "off state," the entire lifting oil circuit 7 is cut off from the inlet end, remaining connected only to the return oil circuit 5. At this time, if there is a certain discharge pressure in the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder, but because the solenoid directional valve 11 is in the closed position, the oil can only flow through the balance valve 13 to the return oil circuit when the discharge pressure exceeds the set opening pressure of the balance valve 13. Conversely, if the actual discharge pressure is less than the set pressure of the balance valve 13, the balance valve 13 will remain closed, effectively isolating the discharge passage of the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder, thus creating a "hydraulic locking" effect.

[0092] This "hydraulic locking" mechanism is particularly important for ensuring the static safety of the Iron Drill 100 in case of emergencies. Even in the event of a power outage or when the hydraulic pump stops supplying oil, the balance valve 13 can prevent the lifting cylinder from falling unexpectedly due to gravity or other forces, thus giving the Iron Drill 100 a good load-holding capacity and avoiding safety accidents caused by the equipment slipping due to its own weight.

[0093] Example 7:

[0094] Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0095] The pressure relief oil circuit 10 is connected to the lifting oil circuit 7, and the connection position is located between the balance valve 13 and the lower chamber of the lifting oil cylinder; the emergency oil circuit 12 is connected to the retraction oil circuit 62, and is located between the second ball valve 62a and the rodless chamber 1a of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 1.

[0096] Through the above design, a portion of the lifting oil circuit 7 is cleverly used as part of the pressure relief oil circuit 10, and a portion of the retraction oil circuit 62 is used as part of the emergency oil circuit 12. This reduces the process cost of the hydraulic system while ensuring the reliability of oil output and input.

[0097] Example 8:

[0098] Reference Figures 1-6 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0099] The hydraulic system also includes a fourth ball valve 4a and a solenoid switch valve 4b, both located on the oil inlet circuit 4. The fourth ball valve 4a is located upstream of the auxiliary oil circuit 9, and the solenoid switch valve 4b is located downstream of the auxiliary oil circuit 9. The solenoid switch valve 4b is also located upstream of the telescopic oil circuit 6, the lifting oil circuit 7, and the slewing oil circuit 8. In the de-energized state, the solenoid switch valve 4b is in the open state.

[0100] In this embodiment, the fourth ball valve 4a is located upstream of the auxiliary oil passage 9, that is, before the branch of the inlet oil passage 4 into the auxiliary oil passage 9. The fourth ball valve 4a is used to control the oil supply of the entire inlet oil passage 4. Under normal operating conditions, it remains open; when it is necessary to cut off the oil supply or perform system maintenance, the fourth ball valve 4a can be manually closed to achieve rapid isolation, ensuring the safety of the operator and preventing malfunctions.

[0101] Meanwhile, the solenoid valve 4b is located downstream of the auxiliary oil circuit 9 and upstream of the telescopic oil circuit 6, the lifting oil circuit 7, and the slewing oil circuit 8. As a shared control node, the solenoid valve 4b manages the hydraulic fluid flow paths to each actuator. When the hydraulic system is under normal power supply, the solenoid valve 4b remains on according to the control signal, providing a stable power source for each functional oil circuit. When the system loses power or a fault signal is detected, the solenoid valve 4b automatically switches to the off state, cutting off the oil supply from the inlet oil circuit 4 to these functional oil circuits. This improves the stability and safety of the equipment under abnormal conditions and ensures that the oil in the inlet oil circuit 4 can flow more directly to the auxiliary oil circuit 9, improving the flow efficiency of the hydraulic fluid in emergency situations.

[0102] The design of the electromagnetic switch valve 4b fully considers its failure protection characteristics under power failure conditions. That is, when the power drive is lost, its internal structure is in the closed state by default. After the power is cut off, except for the auxiliary oil circuit 9 and its related oil circuits controlled by manual, other conventional oil circuits are effectively blocked, ensuring that all actions are performed only under controlled conditions, which improves the reliability and convenience of the hydraulic system.

[0103] It can be understood that, except for conflicting parts, the above embodiments 1-8 can be freely combined to form other embodiments of this utility model.

[0104] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0105] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0106] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0107] The term "comprising" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to those processes, articles, or apparatus / devices.

[0108] The technical solution of this utility model has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of this utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of a driller from the wellhead, characterized in that: The iron drill (100) includes a hydraulic telescopic cylinder (1) and a rotary motor (2); the hydraulic system includes an oil inlet circuit (4), an oil return circuit (5), and a telescopic circuit (6) and a rotary circuit (8) that can be connected to the oil inlet circuit (4) and the oil return circuit (5). The telescopic oil circuit (6) includes an extension oil circuit (61) and a retraction oil circuit (62) that can be opened and closed, which respectively connect to the rodless chamber (1a) and the rod chamber (1b) of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (1); the rotary oil circuit (8) includes a reverse oil circuit (81) connected to the rotary motor (2). The hydraulic system also includes an auxiliary oil circuit (9) connected to the oil inlet circuit (4) and capable of being opened and closed; when the hydraulic system is de-energized, the telescopic oil circuit (6) and the rotary oil circuit (8) are disconnected from the oil inlet circuit (4) and remain connected to the oil return circuit (5); When the auxiliary oil circuit (9) is opened and connected to the rod chamber (1b) of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (1), and the retraction oil circuit (62) is closed, the hydraulic system is in a retraction state; when the auxiliary oil circuit (9) is opened and connected to the reversing oil circuit (81), the hydraulic system is in a reversing state.

2. The hydraulic system for emergency wellhead evacuation for iron drillers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The iron drill (100) also includes a hydraulic lifting cylinder (3), and the hydraulic system also includes a lifting oil circuit (7) that can be connected to the oil inlet circuit (4) and the oil return circuit (5) and can be opened and closed. The lifting oil circuit (7) is connected to the lower chamber of the hydraulic lifting cylinder (3). The hydraulic system also includes a pressure relief oil circuit (10) that is connected to the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder and can be opened and closed. When the hydraulic system is de-energized, the lifting oil circuit (7) is closed, and the hydraulic system can also switch to the lowering state; In the descent state, the pressure relief oil passage (10) is opened so that the lifting cylinder outputs oil under the weight of the piston and rod.

3. The hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of a driller from the wellhead as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The iron drill (100) also includes an oil collection box adapted to collect the oil output from the pressure relief oil circuit (10).

4. The hydraulic system for emergency wellhead evacuation for iron drillers as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic system also includes three solenoid directional valves (11) that correspond one-to-one with the telescopic oil circuit (6), the lifting oil circuit (7) and the rotary oil circuit (8) and are adapted to connect the three with the inlet oil circuit (4) and the return oil circuit (5). All three electromagnetic directional valves (11) are capable of switching between a positive connection state, a closed state, and a reverse connection state; The positive connection state corresponds one-to-one with the extension state of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (1), the rising state of the lifting cylinder, and the forward rotation state of the rotary motor (2); The reverse connection state corresponds one-to-one with the retraction state of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (1), the descent state of the lifting cylinder, and the reverse state of the rotary motor (2); The cut-off state corresponds to the power-off state of the hydraulic system, and in the cut-off state, the corresponding telescopic oil circuit (6), the lifting oil circuit (7) and the slewing oil circuit (8) are all connected to the return oil circuit (5).

5. The hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of a driller from the wellhead as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary oil passage (9) is provided with a first ball valve (9a) suitable for opening and closing the auxiliary oil passage (9), and the free end of the auxiliary oil passage (9) is connected to a main male head (9b). The retraction oil passage (62) is provided with a second ball valve (62a) suitable for opening and closing the retraction oil passage (62). The hydraulic system also includes an emergency oil passage (12) connected to the rod chamber (1b) of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (1). The free end of the emergency oil passage (12) is connected to a first female head (12a). The pressure relief oil passage (10) is equipped with a third ball valve (10a) that can open and close the pressure relief oil passage (10). The reverse oil circuit (81) includes a first section (811), a second section (812), and a second male connector (813) and a second female connector (814) connecting the two. One end of the first section (811) is connected to the rotary motor (2), and the other end of the first section (811) is connected to the second female connector (814). In the retracted state, the first ball valve (9a) is open, the second ball valve (62a) is closed, and the male connector (9b) is connected to the first female connector (12a). In the lowered state, the third ball valve (10a) is opened; In the reverse state, the second female connector (814) of the reverse oil circuit (81) is disconnected from the second male connector (813) and connected to the main male connector (9b).

6. The hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of a driller from the wellhead as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The rotary oil circuit (8) also includes a forward oil circuit (82), which has the same structure as the reverse oil circuit (81); When the hydraulic system is powered off, the hydraulic system can still switch to forward rotation. In the forward rotation state, the second female connector (814) of the forward rotation oil circuit (82) is disconnected from the second male connector (813) and connected to the main male connector (9b), while the second female connector (814) of the reverse rotation oil circuit (81) remains connected to the second male connector (813). In the reverse state, the second female connector (814) of the reverse oil circuit (81) is disconnected from the second male connector (813) and connected to the main male connector (9b), while the second female connector (814) of the forward oil circuit (82) remains connected to the second male connector (813).

7. The hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of a driller from the wellhead as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic system also includes a balance valve (13), which is located on the lifting oil circuit (7); When the solenoid directional valve (11) corresponding to the lifting oil circuit (7) is switched to the reverse connection state, the oil in the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder can flow back to the return oil circuit (5) through the balance valve (13) and the corresponding solenoid directional valve (11). When the electromagnetic reversing valve (11) corresponding to the lifting oil circuit (7) switches to the cut-off state, the oil discharge pressure of the lower chamber of the lifting cylinder is less than the set pressure of the balance valve (13), so that the passage of the lifting cylinder to the return oil circuit (5) is disconnected.

8. The hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of a driller from the wellhead as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure relief oil circuit (10) is connected to the lifting oil circuit (7), and the connection position is located between the balance valve (13) and the lower chamber of the lifting oil cylinder.

9. The hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of a driller from the wellhead as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The emergency oil circuit (12) is connected to the retraction oil circuit (62) and is located between the second ball valve (62a) and the rodless chamber (1a) of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (1).

10. The hydraulic system for emergency evacuation of a driller from the wellhead as described in any one of claims 2-9, characterized in that: The hydraulic system also includes a fourth ball valve (4a) and a solenoid switch valve (4b) both disposed on the oil inlet circuit (4). The fourth ball valve (4a) is located on the upstream side of the auxiliary oil circuit (9), and the solenoid switch valve (4b) is located on the downstream side of the auxiliary oil circuit (9). The solenoid switch valve (4b) is located on the upstream side of the telescopic oil circuit (6), the lifting oil circuit (7) and the rotary oil circuit (8). When the hydraulic system is de-energized, the electromagnetic switch valve (4b) is in the off state.

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