A tensile testing apparatus for testing metal tubes
By introducing a combination of clamping structures such as wedge plates and flexible steel strips into the tensile testing equipment, the problems of clamping limitations and local crushing of long metal pipes in existing equipment have been solved, achieving efficient and accurate tensile performance testing.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YINGKOU HUAFENG POWER DEV CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing tensile testing equipment cannot directly clamp ultra-long pipes when testing metal pipes due to space limitations of the clamping body and lifting beam. Furthermore, traditional clamping methods are prone to causing local crushing or plastic deformation of the metal pipe, affecting the accuracy and reliability of the test.
A clamping structure including a wedge plate, a V-block, a deflection column, and a flexible steel strip was designed. The clamping point is extended to the front of the equipment by the wedge plate to achieve direct clamping of long pipes. The combination of the flexible steel strip and the pressure plate forms a three-point contact, which evenly distributes the clamping force and avoids local crushing.
It breaks through the limitation of metal tube length, improves testing efficiency, ensures the integrity and accuracy of the test, avoids damage to the metal tube caused by excessive local pressure, and provides more reliable test results.
Smart Images
Figure CN224399112U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of materials mechanics testing technology, and specifically provides a tensile testing device for testing metal tubes. Background Technology
[0002] Metal pipes, as important structural materials and fluid transport carriers, are widely used in construction, machinery, energy, chemical and other fields. Their tensile properties, such as yield strength, tensile strength and elongation, are key indicators for evaluating the mechanical properties of materials and ensuring engineering safety.
[0003] Currently, commonly used tensile testing equipment has several shortcomings when testing metal tubes. First, due to the limited space between the equipment clamp and the lifting beam, the length of metal tubes that can be directly clamped for testing is limited. For tubes exceeding this length, they usually need to be cut first to prepare short specimens. This not only increases the number of steps and reduces efficiency, but may also fail to reflect the overall performance of the long tube or the performance of specific locations. Second, traditional clamping methods, such as using V-blocks at a fixed angle, usually have line contact or small-area contact with the outer wall of the metal tube. When a large clamping force is applied, the pressure is concentrated, which can easily cause the metal tube (especially thin-walled tubes) to crush or undergo localized plastic deformation at the clamping point. This non-testing damage caused by the clamp not only destroys the specimen but also introduces additional stress concentration, causing premature fracture near the clamping end during the tensile process, or distorting the test data, failing to accurately reflect the material's inherent properties, and seriously affecting the accuracy and reliability of the test. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a tensile testing device for testing metal tubes.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a tensile testing device for testing metal tubes, comprising a platform, guide columns symmetrically mounted on both sides of the upper surface of the platform, a power device mounted inside the guide columns, and a lifting beam fixedly mounted at the output end of the power device, clamping bodies symmetrically mounted on the upper surface of the platform and the lower surface of the lifting beam, a trapezoidal groove opened on the front surface of the clamping body, and a wedge plate symmetrically mounted laterally within the trapezoidal groove, the front end of the wedge plate being located outside the clamping body, and a clamping mounting groove opened on the front end of the inner surface of the wedge plate, and a clamping structure fixedly mounted within the clamping mounting groove;
[0006] The clamping structure includes a V-shaped block, the groove of which is composed of two inclined surfaces and a vertical surface located between the two inclined surfaces. Each inclined surface of the V-shaped block is rotatably fitted with a deflection post, and a flexible steel strip is fitted between the two deflection posts. A pressure plate is elastically fitted to the vertical surface of the V-shaped block.
[0007] Furthermore, the inclined surface of the V-shaped block is provided with an installation groove, in which a main shaft is vertically fixedly installed. The deflection column is rotatably assembled on the main shaft, and the side wall of the deflection column is integrally formed with a triangular protrusion.
[0008] Furthermore, the side wall of the deflection column is provided with a placement groove and a limiting groove, and the limiting groove is located at the end of the placement groove. The depth of the limiting groove is greater than the depth of the placement groove. The two sides of the flexible steel strip are respectively wrapped in the placement grooves of the two deflection columns. Both ends of the flexible steel strip are vertically integrally formed with limiting protrusions, and the limiting protrusions are located in the limiting grooves.
[0009] Furthermore, the rear surface of the clamping plate is integrally formed with symmetrical fixing posts, and the ends of the fixing posts are fixedly installed with limit plates. The side walls of the fixing posts are fitted with limit rings. A disc spring assembly is assembled between one end of the limit ring and the rear surface of the clamping plate. The other end of the limit ring is integrally formed with an external threaded cylinder. The vertical surface of the clamping plate is provided with a threaded groove, and the external threaded cylinder is screwed into the threaded groove.
[0010] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary support structure, which includes a support horizontal plate and a fixing plate. The fixing plate is fixedly installed on the front surface of the clamping body. A support vertical plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support horizontal plate. A vertical trapezoidal groove is provided at the rear end of the support vertical plate. A trapezoidal slide rail corresponding to the vertical trapezoidal groove is provided on the front surface of the fixing plate, and the trapezoidal slide rail is inserted into the vertical trapezoidal groove. A through horizontal trapezoidal groove is provided on the side wall of the support horizontal plate. A trapezoidal slider is integrally formed on the upper surface of the wedge plate, and the trapezoidal slider is inserted into the horizontal trapezoidal groove.
[0011] The beneficial effects of using this utility model are:
[0012] This invention breaks through the limitation on the overall length of the metal tube by setting the clamping structure on the extended wedge plate on the outside of the clamping body, so that the clamping point is located in front of the main body of the equipment. This allows for the direct clamping and tensile testing of longer tubes without cutting, significantly improving testing efficiency and facilitating performance evaluation of different positions of the tube.
[0013] This invention incorporates a clamping plate, deflection posts, and a flexible steel strip on a V-shaped block to clamp the metal tube. This transforms the clamping force from a traditional two-point contact to a three-point support and large-area contact involving the clamping plate, two deflection posts, and the central flexible steel strip. This achieves uniform pressure on the tube wall, effectively disperses concentrated stress, and greatly avoids metal tube crushing or unexpected deformation caused by excessive local pressure, thus protecting the integrity of the sample. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0015] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the clamping body, wedge plate, clamping structure, and auxiliary support structure of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the wedge plate and clamping structure of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the clamping structure of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the deflection column and flexible steel strip of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 6 This is a front sectional view of the wedge plate and clamping structure of this utility model.
[0020] Figure 7 This is a top sectional view of the wedge plate and clamping structure of this utility model.
[0021] The reference numerals in the attached drawings include: 1. Platform, 2. Lifting beam, 3. Clamping body, 4. Wedge plate, 41. Trapezoidal slider, 5. Clamping structure, 51. V-block, 511. Mounting groove, 512. Main shaft, 513. Threaded groove, 52. Deflection column, 521. Placement groove, 522. Limiting groove, 53. Pressure plate, 531. Fixed column, 532. Limiting plate, 533. Limiting ring, 534. Disc spring assembly, 54. Flexible steel strip, 6. Auxiliary support structure, 61. Supporting horizontal plate, 62. Fixed plate, 621. Trapezoidal slide rail, 63. Supporting vertical plate. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 7A tensile testing device for testing metal tubes includes a platform 1. Guide columns are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the upper surface of the platform 1. A power device is mounted inside the guide columns, and a lifting beam 2 is fixedly installed at the output end of the power device. A clamping body 3 is symmetrically mounted on the upper surface of the platform 1 and the lower surface of the lifting beam 2. A trapezoidal groove is opened on the front surface of the clamping body 3, and a wedge plate 4 is symmetrically mounted in the trapezoidal groove. The front end of the wedge plate 4 is located outside the clamping body 3. A clamping installation groove is opened on the front end of the inner surface of the wedge plate 4, and a clamping structure 5 is fixedly installed in the clamping installation groove.
[0024] Platform 1, guide column, lifting beam, and clamping body 3 are all structures used in traditional metal tube tensile testing equipment, and the principle is the same, so they will not be described in detail here.
[0025] The front end of the wedge plate 4 extends to the outside of the clamping body 3, and the clamping structure 5 is located outside the clamping body 3 and the lifting beam 2. When conducting tensile tests on metal tubes, it is not necessary to cut the long metal tubes to the length specified by the equipment. This solution can be applied to the direct clamping and tensile testing of longer metal tubes, eliminating the cutting step and improving the testing efficiency. In addition, it is convenient to conduct tensile tests at different clamping positions.
[0026] Correspondingly, for platform 1, a groove is provided at the position corresponding to the clamping structure 5 to avoid obstructing the metal tube.
[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the clamping structure 5 includes a V-block 51. The groove of the V-block 51 is composed of two inclined surfaces and a vertical surface located between the two inclined surfaces. Each inclined surface of the V-block 51 is rotatably equipped with a deflection post 52. A flexible steel strip 54 is assembled between the two deflection posts 52. A pressure plate 53 is elastically assembled on the vertical surface of the V-block 51.
[0028] When the two V-blocks 51 clamp the metal tube, the clamping plate 53 and the deflection post 52 apply the main radial clamping force, and the deflection post 52 also plays a positioning role.
[0029] The flexible steel strip 54 is made of elastic metal and has elasticity; its initial shape is... Figure 7 The shape shown has a middle section with an arc greater than the arc of the largest diameter metal tube that the device can clamp. Therefore, the flexible steel strip 54 will deform when clamping the metal tube. When clamping metal tubes of different diameters, the outer wall of the metal tube first contacts the surface of the flexible steel strip 54, and then contacts the deflection post 52 and the pressure plate 53 through the flexible steel strip 54. When the clamping structures on both sides apply pressure, the deflection post 52, the pressure plate 53 and the flexible steel strip 54 work together to complete the clamping of the metal tube.
[0030] By designing the deflection column 52 and the clamping plate 53, unlike the traditional V-block clamping which only has two points of contact, this device forms a clamping system with three points of contact on a single V-block 51, resulting in more stable clamping. Simultaneously, the flexible steel band 54 allows for surface contact with the outer wall of the metal tube. Combined with the pressure applied by the V-block 51 and the elasticity of the flexible steel band 54 after deformation, this creates pressure on the outer wall of the metal tube, achieving uniform pressure on the metal tube. This prevents excessive localized pressure on the metal tube, which could damage the test results. The design of the deflection column 52, the clamping plate 53, and the flexible steel band 54 ensures uniform pressure, avoids localized deformation of the metal tube, and improves the accuracy of the test.
[0031] For the flexible steel strip 54, friction textures can be set on its surface in contact with the metal tube.
[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the inclined surface of the V-shaped block 51 has an installation groove 511, in which the main shaft 512 is vertically fixed. The deflection column 52 is rotatably assembled on the main shaft 512, and the side wall of the deflection column 52 has a triangular protrusion integrally formed.
[0033] The deflection column 52 can rotate on the main shaft 512; both sides of the triangular protrusion are tangent to the side wall of the deflection column 52, making the cross-sectional shape of the deflection column 52 teardrop-shaped. The triangular protrusion is provided so that its surface can provide additional support and force transmission for the flexible steel strip 54, further avoiding pressure concentration and preventing deformation of the metal tube.
[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the side wall of the deflection column 52 is provided with a placement groove 521 and a limiting groove 522, and the limiting groove 522 is located at the end of the placement groove 521. The depth of the limiting groove 522 is greater than the depth of the placement groove 521. The two sides of the flexible steel strip 54 are respectively wrapped in the placement grooves 521 of the two deflection columns 52. Both ends of the flexible steel strip 54 are vertically integrally formed with limiting protrusions, and the limiting protrusions are located in the limiting grooves 522.
[0035] When the deflection post 52 is installed into the mounting groove 511, the mounting groove 511 will limit the flexible steel strip 54 located in the placement groove 521. With the setting of the limiting protrusion in the limiting groove 522, the assembly of the flexible steel strip 54 is realized.
[0036] The limiting protrusion can move within the limiting groove 522. In conjunction with the deflection of the deflection column 52, it can ensure that the flexible steel strip 54 can effectively adhere to the outer wall of the metal tube when clamping metal tubes of different diameters. After the metal tube is removed, the flexible steel strip 54 is used to reset the tube.
[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rear surface of the clamping plate 53 is integrally formed with symmetrical fixing posts 531. Each end of the fixing post 531 is fixedly installed with a limiting plate 532. The side wall of the fixing post 531 is sleeved with a limiting ring 533. One end of the limiting ring 533 is fitted with a disc spring assembly 534 between it and the rear surface of the clamping plate 53. The other end of the limiting ring 533 is integrally formed with an external threaded cylinder. The vertical surface of the clamping plate 53 is provided with a threaded groove 513, and the external threaded cylinder is screwed into the threaded groove 513.
[0038] Initially, the clamping plate 53 is attached to the inner surface of the flexible steel strip 54; the disc spring is characterized by its ability to provide a large load in a small space, so when clamping the metal tube, the clamping force can be effectively transmitted to the clamping plate 53 through the disc spring assembly 534, and finally complete the clamping of the metal tube.
[0039] By adjusting the number of disc springs in disc spring assembly 534, the applicable diameter range of the metal tube can be set.
[0040] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes an auxiliary support structure 6, which includes a support horizontal plate 61 and a fixing plate 62. The fixing plate 62 is fixedly installed on the front surface of the clamp body 3. A support vertical plate 63 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support horizontal plate 61. A vertical trapezoidal groove is provided at the rear end of the support vertical plate 63. A trapezoidal slide rail 621 corresponding to the vertical trapezoidal groove is provided on the front surface of the fixing plate 62, and the trapezoidal slide rail 621 is inserted into the vertical trapezoidal groove. A through horizontal trapezoidal groove is provided on the side wall of the support horizontal plate 61. A trapezoidal slider 41 is integrally formed on the upper surface of the wedge plate 4, and the trapezoidal slider 41 is inserted into the horizontal trapezoidal groove.
[0041] The tension is applied at the lifting beam 2, and the metal tube is clamped at the outside of the lifting beam 2. In order to improve the stability of force transmission and ensure that the metal tube is subjected to vertical tension, an auxiliary support structure 6 is designed to provide auxiliary support for the wedge plate 4 to ensure its stability during the test.
[0042] By designing the horizontal support plate 61 and the horizontal trapezoidal slide, the lateral movement of the wedge plate 4 is not affected while achieving support stability. By designing the trapezoidal slide rail 621 and the vertical support plate 63, the vertical movement of the clamp body 3 is not affected while achieving support stability.
[0043] The above content is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, many changes can be made in the specific implementation and application scope based on the concept of this utility model. As long as these changes do not depart from the concept of this utility model, they all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A tension testing apparatus for testing metal tubes, characterized by: The device includes a platform, on which guide columns are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the upper surface. A power device is installed inside the guide columns, and a lifting beam is fixedly installed at the output end of the power device. A clamping body is symmetrically mounted on the upper surface of the platform and the lower surface of the lifting beam. A trapezoidal groove is opened on the front surface of the clamping body, and a wedge plate is symmetrically mounted in the trapezoidal groove. The front end of the wedge plate is located outside the clamping body. A clamping installation groove is opened on the front end of the inner surface of the wedge plate, and a clamping structure is fixedly installed in the clamping installation groove. The clamping structure includes a V-shaped block, the groove of which is composed of two inclined surfaces and a vertical surface located between the two inclined surfaces. Each inclined surface of the V-shaped block is rotatably fitted with a deflection post, and a flexible steel strip is fitted between the two deflection posts. A pressure plate is elastically fitted to the vertical surface of the V-shaped block.
2. A pull testing apparatus for testing metal pipes as defined in claim 1, wherein: The inclined surface of the V-shaped block is provided with an installation groove, and a main shaft is vertically fixedly installed in the installation groove. The deflection column is rotatably assembled on the main shaft, and the side wall of the deflection column is integrally formed with a triangular protrusion.
3. A pull testing apparatus for testing metal pipes as defined in claim 1, wherein: The deflection column has a placement groove and a limiting groove on its side wall, and the limiting groove is located at the end of the placement groove. The depth of the limiting groove is greater than the depth of the placement groove. The two sides of the flexible steel strip are respectively wrapped around the placement grooves of the two deflection columns. Both ends of the flexible steel strip are vertically and integrally formed with limiting protrusions, and the limiting protrusions are located in the limiting grooves.
4. A pull testing apparatus for testing metal pipes as defined in claim 1, wherein: The rear surface of the clamping plate is integrally formed with symmetrical fixing posts. Each end of the fixing post is fixedly installed with a limit plate. The side wall of the fixing post is fitted with a limit ring. A disc spring assembly is assembled between one end of the limit ring and the rear surface of the clamping plate. The other end of the limit ring is integrally formed with an external threaded cylinder. The vertical surface of the clamping plate is provided with a threaded groove, and the external threaded cylinder is screwed into the threaded groove.
5. A pull testing apparatus for testing metal pipes as defined in claim 1, wherein: It also includes an auxiliary support structure, which includes a support horizontal plate and a fixing plate. The fixing plate is fixedly installed on the front surface of the clamping body. A support vertical plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support horizontal plate. A vertical trapezoidal groove is provided at the rear end of the support vertical plate. A trapezoidal slide rail corresponding to the vertical trapezoidal groove is provided on the front surface of the fixing plate, and the trapezoidal slide rail is inserted into the vertical trapezoidal groove. A through horizontal trapezoidal groove is provided on the side wall of the support horizontal plate. A trapezoidal slider is integrally formed on the upper surface of the wedge plate, and the trapezoidal slider is inserted into the horizontal trapezoidal groove.