A device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of prevent coal gangue spontaneous combustion's device, belong to coal gangue management field, including multilayer heat monitoring recovery and emergency management mechanism arranged in coal gangue inside in stratification, each layer heat monitoring recovery and emergency management mechanism includes temperature sensor, support frame and the heat exchange pipe arranged in support frame inside in dot matrix arrangement, multiple elastic capillary tubes in annular array arrangement are communicated with on heat exchange pipe, one end of elastic capillary tube far from heat exchange pipe is connected with pressure pop -out component;The inlet and outlet of heat exchange pipe are communicated with heat recovery component and emergency management component respectively through two-position three-way solenoid valve, temperature sensor is electrically connected with two-position three-way solenoid valve through PLC controller.The above-mentioned kind of prevent coal gangue spontaneous combustion's device can actively absorb deep heat, recover heat while reducing the temperature inside coal gangue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal gangue treatment technology, and in particular to a device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is a low-carbon solid waste generated during coal mining and washing. Its open-air accumulation can easily lead to spontaneous combustion. Traditional prevention methods and their corresponding drawbacks are as follows:

[0003] 1. Passive covering method: Loess or fly ash is used to cover the surface of coal gangue, but the covering layer is prone to weathering and cracking and fails, and cannot solve the problem of deep heat accumulation.

[0004] 2. Water injection / grouting for cooling: Water injection can cool down in the short term, but the evaporation of water may accelerate the oxidation reaction; grouting has the defect of improper grout ratio leading to pipeline blockage.

[0005] 3. Heat monitoring: Existing devices mostly rely on manual inspection or a single temperature sensor, which makes it difficult to capture changes in the internal temperature gradient of the gangue pile in real time, resulting in low accuracy in locating the fire source. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device to prevent spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, thereby solving the aforementioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, including a multi-layer heat monitoring, recovery and emergency treatment mechanism arranged in layers inside the coal gangue. Each layer of the heat monitoring, recovery and emergency treatment mechanism includes a temperature sensor arranged in a dot matrix, a support frame and a heat exchange tube arranged inside the support frame. Multiple elastic capillaries arranged in a ring array are axially connected to the heat exchange tube. The end of the elastic capillaries away from the heat exchange tube is connected to a pressure ejection component.

[0008] The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tube are connected to the heat recovery component and the emergency treatment component respectively via two-position three-way solenoid valves, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the two-position three-way solenoid valves via a PLC controller.

[0009] Preferably, the heat recovery component includes a household insulated water storage tank, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a two-position three-way solenoid valve located at the outlet of the heat exchange tube.

[0010] The inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve located at the inlet end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the outlet of the tap water network.

[0011] Preferably, the emergency treatment component includes a liquid nitrogen refrigerator, the outlet of which is connected to the liquid nitrogen inlet of a two-position three-way solenoid valve located at the inlet end of the heat exchange tube, and the inlet of which is connected to the residual liquid nitrogen recovery port of a two-position three-way solenoid valve located at the outlet end of the heat exchange tube.

[0012] A booster pump is also installed on the pipeline between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen chiller and the liquid nitrogen inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve.

[0013] Both the liquid nitrogen chiller and the pressurizing pump are electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure ejection assembly includes a positioning mesh and a rubber plug disposed inside the elastic capillary, and the positioning mesh and the rubber plug are connected by a return spring.

[0015] Preferably, the support frame is a square frame structure made of support mesh. The square frame structure has crisscrossing and interconnected pipe-laying channels inside, and heat exchange tubes are arranged inside the pipe-laying channels. The elastic capillaries on the heat exchange tubes extend out from the mesh holes of the support mesh.

[0016] Preferably, the heat exchange tube is a metal tube, and the elastic capillary is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) capillary tube, which is bonded to the outside of the metal tube with epoxy resin.

[0017] Preferably, the outer wall of the coal gangue is also sprayed with fly ash-based slurry, which is prepared according to the mass ratio of fly ash: water: sodium silicate = 5:3:1.

[0018] Therefore, the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue are as follows:

[0019] 1. By using a multi-layered heat monitoring, recovery, and emergency treatment mechanism installed inside the coal gangue, the temperature gradient changes inside the coal gangue can be actively monitored. Compared with traditional methods that rely on manual inspections or single temperature sensors, this improves the accuracy and timeliness of fire source location.

[0020] 2. When excessively high internal temperatures are detected in the coal gangue, emergency treatment components (such as liquid nitrogen chillers) can be quickly activated to rapidly cool the coal gangue by injecting liquid nitrogen, effectively preventing spontaneous combustion. Simultaneously, residual liquid nitrogen can be recycled and reused, improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0021] 3. The outer wall of the coal gangue is sprayed with fly ash-based slurry. This slurry can effectively isolate air and slow down the oxidation reaction rate of the coal gangue, thereby extending the time to prevent spontaneous combustion.

[0022] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a pipeline layout diagram of a device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure ejection component of the device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the heat exchanger tube arrangement of a device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure Labels

[0028] 1. Coal gangue; 2. Heat monitoring, recovery and emergency treatment mechanism; 21. Two-position three-way solenoid valve; 22. Heat exchange tube; 23. Elastic capillary tube; 24. Liquid nitrogen refrigerator; 25. Pressurization pump; 26. Pressure ejection assembly; 261. Rubber plug; 262. Return spring; 263. Positioning net; 27. Support net. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1-4As shown, a device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue includes a multi-layer heat monitoring, recovery, and emergency treatment mechanism 2 arranged in layers inside the coal gangue 1. Each layer of the heat monitoring, recovery, and emergency treatment mechanism 2 includes a temperature sensor arranged in a dot matrix, a support frame, and a heat exchange tube 22 arranged inside the support frame. Multiple elastic capillaries 23 arranged in a ring array are axially connected to the heat exchange tube 22. The end of the elastic capillaries 23 away from the heat exchange tube 22 is connected to a pressure ejector component 26. The inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 22 are connected to the heat recovery component and the emergency treatment component respectively via a two-position three-way solenoid valve 21. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the two-position three-way solenoid valve 21 via a PLC controller.

[0032] In this embodiment, the heat exchange tubes 22 of the multi-layer heat monitoring, recovery and emergency treatment mechanism 2 are connected by a connecting pipe.

[0033] Specifically, the heat recovery component includes a household insulated water storage tank. The inlet of the household insulated water storage tank is connected to the outlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 21 located at the outlet of the heat exchange tube 22. The household insulated water storage tank can be connected to the water heater and the faucet outlet respectively to meet the residents' demand for domestic hot and cold water. The inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 21 located at the inlet of the heat exchange tube 22 is connected to the outlet of the tap water network.

[0034] The emergency treatment component includes a liquid nitrogen chiller 24. The outlet of the liquid nitrogen chiller 24 is connected to the liquid nitrogen inlet of a two-position three-way solenoid valve 21 located at the inlet end of the heat exchange tube 22. The inlet of the liquid nitrogen chiller 24 is connected to the residual liquid nitrogen recovery port of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 21 located at the outlet end of the heat exchange tube 22. A pressure pump 25 is also installed on the pipeline between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen chiller 24 and the liquid nitrogen inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 21. Both the liquid nitrogen chiller 24 and the pressure pump 25 are electrically connected to a PLC controller.

[0035] The pressure ejection assembly 26 includes a positioning net 263 and a rubber plug 261 disposed inside the elastic capillary tube 23. The positioning net 263 and the rubber plug 261 are connected by a return spring 262. One end of the elastic capillary tube 23 where the pressure ejection assembly 26 is disposed has an outlet, which is used to activate emergency cooling when the temperature sensor detects a rapid increase in the internal temperature of the coal gangue 1. The rubber plug 261 is opened by impacting it with high-pressure liquid nitrogen. While cooling with liquid nitrogen, oxygen is isolated, thereby preventing spontaneous combustion.

[0036] The support frame is a square frame structure made of support mesh 27. The square frame structure has crisscrossing and interconnected tube channels inside to protect the internal heat exchange tubes 22. The heat exchange tubes 22 are arranged inside the tube channels. The elastic capillaries 23 on the heat exchange tubes 22 extend out of the mesh on the support mesh 27. That is, the mesh aperture is not smaller than the outer diameter of the elastic capillaries 23. The support frame is made of metal to improve heat transfer efficiency.

[0037] In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 22 is arranged in an arc shape to increase the heat exchange area.

[0038] The heat exchange tube 22 is a metal tube, and the elastic capillary tube 23 is a polytetrafluoroethylene capillary tube. The polytetrafluoroethylene capillary tube is bonded to the outside of the metal tube with epoxy resin.

[0039] The outer wall of coal gangue 1 is also sprayed with fly ash-based slurry. The fly ash-based slurry is prepared with a mass ratio of fly ash:water:sodium silicate = 5:3:1 to form a hard, sealed layer with a porosity of <5%, which reduces the amount of oxygen entering the interior of coal gangue 1.

[0040] It should be noted that the above electronic components are all mature products on the market. This embodiment only requires purchasing them and connecting them according to the instruction manual. No modifications have been made to them, so their structural principles will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Working process: Under normal conditions, low-temperature tap water is introduced into the heat exchange tube 22. After the low-temperature tap water enters the heat exchange tube 22, it absorbs the temperature inside the coal gangue 1 and is discharged into a household insulated water storage tank for later use. During this process, if cracks appear inside the coal gangue 1, the low-temperature tap water will press the elastic capillary tube 23 into the cracks to reduce the entry of air and further increase the heat exchange area.

[0042] When the temperature sensor detects a rapid increase in the local temperature inside the coal gangue 1, the two-position three-way solenoid valve 21 of the heat monitoring, recovery and emergency treatment mechanism 2 of this layer and the two layers above and below it is switched to the direction of connecting with the liquid nitrogen refrigerator 24. At the same time, the liquid nitrogen refrigerator 24 and the pressurizing pump 25 are turned on. The pressurizing pump 25 is used to pump the cooled high-pressure liquid nitrogen into the heat exchange tube 22. The high pressure impacts the rubber stopper 261 outward, overcoming the restoring force of the return spring 262, and pushes the rubber stopper 261 out of the elastic capillary tube 23. The elastic capillary tube 23 is opened, and the cooled liquid nitrogen can be discharged into the coal gangue 1 through the elastic capillary tube 23. While cooling, oxygen is isolated to prevent spontaneous combustion.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solution of this utility model, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, characterized in that: It includes a multi-layered heat monitoring, recovery and emergency treatment mechanism set in layers inside the coal gangue. Each layer of the heat monitoring, recovery and emergency treatment mechanism includes a temperature sensor arranged in a dot matrix, a support frame and a heat exchange tube set inside the support frame. Multiple elastic capillaries arranged in a ring array are axially connected to the heat exchange tube. The end of the elastic capillaries away from the heat exchange tube is connected to the pressure ejection component. The inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tube are connected to the heat recovery component and the emergency treatment component respectively via two-position three-way solenoid valves, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the two-position three-way solenoid valves via a PLC controller.

2. The device for preventing coal gangue spontaneous combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat recovery assembly includes a household insulated water tank, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a two-position three-way solenoid valve located at the outlet of the heat exchange tube. The inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve located at the inlet end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the outlet of the tap water network.

3. The device for preventing coal gangue spontaneous combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency treatment components include a liquid nitrogen chiller, the outlet of which is connected to the liquid nitrogen inlet of a two-position three-way solenoid valve located at the inlet end of the heat exchange tube, and the inlet of which is connected to the residual liquid nitrogen recovery port of a two-position three-way solenoid valve located at the outlet end of the heat exchange tube. A booster pump is also installed on the pipeline between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen chiller and the liquid nitrogen inlet of the two-position three-way solenoid valve. Both the liquid nitrogen chiller and the pressurizing pump are electrically connected to the PLC controller.

4. The device for preventing coal gangue spontaneous combustion according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure ejection assembly includes a positioning mesh and a rubber plug disposed inside an elastic capillary tube, and the positioning mesh and the rubber plug are connected by a return spring.

5. The device for preventing coal gangue spontaneous combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame is a square frame structure made of support mesh. The inside of the square frame structure is set with crisscrossing and interconnected pipe-laying channels. Heat exchange tubes are arranged inside the pipe-laying channels, and the elastic capillaries on the heat exchange tubes extend out from the mesh of the support mesh.

6. The device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube is a metal tube, and the elastic capillary tube is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) capillary tube. The PTFE capillary tube is bonded to the outside of the metal tube with epoxy resin.

7. The device for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the coal gangue is also sprayed with fly ash-based slurry, which is prepared by mass ratio of fly ash: water: sodium silicate = 5:3:1.

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