Automatic screwing station with quickly replaceable screwing head

Abstract

The application provides an automatic screwing work station with a quick replaceable screwing head, and belongs to the field of automatic assembly. The special equipment can realize automatic switching of the screwing head to adapt to screws of different specifications, implement an automatic operation process of picking, installing and screwing the screws, effectively detect and ensure that the length of the screws meets the requirements, ensure that the screwing meets the required screwing degree of assembly, and greatly improve the production efficiency and the qualified rate. The automatic screwing work station comprises a frame assembly, a nail disc assembly arranged on the frame assembly, a jacking and positioning assembly for lifting and positioning a tray, a quick change screwing assembly driven and connected by a three-axis moving assembly to move in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of a three-dimensional space, and a screwing head storage assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of automated assembly, and specifically proposes a workstation that can automatically and quickly change tightening heads to adapt to the automatic tightening operation of screws of different specifications. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industrial automation and intelligent control technologies, various processing and assembly machinery and equipment can significantly improve on-site operation efficiency and processing quality, and are therefore widely used.

[0003] For example, in the existing assembly process of the cover of the lifting drive gearbox, the specifications of the screws that need to be tightened are also quite complex due to the large number of product specifications. Currently, the main method is still manual installation and tightening, which requires frequent tool changes, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and quality control relies on the skills and experience of the operators to ensure quality, resulting in a high rework rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need for automated assembly equipment that can quickly tighten screws.

[0004] In view of the above, this patent application is hereby filed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The automatic tightening workstation with quick-change tightening heads described in this application aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art by proposing a special device that can automatically switch tightening heads to adapt to screws of different specifications, so as to implement an automated operation process for picking up, installing and tightening screws, thereby effectively detecting and ensuring that the screw length meets the requirements, ensuring that the tightening meets the required tightness for assembly, and greatly improving production efficiency and pass rate.

[0006] To achieve the above design objectives, the automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head includes a frame assembly, on which are mounted a nail tray assembly, a lifting and positioning assembly for supporting and positioning the tray, a quick-change tightening assembly driven by a three-axis motion assembly to move along the X, Y, and Z axes in three-dimensional space, and a tightening head storage assembly. The quick-change tightening assembly includes a mounting base plate mounted on a Z-axis slide rail assembly. On the mounting base plate are a gripper movement cylinder and a double-stroke cylinder connected to a vacuum generator and a pressure switch via pneumatic delivery pipelines. The output end of the gripper movement cylinder is connected to a gripper for clamping and straightening screws. The output end of the double-stroke cylinder is driven by a buffer spring to slide a guide rail slider on the Z-axis slide rail assembly. An automatic tightening gun is mounted on the guide rail slider. The quick-change tightening head is connected to the mounting base plate via a quick-change male connector mounted on the mounting base plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the quick-change tightening head includes a screw-collecting head for attracting and tightening screws. The screw-collecting head is connected to one side of the quick-change head mother plate by a connector, and the screwdriver bit is connected inside the screw-collecting head.

[0008] Furthermore, the three-axis moving assembly includes a mounting frame on which X-axis slide rail assembly, Y-axis slide rail assembly and Z-axis slide rail assembly are slidably connected in sequence, and a set of cable chains are connected to the sliding connection points between the X-axis slide rail assembly, Y-axis slide rail assembly and Z-axis slide rail assembly respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the tightening head storage assembly includes a base plate, on which a rodless cylinder and a guide rail slider assembly for slidingly connecting the tightening head bracket are provided. The rodless cylinder drives the tightening head bracket to reciprocate along the guide rail slider assembly, and a detection proximity switch is installed on the tightening head bracket.

[0010] Furthermore, the nail tray assembly includes a bracket, on which an array of positioning pins and at least one set of nail tray detection proximity switches are provided, and the nail tray is placed on top of the bracket.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting and positioning assembly includes a lifting base plate, a linear bearing and a cylinder mounted on the lifting base plate, the lifting plate being vertically connected to the linear bearing via two sets of guide shafts located on both sides to provide lifting guidance, the output end of the cylinder being driven and connected to the lifting plate via a floating joint, and a lifting and positioning pin for positioning the pallet being mounted on the lifting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a screw detection component is provided on one side of the nail disk assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the screw detection assembly includes a mounting component installed on the three-axis moving assembly, and an optical fiber for sensing and detecting the bottom of the screw is provided on the side end of the mounting component.

[0014] Furthermore, the frame assembly includes a tabletop, the bottom of which is connected to a bottom welding frame supported by several feet, and a protective door is installed at the front of the bottom welding frame.

[0015] In summary, the automatic tightening workstation with quick-change tightening heads has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. This application can quickly and automatically change the screwdriver to meet the assembly requirements of screws of different specifications.

[0017] 2. This application realizes an automatic screw picking, installation and tightening operation process, which significantly reduces the intensity of manual labor and improves work efficiency.

[0018] 3. This application can automatically adjust the tightening torque according to the detected screw specifications, thereby improving the product qualification rate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the following accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1This is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head described in this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the quick-change tightening assembly;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the quick-change tightening head;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-axis motion assembly;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the tightening head buffer assembly;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the nail disk assembly;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the framework components;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting and positioning component;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the screw detection assembly;

[0029] In the above attached figures: 1. Quick-change tightening assembly; 2. Three-axis movement assembly; 3. Tightening head storage assembly; 4. Nail tray assembly; 5. Frame assembly; 6. Lifting and positioning assembly; 7. Screw detection assembly; 1.1 Mounting base plate; 1.2 Guide rail slider; 1.3 Vacuum generator; 1.4 Gripper movement cylinder; 1.5 Gripper; 1.6 Quick-change tightening head; 1.7 Quick-change male head; 1.8 Pressure switch; 1.9 Buffer spring; 1.10 1. Automatic tightening gun; 1.11. Double-stroke cylinder; 1.6.1. Nail suction head; 1.6.2. Screwdriver bit; 1.6.3. Quick-change female head; 1.6.4. Mounting parts; 2.1. X-axis slide rail assembly; 2.2. Y-axis slide rail assembly; 2.3. Z-axis slide rail assembly; 2.4. Mounting bracket; 2.5. Cable chain; 3.1. Base plate; 3.2. Rodless cylinder; 3.3. Guide rail slider assembly; 3.4. Tightening head bracket; 3.5. Proximity detection switch; 4.1 Bracket; 4.2 Positioning pin; 4.3 Nail tray; 4.4 Nail tray detection proximity switch; 5.1 Tabletop; 5.2 Bottom welding frame; 5.3 Foot; 5.4 Protective door; 6.1 Lifting base plate; 6.2 Cylinder; 6.3 Linear bearing; 6.4 Guide shaft; 6.5 Floating joint; 6.6 Lifting plate; 6.7 Lifting positioning pin; 7.1 Fiber optic cable; 7.2 Mounting components. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 9As shown, this application proposes an automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head for assembling and tightening various screws or bolts. It includes a frame assembly 5, on which are mounted a nail tray assembly 4, a lifting and positioning assembly 6 for lifting and positioning the tray, a quick-change tightening assembly 1 driven and connected by a three-axis moving assembly 2 to move along the X, Y, and Z axes in three-dimensional space, and a tightening head storage assembly 3. A screw detection assembly 7 is provided on one side of the nail tray assembly 4.

[0031] The frame component 5 includes a platform 5.1 for supporting the above components. The bottom of the platform 5.1 is connected to a bottom welding frame 5.2 supported by several feet 5.3. A protective door 5.4 is installed at the front of the bottom welding frame 5.2.

[0032] The three-axis moving assembly 2 is used to drive the quick-change tightening assembly 1 to reciprocate along the X, Y, and Z axes in three-dimensional space to complete tasks such as nail removal and installation. It includes a mounting bracket 2.4 mounted on the 5.1 panel. The mounting bracket 2.4 is provided with X-axis slide rail assembly 2.1, Y-axis slide rail assembly 2.2, and Z-axis slide rail assembly 2.3 that are slidably connected in sequence. A set of drag chains 2.5 are connected to the sliding joints between the X-axis slide rail assembly 2.1, Y-axis slide rail assembly 2.2, and Z-axis slide rail assembly 2.3.

[0033] The quick-change tightening assembly 1 includes a mounting base plate 1.1 mounted on the Z-axis slide rail assembly 2.3. The mounting base plate 1.1 is equipped with a gripper movement cylinder 1.4 and a double-stroke cylinder 1.11, which are connected to a vacuum generator 1.3 and a pressure switch 1.8 via pneumatic conveying pipes. The output end of the gripper movement cylinder 1.4 is connected to a gripper 1.5 for clamping and straightening the screw. The output end of the double-stroke cylinder 1.11 drives a guide rail slider 1.2, which is slidably connected to the Z-axis slide rail assembly 2.3, via a buffer spring 1.9. An automatic tightening gun 1.10 is mounted on the guide rail slider 1.2. A quick-change tightening head 1.6 is connected to the mounting base plate 1.1 via a quick-change male head 1.7 mounted on the mounting base plate 1.1.

[0034] The quick-change tightening head 1.6 includes a screw-collecting head 1.6.1 for attracting and tightening screws. The screw-collecting head 1.6.1 is connected to one side of the quick-change head mother disc 1.6.3 by a connector 1.6.4, and a screwdriver bit 1.6.2 is connected inside the screw-collecting head 1.6.1. Each quick-change tightening head 1.6 corresponds to a screw size. During operation, the screw-collecting head 1.6.1 covers the screw head, and the negative pressure generated by the vacuum generator 1.3 attracts the screw. The pressure switch 1.8 detects the vacuum level in the pipeline to determine whether the screw has been attracted and whether the attracted screw meets the specifications.

[0035] After the quick-change tightening head 1.6 finishes picking up the screw, the gripper movement cylinder 1.4 drives the gripper 1.5 to clamp the screw and straighten it. In addition, the dual-stroke cylinder 1.11 has two control strokes. The first stroke is used to disengage the automatic tightening gun 1.10 from the quick-change tightening head 1.6 when changing it. The second stroke of the dual-stroke cylinder 1.11, in conjunction with the buffer spring 1.9, ensures that the bit 1.6.2 of the quick-change tightening head 1.6 does not disengage from the screw cap during the tightening process of the automatic tightening gun 1.10. Using the automatic tightening gun 1.10 to tighten the screw ensures that the tightening torque of the screw is within the required range. If the torque exceeds the range, an alarm will be triggered and an error will be displayed.

[0036] The tightening head storage assembly 3 includes a base plate 3.1 mounted on a table panel 5.1. A rodless cylinder 3.2 and a guide rail slider assembly 3.3 for slidingly connecting the tightening head bracket 3.4 are provided on the base plate 3.1. The rodless cylinder 3.2 drives the tightening head bracket 3.4 to reciprocate along the guide rail slider assembly 3.3. A proximity switch 3.5 is mounted on the tightening head bracket 3.4.

[0037] When the quick-change tightening head 1.6 needs to be replaced, the tightening head bracket 3.4 moves forward into the movement range of the three-axis moving assembly 2. After the quick-change tightening head 1.6 is replaced, the tightening head bracket 3.4 moves backward to move out of the movement range of the three-axis moving assembly 2 to avoid the tightening head storage assembly 3 interfering with the movement of the three-axis moving assembly 2. Additionally, the model of the quick-change tightening head 1.6 can be determined by detecting whether there is a signal at the corresponding position using the proximity switch 3.5.

[0038] The nail tray assembly 4 includes a bracket 4.1 mounted on a tabletop 5.1, an array of positioning pins 4.2 and at least one set of nail tray detection proximity switches 4.4 are provided on the bracket 4.1, and a nail tray 4.3 is placed on top of the bracket 4.1.

[0039] Screws are manually placed onto the nail tray 4.3, and the nail tray 4.3 filled with screws is placed onto the bracket 4.1. The positioning pin 4.2 engages with the positioning hole of the nail tray 4.3 to ensure the consistency of the nail tray 4.3's placement position. The nail tray detection switch 4.4 is used to detect whether the nail tray 4.3 is placed in the correct position.

[0040] The lifting and positioning assembly 6 includes a lifting base plate 6.1 mounted on the 5.1 panel, a linear bearing 6.3 and a cylinder 6.2 mounted on the lifting base plate 6.1, a lifting plate 6.6 vertically connected to the linear bearing 6.3 via two sets of guide shafts 6.4 located on both sides to provide lifting guidance, the output end of the cylinder 6.2 being driven and connected to the lifting plate 6.6 via a floating joint 6.5, and a lifting and positioning pin 6.7 for positioning the pallet is mounted on the lifting plate 6.6.

[0041] The screw detection assembly 7 includes a mounting component 7.2 mounted on the three-axis moving assembly 2, and an optical fiber 7.1 for sensing and detecting the bottom of the screw is provided on the side of the mounting component 7.2.

[0042] When the three-axis moving component 2 drives the quick-change tightening component 1 to pick up the screw and move to the position of the screw detection component 7, the Z-axis 2.3 movement position at the bottom of the screw is detected by the optical fiber 7.1, and the actual length of the picked-up screw can be determined and fed back.

[0043] The embodiments described above, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, are merely preferred solutions for achieving the objectives of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can draw inspiration from this and directly derive other alternative structures that conform to the design concept of this utility model. Other structural features derived therefrom should also fall within the scope of the solutions described in this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic screwing station with quick-change screwing head, characterized in that: It includes a frame assembly, on which a nail tray assembly, a lifting and positioning assembly for lifting and positioning the tray, a quick-change tightening assembly driven by a three-axis moving assembly to move along the X, Y, and Z axes in three-dimensional space, and a tightening head storage assembly are provided. The quick-change tightening assembly includes a mounting base plate installed on the Z-axis slide rail assembly. The mounting base plate is equipped with a gripper movement cylinder and a double-stroke cylinder connected to a vacuum generator and a pressure switch via a pneumatic delivery pipeline. The output end of the gripper movement cylinder is connected to a gripper for clamping and straightening the screw. The output end of the double-stroke cylinder is driven by a buffer spring to slide a guide rail slider on the Z-axis slide rail assembly. An automatic tightening gun is installed on the guide rail slider. The quick-change tightening head is connected to the mounting base plate via a quick-change male connector installed on the mounting base plate.

2. The automatic tightening workstation with a quickly replaceable tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-change tightening head includes a screw-collecting head for attracting and tightening screws. The screw-collecting head is connected to one side of the quick-change head mother plate by a connector, and the screwdriver bit is connected inside the screw-collecting head.

3. The automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The three-axis moving assembly includes a mounting frame, on which X-axis slide rail assembly, Y-axis slide rail assembly and Z-axis slide rail assembly are slidably connected in sequence, and a set of cable chains are connected to the sliding joints between the X-axis slide rail assembly, Y-axis slide rail assembly and Z-axis slide rail assembly respectively.

4. The automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening head storage assembly includes a base plate, on which a rodless cylinder and a guide rail slider assembly for slidingly connecting the tightening head bracket are provided. The rodless cylinder drives the tightening head bracket to reciprocate along the guide rail slider assembly. A proximity switch is installed on the tightening head bracket.

5. The automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nail tray assembly includes a bracket, on which an array of positioning pins and at least one set of nail tray detection proximity switches are provided, and the nail tray is placed on top of the bracket.

6. The automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and positioning assembly includes a lifting base plate, linear bearings and cylinders mounted on the lifting base plate. The lifting plate is vertically connected to the linear bearings via two sets of guide shafts located on both sides to provide lifting guidance. The output end of the cylinder is driven and connected to the lifting plate via a floating joint. Lifting and positioning pins for positioning the pallet are mounted on the lifting plate.

7. The automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw detection component is provided on one side of the nail disk assembly.

8. The automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screw detection assembly includes a mounting component installed on a three-axis moving assembly, and an optical fiber for sensing and detecting the bottom of the screw is provided on the side of the mounting component.

9. The automatic tightening workstation with a quick-change tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame assembly includes a tabletop, with a bottom welding frame supported by several feet connected to the bottom of the tabletop, and a protective door installed at the front of the bottom welding frame.

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