High-efficiency multi-pipe impact dust collector for coal crusher chamber
By installing multiple material drop pipes sharing a common dust collection hood at the discharge port of the conveyor bridge in the coal crusher chamber, and combining them with a dust collector and a spray system, the problem of positive pressure dust spraying at the final coal drop pipe was solved, achieving efficient dust collection and purification, and ensuring the safety of the working environment and the stable operation of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 李钰
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
During the coal conveying process in the coal crusher chamber, coal dust accumulates in large quantities at the last coal drop pipe, resulting in positive pressure. Coal dust is then ejected from the feed chute outlet, causing dust spillage, polluting the environment, and posing a safety hazard.
A high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector is designed. Multiple discharge pipes are installed at the discharge port of the belt conveyor trestle, sharing a single dust suction hood. Combined with a dust collector, a fan, and a spray system, the dust is collected and purified in a centralized manner. The fan provides power to draw dust-laden gas into the dust collector, and the spray pipes spray water to atomize and treat the dust, while clean gas is discharged.
It effectively prevents dust from spilling out, reduces pollution of the working environment, ensures safe operation of equipment, and achieves efficient capture and purification of coal dust.
Smart Images
Figure CN224410890U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal conveying technology, specifically relating to a high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector for coal crusher chambers. Background Technology
[0002] During the production operation in the coal crusher chamber, the coal is crushed and then transported by a conveyor belt. During the transport, a large amount of coal dust is generated due to the collision and friction between the coal and the contact with the inner wall of the pipe. This coal dust not only seriously pollutes the working environment and endangers the health of on-site operators, but also may affect the normal operation of the equipment in the long term, and even pose a potential risk of safety accidents.
[0003] Therefore, to control the spread of coal dust, the industry typically uses a combination of dust collectors and dust hoods for initial dust removal. A dust hood is typically installed between two coal drop pipes on the conveyor belt, or two dust hoods for three coal drop pipes. However, in actual operation, while the dust hoods at the front can remove some coal dust, the amount of dust raised increases significantly when the coal reaches the last coal drop pipe. At this point, the single dust hood cannot remove the dust in time and sufficiently, leading to a continuous accumulation of coal dust near the last coal drop pipe. As the coal dust continues to accumulate, the internal pressure in this area gradually exceeds the external environmental pressure, creating a "positive pressure" phenomenon. Under this positive pressure, the unremoved coal dust leaks out from the outlet of the feed chute, like excess gas leaking from a balloon, causing a serious dust overflow problem. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector for coal crusher chambers to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector for a coal crusher chamber, comprising:
[0006] The belt conveyor bridge serves as a carrier for material conveying and equipment support. Several drop pipes are connected to the top of the belt conveyor bridge, forming a drop channel for material to be conveyed and transferred to the belt conveyor bridge, thereby realizing the directional transfer of materials between the two.
[0007] A dust collector is installed on one side of the conveyor belt trestle to capture dust generated during material feeding and conveying. One end of the dust collector is equipped with a dust collection pipe, and the outlet of the conveyor belt trestle is equipped with a dust suction hood connected to the dust collection pipe. By installing a dust suction hood at the outlet of the conveyor belt trestle, multiple material feeding pipes can share a single dust suction hood for centralized dust collection, preventing dust from spraying out due to positive pressure at the outlet of the conveyor belt trestle.
[0008] Preferably, the dust collector includes a chassis, and a dust gas inlet is provided on one side of the chassis. The dust gas inlet is connected to one end of the dust collection pipe. The chassis provides installation and working space for internal components, and the dust gas inlet allows dust-laden gas to enter the chassis smoothly and reduces leakage.
[0009] Preferably, a dust and gas treatment box is connected to the bottom of the chassis, and a fan is provided on the top of the chassis. The dust and gas treatment box provides space for dust purification, and the fan provides power for the flow of dust-laden gas to ensure system circulation.
[0010] Preferably, the air inlet of the fan is connected to the dust gas inlet, and the air outlet is connected to the dust gas treatment box through a pipe. The fan draws in the dust-containing gas in the box and pressurizes and transports it to the dust gas treatment box.
[0011] Preferably, one side of the dust and gas treatment box is connected to a water inlet pipe and the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected to a spray pipe provided inside the dust and gas treatment box. The water inlet pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve. The water inlet pipe and the spray pipe provide atomized water for dust removal. The solenoid valve adjusts the water volume to achieve efficient water-saving dust removal.
[0012] Preferably, the dust and gas treatment box is equipped with a sewage pipe at the bottom and a sewage valve on the sewage pipe. One end of the sewage pipe is connected to a sewage ditch arranged on the floor of the machine room. The dust and gas treatment box is also equipped with a clean gas outlet at the top. The sewage pipe, sewage valve and sewage ditch work together to discharge and treat dusty sewage, and the clean gas outlet discharges clean gas that meets the standards.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0014] (1) The dust collector is powered by a fan, which draws in dust through the dust collection pipe. The dust is then treated by spraying water through the spray pipe in the dust and gas treatment box. The water and dust come into full contact, which can efficiently capture the dust and discharge it along with the wastewater. In addition, multiple material discharge pipes share a single dust collection hood, which can collect the dust generated during material discharge and belt conveying. This effectively avoids the dust spraying phenomenon caused by positive pressure at the discharge port of the belt conveyor bridge and greatly reduces the pollution of the working environment caused by dust overflow.
[0015] (2) The sewage pipe at the bottom of the dust and gas treatment box is connected to the sewage ditch arranged on the floor of the machine room, which facilitates the discharge of sewage and waste residue generated after the treatment of dust and gas. The sewage pipe is equipped with a sewage valve, which can flexibly control the discharge and facilitate the centralized treatment of sewage and waste residue. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the dust collector of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a side view of the dust collector of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the terminal block of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 6 This is the electrical control schematic diagram of this utility model.
[0022] In the diagram: 1. Belt conveyor bridge; 2. Material discharge pipe; 3. Dust collector; 4. Dust collection pipe; 5. Dust suction hood; 6. Chassis; 7. Dust and gas inlet; 8. Dust and gas treatment box; 9. Fan; 10. Water inlet pipe; 11. Solenoid valve; 12. Sewage pipe; 13. Sewage valve; 14. Sewage ditch; 15. Clean air outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "equipped with", "sleeved with", "connected", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0025] This utility model provides, for example Figure 1-6 The high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector for a coal crusher chamber shown includes:
[0026] The belt conveyor bridge 1, as the core carrier for material conveying and equipment support, not only provides a stable installation foundation for the belt conveyor mechanism, but also ensures the stability of materials during the conveying process through its structural design, preventing material deviation or spillage. Several material drop pipes 2 are connected to the top of the belt conveyor bridge 1. The material drop pipes 2 can guide the materials to fall in a directional and orderly manner into the belt conveyor mechanism inside the belt conveyor bridge 1, forming a transitional falling channel for materials from the upper conveying equipment to the belt conveyor bridge 1, realizing accurate and directional transfer of materials between the two. At the same time, the structural design of the material drop pipes 2 can reduce the violent collision between the materials and the inner wall of the pipes during the falling process, thereby reducing the generation of dust to a certain extent.
[0027] Dust collector 3 is installed on one side of the conveyor belt trestle 1 to comprehensively capture dust generated during the material unloading process and the conveyor belt process, so as to control dust diffusion. One end of the dust collector 3 is equipped with a dust collection pipe 4, which can efficiently guide the dust-laden gas collected by the dust collection hood 5 into the dust collector 3 for treatment. The discharge port of the conveyor belt trestle 1 is equipped with a dust collection hood 5, which is connected to the dust collection pipe 4. The dust collection hood 5 can collect the dust generated near multiple material unloading pipes 2 in a concentrated manner, and use the air pressure difference to suck in the dust-laden gas to achieve centralized dust collection, effectively preventing the phenomenon of dust spraying at the discharge port of the conveyor belt trestle 1 due to the internal pressure being greater than the external environmental pressure.
[0028] The dust collector 3 includes a casing 6, which provides a closed installation and working space for the internal components of the dust collector, protecting the internal components from interference and damage from the external environment, and providing a place for the preliminary treatment of dust-laden gas. A dust gas inlet 7 is provided on one side of the casing 6, which is connected to one end of the dust collection pipe 4. The size and structure of the dust gas inlet 7 are adapted to the dust collection pipe 4 to ensure that the dust-laden gas can smoothly enter the casing 6 and reduce gas leakage at this point.
[0029] The bottom of the casing 6 is connected to a dust and gas treatment box 8, which is the core area for purifying dust-laden gas. It provides space for sufficient contact and reaction between dust and water, enabling dust capture and separation. The top of the casing 6 is equipped with a fan 9, which provides power for the flow of dust-laden gas. By generating an air pressure difference, the fan pushes the dust-laden gas from the dust collection hood 5 through the dust removal pipe 4 and the dust inlet 7 into the casing 6, and then into the dust and gas treatment box 8, ensuring smooth gas circulation throughout the dust removal system.
[0030] The air inlet of the fan 9 is connected to the dust inlet 7, which can effectively draw dust-laden gas from the casing 6 into the fan 9; the air outlet is connected to the dust treatment box 8 through a pipe, which pressurizes the drawn-in dust-laden gas and delivers it to the dust treatment box 8 for treatment. The power output of the fan 9 can be adjusted according to the actual amount of dust to adapt to different dust removal needs.
[0031] One side of the dust and gas treatment box 8 is connected to a water inlet pipe 10, which provides water to the spray system inside the dust and gas treatment box 8 to ensure the continuous operation of the spraying process. The other end of the water inlet pipe 10 is connected to a spray pipe installed inside the dust and gas treatment box 8. The spray pipe can evenly distribute water to various areas inside the dust and gas treatment box 8, and atomize the water through the nozzles to form a water mist or water curtain to maximize the contact area with the dust-laden gas. A solenoid valve 11 is installed on the water inlet pipe 10. The solenoid valve 11 can automatically or manually adjust the opening degree according to the dust concentration in the dust gas, thereby controlling the amount of water entering the spray pipe and realizing the rational use of water resources and efficient dust removal.
[0032] The bottom of the dust and gas treatment box 8 is equipped with a drain pipe 12, which is used to discharge the dust-containing wastewater generated after treatment in the dust and gas treatment box 8. The pipe is designed with a certain slope to facilitate the smooth flow of wastewater. A drain valve 13 is installed on the drain pipe 12, which can flexibly control the opening and closing of the drain pipe 12. The operator can open the drain valve 13 in a timely manner to discharge the wastewater according to the accumulation of wastewater in the dust and gas treatment box 8, so as to avoid wastewater overflow. One end of the drain pipe 12 is connected to the sewage ditch 14 arranged on the floor of the machine room, so that the discharged dust-containing wastewater can be transported to the designated sewage treatment area for centralized treatment through the sewage ditch 14. The top of the dust and gas treatment box 8 is also equipped with a clean gas outlet 15, which is used to discharge the treated and qualified clean gas into the external environment. Its position and structural design can reduce the resistance during gas discharge and prevent external debris from entering the dust and gas treatment box 8.
[0033] The coal crusher chamber uses a high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector. When the belt conveyor in the belt conveyor trestle 1 transports coal, the impact of the coal falling and the airflow generated by the belt operation cause a large amount of coal dust to be stirred up. To capture this dust, a dust suction hood 5, adapted to multiple discharge pipes 2, is installed at the discharge port of the belt conveyor trestle 1. The dust suction hood 5 is connected to the dust collection pipe 4 of the dust collector 3 via a pipe. When the dust collector 3 starts, the suction force generated by the fan 9 creates a stable negative pressure environment inside the dust suction hood 5. The surrounding dust-laden air is forcibly drawn into the dust suction hood 5 under the action of the pressure difference, and then enters the dust collection pipe 4, preventing the dust from spreading to the surrounding environment. The dust-laden airflow entering the dust collection pipe 4, driven by the continuous power generated by the fan 9, flows smoothly along the inside of the pipe, and the dust-laden gas flows smoothly towards the dust collector. The dust inlet 7 of the 3 moves, and because the fan 9 on the top of the chassis 6 is connected to the dust inlet 7 through the air inlet, it sucks in the dust-laden gas in the chassis 6 and pressurizes it, and then sends it into the dust treatment box 8 through the air outlet pipe. The water inlet pipe 10 connected to one side of the dust treatment box 8 supplies water to the spray pipe in the box. The solenoid valve 11 on the water inlet pipe 10 can flexibly adjust the opening degree according to the concentration of dust in the dust gas to control the amount of water entering the spray pipe. The spray pipe is distributed in multiple rows in the dust treatment box 8. The nozzles on the pipe will atomize the water into fine water droplets, forming a large area of water curtain or water mist area. When the dust-laden gas enters the treatment box, it will come into full contact with these water droplets. The dust particles will be adsorbed and wrapped by the water droplets, or collide with the water droplets under the impact of the airflow and agglomerate, gradually losing their suspension ability and mixing into the water to form dust-laden wastewater.
[0034] After spraying, most of the dust in the gas is removed. The resulting clean gas, being less dense than the dust-laden wastewater, flows upward. During this upward movement, any small water droplets that may be carried in the gas are intercepted by the baffle plate at the top of the dust-gas treatment box 8, preventing them from being discharged with the gas. Finally, the clean gas is discharged to the outside through the clean gas outlet 15 at the top of the treatment box, thus achieving gas purification. Inside the dust-gas treatment box 8, the dust-laden wastewater gradually sinks due to its own gravity and collects in the liquid collection area at the bottom of the dust-gas treatment box 8. The drain pipe 12 connected to the bottom of the liquid collection area is equipped with a drain valve 13. The operator can discharge the wastewater by controlling the opening and closing of the drain valve 13 according to the accumulation of wastewater in the box. After opening the drain valve 13, the dust-laden wastewater flows along the drain pipe 12 into the pre-arranged sewage ditch 14 on the ground of the coal crusher room, and is then transported to the designated wastewater sedimentation tank for further treatment.
[0035] like Figure 5-6As shown, this circuit is the control circuit of the dust collector in the coal crusher chamber. It mainly realizes three core functions: start-stop control of dust collector 3, automatic water level adjustment, and action control of sewage valve 13. It supports two operation modes, "local manual" and "programmable automatic", through a mode switching switch. It also has auxiliary functions such as valve position feedback and delay protection to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the dust removal equipment.
[0036] II. Detailed Explanation of Each Component and Circuit Module
[0037] 1. Control mode switching module (core: SA1 universal changeover switch)
[0038] Component function: SA1 (model LW12-16) is a multi-position universal changeover switch that provides the circuit with the function of switching between two control modes: "local manual" and "programmable automatic".
[0039] Circuit logic:
[0040] When SA1 is switched to the "programmable automatic" mode, the circuit receives start / stop signals (HJ, TJ) from the remote programmable control system, and the equipment operation is automatically controlled by the programmable control system.
[0041] When switched to "local manual" mode, the equipment is disconnected from the programmable control system and can be started, stopped, and drained directly via local buttons (not shown in the figure, usually accompanied by a manual button). This is suitable for emergency operation during debugging or programmable control failure.
[0042] 2. Start / Stop Control Module (Core: HJ, TJ, KT1)
[0043] HJ (Programmable Start Contact):
[0044] As the start signal contact (passive short-circuit) output by the programmable control system, it does not provide its own power supply, but only serves as a switching signal connected to the control circuit. When the programmable control system issues a start command, the HJ contact closes, triggering the equipment start circuit (such as energizing the control relays of main equipment like fan 9 and spray system), causing the dust collector 3 to enter the operating state.
[0045] TJ (Programmable Stop Point):
[0046] Corresponding to HJ, it is the stop signal contact (passive shorting contact) output by the programmable control system. When the programmable control system issues a stop command, the TJ contact closes, triggering the equipment stop logic.
[0047] KT1 (Transistor Time Relay, JS20-900S / 00):
[0048] Its core function is to achieve "delayed shutdown of fan 9". When TJ triggers the stop signal, the KT1 coil is energized and starts timing (adjustable from 0 to 900 seconds). Fan 9 continues to run until the timing ends, ensuring that any residual dust-laden gas inside the equipment is thoroughly purified. After the timing ends, the KT1 contact opens, cutting off the power to fan 9 and completing the shutdown. This design avoids residual dust caused by stopping too quickly.
[0049] 3. Automatic water level control module (core components: SWJ, YV)
[0050] SWJ (Automatic Water Level Controller):
[0051] Installed inside the water tank of the dust collector 3 or the dust and gas treatment box 8, the water level is monitored in real time by an electrode-type or float-type sensor. When the water level is lower than the set lower limit (e.g., when the water tank is low on water), the internal contacts of the SWJ close; when the water level reaches the set upper limit, the contacts open.
[0052] YV (Inlet Solenoid Valve 11):
[0053] As the "switch" of the spray / water replenishment circuit, its coil is controlled by the SWJ. When the SWJ detects a low water level (contacts closed), the YV coil is energized, the valve opens, and water is replenished to the tank. When the water level rises to the upper limit (SWJ contacts open), the YV coil is de-energized, the valve closes, and water replenishment stops. This module achieves fully automatic water level regulation, preventing water shortage from affecting the spray effect or causing water overflow and waste.
[0054] 4. Drain Valve 13 Control Module (Core: SQ1, SQ2, KT2)
[0055] SQ1, SQ2 (Sewage valve 13 switch limit sensor switch):
[0056] Both are position feedback sensors for drain valve 13:
[0057] SQ1 is used to detect the "open" state of drain valve 13 (when the valve is fully open, SQ1 is triggered and a feedback signal is sent to the control loop);
[0058] SQ2 is used to detect the "closed" status of drain valve 13 (SQ2 is triggered and a feedback signal is sent when the valve is fully closed).
[0059] Its function is to provide feedback to the circuit to confirm whether the valve position is in place, thus preventing "false actions" caused by valve jamming or other problems (such as the valve being instructed to open but not actually opening).
[0060] KT2 (Transistor Time Relay, JS20-900S / 00):
[0061] The KT2 coil is responsible for controlling the duration of the drain valve 13. When a drain command is triggered (such as timed or manual drain), the KT2 coil is energized and starts timing. The drain valve 13 remains open for the set time (adjustable from 0 to 900 seconds) to ensure complete discharge of sewage and waste. After the timer expires, the KT2 contact activates, closing the drain valve 13. Adjusting the KT2 duration prevents draining from being too short (incomplete discharge) or too long (wasting water resources).
[0062] III. Overall Circuit Working Logic
[0063] Start-up phase:
[0064] In "programmable automatic" mode, HJ closes → the main control circuit is energized → the fan 9 starts, and at the same time SWJ starts monitoring the water level. YV automatically replenishes water according to the water level, and the equipment enters normal dust removal state.
[0065] Operation phase:
[0066] Sprinkler system: YV is controlled by SWJ to automatically maintain the water level in the tank and ensure continuous and effective spraying;
[0067] Sewage Discharge System: When sewage discharge is required (e.g., by timed or manual command), KT2 starts the timer, sewage discharge valve 13 opens, and SQ1 sends a "fully open" signal; after the timer ends, sewage discharge valve 13 closes, and SQ2 sends a "fully closed" signal.
[0068] Stopping phase:
[0069] In "programmable automatic" mode, TJ closes → KT1 starts delay timing → fan 9 continues to run until the timing ends → KT1 opens, fan 9 stops, completing the entire shutdown process.
[0070] Mode switching:
[0071] When switched to "local manual", SA1 cuts off the programmable control signals (HJ, TJ) and can directly control the start-up, shutdown and sewage discharge through the local buttons, which is suitable for on-site operation needs.
[0072] IV. Circuit Design Features
[0073] Dual-mode control: SA1 enables flexible switching between remote program control and local manual control, improving operational convenience and emergency response capabilities;
[0074] Feedback and protection: Valve position feedback of SQ1 and SQ2 ensures reliable operation, and delayed shutdown of KT1 ensures residual gas purification and enhances equipment safety;
[0075] Automated regulation: The linkage between SWJ and YV enables fully automatic water level control, and KT2 precisely controls the sewage discharge time, reducing manual intervention and improving operational efficiency.
[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency multi-tube impingement dust collector for a coal pulverizer chamber, characterized by, include: The belt conveyor bridge (1) serves as a carrier for material conveying and equipment support. Several drop pipes (2) are connected to the top of the belt conveyor bridge (1). The drop pipes (2) form a drop channel for material to be conveyed to the belt conveyor bridge (1), thereby realizing the directional transfer of materials between the two. Dust collector (3) is located on one side of the belt conveyor bridge (1) and is used to capture dust generated during material drop and belt conveying. One end of the dust collector (3) is equipped with a dust collection pipe (4). The outlet of the belt conveyor bridge (1) is equipped with a dust suction hood (5) and the dust suction hood (5) is connected to the dust collection pipe (4). By setting a dust suction hood (5) at the outlet of the belt conveyor bridge (1), multiple material drop pipes (2) can share a dust suction hood (5) to collect dust in a concentrated manner, preventing dust from being sprayed out at the outlet of the belt conveyor bridge (1) due to positive pressure.
2. A high efficiency multi-tube impingement dust collector for a coal pulverizer chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collector (3) includes a housing (6), and a dust inlet (7) is provided on one side of the housing (6). The dust inlet (7) is connected to one end of the dust collection pipe (4).
3. A high efficiency multi-tube impingement dust collector for a coal pulverizer chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the chassis (6) is connected to a dust and gas treatment box (8), and the top of the chassis (6) is equipped with a fan (9).
4. A high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector for a coal crusher chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air inlet of the fan (9) is connected to the dust inlet (7), and the air outlet is connected to the dust treatment box (8) through a pipe.
5. A high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector for a coal crusher chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust and gas treatment box (8) is connected to a water inlet pipe (10) on one side and the other end of the water inlet pipe (10) is connected to a spray pipe provided inside the dust and gas treatment box (8). A solenoid valve (11) is provided on the water inlet pipe (10).
6. A high-efficiency multi-tube impact dust collector for a coal crusher chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust and gas treatment box (8) is provided with a drain pipe (12) at the bottom and a drain valve (13) on the drain pipe (12). One end of the drain pipe (12) is connected to the drain ditch (14) arranged on the floor of the machine room. The dust and gas treatment box (8) is also provided with a clean air outlet (15) at the top.