Non-coal mine structure for reducing ventilation resistance of return air passage
By setting up a masonry false roof and a gangue slope at the intersection of the return air passage and the horizontal roadway, and by installing ventilation ducts at the narrowing arc transition section, the problem of increased ventilation resistance in non-coal mines was solved, thereby improving ventilation efficiency and reducing equipment energy consumption.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG REFRACTORIES GROUP
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
In non-coal mines, increased ventilation resistance at the intersection of return air passages and horizontal roadways leads to higher energy consumption of ventilation equipment, reduced ventilation efficiency, and may even cause ventilation system malfunctions, affecting normal mine production.
Two masonry walls parallel to the sidewalls of the horizontal tunnel are set at the intersection of the return air passage and the horizontal tunnel. A false roof is set on the top of the masonry wall. The outside of the masonry wall is filled with gangue slope. The false roof is composed of steel rail support, anchor mesh and crushed stone layer. A ventilation duct is set at the narrowing arc transition part and reinforced with cement mortar layer to form a smooth and tight ventilation structure.
It effectively reduces the ventilation resistance of the return air duct, improves ventilation efficiency, reduces the energy consumption of ventilation equipment, and ensures the stable operation of the ventilation system.
Smart Images
Figure CN224413691U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air channels in non-coal mines, and belongs to the field of ventilation structure technology. Background Technology
[0002] In the production process of non-coal mines, the ventilation system plays a crucial role. It not only relates to the safety and health of underground workers but also directly affects the mine's production efficiency and economic benefits. The presence of ventilation resistance increases the energy consumption of ventilation equipment, reduces ventilation efficiency, and may even lead to ventilation system failure, affecting normal mine production. Currently, a masonry wall parallel to the inner wall of the horizontal roadway is installed at the intersection of the return air passage and the horizontal roadway, and then a false roof is installed on top of the masonry wall to ensure the connection of the horizontal roadway at the intersection. However, this masonry wall vertically intercepts the ventilation in the return air passage, causing ventilation turbulence, increasing ventilation resistance, and hindering ventilation in the return air passage. Utility Model Content
[0003] This invention provides a structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air channels in non-coal mines, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0004] This utility model relates to a structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air passages in non-coal mines. It includes two masonry walls parallel to the sidewalls of the horizontal roadway, located at the intersection of the return air passage and the horizontal roadway. The return air passage is divided into an upwind section, a connecting section, and a downwind section. A false roof is provided at the top of the masonry walls. An upwind slope filled with gangue is located on the outer side of the masonry wall near the downwind section, and a downwind slope filled with gangue is located on the outer side of the masonry wall near the upwind section. The top of the false roof is flush with the tops of the upwind and downwind slopes filled with gangue. A narrowing arc transition section connecting the ends of the masonry walls is located on the side of the horizontal roadway near the upwind section. A ventilation duct is located on the narrowing arc transition section, and the outlet of the ventilation duct is located on the top surface of the downwind slope filled with gangue. The false roof includes, from bottom to top, a rail support, a first anchor mesh, a ventilation duct layer, a second anchor mesh, and a crushed stone layer. A cement mortar layer is provided on the exterior of the downwind slope filled with gangue, the upwind slope filled with gangue, and the crushed stone layer.
[0005] As a preferred option, a track is provided in the middle of the bottom of the level tunnel, running in the front-to-back direction.
[0006] As a preferred option, masonry grooves are provided at the four corners of the side walls where the horizontal tunnel and the return air passage intersect. The ends of the masonry wall extend into the masonry grooves, which allows both ends of the masonry wall to extend into the masonry grooves, resulting in better sealing.
[0007] As a preferred option, the top of the masonry wall is provided with multiple embedding grooves along the front-to-back direction for the two ends of the rail support to be inserted. This allows for quick positioning and installation of the rail support, and prevents the rail support from moving during the upper layer laying, facilitating the upper layer laying. After the rail support is placed into the embedding groove, its top is flush with the top of the masonry wall, making the laying of anchor mesh one, ventilation duct cloth layer, anchor mesh two, and crushed stone layer more convenient and stable.
[0008] As a preferred option, anchor rods are provided on both the left and right sides of anchor mesh two. The anchor rods pass through anchor mesh two, the ventilation duct layer, anchor mesh one, and the steel rail support and are fixed to the masonry wall. This makes the steel rail support, anchor mesh one, anchor mesh two, ventilation duct layer, and the masonry walls on both sides better fixed into a whole, ensuring the stability and strength of the false roof.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the inner side of the embedded groove is provided with a limiting slot, and the bottom of both ends of the rail support is provided with a limiting plate that cooperates with the limiting slot, thereby increasing the connection strength between the false ceiling and the masonry wall.
[0010] As a preferred design, the top of the connecting section is divided into an upward top plate connected to the top of the downwind section, a downward top plate connected to the top of the upwind section, and an intermediate top plate located above the false top and connecting the upward and downward top plates. The intermediate top plate is parallel to the top of the false top, the upward top plate is parallel to the outer wall of the upwind slope of the gangue filling, and the downward top plate is parallel to the outer wall of the downwind slope of the gangue filling, which allows for better ventilation and reduces wind resistance.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the inner end of the ventilation duct is provided with a snap-fit flange and a plug. The outer side of the inner end of the plug is provided with a limiting protrusion that cooperates with the snap-fit flange. The ventilation duct is located on the side of the downwind slope of the gangue filling, which is off the middle position. The ventilation duct can be easily opened and closed. In addition, the setting of the limiting protrusion can prevent the plug from being pressed into the ventilation duct.
[0012] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0013] By setting upwind and downwind slopes filled with gangue on both sides of the masonry wall, the ventilation resistance in the return air passage can be better reduced. The false roof consists of steel rail supports, anchor mesh one, ventilation duct layer, anchor mesh two, and crushed stone layer, arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The downwind and upwind slopes filled with gangue and the crushed stone layer are all covered with cement mortar layers, which can ensure the strength of the false roof while allowing for faster and more convenient construction. The false roof is also smooth, tight, and airtight. The ventilation ducts can better utilize the negative pressure of the return air passage for ventilation during level tunnel excavation. The ventilation ducts are located at the narrowing arc transition section, and 90° corners are avoided during suspension installation to minimize wind resistance. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a partial top view of the structure of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure at the false ceiling.
[0017] In the diagram: 1. Downwind section; 2. Level tunnel; 3. Upwind section; 4. Upward roof slab; 5. Upwind slope filled with gangue; 6. Masonry wall; 7. Rail support; 8. Anchor mesh one; 9. Rail; 10. Intermediate roof slab; 11. Cement mortar layer; 12. Crushed stone layer; 13. Anchor mesh two; 14. Ventilation duct layer; 15. Downward roof slab; 16. Ventilation duct; 17. Downwind slope filled with gangue; 18. Blockage; 19. Masonry groove; 20. Embedded groove; 21. Limiting plate; 22. Anchor bolt; 23. Narrowing arc transition section. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.
[0019] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model is a structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air passages in non-coal mines. It includes two masonry walls 6 parallel to the sidewalls of the horizontal roadway 2, located at the intersection of the return air passage and the horizontal roadway 2. The return air passage is divided into an upwind section 3, a connecting section, and a downwind section 1. A false roof is provided at the top of the masonry walls 6. An upwind slope 5 filled with gangue is provided on the outer side of the masonry walls 6 near the downwind section 1, and a downwind slope 17 filled with gangue is provided on the outer side of the masonry walls 6 near the upwind section 3. The top of the false roof is connected to the upwind slope 5 and the downwind slope 17 filled with gangue. The top of the wind slope 17 is flat. The side of the flat lane 2 near the upwind section 3 is provided with a narrowing arc transition part 23 that connects to the end of the masonry wall 6. A ventilation duct 16 is provided on the narrowing arc transition part 23. The outlet of the ventilation duct 16 is located on the top surface of the downwind slope 17 filled with gangue. The false roof includes a steel rail support 7, an anchor mesh 1 8, a ventilation duct cloth layer 14, an anchor mesh 2 13, and a crushed stone layer 12 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The downwind slope 17 filled with gangue, the upwind slope 5 filled with gangue, and the crushed stone layer 12 are all provided with a cement mortar layer 11.
[0020] During the work, the top of the return air passage and the horizontal tunnel 2 is raised to increase the height of the return air passage at the intersection and support is provided. Then, while building the masonry wall 6 at the intersection, the gangue filling on both sides of the upwind slope 5 and downwind slope 17 is filled using the gangue falling from the raised top. The masonry wall 6 is built to the designed height. Then, steel rail support 7, anchor mesh 1 8, ventilation duct cloth layer 14, anchor mesh 2 13 and crushed stone layer 12 are laid on the top of the masonry wall 6. Then, two layers of cement mortar 11 are applied to the outside of the gangue filling downwind slope 17, gangue filling upwind slope 5 and crushed stone layer 12. The cement mortar layer 11 should be flat, smooth and airtight when applied. The false roof should be laid tightly and airtight.
[0021] The masonry walls 6 on both sides of the level alley 2 have a construction width of 240mm. The foundation must be on a hard base and constructed using rubble masonry. The masonry walls 6 on both sides are 2900mm long and 2500mm high. The inner spacing between the brick walls on both sides is 2500mm. Five steel rail supports 7 are preferred, each 2980mm long, spaced 500mm apart. Each end of the steel rail support 7 rests on the wall for 240mm.
[0022] Example 2: Based on Example 1, a track 9 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the horizontal tunnel 2, running in the front-to-back direction.
[0023] At the four corners of the intersection of level tunnel 2 and the return air passage, there are masonry grooves 19, and the ends of the masonry walls 6 extend into the masonry grooves 19. The horizontal length of the upwind slope 5 filled with gangue is 3900mm. The bottom edge length of the downwind slope 17 filled with gangue is 5000mm. The masonry grooves 19 extend 150mm to both sides in the direction of level tunnel 2.
[0024] The top of the masonry wall 6 is provided with multiple embedding grooves 20 along the front-to-back direction for the two ends of the steel rail support 7 to be inserted. After the steel rail support 7 is placed into the embedding grooves 20, its top is flush with the top of the masonry wall 6. The embedding grooves 20 are reserved during the construction of the masonry wall 6.
[0025] Anchor rods 22 are provided on the left and right sides of anchor mesh 2 13. The anchor rods 22 pass through anchor mesh 2 13, ventilation duct cloth layer 14, anchor mesh 1 8 and steel rail support 7 and are fixed to the masonry wall 6.
[0026] The inner side of the embedded groove 20 is provided with a limiting slot, and the bottom of both ends of the rail support 7 is provided with a limiting plate 21 that cooperates with the limiting slot.
[0027] The top of the connecting section is divided into an upward roof plate 4 connecting to the top of the downwind section 1, a downward roof plate 15 connecting to the top of the upwind section 3, and an intermediate roof plate 10 above the false roof connecting the upward roof plate 4 and the downward roof plate 15. The intermediate roof plate 10 is parallel to the top of the false roof. The upward roof plate 4 is parallel to the outer wall of the upwind slope 5 filled with gangue, and the downward roof plate 15 is parallel to the outer wall of the downwind slope 17 filled with gangue. Two roof lifts are performed to reduce damage to the roof plate. The first roof lift involves three rows of blast holes spaced 1.0 meter apart. The second roof lift generally involves adjustments to the specifications based on actual conditions, but the basic principle is to drill more holes and use less explosive to reduce vibration-induced damage to the roof plate.
[0028] The ventilation duct 16 has a snap-fit flange at its inner end and a plug 18 at its inner end. The outer side of the inner end of the plug 18 has a limiting boss that cooperates with the snap-fit flange. The ventilation duct 16 is located on the downwind slope 17 of the gangue filling, off-center. During horizontal tunnel excavation, the plug 18 can be opened to allow ventilation through the ventilation duct 16.
[0029] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
[0030] In the description of this utility model, the terms "inner", "outer", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not require that this utility model must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
Claims
1. A structure for reducing ventilation resistance in a return air passage in a non-coal mine, comprising two masonry walls (6) parallel to the sidewall of the horizontal roadway (2) at the intersection of the return air passage and the horizontal roadway (2), the return air passage being divided into an upwind section (3), a connecting section, and a downwind section (1), and the top of the masonry walls (6) being provided with a false roof, characterized in that: The outer side of the masonry wall (6) near the downwind section (1) is provided with a gangue-filled upwind slope (5), and the outer side of the masonry wall (6) near the upwind section (3) is provided with a gangue-filled downwind slope (17). The top of the false roof is flush with the top of the gangue-filled upwind slope (5) and the gangue-filled downwind slope (17). The flat roadway (2) near the upwind section (3) is provided with a narrowing arc transition section (23) connecting the end of the masonry wall (6). The part (23) is provided with a ventilation duct (16), and the outlet of the ventilation duct (16) is located on the top surface of the downwind slope (17) filled with gangue. The false roof includes a steel rail support (7), an anchor net (8), a ventilation duct layer (14), an anchor net (13), and a crushed stone layer (12) arranged from bottom to top. The downwind slope (17), the upwind slope (5), and the crushed stone layer (12) filled with gangue are all provided with a cement mortar layer (11).
2. The structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air channels in non-coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the level lane (2) is provided with a track (9) running in the front-to-back direction.
3. The structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air channels in non-coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the four corners of the intersection of the level lane (2) and the return air passage, there are masonry grooves (19), and the end of the masonry wall (6) extends into the masonry groove (19).
4. The structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air passages in non-coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the masonry wall (6) is provided with multiple embedding grooves (20) along the front-back direction for the two ends of the rail support (7) to be embedded. After the rail support (7) is placed into the embedding groove (20), its top is flush with the top of the masonry wall (6).
5. The structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air channels in non-coal mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: Anchor rods (22) are provided on the left and right sides of anchor mesh two (13). The anchor rods (22) pass through anchor mesh two (13), ventilation duct cloth layer (14), anchor mesh one (8) and rail support (7) and are fixed on the masonry wall (6).
6. The structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air passages in non-coal mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side of the embedded groove (20) is provided with a limiting slot, and the bottom of both ends of the rail support (7) is provided with a limiting plate (21) that cooperates with the limiting slot.
7. The structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air passages in non-coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the connecting section is divided into an upward top plate (4) connected to the top of the downwind section (1), a downward top plate (15) connected to the top of the upwind section (3), and an intermediate top plate (10) located above the false top and connecting the upward top plate (4) and the downward top plate (15). The intermediate top plate (10) is parallel to the top of the false top. The upward top plate (4) is parallel to the outer wall of the gangue-filled upwind slope (5), and the downward top plate (15) is parallel to the outer wall of the gangue-filled downwind slope (17).
8. The structure for reducing ventilation resistance in return air channels in non-coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation duct (16) has a snap-fit flange at its inner end and a plug (18) at its inner end. The plug (18) has a limiting boss on its outer side that cooperates with the snap-fit flange.