River course topography scanning detection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a river course topographic scanning detection device relates to river course detection field, in view of the problem that the existing underwater topographic survey technology is difficult to measure scanning detection to torrent river course topography, adopts support frame combination cross bar and auxiliary structure, through support frame and is directly fixed in the shore or near shore stable area, and the echo sounder extends to the river course through cross bar, derrick, need not the boat to carry and can realize measurement, fundamentally get rid of the dependence on the boat, avoid the difficulty of the boat in the torrent, the length of cross bar on both sides of the hinge is not equal, and the gravity of the counterweight is matched, the moment of force that the echo sounder end generates can be offset due to the flow impact, reduce the sway of cross bar, the horizontal rotation is realized to the pivot through the turntable, and the hinge realizes the pitch adjustment of cross bar, in combination with the traction of the first buckle ring, the measurement angle and position of echo sounder can be adjusted flexibly, and the posture of cross bar is fixed through the traction cable, avoids the position deviation due to the flow, wind power, guarantees the stability and safety of the measurement process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of river detection, and in particular to a river topography scanning detection device. Background Technology

[0002] River topographic surveying is a crucial step in the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of hydropower projects. It is fundamental to ensuring the safety, economy, and sustainability of the project and is conducted throughout its entire lifecycle. A lack of accurate data can lead to design flaws, cost overruns, or ecological risks; therefore, river topographic data must be updated regularly.

[0003] However, existing underwater topography technology relies on shipborne depth sounders for measurement, but it is difficult to navigate in fast-flowing rivers and poses a high safety risk, with the possibility of insufficient power for the boat handling mechanism or the risk of the boat capsizing. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a river topography scanning and detection device. This device uses a support frame combined with crossbars and auxiliary structures. The support frame is directly fixed to a stable area on the bank or near the bank. The sonar extends into the river through the crossbars and booms, enabling measurements without the need for a boat. This fundamentally eliminates dependence on boats and avoids the difficulties of navigating rapids.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0006] A riverbed topography scanning and detection device, comprising:

[0007] The support frame has a turntable at the top, and a rotating shaft is rotatably fitted on the turntable. The rotating shaft rotates relative to the turntable in a horizontal plane.

[0008] A crossbar has a counterweight suspended at one end by a counterweight rod, and a sonar bracket suspended at the other end by a boom. The sonar bracket is equipped with a sonar. A pivot is connected to the crossbar via a hinge, which allows the crossbar to be tilted relative to the horizontal plane. The length of the end of the hinge connecting to the crossbar and the counterweight rod is less than the length of the end of the hinge connecting to the crossbar and the boom. A first buckle is installed on the crossbar between the hinge and the boom, and the first buckle is connected to a traction cable to assist the crossbar in rotating or maintaining its position.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the axis of rotation of the hinge is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the pivot.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the support frame includes three inclined legs, the tops of which are connected to a turntable, and adjacent legs are connected by cross braces to form a triangular pyramidal frame structure.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the sonar support is provided with a protective cover, which has a cylindrical structure, and the sonar is installed inside the protective cover.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, a second buckle is installed at one end of the crossbar connecting rod, and the second buckle is connected to a traction cable.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the length of the hinge connecting the counterweight rod to the crossbar is the first length, and the length of the hinge connecting the rod to the hanger rod is the second length, with the ratio of the first length to the second length being 1 / 3.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the hinge connects to the measuring point and the two ends of the crossbar are respectively provided with measuring points to cooperate with the detection element to obtain the position of the measuring point.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] To address the challenge of scanning and detecting topography in fast-flowing rivers using existing underwater topographic surveying techniques, a support frame combined with crossbars and auxiliary structures is employed. The support frame is directly fixed to a stable area on the bank or near the shore, while the sonar extends into the river via the crossbars and booms. Measurements can be performed without the need for a vessel, fundamentally eliminating dependence on boats and avoiding the difficulties of navigating rapids. The crossbars on both sides of the hinge have unequal lengths, which, combined with the weight of the counterweight, counteracts the torque generated by the water flow at the sonar end, reducing the sway of the crossbars. The rotating shaft achieves horizontal rotation via a turntable, and the hinge allows for pitch adjustment of the crossbars. Combined with the traction cable on the first buckle, the measurement angle and position of the sonar can be flexibly adjusted, and the crossbar posture is fixed by the traction cable to prevent positional deviations caused by water flow and wind, ensuring the stability and safety of the measurement process.

[0017] The support frame has a triangular pyramidal structure. The triangular pyramidal structure improves overall stability by distributing the force, the inclined legs increase the contact area with the ground, and the horizontal braces strengthen the rigid connection between the legs. It can resist the lateral force transmitted to the support frame when the horizontal bar is impacted by a rapid current, thus preventing the device from tipping over and solving the problem of insufficient support strength of a single support.

[0018] The mud, sand, and rocks carried by the rapid current may impact the sonar. The cylindrical protective cover can physically block these impacts, while reducing the vibration of the sonar caused by the direct scouring of the water flow. This protects the equipment from damage and maintains a stable measurement posture, solving the problems of sonar being easily damaged and data being easily interfered with in rapid currents. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the river topography scanning and detection device in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the lifting rod and the counterweight rod in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second buckle connecting the crossbar in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Labeling (in order of first appearance): 1. Counterweight; 2. Counterweight rod; 3. Crossbar; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Turntable; 6. Support frame; 7. First buckle; 8. Second buckle; 9. Hanging rod; 10. Sonar bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Existing underwater topographic surveying technologies rely on shipborne depth sounders, which present drawbacks such as difficulty in navigation and high safety risks in fast-flowing rivers, making it difficult to conduct efficient and safe topographic surveys in rapid waterways. Therefore, this embodiment provides a river topographic scanning and detection device. It employs a support frame 6 combined with a crossbar 3 and auxiliary structures. The support frame 6 is directly fixed to the bank or a stable near-shore area, while the sonar extends into the river channel via the crossbar 3 and the boom 9, enabling measurements without the need for a vessel.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the river topography scanning and detection device mainly includes a support frame 6, a crossbar 3, and a traction cable.

[0026] The support frame 6 serves as the basic support component of the entire device. A turntable 5 is provided on the top, and a rotating shaft 4 is rotatably fitted on the turntable 5. The rotating shaft 4 can rotate relative to the turntable 5 in the horizontal plane, providing a horizontal adjustment basis for the device.

[0027] The crossbar 3 serves as the core load-bearing and lever arm structure. One end of the crossbar 3 is equipped with a counterweight 1 suspended by a counterweight rod 2, and the other end is equipped with a sonar bracket 10 suspended by a lifting rod 9. The sonar is mounted on the bracket. The crossbar 3 is connected to the pivot 4 by a hinge. The hinge allows the crossbar 3 to be adjusted in pitch relative to the horizontal plane, i.e., to rotate up and down. The length from the hinge to the end of the crossbar 3 connected to the counterweight rod 2 is less than the length from the hinge to the end of the crossbar 3 connected to the lifting rod 9, forming a lever structure. The position of the crossbar 3 connected to the hinge is the fulcrum position of the lever structure.

[0028] A first buckle 7 is installed on the crossbar 3 between the hinge and the boom 9. The buckle is connected to the traction cable and is used to assist the crossbar 3 in rotating or maintaining its position. The traction cable is a flexible cable and can be made of steel wire rope, plastic rope, etc.

[0029] The device is directly fixed to a stable area on or near the bank via a support frame 6. The sonar extends into the river channel via a crossbar 3 and a boom 9, enabling measurements without the need for a boat, fundamentally eliminating dependence on boats and avoiding the difficulties of navigating rapids. The crossbars 3 on both sides of the hinge have unequal lengths, with the hinge being shorter at the counterweight end and longer at the sonar end. Combined with the weight of the counterweight 1, this counteracts the torque generated by the water flow impact at the sonar end, reducing the swaying of the crossbar 3. The rotating shaft 4 achieves horizontal rotation via a turntable 5, and the hinge allows for pitch adjustment of the crossbar 3. Combined with the traction cable pulling the first buckle 7, the measurement angle and position of the sonar can be flexibly adjusted, and the attitude of the crossbar 3 is fixed by the traction cable to prevent positional deviation caused by water flow and wind, ensuring the stability and safety of the measurement process.

[0030] The hinge controls the pitch of the crossbar 3, while the rotating shaft 4, in conjunction with the turntable 5, controls its horizontal rotation. The axis of rotation of the hinge is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotating shaft 4. This creates an orthogonal adjustment dimension in space, allowing the crossbar 3 and the sonar to rotate 360° in the horizontal plane to cover different measurement directions, and to adjust their pitch in the vertical plane to adapt to different water depths or current heights. This avoids measurement blind spots caused by limited adjustment dimensions and ensures comprehensive coverage of complex terrain in rapids.

[0031] It is understandable that when adjusting the pitch of the crossbar 3, the boom 9 maintains its relative position and angle with the crossbar 3, which allows the boom 9 to be tilted relative to the vertical direction. The sonar on the sonar bracket 10 has a wide working range, and the sonar can still be in normal working condition and obtain river topography when the boom 9 is tilted relative to the vertical direction.

[0032] The support frame 6 includes three inclined legs, the tops of which are connected to the turntable 5. Adjacent legs are connected by cross braces, forming a triangular pyramidal frame structure. The triangular pyramidal structure improves overall stability by distributing forces, the inclined legs increase the contact area with the ground, and the cross braces strengthen the rigid connection between the legs. This can resist the lateral force transmitted to the support frame 6 when a rapid current impacts the crossbar 3, preventing the device from tipping over and solving the problem of insufficient support strength of a single support.

[0033] The sonar support 10 is equipped with a protective cover, which is cylindrical in shape, and the sonar is installed inside the cover. Mud, sand, and rocks carried by the rapid current may impact the sonar; the cylindrical protective cover physically blocks these impacts and reduces sonar vibration caused by direct water flow, protecting the equipment from damage and maintaining a stable measurement posture. This solves the problems of sonar being easily damaged and data being easily interfered with in rapid currents. The sonar's wires can extend along the boom 9 and crossbar 3 to the shore and connect to the processor.

[0034] A second retaining ring 8 is installed at one end of the crossbar 3 connected to the boom 9, and the second retaining ring 8 is connected to a traction cable. Together with the original first retaining ring 7, this forms a "dual-point traction" system, allowing for more precise control of the pitch angle and horizontal stability of the crossbar 3. When a rapid current impacts the sonar, adjusting the traction force of the two retaining rings can better counteract the impact force, preventing the crossbar 3 from shifting and solving the problem of insufficient single-point traction control force.

[0035] The length of the hinge connecting the counterweight rod 2 to the crossbar 3 is the first length, and the length of the hinge connecting the hanger rod 9 to the crossbar 3 is the second length. The ratio of the first length to the second length is 1 / 3.

[0036] Structurally, the first length is the distance from the hinge to one end of the counterweight rod 2, and the second length is the distance from the hinge to one end of the boom 9. The 1 / 3 ratio means that the end of the boom 9 connected to the sonar bracket 10 is much longer than the counterweight end. According to the lever arm distribution logic, given the limited overall length of the crossbar 3, the longer second length allows the sonar bracket 10 to extend more easily into the river channel. Compared to designs with the same or smaller proportions, this ratio allows for nearly double the extension distance of the sonar end with the same total length of the crossbar 3, thus getting closer to the center of the river and covering waters that are difficult for traditional shipborne equipment to reach due to navigation limitations.

[0037] Measurement points are set at the hinge connection point and both ends of the crossbar 3 to acquire position data in conjunction with detection elements. By monitoring the spatial coordinates of each measurement point in real time, it is possible to quickly determine whether the crossbar 3 has shifted due to the impact of the rapid flow, facilitating timely adjustment of its posture using traction cables or counterweights.

[0038] In this embodiment, to obtain the location of the measurement points, small GNSS antennas can be fixed at the hinge connection point and the measurement points at both ends of the crossbar 3. By connecting a GNSS receiver (such as an RTK-GNSS receiver), the three-dimensional coordinates (longitude, latitude, and elevation) of each measurement point can be obtained in real time. The principle is to use satellite signals to spatially locate the measurement points, directly reflecting the absolute position of each point. This combination can accurately capture the translational or elevation changes of the crossbar 3 caused by the impact of water flow (such as whether the sonar end sinks or whether the whole structure shifts), providing data support for determining whether the device deviates from the preset measurement area.

[0039] Alternatively, optical reflecting prisms can be installed at the measurement points. By aiming the prism at a total station mounted on the bank, parameters such as the distance and angle of each measurement point relative to the total station can be measured, and the relative coordinates of each point can be calculated. This is suitable for scenarios where GNSS signals are blocked (such as in canyons and rivers). It can monitor the relative positional relationship between the two ends of the crossbar 3 and the hinge point in real time through the prism's reflected signal, determine whether the crossbar 3 is bent, tilted, or has an axial offset, and ensure that the crossbar 3 is straight.

[0040] Laser targets can also be set at the measurement points, and laser beams can be emitted from a laser tracker to illuminate the targets and track their spatial trajectory in real time. This combination offers a fast response speed and can continuously record dynamic positional changes at the measurement points, such as high-frequency vibrations or slow shifts under the impact of rapid currents. It is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring high-frequency monitoring and can promptly detect minute displacements of the crossbar 3 caused by water flow pulsations, ensuring the continuity and stability of sonar measurements.

[0041] The specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the utility model are also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent transformations, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model should be covered within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A riverbed topography scanning and detection device, characterized in that, include: The support frame has a turntable at the top, and a rotating shaft is rotatably fitted on the turntable. The rotating shaft rotates relative to the turntable in a horizontal plane. A crossbar has a counterweight suspended at one end by a counterweight rod, and a sonar bracket suspended at the other end by a boom. The sonar bracket is equipped with a sonar. A pivot is connected to the crossbar via a hinge, which allows the crossbar to be tilted relative to the horizontal plane. The length of the end of the hinge connecting to the crossbar and the counterweight rod is less than the length of the end of the hinge connecting to the crossbar and the boom. A first buckle is installed on the crossbar between the hinge and the boom, and the first buckle is connected to a traction cable to assist the crossbar in rotating or maintaining its position.

2. The riverbed topography scanning and detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of rotation of the hinge is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the pivot.

3. The riverbed topography scanning and detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame includes three inclined legs, the tops of which are connected to a turntable. Adjacent legs are connected by cross braces to form a triangular pyramidal frame structure.

4. The riverbed topography scanning and detection device as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The sonar support is equipped with a protective cover, which has a cylindrical structure, and the sonar is installed inside the protective cover.

5. The riverbed topography scanning and detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A second buckle is installed at one end of the crossbar connecting the boom, and the second buckle is connected to a traction cable.

6. The riverbed topography scanning and detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the hinge connecting the counterweight rod to the crossbar is the first length, and the length of the hinge connecting the rod to the hanger rod is the second length. The ratio of the first length to the second length is 1 / 3.

7. The riverbed topography scanning and detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge connects to the measuring point position, and measuring points are respectively provided at both ends of the crossbar to cooperate with the detection element to obtain the position of the measuring point.

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