Flow-regulated packed column for metallurgical off-gases

Abstract

This utility model discloses a flow-adjustable packed absorption tower for metallurgical waste gas, comprising a main tower body, a guide fluid, and a spray assembly. A flow control chamber is located on one side of the main tower body, and the guide fluid is fixed inside the main tower body, located at its axis. A second blocking ring is formed on the bottom surface of the packing column, and a first blocking ring is formed on the inner side of the main tower body. The first and second blocking rings are connected by a Y-shaped flow channel, forming a Tesla valve structure. The spray assembly includes a first guide ring, a second guide ring, and a liquid distribution pipe. Spray holes are evenly arranged on the first and second guide rings. The liquid distribution pipe is connected to an external liquid supply system, and the spray flow rate is dynamically adjusted by a flow regulating valve and a pressure sensor. By adopting a Tesla valve structure and a multi-stage spray device, the dynamic adaptability and absorption efficiency of the absorption tower are improved, offering advantages such as simple structure, high absorption efficiency, and stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of absorption tower technology, specifically to a flow-adjustable packed absorption tower for metallurgical waste gas. Background Technology

[0002] In the metallurgical industry, large quantities of high-temperature, high-pressure industrial waste gases containing acidic or alkaline components are often emitted during production processes. Due to the complexity of metallurgical processes, these waste gases often contain various harmful components, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). x Hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen fluoride (HF), heavy metal dust, etc., if directly emitted, will cause serious harm to the environment and human health.

[0003] To meet environmental protection requirements and emission standards, metallurgical waste gas is typically purified using methods such as wet absorption, dry absorption, and combined absorption. Among these, wet absorption technology has become one of the main methods for treating metallurgical waste gas due to its high absorption efficiency, wide applicability, and ease of control over reaction conditions.

[0004] Existing absorption towers have a certain absorption efficiency in the process of purifying waste gas, but the following technical problems still exist:

[0005] (1) Low gas-liquid contact efficiency and poor absorption effect

[0006] In existing absorption towers, the contact time between gas and absorbent is short, and due to uneven distribution of spray or packing, the contact area between waste gas and absorbent is limited, resulting in a low absorption reaction rate and insufficient purification efficiency.

[0007] (2) The gas flow path is singular, and gas turbulence and short-circuiting problems are prominent.

[0008] Due to unreasonable internal structural design of the absorption tower, the waste gas may be discharged directly along the shortest path inside the absorption tower, or turbulence may be formed in local areas, resulting in a shortened gas-liquid contact time and a reduction in absorption efficiency.

[0009] (3) Uneven spraying and incomplete liquid film formation

[0010] Existing spray towers often use single-stage nozzles or single-stage spray rings, which can easily lead to uneven spraying and liquid film breakage, resulting in insufficient contact area between gas and liquid and affecting absorption efficiency.

[0011] (4) Poor dynamic adaptability and unstable absorption effect

[0012] The composition and flow rate of metallurgical waste gas often fluctuate with changes in production conditions. Existing absorption towers lack dynamic adjustment mechanisms, making it difficult to adjust the flow rate and the amount of absorbent sprayed in real time according to actual changes in operating conditions, resulting in unstable absorption effects.

[0013] In view of this, this paper studies and improves upon existing problems, and provides a flow-adjustable packed absorption tower for metallurgical waste gas to solve the current problems. The aim is to solve the problems and improve the practical value through this technology. Utility Model Content

[0014] The purpose of this invention is to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior art and provide a flow-adjustable packed absorption tower. By adopting a Tesla valve structure and a multi-stage flow guiding device, the dynamic flow regulation capability and gas-liquid contact efficiency of the absorption tower are improved, thereby enhancing the purification effect of waste gas.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0016] An adjustable-flow packed absorption tower for metallurgical waste gas includes: a main tower body, a guide fluid, and a spray assembly.

[0017] A flow control compartment is provided on one side of the main tower body to control the intake and flow rate of metallurgical waste gas. A fan is connected to the port of the flow control compartment.

[0018] The guide fluid is fixed to the inner side of the main tower body and located at the axis of the main tower body.

[0019] The spray assembly includes a plurality of first guide rings and second guide rings, and a liquid distribution pipe for introducing liquid into the first guide rings and second guide rings.

[0020] The fluid guide includes: a top guide cap, a dispersing bottom ball, and a packing column.

[0021] The top guide cap and the bottom surface of the packing column are provided with a second blocking ring. The inner side of the main tower body is provided with a first blocking ring. A Y-shaped flow channel is provided between the inner side of the main tower body and the outer periphery of the guide fluid, and the top end of the Y-shaped flow channel is connected to the first blocking ring and the second blocking ring.

[0022] The top surfaces of the first and second guide rings are provided with a plurality of spray holes for water spraying, the pipe rack is used for fixing and supporting the plurality of first and second guide rings, and the surface of the dispersing bottom ball is coated with a filler layer.

[0023] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0024] 1. In this utility model, by setting a Y-shaped flow channel, a first blocking ring and a second blocking ring on the inner side of the main tower body, a Tesla valve structure is formed, so that the waste gas forms a dynamic slow flow state in the absorption tower, which enhances the contact time between the gas and the absorption liquid and improves the absorption efficiency.

[0025] 2. In this invention, the spray assembly uses multiple first and second guide rings to evenly spray the absorbent liquid onto the surface of the packing column, forming a continuous liquid film and multi-stage treatment effect, increasing the gas-liquid contact area and improving the absorption reaction rate. The spray holes are arranged in a ring, which can automatically adjust the hole diameter according to the system working pressure to adapt to different flow rates and gas concentrations. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main tower body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main tower body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a spray assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fluid guiding structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 100. Main tower body; 110. Flow control compartment; 111. Fan; 120. Inspection door; 130. Pipe rack; 101. Y-shaped flow channel; 102. First blocking ring;

[0033] 200, fluid guide; 210, top guide cap; 220, dispersing bottom ball; 230, packing column; 231, second retaining ring;

[0034] 300, Spray assembly; 310, First guide ring; 320, Second guide ring; 311, Spray hole; 330, Liquid distribution pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0036] It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-5 This invention describes an adjustable-flow packed absorption tower for metallurgical waste gas, based on some embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] This utility model provides a flow-adjustable packed absorption tower for metallurgical waste gas, including a main tower body 100, a guide fluid 200, and a spray assembly 300.

[0039] The main tower body 100 is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel or PP, capable of withstanding high temperatures and acid / alkali environments. An inspection door 120 is provided on the outer wall of the main tower body 100 for cleaning and maintenance of the equipment's interior. The interior of the main tower body 100 forms a closed gas channel space, providing a working environment for sufficient contact between the gas and the absorbent liquid.

[0040] (1) Structure and function of the flow control cabin

[0041] The flow control chamber 110 is fixed to one side of the main tower body 100, and an adjustable throttle valve is provided inside it to dynamically adjust the amount and flow rate of the exhaust gas.

[0042] The port of the flow control chamber 110 is connected to the fan 111, which is used to send metallurgical waste gas into the main tower body 100. When the waste gas enters the flow control chamber 110 through the fan 111, the pressure and flow rate of the waste gas are regulated by the throttling valve to maintain the pressure balance in the absorption tower.

[0043] 2. Structure and function of the fluid conductor:

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the guide fluid 200 is fixed to the inner side of the main tower body 100 and located at the axis of the main tower body 100. The guide fluid 200 includes:

[0045] (1) Top guide cap 210

[0046] It is located on the top of the fluid guide 200 and has an arc-shaped structure.

[0047] The top center of the top guide cap 210 is provided with multiple tiny guide holes to disperse the exhaust gas and form a uniform airflow.

[0048] After passing through the top guide cap 210, the exhaust gas forms a ring distribution inside the tower, ensuring full contact between the gas and the packing layer.

[0049] (2) Dispersed bottom ball 220

[0050] It is located at the bottom of the guide fluid 200, has a spherical structure, and its surface is coated with a hydrophilic or adsorbent filler layer.

[0051] The dispersion ball 220 has multiple flow guiding channels inside to guide the dispersion direction of the airflow, prevent gas turbulence, and ensure uniform contact.

[0052] (3) Packing column 230

[0053] It is located between the top guide cap 210 and the dispersion bottom ball 220, and has a hollow structure. It is made of corrosion-resistant ceramic, metal or plastic materials.

[0054] The packing column 230 has several internal flow channels to increase the residence time and flow path of the gas, thereby improving the absorption efficiency.

[0055] (4) First blocking ring 102 and second blocking ring 231

[0056] The first blocking ring 102 is located on the inner wall of the main tower body 100 and has a ring structure.

[0057] The second blocking ring 231 is disposed between the packing column 230 and the top guide cap 210 to restrict the airflow path and prevent gas short circuit.

[0058] The first blocking ring 102 and the second blocking ring 231 form a Tesla valve structure through guiding action, which enhances the guiding and flow-blocking effect of exhaust gas.

[0059] 3. Structure and function of the spray system:

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the spray assembly 300 includes:

[0061] (1) First guide ring 310 and second guide ring 320

[0062] The first guide ring 310 and the second guide ring 320 are arranged in a ring and are made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel or plastic.

[0063] The first guide ring 310 and the second guide ring 320 have a hollow structure inside, and multiple spray holes 311 are evenly distributed on their outer surfaces.

[0064] The spray nozzle 311 is configured as a micro-hole or elongated hole, and the diameter of the hole can be automatically adjusted according to the system pressure and gas flow rate.

[0065] (2) Liquid distribution pipe 330

[0066] The liquid distribution pipe 330 is used to introduce the absorbent from the external liquid supply system into the first guide ring 310 and the second guide ring 320.

[0067] The liquid distribution pipe 330 is equipped with a flow regulating valve and a pressure sensor to dynamically adjust the flow rate of the spray liquid according to the changes in the gas flow rate and concentration in the tower.

[0068] The liquid supply through the liquid distribution pipe 330 ensures that the absorbent liquid is evenly distributed on the surface of the packing column 230, increasing the contact area between the liquid and the gas and improving the absorption efficiency.

[0069] 4. Tesla valve structure:

[0070] The Y-shaped flow channel 101 is located inside the main tower body 100 and is distributed in multiple stages, forming a Tesla valve structure. The first blocking ring 102 and the second blocking ring 231 create a dynamic flow slowing effect, guiding and impeding the exhaust gas during its flow. The Tesla valve structure, through airflow guidance and impediment, creates a dynamic flow slowing effect, enhancing the contact time between the gas and the packing layer and improving absorption efficiency.

[0071] Through the structural design of the Tesla valve, the exhaust gas flows slowly and evenly within the absorption tower, increasing the contact time between the gas and the packing layer and improving the absorption efficiency.

[0072] Working principle and usage process of this utility model:

[0073] Waste gas entry: Metallurgical waste gas enters the flow control chamber 110 through the fan 111. Under the regulation of the throttle valve, the gas flow rate and pressure are precisely controlled. The waste gas enters the packing layer 230 area through the top guide cap 210, and undergoes slow and uniform flow in the Tesla valve structure formed by the first blocking ring 102 and the second blocking ring 231.

[0074] Gas-liquid contact: The spray assembly 300 sprays the absorbent liquid onto the surface of the packing column 230 through the spray holes 311, forming a liquid film. The waste gas and the absorbent liquid come into full contact and react in the packing layer 230, and the harmful components in the waste gas are absorbed.

[0075] Dynamic adjustment: The system monitors the pressure and flow rate within the tower using pressure sensors, and dynamically adjusts the flow rates of the spray liquid and gas by controlling the flow regulating valve. The dynamic flow-retarding effect of the Tesla valve extends the gas-liquid contact time, improving absorption efficiency.

[0076] Purification and emission: The purified gas after absorption is further purified by a demister to remove droplets before being discharged from the exhaust port at the top of the tower. The absorbent is returned to the storage tank via a reflux device for recycling, reducing system operating costs.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0078] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flow adjustable packed column for metallurgical off-gas characterized in that, include: The main tower body (100), the guide fluid (200), and the spray assembly (300) are provided. A flow control chamber (110) is provided on one side of the main tower body (100) for controlling the intake and flow rate of metallurgical waste gas. A fan (111) is connected to the port of the flow control chamber (110). An inspection door (120) and a pipe rack (130) are provided on the surface of the main tower body (100). The guide fluid (200) is fixed to the inner side of the main tower body (100) and located at the axis of the main tower body (100). The spray assembly (300) includes a plurality of first guide rings (310) and second guide rings (320) and a liquid distribution pipe (330) for liquid introduction into the first guide rings (310) and second guide rings (320). The guide fluid (200) includes a top guide cap (210) and a dispersing bottom ball (220) and a plurality of packing columns (230) located between the top guide cap (210) and the dispersing bottom ball (220). A second blocking ring (231) is provided on the bottom surface of the top guide cap (210) and the packing columns (230). The main tower body (100) has a first blocking ring (102) on its inner side, and a Y-shaped flow channel (101) is provided between the inner side of the main tower body (100) and the outer periphery of the guide fluid (200). The top end of the Y-shaped flow channel (101) is connected to the first blocking ring (102) and the second blocking ring (231). The top surfaces of the first guide ring (310) and the second guide ring (320) are provided with a plurality of spray holes (311) for water spraying. The pipe rack (130) is used for the fixed support of the plurality of first guide rings (310) and second guide rings (320). The surface of the dispersing bottom ball (220) is coated with a filler layer.

2. The flow adjustable packed column for metallurgical off-gas according to claim 1, wherein The flow control chamber (110) is equipped with a throttle valve, which is connected to the fan (111) through an adjustable throttle valve. The throttle valve can dynamically adjust the gas flow rate entering the absorption tower according to the pressure and flow rate of the metallurgical waste gas.

3. The flow adjustable packed column for metallurgical off-gas according to claim 1, wherein The first guide ring (310) and the second guide ring (320) have a cavity structure inside. The spray holes (311) are arranged in a ring and are facing the first blocking ring (102) and the second blocking ring (231). The diameter of the spray holes (311) is adjusted according to the working pressure of the absorption tower.

4. The flow adjustable packed column for metallurgical off-gas according to claim 1, wherein The spray assembly (300) is connected to an external liquid supply system through the liquid distribution pipe (330). The liquid distribution pipe (330) is equipped with a flow regulating valve and a pressure sensor, which automatically adjust the spray flow rate according to the pressure and gas concentration changes in the tower.

5. The flow adjustable packed column for metallurgical off-gas according to claim 1, wherein The Y-shaped flow channel (101) forms a Tesla valve structure with the first blocking ring (102) and the second blocking ring (231). The Tesla valve structure can form a dynamic slow flow effect through airflow guidance and airflow stagnation, thereby enhancing the contact time between the gas and the packing layer and improving the absorption efficiency.

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