An automatic laser cutting nozzle changing device

Abstract

This utility model discloses an automatic nozzle replacement device for laser cutting, comprising: a nozzle cleaning component, a nozzle disassembly and assembly structure, and a drive component. The nozzle cleaning component is located on one side of the nozzle disassembly and assembly structure and includes a steel brush and a barrier component. The steel brush is used to clean the nozzle, and the barrier component is located on the upper periphery of the steel brush to prevent dust from overflowing. The drive component is used to drive the nozzle disassembly and assembly structure to disassemble and assemble the nozzle. This device can automatically replace and clean the nozzle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser planar and profile steel cutting technology, specifically an automatic laser cutting nozzle replacement device. Background Technology

[0002] During the use of existing laser cutting machines, problems such as collisions, slag backflow during piercing, and beam centerline deviation can cause nozzle damage or blockage, requiring nozzle cleaning or replacement. Different specifications of nozzles also need to be replaced depending on the thickness, material, and cutting gas. Currently, laser cutting nozzles are replaced manually.

[0003] Regarding the above description, the following issues need to be addressed:

[0004] 1. When manually changing the nozzle, the tightening force varies from person to person. If it's too loose, it will wobble, causing instability in the height of the capacitive sensing material, which can easily lead to the nozzle hitting the material. If it's too tight, it will damage the capacitive sensing device. (Laser cutting is a non-contact cutting method; the height of the nozzle above the material is controlled by the capacitive sensing device of the cutting head.)

[0005] 2. Each time the nozzle is replaced, the cutting head needs to be recalibrated to ensure that the capacitor can more accurately control the nozzle height from the plate. Manual operation may result in forgetting to calibrate, causing the nozzle to collide with the plate and damaging the cutting machine.

[0006] 3. Manually changing or cleaning the nozzle requires the operator to enter the cutting area. The cutting area contains harmful gases and metal dust generated during the cutting process. Long-term inhalation of these substances can harm the operator's health.

[0007] A search revealed that CN201210599028.2 proposes a nozzle changer. However, during actual use, the nozzle may become clogged or excessively adhered. How to solve the nozzle cleaning problem is worth studying. Utility Model Content

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: how to automate nozzle replacement and cleaning operations.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventors of this utility model, through practice and summarization, have derived the technical solution of this utility model, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] An automatic laser cutting nozzle changing device includes:

[0011] The nozzle cleaning assembly is located on one side of the nozzle disassembly structure. The nozzle cleaning assembly includes a steel brush and a barrier. The steel brush is used to clean the nozzle, and the barrier is located on the upper periphery of the steel brush to prevent dust from overflowing.

[0012] Nozzle disassembly and assembly structure and drive assembly, wherein the drive assembly is used to drive the nozzle disassembly and assembly structure to disassemble and assemble the nozzle.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment, the barrier includes a rubber cover and an outer shell. The rubber cover has a downwardly extending insertion port in the middle, which is used to elastically clamp the outer side of the laser cutting head. A sliding plate is installed on the top of the rubber cover. The outer shell is distributed on the outer side of the steel brush and has a sliding groove on its top. The sliding groove and the sliding plate slide together. Bellows covers are installed on both sides of the sliding plate to cover the top of the outer shell.

[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the steel brush component includes a fixed plate and an adjusting plate. The fixed plate is evenly distributed with steel brush bodies and guide short posts. A correction sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the steel brush body. The correction sleeve is installed on the adjusting plate. An airflow channel is distributed inside the adjusting plate. The outlet of the airflow channel is located inside the correction sleeve. The adjusting plate is provided with a through hole that passes through the outer side of the guide short post. The adjusting plate and the fixed plate are connected by an elastic element. An eccentric wheel is arranged between the adjusting plate and the fixed plate. The eccentric wheel is installed on the fixed plate and is equipped with a separate drive motor.

[0015] In a further preferred embodiment, the nozzle disassembly and assembly structure includes a central shaft, with an adapter port at the top of the central shaft for fitting the nozzle shape, a cover plate fitted at the bottom of the central shaft, a base distributed on the outer side of the cover plate, the base and the cover plate being connected by a connecting bearing, and a spring component arranged between the cover plate and the central shaft.

[0016] In a further preferred embodiment, the drive assembly includes a servo motor and a synchronous pulley. The servo motor is mounted on a base, and a drive pulley is installed at the output end of the servo motor. The drive pulley is connected to a synchronous pulley via a synchronous belt. The synchronous pulley is rotatably mounted on the base and axially fitted onto the outside of the central shaft. The cover plate and the synchronous pulley maintain circumferential synchronization.

[0017] In a further preferred embodiment, a tensioning wheel is provided on the base, which is used to tighten the synchronous belt.

[0018] In a further preferred embodiment, the base has side guide rails distributed on its sides, and an upper sealing plate is installed on the side guide rails. An opening and closing cylinder is installed on one side of the base, and the output end of the opening and closing cylinder drives the upper sealing plate to complete the opening and closing. A front sealing plate is installed on the base, and the upper sealing plate runs along the thickness direction of the front sealing plate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Servo control of the nozzle rotation angle precisely controls the nozzle tightening, ensuring the stability of the capacitor during the cutting process.

[0021] 2. The nozzle replacement and subsequent calibration are both automatically completed by the system, preventing any omissions in calibration and avoiding collisions caused by uncalibrated parts.

[0022] 3. The automatic nozzle replacement system avoids the need for operators to enter the cutting area to manually change nozzles, thus preventing them from inhaling harmful gases and metal dust.

[0023] 4. After setting the plate material, thickness, cutting gas, and other information in the control system, the equipment automatically changes to the matching nozzle, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0024] 5. When the nozzle becomes clogged or excessively adhered, the system can be cleaned by the steel brush in the device and recalibrated by the calibration block. During cleaning, the dust can be effectively prevented from overflowing.

[0025] 6. A barrier can be used to cover the outside of the nozzle, thus solving the problem of dust overflow when cleaning the nozzle of the steel brush. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 (No barrier installed);

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the barrier component of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the barrier component of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the air passage distribution of the adjustment plate of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle assembly / disassembly structure of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Top view;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view at point BB;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a structural distribution diagram of the upper sealing plate of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the operating conditions of this device. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an automatic laser cutting nozzle changing device includes:

[0040] Nozzle cleaning assembly 10 is distributed on one side of nozzle disassembly and assembly structure 20. Nozzle cleaning assembly 10 includes steel brush 11 and barrier 12. Steel brush 11 is used to clean the nozzle, and barrier 12 is distributed on the upper periphery of steel brush 11 to prevent dust from overflowing.

[0041] The nozzle assembly / disassembly structure 20 and the drive assembly 30 are used to drive the nozzle assembly / disassembly structure 20 to assemble and disassemble the nozzle.

[0042] In practice, the barrier 12 is used to cover the outside of the laser nozzle and to surround the steel brush 11. During cleaning, the barrier 12 is used to separate the internal dust from the outside, thereby completing the nozzle cleaning and solving the problem of dust overflow during cleaning.

[0043] In practical use, the nozzle can be replaced by using the nozzle disassembly and assembly structure driven by the component.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] In the device, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the barrier 12 includes a rubber cover 121 and an outer shell 122. The rubber cover 121 has a downwardly extending insertion port in the middle, which is used to elastically clamp the outer side of the laser cutting head. A sliding plate 124 is installed on the top of the rubber cover 121. The outer shell 122 is distributed on the outer side of the steel brush 11 and has a sliding groove on its top. The sliding groove and the sliding plate 124 slide together. Bellows covers 123 are installed on both sides of the sliding plate 124 to cover the top of the outer shell 122.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] In the aforementioned device, the steel brush 11 frequently bends. After repeated cleaning, because the positional changes of the laser cutting head are set by the system, the steel brush may bend after multiple cleaning cycles, leading to positional distortion and unsatisfactory cleaning results. Therefore: Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the steel brush component 11 includes a fixed plate 111 and an adjusting plate 112. Steel brush bodies 113 and guide short posts 114 are evenly distributed on the fixed plate 111. A correction sleeve 115 is fitted on the outer side of the steel brush body 113. The correction sleeve 115 is installed on the adjusting plate 112. An airflow channel is distributed inside the adjusting plate 112. The outlet of the airflow channel is located inside the correction sleeve 115. A through hole is provided on the adjusting plate 112 and inserted through the outer side of the guide short post 114. The adjusting plate 112 and the fixed plate 111 are connected by an elastic element 117. An eccentric wheel 116 is arranged between the adjusting plate 112 and the fixed plate 111. The eccentric wheel 116 is installed on the fixed plate 111 and is equipped with a separate drive motor.

[0048] The eccentric wheel 116 driven by the drive motor, in conjunction with the elastic element 117, causes the adjustment plate 112 to move up and down reciprocally, which in turn drives the calibration sleeve 115 to move up and down reciprocally. During the cleaning process, high-pressure gas needs to be supplied to the airflow channel of the adjustment plate 112 to prevent the steel brush body 113 (blockage) from getting stuck in the calibration sleeve 115. At the same time, the steel brush body 113 can also be used for linear calibration. The inner diameter of the calibration sleeve 115 is larger than that of the steel brush body 113, about twice the outer diameter of the steel brush body 113.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] In the device, such as Figure 6 , 7 As shown in Figure 8, the nozzle assembly / disassembly structure 20 includes a central shaft 21. The top of the central shaft 21 is provided with an adapter port for fitting the nozzle shape. A cover plate 22 is fitted at the bottom of the central shaft 21. A base 24 is distributed on the outer side of the cover plate 22. The base 24 and the cover plate 22 are connected by a connecting bearing. A spring 23 is arranged between the cover plate 22 and the central shaft 21.

[0051] The drive assembly 30 includes a servo motor 31 and a synchronous pulley 34. The servo motor 31 is mounted on the base 24. The output end of the servo motor 31 is equipped with a drive pulley 33. The drive pulley 33 is connected to the synchronous pulley 34 via a synchronous belt 36. The synchronous pulley 34 is rotatably mounted on the base 24 and axially fitted onto the outside of the central shaft 21. The cover plate 22 and the synchronous pulley 34 maintain circumferential synchronization.

[0052] A tensioning wheel 35 is provided on the base 24, which is used to tension the timing belt 36.

[0053] The nozzle is adapted to the shape of the nozzle by means of the nozzle disassembly and assembly structure 20 and the spring part 23 can ensure that the nozzle and the adapter are adapted. After the nozzle is adapted, the servo motor 31 drives the synchronous wheel 34 to rotate, thereby driving the nozzle disassembly and assembly. This process can be completed by the system fully automatic control.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] In the device, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 9, the base 24 has side guide rails 53 distributed on its sides, and an upper sealing plate 51 is installed on the side guide rails 53. An opening and closing cylinder 52 is installed on one side of the base 24. The output end of the opening and closing cylinder 52 drives the upper sealing plate 51 to complete the opening and closing. A front sealing plate 54 is installed on the base 24, and the upper sealing plate 51 runs along the thickness direction of the front sealing plate 54. In order to prevent dust from entering the changing device during the cutting operation, an opening and closing structure is added at the top to protect the nozzle disassembly and assembly structure 20 from contamination.

[0056] In this scheme, a calibration block 40 is also set on the base 24, and the calibration block 40 is used to complete the calibration.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. The substitutions may be replacements of some structures, devices, or method steps, or they may be complete technical solutions. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model should all be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic laser cutting nozzle changing device, characterized in that, include: Nozzle cleaning assembly (10) is distributed on one side of nozzle disassembly structure (20). Nozzle cleaning assembly (10) includes steel brush (11) and barrier (12). Steel brush (11) is used to clean the nozzle, and barrier (12) is distributed on the upper periphery of steel brush (11) to prevent dust from overflowing. Nozzle disassembly structure (20) and drive assembly (30), the drive assembly (30) being used to drive the nozzle disassembly structure (20) to disassemble and assemble the nozzle.

2. The automatic laser cutting nozzle changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that The barrier (12) includes a rubber cover (121) and an outer shell (122). The rubber cover (121) has a downwardly extending insertion port in the middle, which is used to elastically clamp the outer side of the laser cutting head. A sliding plate (124) is installed on the top of the rubber cover (121). The outer shell (122) is distributed on the outer side of the steel brush (11) and has a sliding groove on the top. The sliding groove and the sliding plate (124) slide together. Bellows covers (123) are installed on both sides of the sliding plate (124) to cover the top of the outer shell (122).

3. The automatic laser cutting nozzle changer of claim 1, wherein, The steel brush component (11) includes a fixed plate (111) and an adjusting plate (112). The fixed plate (111) is evenly distributed with steel brush bodies (113) and guide short posts (114). A correction sleeve (115) is fitted on the outside of the steel brush body (113). The correction sleeve (115) is installed on the adjusting plate (112). An airflow channel is distributed inside the adjusting plate (112). The outlet of the airflow channel is located inside the correction sleeve (115). A through hole is provided on the adjusting plate (112) and inserted through the outside of the guide short post (114). The adjusting plate (112) and the fixed plate (111) are connected by an elastic element (117). An eccentric wheel (116) is arranged between the adjusting plate (112) and the fixed plate (111). The eccentric wheel (116) is installed on the fixed plate (111) and is equipped with a separate drive motor.

4. The automatic laser cutting nozzle changer of claim 1, wherein, The nozzle assembly / disassembly structure (20) includes a central shaft (21), an adapter port is provided at the top of the central shaft (21) for fitting the nozzle shape, a cover plate (22) is fitted at the bottom of the central shaft (21), a base (24) is distributed on the outer side of the cover plate (22), the base (24) and the cover plate (22) are connected by a connecting bearing, and a spring (23) is arranged between the cover plate (22) and the central shaft (21).

5. The automatic laser cutting nozzle changer of claim 4, wherein, The drive assembly (30) includes a servo motor (31) and a synchronous pulley (34). The servo motor (31) is mounted on the base (24). The output end of the servo motor (31) is equipped with a drive pulley (33). The drive pulley (33) is connected to the synchronous pulley (34) via a synchronous belt (36). The synchronous pulley (34) is rotatably mounted on the base (24) and axially fitted on the outside of the central shaft (21). The cover plate (22) and the synchronous pulley (34) maintain circumferential synchronization.

6. The automatic laser cutting nozzle changing device according to claim 5, characterized in that The base (24) is provided with tensioning rollers (35), which are used to tighten the synchronous belt (36).

7. The automatic laser cutting nozzle changing device according to claim 5, wherein The base (24) has side guide rails (53) distributed on its side. An upper sealing plate (51) is installed on the side guide rails (53). An opening and closing cylinder (52) is installed on one side of the base (24). The output end of the opening and closing cylinder (52) drives the upper sealing plate (51) to complete the opening and closing. A front sealing plate (54) is installed on the base (24). The upper sealing plate (51) runs along the thickness direction of the front sealing plate (54).

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