A floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, a crankshaft machining clamp and a machining device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, a crankshaft machining fixture, and a machining device. It includes a positioning seat and a floating anti-rotation assembly. The positioning seat has three mutually perpendicular and interconnected cavities. The floating anti-rotation assembly includes a swinging part, a limiting part, a first hydraulic cylinder, a pushing part, and a first spring. The swinging part is adjustablely positioned within the third cavity of the positioning seat via the limiting part, and its length extends along the axial direction of the third cavity. The first hydraulic cylinder is located outside the positioning seat and along the axial direction of the second cavity. The pushing part is located within the second cavity and at the end of the first hydraulic cylinder. The first spring is positioned on the pushing part, ensuring that the pushing part is always in contact with the lower part of the swinging part. The first spring and the swinging part allow the pushing part to reciprocate along the axial direction of the second cavity. This utility model solves the problems of unstable clamping, inconvenient adjustment, and poor accuracy in traditional crankshaft machining fixtures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of crankshaft machining technology, specifically relating to a floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, crankshaft machining fixture and machining device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of air compressors, the crankshaft's machining accuracy directly affects the compressor's performance and lifespan. Due to technological limitations, traditional crankshaft machining fixtures produce crankshaft blanks with dimensional tolerances of 1-2 mm. Furthermore, traditional crankshaft machining fixtures suffer from problems such as unstable clamping, inconvenient adjustment, and limited applicability, making it difficult to meet the demands for high-precision and high-efficiency machining. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, a crankshaft machining fixture, and a machining device.

[0004] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] Firstly, a floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism is provided, comprising:

[0006] The positioning seat has three cavities that are perpendicular to each other and interconnected: a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity.

[0007] A floating anti-rotation component includes a swinging part, a limiting part, a first hydraulic cylinder, a pushing part, and a first spring. The swinging part is adjustablely disposed within the third cavity of the positioning seat via the limiting part, and its length extends along the axial direction of the third cavity. The first hydraulic cylinder is disposed outside the positioning seat and located along the axial direction of the second cavity of the positioning seat. The pushing part is disposed within the second cavity of the positioning seat and disposed at the end of the first hydraulic cylinder, thereby providing a limiting effect. The first spring is disposed on the pushing part and, through its elastic force, ensures that the pushing part is always in contact with the lower part of the swinging part. The first spring and the swinging part together constitute a structure that pushes the pushing part to reciprocate along the axial direction of the second cavity.

[0008] The axes of the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity extend in the directions of a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction, respectively, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the positioning seat is provided with a grid-like groove to increase the friction between the crankshaft and the positioning seat.

[0010] Secondly, a crankshaft machining fixture is provided, including the aforementioned floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, and further comprising:

[0011] A clamping assembly, and the first hydraulic cylinder, are respectively disposed on both sides of the positioning seat along a second direction; at least a portion of the clamping assembly is disposed within the second cavity and reciprocates along the second direction; and

[0012] A reverse thrust assembly is disposed on the clamping assembly and extends along a third direction. The reverse thrust assembly, together with the clamping assembly and the floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, constitutes a structure that adjusts the crankshaft position by pushing the reverse thrust assembly.

[0013] In some embodiments, the clamp assembly includes:

[0014] The second hydraulic cylinder is disposed on both sides of the positioning seat along the second direction, as is the first hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] A floating pressure head, disposed at the end of the second hydraulic cylinder and extending along the second direction, wherein the floating pressure head contains a spring; and

[0016] A pressure plate is disposed in the positioning seat and connected to the end of the floating pressure head. The pressure plate slides back and forth in the positioning seat along the second direction under the pushing action of the floating pressure head and the second oil cylinder.

[0017] In some embodiments, the backpropagation component includes:

[0018] Multiple rods, all of which together form a frame structure extending upward in a third direction, at least a portion of which are connected to the pressure plate, and the frame structure, the pressure plate, and the floating anti-rotation assembly together form a structure for adjusting the crankshaft position.

[0019] Thirdly, a processing apparatus is provided, comprising a plurality of the aforementioned crankshaft processing fixtures, all of which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction, and further comprising:

[0020] Mounting plate, all crankshaft machining fixtures are mounted on the mounting plate, the mounting plate has multiple through oil passages, all of which are respectively connected to the corresponding first and second oil cylinders; and

[0021] Multiple sequence valves are connected to the corresponding first cylinders to adjust the timing of the actions of the first cylinders relative to the second cylinders.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism of this utility model adopts an adjustable structure and a floating anti-rotation component, which makes it easier to adjust the position of the crankshaft in the small space inside the positioning seat. The grid-like grooves set inside the positioning seat increase the friction between the crankshaft and the fixture, ensuring the stability of the crankshaft during processing. The fixture assembly is a pre-clamping mechanism, which makes the impact energy of the hydraulic cylinder clamping less influential on the crankshaft positioning. The reverse thrust mechanism reduces the impact of the reduced positioning hole caused by the fixture assembly on the placement of the crankshaft, and enlarges the positioning hole in the opposite direction, making it easier to pick up and put down the crankshaft. The entire processing fixture is stable and easy to adjust, which can greatly improve the processing accuracy of the crankshaft. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the crankshaft processing device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning seat provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating anti-rotation component provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clamp assembly provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reverse thrust component provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point BB. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] This invention provides a floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, which solves the problems of unstable clamping, inconvenient adjustment, and limited applicability of traditional crankshaft machining fixtures. This invention also provides a crankshaft machining fixture using this floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, and a machining device using this crankshaft machining fixture.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, a floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism 30 is provided, which includes a positioning seat 301 and a floating anti-rotation component 302.

[0034] The positioning base 301 has three cavities that are perpendicular to each other and communicate with each other; in one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the axial extension directions of the first cavity 303, the second cavity 304, and the third cavity 305 of the positioning seat 301 are the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z, respectively, and the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are mutually perpendicular. In one embodiment, as... Figure 1-3 As shown, the positioning seat 301 includes a base 3011, a positioning plate 3012, a first support block 3013, a second support block 3014, and a cover plate 3015. The cavity extending in the second direction Y of the base 3011 is a second cavity 304, and the cavity extending in the third direction Z is a third cavity 305. The positioning plate 3012 is fixed to the top of the base 3011 and, together with the groove on the top of the base 3011, forms a first cavity 303 extending in the first direction X. The three cavities facilitate the discharge of iron filings and cutting fluid generated during crankshaft machining inside the positioning seat 301. The cover plate 3015 is disposed on the top of the positioning plate 3012, and at least a portion of the clamping assembly 201 is disposed within the groove formed between the cover plate 3015 and the positioning plate 3012. The first support block 3013 and the second support block 3014 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the base 3011 along the first direction X, and their lengths both extend in the opposite direction to the third direction Z, for fixing the position of the crankshaft. In one embodiment, as... Figure 3 As shown, a grid-like groove is provided on the inner wall of the positioning seat 301 to increase the friction between the crankshaft and the positioning seat 301.

[0035] The floating anti-rotation assembly 302 includes a swing part 3021, a first hydraulic cylinder 3022, a pushing part 3023, and a first spring 3024. The swing part 3021 is adjustablely disposed within the third cavity 305 of the positioning seat 301 and extends along the axial direction of the third cavity 305. The first hydraulic cylinder 3022 is disposed outside the positioning seat 301 and located along the axial direction of the second cavity 304 of the positioning seat 301. The pushing part 3023 is disposed within the second cavity 304 of the positioning seat 301 and is disposed at the end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3022, thereby providing a limiting effect. The first spring 3024 is disposed on the pushing part 3023 and, through its elastic force, ensures that the pushing part 3023 is always in contact with the lower part of the swing part 3021. The first spring 3024 and the swing part 3021 together constitute a structure that pushes the pushing part 3023 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the second cavity 304. In one embodiment, as shown... Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the floating anti-rotation assembly 302 includes a limiting part 3025, a swinging part 3021, a first hydraulic cylinder 3022, a pushing part 3023, and a first spring 3024. The swinging part 3021 is adjustablely disposed in the cavity of the base 3011 via the limiting part 3025 and extends in the opposite direction to the third direction Z. The limiting part 3025 includes a limiting block 3025a, two limiting screws 3025b, a limiting baffle 3025c, a first fixing pin 3025d, and a second fixing pin 3025e, which limit the rotation of the cylinder. Screw 3025b is adjustablely disposed at the upper end of the swing part 3021. Limiting block 3025a is disposed on the right side of the swing part 3021 via a first fixing pin 3025d. Limiting baffle 3025c is disposed at the top of the base 3011 in front of the swing part 3021 to limit the floating space of the swing part 3021. In one embodiment, the limiting screw 3025b is an external hexagonal ball head screw, making the crankshaft easier to adjust within the small space inside the positioning seat 301. The length of the second fixing pin 3025e is along the first… A second fixing pin 3025e extends in the X direction and is located in front of the swing part 3021. One end of the second fixing pin 3025e is fixed to the side wall of the base 3011, while the other end is located inside the swing part 3021 to ensure the stability of the swing part 3021. The first hydraulic cylinder 3022 is located outside the positioning seat 301 via the first hydraulic cylinder seat 3026, and its rotation axis extends in the opposite direction to the second direction Y. The plug 3021 is located at the front end of the first hydraulic cylinder 3022 and is fixed to the cavity end face of the base 3011 to ensure that there are no iron filings inside. The push part 3023 extends along the second direction Y in its length direction and is disposed within the cavity of the base 3011. The right end of the push part 3023 is connected to the plug 3027. The first spring 3024 is disposed on the outer wall of the right end of the push part 3023 and on the left end of the plug 3027. Under the action of the first spring 3024, the push part 3023 is always in contact with the lower part of the swing part 3021. Under the action of the first spring 3024 and the swing part 3021, the push part 3023 reciprocates along the second direction Y. In one embodiment, as... Figure 4 As shown, the push unit 3023 uses a floating pin.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5-7 As shown, a crankshaft machining fixture 20 is provided, which, in addition to the floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism 30 mentioned above, also includes a fixture assembly 201 and a reverse thrust assembly 202.

[0037] The clamping assembly 201 and the first hydraulic cylinder 3022 are respectively disposed on both sides of the positioning seat 301 along the second direction Y, and at least a portion of the clamping assembly 201 is disposed within the second cavity 304 and reciprocates along the second direction Y; in one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the clamp assembly 201 includes a second hydraulic cylinder 2011, a floating pressure head 2012, and a pressure plate 2013. The second hydraulic cylinder 2011 is disposed on both sides of the positioning seat 301 along the second direction Y via a second hydraulic cylinder seat 2014 and a first hydraulic cylinder 3022, respectively. The floating pressure head 2012 is disposed at the end of the rotating shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 2011 via a hydraulic cylinder connector 2015 and extends along the second direction Y. A second spring 2016 is disposed at the connection between the floating pressure head 2012 and the hydraulic cylinder connector 2015. The pressure plate 2013 is disposed in the groove formed between the cover plate 3015 and the positioning plate 3012 and is connected to the end of the floating pressure head 2012. The pressure plate 2013 slides back and forth in the positioning seat 301 along the second direction Y under the pushing action of the floating pressure head 2012 and the second hydraulic cylinder 2011.

[0038] The thrust reverser assembly 202 is mounted on the clamp assembly 201 and extends along the third direction Z. The thrust reverser assembly 202, together with the clamp assembly 201 and the floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism 30, constitutes a structure for adjusting the crankshaft position by pushing the thrust reverser assembly 202. The thrust reverser assembly 202 includes multiple rods, all of which together form a frame structure extending along the third direction Z. At least a portion of the rods are connected to the pressure plate 2013. The frame structure, together with the pressure plate 2013 and the floating anti-rotation assembly 302, constitutes a structure for adjusting the crankshaft position. In one embodiment, as... Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the thrust reverser assembly 202 includes a thrust reverser seat 2021, a push rod 2022, a connecting pin 2023, a rotating pin 2024, and two support rods 2025. The thrust reverser seat 2021 is disposed between the positioning seat 301 and the second hydraulic cylinder 2011. Support rods 2025 extending in the third direction Z are fixed on both sides of the thrust reverser seat 2021 by the rotating pins 2024. The tops of the two support rods 2025 are connected by the push rod 2022. The connecting pin 2023 passes through the groove in the middle of the two support rods 2025 and is connected to the pressure plate 2013.

[0039] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a processing apparatus 10 is provided, including a plurality of crankshaft processing fixtures 20 as described above. All crankshaft processing fixtures 20 are arranged sequentially at intervals along a first direction X. The apparatus also includes a mounting plate 101 and a plurality of sequence valves 102. All crankshaft processing fixtures 20 are mounted on the mounting plate 101, which has multiple through-flow oil passages. All oil passages are respectively connected to the corresponding first oil cylinder 3022 and second oil cylinder 2011. In one embodiment, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, four lifting rings 103 are evenly distributed around the four edges of the mounting plate 101 for hoisting the processing device 10; multiple sequence valves 102 are respectively connected to the corresponding first oil cylinder 3022 for adjusting the action sequence time of the first oil cylinder 3022 relative to the second oil cylinder 2011.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the working process of the processing device 10 is as follows:

[0041] By manually adjusting the positions of each component of the limiting part 3025, the crankshaft can accurately contact the front end of the limiting screw 3025b when it is placed in the positioning seat 301 and compress the first spring 3024 to move in the second direction Y. At this time, the first spring 3024 is in a compressed state.

[0042] By manually pushing the reverse thrust assembly 202 to move in the opposite direction of the second direction Y, the reverse thrust assembly 202 drives the pressure plate 2013 and the floating pressure head 2012 to move in the opposite direction of the second direction Y. At this time, the second spring 2016 is in a compressed state, and the internal space of the positioning seat 301 is in an increased state.

[0043] The crankshaft blank is placed into the positioning seat 301 by manual means. The first spring 3024, which is in a compressed state, drives the pushing part 3023 and the swinging part 3021 and, together with the limiting screw 3025b, finely rotates the crankshaft blank to ensure that both ends of the crankshaft blank are in contact with the two limiting screws 3025b respectively.

[0044] By manually releasing the push-back assembly 202, the restoring force of the second spring 2016 pushes the floating pressure head 2012 and the pressure plate 2013 to move along the second direction Y, and the push-back assembly 202 gradually returns to its original position;

[0045] The machine tool is started, the machine tool program starts, and oil is supplied to the oil passage in the mounting plate 101. The oil flows to the second oil cylinder 2011 through the oil passage in the mounting plate 101, causing the second oil cylinder 2011 to push the oil cylinder connector 2015 to move in the second direction Y until it contacts the pressure plate 2013 and presses the crankshaft; the first oil cylinder 3022, under the restriction of the sequence valve 102, abuts against the crankshaft through the pushing part 3023.

[0046] After the crankshaft machining process is completed, the oil circuit is automatically switched to release the pressure through the machine tool program. The rotating shafts of the first oil cylinder 3022 and the second oil cylinder 2011 are automatically returned to their original positions. Then, the reverse thrust assembly 202 is manually pushed to move in the opposite direction of the second direction Y and the machined crankshaft workpiece is taken out. The residual cutting fluid and iron filings are cleaned and it is ready to enter the next cycle of operation.

[0047] The floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism 30 provided by this utility model adopts an adjustable limiting part 3025, which makes it easier to adjust the position of the crankshaft in the positioning seat 301; the floating anti-rotation component 302 adopted by the floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism 30 makes it possible to adjust more promptly when the size of the crankshaft changes; in addition, the entire crankshaft machining fixture 20 uses two hydraulic cylinders to limit the crankshaft, making the positioning of the crankshaft in the positioning seat 301 more stable and effectively improving the machining accuracy of the crankshaft.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of one or more embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included within the scope of protection of one or more embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, characterized in that, include: The positioning seat has three cavities that are perpendicular to each other and interconnected: a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity. A floating anti-rotation component includes a swinging part, a limiting part, a first hydraulic cylinder, a pushing part, and a first spring. The swinging part is adjustablely disposed within the third cavity of the positioning seat via the limiting part, and its length extends along the axial direction of the third cavity. The first hydraulic cylinder is disposed outside the positioning seat and located along the axial direction of the second cavity of the positioning seat. The pushing part is disposed within the second cavity of the positioning seat and disposed at the end of the first hydraulic cylinder, thereby providing a limiting effect. The first spring is disposed on the pushing part and, through its elastic force, ensures that the pushing part is always in contact with the lower part of the swinging part. The first spring and the swinging part together constitute a structure that pushes the pushing part to reciprocate along the axial direction of the second cavity. The axes of the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity extend in the directions of a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction, respectively, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism of claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the positioning seat is provided with a grid-like groove to increase the friction between the crankshaft and the positioning seat.

3. A crankshaft machining fixture characterized by, Including the floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism according to any one of claims 1-2, it further includes: A clamping assembly, and the first hydraulic cylinder, are respectively disposed on both sides of the positioning seat along a second direction; at least a portion of the clamping assembly is disposed within the second cavity and reciprocates along the second direction; and A reverse thrust assembly is disposed on the clamping assembly and extends along a third direction. The reverse thrust assembly, together with the clamping assembly and the floating anti-rotation positioning mechanism, constitutes a structure that adjusts the crankshaft position by pushing the reverse thrust assembly.

4. The crankshaft machining fixture of claim 3, wherein The clamp assembly includes: The second hydraulic cylinder is disposed on both sides of the positioning seat along the second direction, as is the first hydraulic cylinder. A floating pressure head, disposed at the end of the second hydraulic cylinder and extending along the second direction, wherein the floating pressure head contains a spring; and A pressure plate is disposed within the positioning seat and connected to the end of the floating pressure head. The pressure plate slides back and forth within the positioning seat in the second direction under the pushing action of the floating pressure head and the second oil cylinder.

5. The crankshaft machining fixture of claim 4, wherein, The reverse propagation component includes: Multiple rods, all of which together form a frame structure extending upward in a third direction, at least a portion of which are connected to the pressure plate, and the frame structure, the pressure plate, and the floating anti-rotation assembly together form a structure for adjusting the crankshaft position.

6. A processing device, characterized by Including multiple crankshaft machining fixtures as described in claim 5, all of which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction, and further comprising: Mounting plate, all crankshaft machining fixtures are mounted on the mounting plate, the mounting plate has multiple through oil passages, all of which are respectively connected to the corresponding first and second oil cylinders; and Multiple sequence valves are connected to the corresponding first cylinders to adjust the timing of the actions of the first cylinders relative to the second cylinders.

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