A multi-outlet variable-direction waterjet cutting head structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a multi-outlet variable-direction waterjet cutting head structure, belonging to the field of waterjet cutting technology. It includes a mounting base and several nozzles. The mounting base has an inner cavity communicating with one end therein, and several mounting holes communicating with the inner cavity are spaced apart on the side wall of the mounting base. The mounting holes have a stepped hole structure. Each nozzle has a spray hole in the middle and a boss at one end. The nozzle is inserted into the mounting hole. A pressure block is installed at the larger end of the mounting hole, and the pressure block has a through hole corresponding to the spray hole. By setting multiple nozzles, multi-directional synchronous waterjet cutting operations can be achieved, effectively improving cutting efficiency, reducing labor intensity, and effectively ensuring the relative accuracy of multiple cutting gaps, thereby improving construction quality. The nozzles are pressed and sealed by the pressure block, ensuring the sealing performance of the waterjet cutting head structure, preventing high-pressure water leakage, and facilitating the disassembly and installation of the nozzles, improving assembly and maintenance efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waterjet cutting technology, specifically a multi-outlet variable-direction waterjet cutting head structure. Background Technology

[0002] Waterjet cutting, also known as water jet cutting, is a high-pressure water jet cutting technology that uses high-pressure water to cut materials. Ordinary tap water is pressurized hundreds or thousands of times by a pressurization system, and then ejected from a nozzle with an extremely small aperture, forming a supersonic water jet with extremely high velocity. The impact force and speed of the water jet are used to cut the material. To cut harder materials, abrasives such as garnet sand can be added to the supersonic water jet to enhance its cutting ability.

[0003] In the mining industry, compared to traditional methods such as oxygen cutting and electric welding, waterjet cutting has the advantages of no open flame, no thermal deformation, and high cutting quality, effectively reducing the safety risks of hot work operations underground. Waterjet cutting is widely used in mining: cutting metal objects underground, pre-splitting cutting of top coal and roof, depressurization and permeability enhancement of coal seams, ore mining and separation, roadway shaping and widening, etc.

[0004] Hydraulic slotting along the goaf utilizes the powerful energy of high-pressure water jets to cut predetermined slots in the roof or coal wall of the goaf using specialized slotting equipment. Specifically, the cutting head, which is directed to spray (preferably perpendicular to the drilling direction to ensure cutting depth), is moved along the length of the pre-drilled hole to achieve slotting operations on the roof or coal wall.

[0005] Traditional variable-direction jet cutting heads have a single-outlet structure. For multi-directional (more than two directions) cuts, the cutting head needs to be fed into the borehole multiple times. This not only affects the cutting efficiency and increases labor intensity, but also greatly reduces the relative accuracy of multiple cuts, affecting the construction quality. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems of traditional single-outlet waterjet cutting heads, which are not flexible enough for multi-directional cutting, resulting in low cutting efficiency, high labor intensity, and inconsistent accuracy across multiple slits, this invention provides a multi-outlet variable-direction waterjet cutting head structure.

[0007] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-outlet variable-direction waterjet cutting head structure includes a mounting base and several nozzles. The mounting base has an inner cavity that extends through one end therein, and several mounting holes communicating with the inner cavity are spaced apart on the side wall of the mounting base. The mounting holes have a stepped hole structure, with their larger openings located on the side away from the inner cavity. The nozzles have a spray hole in the middle and a boss at one end. The nozzles are inserted into the mounting holes, and the boss can press and seal the stepped surface of the mounting holes. A pressure block is installed at the larger opening of the mounting holes to press and seal the boss, and the pressure block has a through hole corresponding to the spray hole.

[0009] A further improvement of this invention is that the positions of several nozzles are consistent along the center line of the inner cavity.

[0010] A further improvement of this utility model is that several nozzles are staggered in the direction of the center line of the inner cavity.

[0011] A further improvement of this invention is that the nozzle axis and the inner cavity centerline are on the same plane.

[0012] A further improvement of this utility model is that a first sealing gasket is provided between the boss and the stepped surface of the mounting hole.

[0013] A further improvement of this utility model is that the number of nozzles is two, and they are arranged opposite to each other.

[0014] A further improvement of this utility model is that the pressure block is threadedly screwed onto the large end of the mounting hole, and its outer end face is provided with an operating groove.

[0015] A further improvement of this utility model is that the inner end of the nozzle is chamfered.

[0016] A further improvement of this utility model is that a connecting pipe is threadedly installed at the inner cavity port position.

[0017] A further improvement of this utility model is that a polygonal boss-shaped operating part is provided in the middle of the outer side of the connecting pipe, and a second sealing gasket is provided between the operating part and the inner cavity port position.

[0018] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] This multi-outlet variable-direction waterjet cutting head structure, by connecting a waterjet cutting system at the inner cavity port, allows high-pressure water jets to enter the inner cavity and then enter the nozzles from the inner ends of multiple nozzles, exiting through the nozzles. This enables simultaneous waterjet cutting in multiple directions, effectively improving cutting efficiency, reducing labor intensity, and ensuring the relative accuracy of multiple cutting gaps, thereby improving construction quality. Furthermore, the nozzles are secured by pressure blocks, ensuring a tight seal between the boss and the stepped surface of the mounting hole, guaranteeing the waterjet cutting head structure's airtightness, preventing high-pressure water leakage, and facilitating nozzle disassembly and installation, improving assembly and maintenance efficiency. The overall structure is simple, easy to use, and highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a second-view structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a side view of a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the nozzle alignment arrangement in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the staggered arrangement of nozzles in a specific embodiment of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing block structure according to a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-removing trough arrangement in a specific embodiment of this utility model.

[0029] In the attached diagram: 1. Mounting base, 11. Inner cavity, 12. Mounting hole, 2. Connecting pipe, 13. Sand removal groove, 21. Operating part, 3. Nozzle, 31. Spray hole, 32. Boss, 33. Chamfer, 4. Pressure block, 41. Through hole, 42. Operating groove, 5. First sealing gasket, 6. Second sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0031] like Figure 1-8 As shown, this utility model discloses a multi-outlet variable-direction waterjet cutting head structure, including a cylindrical mounting base 1 and several cylindrical nozzles 3; the mounting base 1 has an opening with one end face ( Figure 4-5 The lower end face has a through-cavity 11, which is cylindrical and aligned with the center line of the mounting base 1. The side wall of the mounting base 1 has several mounting holes 12 at intervals (circularly) communicating with the inner cavity 11 for mounting the nozzle 3. The mounting holes 12 have a circular cross-section and a stepped structure, with the larger end of the mounting hole 12 located on the side away from the inner cavity 11 (outer side). The nozzle 3 has a relatively fine spray hole 31 in the middle (axis position), and one end of the nozzle 3 has a (one-piece molded) circular protrusion with a larger diameter. Platform 32 (set coaxially with nozzle 3); nozzle 3 is inserted into mounting hole 12 from the outside to the inside, and the inner end of nozzle 3 extends into inner cavity 11 to extend the spray path as much as possible and increase the spray distance. Platform 32 can press and seal the stepped surface of mounting hole 12. A pressure block 4 is installed at the large end (outer end) of mounting hole 12 to press against platform 32. The pressure block 4 has a through hole 41 corresponding to nozzle 31. The through hole 41 is not smaller than the size of nozzle 31, effectively avoiding path interference of through hole 41 to the jet.

[0032] This multi-outlet reversible waterjet cutting head structure, through the inner cavity port 11 position ( Figure 4-5 The lower end of the inner cavity 11 is connected to the water jet cutting system. High-pressure water and sand enter the inner cavity 11 and then enter the nozzle 31 from the inner ends of multiple nozzles 3. The water is then ejected through the nozzle 31, enabling multi-directional synchronous (one-time) water jet cutting operations (such as multi-directional hydraulic cutting along goaf entry), effectively improving cutting efficiency, reducing labor intensity, and ensuring the relative accuracy of multiple cutting gaps, thereby improving construction quality. Furthermore, the nozzles 3 are secured by the pressure block 4, ensuring a tight seal between the boss 32 and the stepped surface of the mounting hole 12, guaranteeing the water jet cutting head structure's airtightness, preventing high-pressure water leakage, and facilitating the disassembly and installation of the nozzles 3, thus improving assembly and maintenance efficiency. The overall structure is simple, easy to use, and highly practical.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the centerline of the nozzle 3 and the centerline of the inner cavity 11 are on the same plane, making the arrangement of the nozzle 3 more regular and the layout within the internal space of the mounting base 1 more reasonable. This facilitates the smooth transition of high-pressure water and sand from the inner cavity 11 to the nozzle hole 31, reduces water flow resistance, and improves the transmission efficiency of water cutting energy. More preferably, the centerline of the nozzle 3 is set perpendicular to the centerline of the inner cavity 11, that is, the nozzle 3 is arranged along the radial direction of the cylindrical mounting base 1. In practical application scenarios such as hydraulic cutting along goaf, the jet can be sprayed perpendicular to the drilling direction, which greatly improves the controllability of the cutting depth, thereby improving the cutting quality and work effect. For other application scenarios, the angle between the centerline of the nozzle 3 and the centerline of the inner cavity 11 can be an appropriate acute or obtuse angle, which is not limited in this application.

[0034] The number of nozzles 3 can be flexibly configured according to the application scenario. In a further embodiment, there are two nozzles 3, which are arranged opposite each other (distributed at 180 degrees). This arrangement can realize synchronous water cutting operations in two opposite directions. In scenarios such as hydraulic slotting in roadway retention in the mining field, compared with a single-outlet cutting head, two slots in opposite directions can be cut at once, which greatly improves the cutting efficiency, reduces the number of times the cutting head is transported in the borehole, and thus reduces labor intensity. In addition, the oppositely arranged nozzles 3 are conducive to balancing the force during the cutting process, avoiding the cutting head position shift or cutting direction deviation caused by unilateral cutting force, thereby better ensuring the relative accuracy of multiple slots and improving construction quality.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 4-6 As shown, a first sealing gasket 5 is provided between the boss 32 and the stepped surface of the mounting hole 12. This further enhances the sealing between the nozzle 3 and the mounting base 1, effectively preventing high-pressure water from leaking from the connection between the nozzle 3 and the mounting base 1, and ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the waterjet cutting head. The first sealing gasket 5 has a certain degree of elasticity, which can buffer the vibration and stress caused by the impact of high-pressure water flow between the nozzle 3 and the mounting base 1 to a certain extent, reduce the wear between the nozzle 3 and the mounting base 1, and extend the service life of the waterjet cutting head.

[0036] Furthermore, the pressure block 4 is threadedly connected to the large end of the mounting hole 12, and its outer end face is provided with a straight or cross-shaped operating groove 42. The pressure block 4 is frustum-shaped, similar to a set screw. By inserting a screwdriver or other tool into the corresponding shaped operating groove 42 and rotating the pressure block 4, the nozzle 3 can be reliably pressed and fixed, and the nozzle 3 can be easily disassembled and replaced.

[0037] When the pressure block 4 is installed in place, the outer end face of the pressure block 4 does not protrude from the outer side of the mounting base 1, so as to ensure smooth movement in some drilling conditions and avoid the drilling wall from bumping and wearing the pressure block 4.

[0038] In a further embodiment, to better accommodate movement within the borehole along the goaf, the end of the mounting base 1 furthest from the opening of the inner cavity 11 is dome-shaped. The dome structure experiences less resistance when moving within the borehole, allowing for smoother movement along the length of the borehole, which helps improve the efficiency of the cutting head movement and thus enhances the efficiency of the cutting operation. During the movement of the cutting head, it can reduce scraping and damage to the borehole wall, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the borehole wall. Damage to the borehole wall may affect the subsequent operation results and may even lead to a decrease in the stability of the surrounding rock or coal. The dome structure can reduce this risk and ensure the smooth progress of the entire construction process.

[0039] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 8, several sand-removing grooves 13 are provided on the side wall of the mounting base 1, and the direction of the sand-removing grooves 13 is consistent with the direction of the axis of the mounting base 1. During the cutting operation of the goaf, the sand-removing grooves 13 can realize smooth sand and water removal, and avoid accumulation in the borehole (blind hole).

[0040] Specifically, the sand-removing troughs 13 can be arranged at a staggered position from the outer end of the nozzle 31, with four troughs evenly spaced in a ring, extending from front to back, and shaped like a concave arc. This ensures smooth and reliable water and sand removal, preventing accumulation within the nozzle.

[0041] In one embodiment, the nozzles 3 are positioned symmetrically along the centerline of the inner cavity 11, resulting in a more regular arrangement of the nozzles 3. This facilitates the rational layout of the nozzles within the mounting base 1 and makes it easier to install and fix the nozzles 3. Simultaneously, this regular arrangement also allows for the even distribution of high-pressure water among the nozzles 3, ensuring that the water jets ejected from each nozzle 3 have relatively consistent pressure and flow rate, thus improving the uniformity of the cutting effect. The inner ends of the nozzles 3 extend into the inner cavity 11 but not beyond the centerline of the inner cavity 11, maintaining a certain distance between the inner ends. This prevents the inner ends of the nozzles 3 from being too close to the center of the inner cavity 11, preventing mutual interference between the nozzles 3 and affecting the smooth flow of high-pressure water. Furthermore, maintaining a certain distance between the inner ends of the nozzles 3 helps to create a reasonable pressure distribution at the nozzle inlet, allowing the high-pressure water to enter the nozzle 3 stably and then be ejected stably from the nozzle hole 31, improving the stability and accuracy of the cutting.

[0042] In another embodiment, several nozzles 3 are staggered along the centerline of the inner cavity 11, and the inner ends of several nozzles 3 extend beyond the centerline of the inner cavity 11 and are at a certain distance from the sidewall of the inner cavity 11. This increases the flexibility of the nozzle arrangement. Under different cutting conditions, the staggered nozzles 3 can spray water jets from different angles and positions, adapting to more complex cutting needs. Compared with the arrangement of nozzles 3 in the same position along the axial direction, it can expand the cutting range and improve the diversity of cutting. The staggered arrangement of nozzles 3 allows the inner ends of the nozzles 3 to penetrate deeper into the inner cavity 11, maximizing the length of the nozzle orifice 31 within a limited space. This helps to improve the efficiency of the nozzles 3 in drawing high-pressure water, thereby effectively improving the pressure and cutting ability of the jet ejected by the nozzles 3.

[0043] The nozzle 31 has a chamfer 33 at its inner end. When the waterjet cutting head is working, high-pressure water flows from the inner cavity 11 to the nozzle 31. The chamfer 33 reduces the resistance when the water flows into the nozzle 31, reduces energy loss, and allows the high-pressure water to be ejected from the nozzle 31 at a higher flow rate, enhancing the impact force of the water jet and thus improving the cutting ability. The chamfer 33 also reduces the possibility of high-pressure water forming turbulence at the inner end of the nozzle 31, allowing the water flow to pass through the nozzle 31 more smoothly and orderly, which helps to improve the cutting accuracy and make the cut surface smoother.

[0044] In a further embodiment, a connecting pipe 2 is threadedly installed at the lower end of the inner cavity 11. The connecting pipe 2 has external threads on its outer side, and the inner cavity 11 has internal threads near the port that connect with the connecting pipe 2. By connecting the connecting pipe 2 to the inner cavity 11 through a threaded connection, a convenient and reliable connection with the water jet cutting system can be achieved.

[0045] Furthermore, a polygonal (hexagonal) boss-shaped operating part 21 is provided on the middle of the outer side of the connecting pipe 2, and a second sealing gasket 6 is provided between the operating part 21 and the port of the inner cavity 11. The polygonal boss-shaped operating part 21 can be easily gripped by tools such as wrenches to rotate the connecting pipe 2, thereby facilitating the easy assembly and disassembly of the connecting pipe 2; the second sealing gasket 6 can fill the gap between the operating part 21 and the port of the inner cavity 11, further improving the sealing of the connection, effectively preventing the medium from leaking from the connection between the connecting pipe 2 and the inner cavity 11, ensuring the pressure stability and normal operation of the waterjet cutting system; the second sealing gasket 6 can also act as a buffer layer, reducing direct contact and friction between the operating part 21 and the port of the inner cavity 11, and can also play a role in shock absorption, absorbing and reducing the vibration of the connection caused by high-pressure water flow, reducing the noise generated by vibration, and improving the working environment.

[0046] This multi-outlet reversible waterjet cutting head structure, through the inner cavity port 11 position ( Figure 4-5The lower end of the inner cavity 11 is connected to the water jet cutting system. High-pressure water and sand enter the inner cavity 11 and then enter the nozzle 31 from the inner ends of multiple nozzles 3. The water is then ejected through the nozzle 31, enabling multi-directional synchronous (one-time) water jet cutting operations (such as multi-directional hydraulic cutting along goaf entry), effectively improving cutting efficiency, reducing labor intensity, and ensuring the relative accuracy of multiple cutting gaps, thereby improving construction quality. Furthermore, the nozzles 3 are secured by the pressure block 4, ensuring a tight seal between the boss 32 and the stepped surface of the mounting hole 12, guaranteeing the water jet cutting head structure's airtightness, preventing high-pressure water leakage, and facilitating the disassembly and installation of the nozzles 3, thus improving assembly and maintenance efficiency. The overall structure is simple, easy to use, and highly practical.

[0047] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure, characterized by, It includes a mounting base (1) and several nozzles (3); the mounting base (1) has an inner cavity (11) that is connected to one end therein, and several mounting holes (12) that are connected to the inner cavity (11) are spaced apart on the side wall of the mounting base (1); the mounting holes (12) have a stepped hole structure, and the larger end of the hole is located on the side away from the inner cavity (11); the nozzle (3) has a spray hole (31) in the middle and a boss (32) at one end; the nozzle (3) is inserted into the mounting hole (12), and the boss (32) can press and seal the stepped surface of the mounting hole (12); a pressure block (4) is installed at the larger end of the mounting hole (12) to press the boss (32), and the pressure block (4) has a through hole (41) corresponding to the spray hole (31).

2. The multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure according to claim 1, wherein, Several nozzles (3) are positioned in the same direction along the center line of the inner cavity (11).

3. The multi-outlet variable-direction waterjet cutting head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several nozzles (3) are staggered along the center line of the inner cavity (11).

4. The multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure according to claim 1, wherein, The centerline of the nozzle (3) and the centerline of the inner cavity (11) are on the same plane.

5. The multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure according to claim 1, wherein, A first sealing gasket (5) is provided between the boss (32) and the stepped surface of the mounting hole (12).

6. The multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure according to claim 1, wherein, There are two nozzles (3), and they are set relative to each other.

7. The multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure according to claim 1, wherein, The pressure block (4) is screwed into the large end of the mounting hole (12) and its outer end face is provided with an operating groove (42).

8. The multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure according to claim 1, wherein, The inner end of the nozzle (31) is chamfered (33).

9. The multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure according to claim 1, wherein, A connecting pipe (2) is threadedly installed at the port position of the inner cavity (11).

10. The multi-outlet redirecting water cutting head structure according to claim 9, wherein, The connecting pipe (2) has a polygonal boss-shaped operating part (21) in the middle of its outer side, and a second sealing gasket (6) is provided at the port position of the operating part (21) and the inner cavity (11).

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