A laser cladding head

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of laser cladding heads, it includes collimating lens group, reflector group, focusing protection component and focusing component. Collimating lens group includes upper collimating lens body and lower collimating lens body, the inside of upper collimating lens body is opened with collimating lens cooling water path along axial direction, circulating cooling water is passed in collimating lens cooling water path, the inner chamber of upper collimating lens body is provided with collimating protection lens by collimating protection drawer, collimating protection drawer is detachably connected by bolt, the inner chamber of lower collimating lens body is provided with collimating lens, the lower end of collimating lens group is fixedly connected with reflector group by bolt and positioning pin, reflector group includes reflector shell, reflector shell is cuboid, reflector shell is provided with reflector seat, and reflector seat is opened with reflector cooling water path. The utility model solves the technical problem that laser cladding head in the field of laser cladding technology is poor spot adaptability, poor heat dissipation capacity, low light resource utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser cladding technology, specifically to a laser cladding head. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding, a typical laser surface treatment technology, involves adding a cladding material to the surface of a substrate and then irradiating it with a high-energy laser to prepare alloy-based coatings or ceramic-reinforced metal-based composite layers on various metal substrates. The treated metal substrate exhibits characteristics such as a smooth coating, uniform and dense microstructure, strong metallurgical bonding between the layer and substrate, and a wide range of performance adjustments. It significantly improves surface hardness, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. Furthermore, the cladding layer has a low dilution rate and a dense microstructure, further enhancing the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and electrical properties of the substrate surface. Leveraging the advantages of precise control over laser spot size and energy, this technology is widely used in the surface modification and additive remanufacturing of high-precision, high-strength, and complex-shaped parts.

[0003] However, existing laser cladding heads suffer from significant technical bottlenecks: firstly, the optical path is fixed, and once the lens is selected, the spot size cannot be flexibly adjusted, making it difficult to meet the needs of multi-dimensional laser cladding; secondly, the lens's heat dissipation capacity is insufficient, unable to support long-term continuous operation; and thirdly, the low reflectivity of the optical path leads to insufficient light energy utilization, resulting in serious waste of incident light resources. Therefore, it is urgent to innovate and improve the structure and optical path design of laser cladding heads to address these problems, thereby enhancing equipment applicability and processing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a laser cladding head that solves the technical problems of poor spot adaptability, poor heat dissipation capacity and low light resource utilization in the field of laser cladding technology.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a laser cladding head, comprising:

[0006] The system comprises a collimating lens assembly, a reflecting mirror assembly, a focusing protection assembly, and a focusing assembly. The collimating lens assembly includes an upper collimating lens body and a lower collimating lens body. The upper collimating lens body has an axially oriented collimating lens cooling water channel, through which circulating cooling water flows. A collimating protection mirror is housed within the inner cavity of the upper collimating lens body via a collimating protection drawer, which is detachably connected by bolts. A collimating mirror is housed within the inner cavity of the lower collimating lens body. The lower end of the collimating lens assembly is fixedly connected to the reflecting mirror assembly via bolts and locating pins. The reflecting mirror assembly includes a reflecting mirror housing, which is rectangular in shape. A reflecting mirror mount is located within the reflecting mirror housing. A reflecting mirror cooling water channel, through which circulating cooling water flows, is located within the reflecting mirror mount.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model include:

[0008] 1. Strong optical control capability: The laser cladding head provided by this utility model uses an integrating reflection copper mirror as a reflector. The integrating reflection copper mirror can realize the customization of the light spot through the degree of freedom of curved surface design and the optimized integration of optical path structure, thereby improving its optical control capability.

[0009] 2. High energy utilization: The laser cladding head provided by this utility model uses an integrating reflection copper mirror as a reflector. The reflective surface of the copper mirror is formed by rotating multiple generatrices around a specific axis, which can convert the divergent Gaussian beam into a large spot with uniform energy. It does not rely on the laser to output a large core diameter beam, which greatly improves the energy utilization.

[0010] 3. High operational stability: The collimating mirror, reflecting mirror, integrating reflection copper mirror, and focusing mirror mount in the laser cladding head provided by this utility model are all equipped with water cooling, which can ensure stable operation for a long time and extend the service life. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the laser cladding head provided by this utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the laser cladding head provided by this utility model;

[0013] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the reflector assembly provided by this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0014] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the reflector assembly provided by this utility model. Figure 2 . Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0016] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 This embodiment provides a laser cladding head, including a QBH fiber optic connector assembly 1, a collimating lens group 2, a reflector group 3, a focusing protection assembly 4, and a focusing assembly 5.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper end of the collimating lens assembly 2 is connected to a QBH fiber optic connector assembly 1, which is compatible with commercially available 6kW high-power laser QBH plugs for stable connection to the laser. The QBH fiber optic connector assembly 1 has a cooling water channel 11 to maintain stable operation over a long period of time.

[0020] Furthermore, the collimating lens assembly 2 includes an upper collimating lens body 21 and a lower collimating lens body 22. The upper collimating lens body 21 and the lower collimating lens body 22 are connected by bolts, and a sealing ring is provided on the connection surface to improve its sealing performance and prevent dust and other contaminants from entering the interior and contaminating its optical path.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the upper collimating mirror body 21 is provided with a collimating protection mirror 24 through a collimating protection drawer 23.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper collimating lens body 21 has an axially oriented collimating lens cooling water channel 25, through which circulating cooling water flows. The collimating lens cooling water channel 25 surrounds the collimating protection mirror 24 and the collimating lens 26. The cooling water in the collimating lens cooling water channel 25 absorbs the heat generated on the lenses by the laser, cooling the collimating protection mirror 24 and the collimating lens 26 to ensure stable lens operation.

[0023] Furthermore, the collimation protection drawer 23 is detachably connected by bolts. The collimation protection mirror 24 can be easily repaired and replaced by the installation method of the collimation protection drawer 23.

[0024] Furthermore, the collimating lens 26 is provided in the inner cavity of the lower collimating lens body 22. The collimating lens 26 is fixed by an elastic pressure ring to ensure accurate lens installation position and avoid deformation or breakage of the lens due to uneven stress caused by temperature changes.

[0025] Furthermore, the lower end of the collimating lens group 2 is fixedly connected to the reflecting mirror group 3 by bolts and positioning pins. At the same time, the contact surfaces of the collimating lens group 2 and the reflecting mirror group 3 are provided with sealing grooves and sealing rings to improve the sealing performance of their connection.

[0026] Furthermore, the reflector assembly 3 includes a reflector housing 31, which is rectangular in shape. A mounting adapter plate 311 is provided on the back of the reflector housing 31 to facilitate installation and disassembly with a workbench or robot. A reflector mount 32 is provided inside the reflector housing 31, and a reflector cooling water channel 33 is provided inside the reflector mount 32. The reflector cooling water channel 33 is circulated with cooling water, which absorbs the heat generated on the lens by the laser, ensuring the working stability of the reflector 34.

[0027] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the reflector housing 31 includes a first cavity 31a and a second cavity 31b. The first cavity 31a is located below the collimating lens group 2. The reflector 34 is disposed in the first cavity 31a through the reflector seat 32 and is fixed by a square pressure block and a stepping bolt. The stepping bolt has a limit step and a spring, which makes the installation operation simple and can maintain elastic contact between the square pressure block and the reflector 34, so that the reflector 34 is subjected to uniform force and avoids stress deformation.

[0028] Furthermore, the reflector 34 is arranged at an angle to the base plate of the reflector housing 31, and the reflector base 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reflector housing 31. Specifically, the reflector base 32 is installed by screws and positioning pins to ensure installation accuracy, and the joint surface is sealed with a sealing ring to ensure that the optical path is not contaminated.

[0029] Furthermore, an integrating reflective copper mirror 35 is provided inside the second cavity 31b. The mirror surface of the integrating reflective copper mirror 35 is arranged parallel to the reflecting mirror 34, so that the laser from the collimating mirror 26 is parallel to the reflected laser path of the integrating reflective copper mirror 35.

[0030] Specifically, the integral reflection copper mirror 35 in this embodiment has the following advantages: 1. Enlarging the spot size: The reflective surface of the copper mirror is formed by rotating multiple generatrices around a specific axis, which can convert the divergent Gaussian beam into a large spot with uniform energy. This design does not rely on the laser to output a large core diameter beam, but achieves the enlargement of the spot size through optical expansion; 2. Improving energy uniformity: The reflective mirror surface is divided into multiple broadband surfaces along the beam transmission direction. Each surface adopts a parabolic or hyperbolic design, so that the parallel incident light forms a rectangular flat-topped spot on the focusing plane after reflection, and the energy uniformity error is less than 5%.

[0031] The integral reflective copper mirror 35 has a hollow structure inside, and copper mirror cooling water 351 is circulated inside the integral reflective copper mirror 35 to reduce the temperature around the integral reflective copper mirror 35 and improve its working stability. The reflector 34 is square in shape.

[0032] Furthermore, the focusing protection component 4 includes a focusing protection lens 41 and a focusing protection lens housing 42. The inner cavity of the focusing protection lens housing 42 is connected to the second cavity 31b. The focusing protection lens housing 42 is fixedly connected to the reflector housing 31 by bolts. A sealing ring is provided on the connection surface to improve its sealing performance and prevent light path contamination.

[0033] Furthermore, the focusing protection lens 41 is disposed in the inner cavity of the focusing protection lens housing 42 via the focusing protection lens drawer 43. The focusing protection lens 41 can be conveniently repaired and replaced by the focusing protection lens drawer 43.

[0034] The focusing protective mirror housing 42 has a focusing protective mirror cooling water channel 44 inside, and the focusing protective mirror cooling water channel 44 surrounds the focusing protective mirror 41.

[0035] Furthermore, the focusing component 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the focusing protective lens housing 42 via the cladding adjustment block 6, wherein the central axis of the focusing component 5 is aligned with the central axis of the focusing protective lens housing 42, and a focusing lens cooling water channel 51 is provided inside the housing of the focusing component 5. The focusing lens cooling water channel 51 surrounds the focusing lens inside the focusing component 5 to remove the heat generated by the lens absorbing the laser in a timely manner, thereby ensuring stable operation of the lens.

[0036] Furthermore, a nozzle 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the focusing component 6, and the central axis of the nozzle 7 is aligned with the central axis of the focusing component 6, so that the center of the nozzle 7 is aligned with the focal point of the laser. Sealing rings are provided at the connection points between the collimating lens group 2, the reflecting mirror group 3, the focusing protection component 4, and the focusing component 5 to improve the sealing performance.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each cooling water path is only marked with its inlet or outlet in the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Working Principle: The laser cladding head provided by this utility model includes a QBH fiber optic connector assembly 1, a collimating lens group 2, a reflecting mirror group 3, a focusing protection assembly 4, and a focusing assembly 5. The collimating lens group 2 includes an upper collimating lens body 21 and a lower collimating lens body 22. The upper collimating lens body 21 and the lower collimating lens body 22 are connected by bolts, and a sealing ring is provided on the connection surface to improve its sealing performance and prevent dust and other contaminants from entering the interior and contaminating the optical path. The inner cavity of the upper collimating lens body 21 is provided with a collimating protection mirror 24 through a collimating protection drawer 23. A collimating mirror cooling water channel 25 is axially opened inside the upper collimating lens body 21, and circulating cooling water flows through the collimating mirror cooling water channel 25. The collimating mirror cooling water channel 25 surrounds the collimating protection mirror 24 and the collimating mirror 26. The cooling water in the collimating mirror cooling water channel 25 absorbs the heat generated on the lenses by the laser, cools the collimating protection mirror 24 and the collimating mirror 26, and ensures stable operation of the lenses.

[0039] Specifically, the cooling water circuit can reduce and absorb the temperature of each lens, improve the working life of each lens, and enable stable operation for a long time; by using the integral reflection copper mirror 35 to replace the ordinary lens, the water circuit designed on the integral reflection copper mirror 35 enhances the heat dissipation capacity of the lens, improves energy utilization, reduces energy waste, and allows for customized light spots, achieving large light spots without the need for a large core diameter laser.

[0040] The specific embodiments of this utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser cladding head, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a collimating lens assembly, a reflecting mirror assembly, a focusing protection assembly, and a focusing assembly. The collimating lens assembly includes an upper collimating lens body and a lower collimating lens body. The upper collimating lens body has an axially oriented collimating lens cooling water channel, through which circulating cooling water flows. A collimating protection mirror is housed within the inner cavity of the upper collimating lens body via a collimating protection drawer, which is detachably connected by bolts. A collimating mirror is housed within the inner cavity of the lower collimating lens body. The lower end of the collimating lens assembly is fixedly connected to the reflecting mirror assembly via bolts and locating pins. The reflecting mirror assembly includes a reflecting mirror housing, which is rectangular in shape. A reflecting mirror mount is located within the reflecting mirror housing. A reflecting mirror cooling water channel, through which circulating cooling water flows, is located within the reflecting mirror mount.

2. The laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the reflector housing includes a first cavity and a second cavity; the first cavity is located below the collimating mirror assembly, and a reflector is disposed in the first cavity through the reflector mount; the reflector is arranged at an angle to the bottom plate of the reflector housing; the reflector mount is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reflector housing.

3. The laser cladding head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second cavity contains an integrating reflective copper mirror; the mirror surface of the integrating reflective copper mirror is arranged parallel to the reflector; the interior of the integrating reflective copper mirror has a hollow structure; cooling water for the copper mirror is circulated inside the integrating reflective copper mirror; the reflector is square in shape.

4. The laser cladding head according to claim 3, characterized in that, The focusing protection assembly includes a focusing protection lens and a focusing protection lens housing; the inner cavity of the focusing protection lens housing is connected to the second cavity, and the focusing protection lens housing is fixedly connected to the reflector housing by bolts; the focusing protection lens is disposed in the inner cavity of the focusing protection lens housing through a focusing protection lens drawer; a focusing protection lens cooling water channel is provided inside the focusing protection lens housing, and the focusing protection lens cooling water channel surrounds the focusing protection lens.

5. The laser cladding head according to claim 4, characterized in that, The focusing assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the focusing protective lens housing via a cladding adjustment block, wherein the central axis of the focusing assembly is aligned with the central axis of the focusing protective lens housing; a focusing lens cooling water channel is provided inside the housing of the focusing assembly; the focusing lens cooling water channel surrounds the focusing lens inside the focusing assembly.

6. The laser cladding head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the focusing component is fixedly connected to a nozzle, and the central axis of the nozzle is aligned with the central axis of the focusing component; sealing rings are provided at the connection points between the collimating lens group, the reflecting mirror group, the focusing protection component, and the focusing component to improve sealing.

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