A roadway roof support structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a roadway roof support technical field especially relates to a kind of tunneling roadway roof support structure, including reinforcing mesh, the lower end surface of the reinforcing mesh is connected with several fixed steel belt, the both sides end surface of the fixed steel belt is all set with moving groove.In the utility model, by the setting of saucer flat tray, a flat and wide bearing surface is provided.Pressure is evenly dispersed to larger area mesh by tray, avoiding stress concentration.Mesh becomes the integral part of "tightening" from "cutting" object, thereby maintaining the integrity of support system, while flat bottom design enables it to realize the maximum degree of adhesion with mesh and rock surface, reducing the gap between support body and surrounding rock.This not only improves the rigidity of initial support, but also reduces the space for air and moisture to accumulate below the tray, thereby slowing down the weathering speed of the key area roof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of roadway roof support technology, and in particular to a roadway roof support structure. Background Technology

[0002] The existing tunnel roof strata are mainly composed of medium- to fine-grained sandstone, which has acceptable overall strength but is brittle. The next layer consists of siltstone and thin layers of mudstone, with the mudstone primarily cemented by argillaceous cement. This lithological combination often presents inherent engineering geological problems, such as the low strength of argillaceous-cemented rocks and their extreme sensitivity to environmental changes. Even more problematic is the presence of a layer of carbonaceous mudstone with uneven thickness (typically 0.1-0.2 meters, locally reaching 0.5-1.5 meters) as a false roof beneath the aforementioned strata. This false roof stratum has extremely low strength, is soft, and has very poor self-stabilizing ability. When exposed during tunnel excavation, the original three-dimensional stress state is disrupted, leading to stress redistribution in the surrounding rock. Simultaneously, the new ventilation environment within the tunnel causes changes in humidity and temperature, triggering severe roof weathering. In particular, the mudstone component softens easily upon contact with water and exhibits significant water absorption and expansion, placing continuous expansion stress on the support system.

[0003] Traditional anchor bolt and steel mesh support structures suffer from high pressure concentration due to continuous deformation of the surrounding rock and expansion stress of mudstone acting on the support plate. This eventually leads to the cutting of the steel mesh, causing the anchor bolts to lose their anchoring function and significantly reduce or even lose their preload. Simultaneously, the failed anchor bolts cannot effectively restrain the rock strata, resulting in delamination between different rock layers within the roof. Under gravity, the mudstone flexes and deforms, compressing the damaged steel mesh and forming "net pockets." These net pockets often occur at the joints between steel mesh sections, which are weak points in the structure, leading to particularly pronounced stress concentration effects and impacting the service life of the support structure. Therefore, this application aims to solve the failure problems of traditional anchor bolt support caused by stress concentration, including mesh cutting, delamination net pockets, and joint damage. A new roof support structure for tunneling is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the problems in traditional anchor bolt support where roof deformation and mudstone expansion stress cause pressure concentration on the support plate, cutting the reinforcing mesh, leading to anchor bolt failure and loss of preload, and subsequently causing roof delamination, mudstone deformation compresses and breaks the mesh, forming mesh pockets, which often occur at weak points in the mesh joints, resulting in significant stress concentration and severely impacting the lifespan of the support structure.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is: a roof support structure for tunneling, including a steel braided mesh, a number of fixed steel strips connected to the lower end face of the steel braided mesh, a movable groove opened on both sides of the fixed steel strip, a number of disc-shaped flat trays connected to the fixed steel strip, and the disc-shaped flat trays on two adjacent fixed steel strips are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0006] Preferably, the movable groove is provided with a movable wheel, and a connecting wheel frame is rotatably connected to the movable wheel, with a fixing strip connected to one side of the connecting wheel frame.

[0007] Preferably, a suction tube is connected to the fixing strip, a suction cup is connected to the input end of the suction tube, a first connecting pipe is connected to the output end of the suction tube, a second connecting pipe is connected to the output end of the first connecting pipe, a suction pump is connected to the output end of the second connecting pipe, and a pump frame is connected to the lower end face of the suction pump.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting strip is connected to the fixing strip, and a meshing tooth is connected to the connecting strip. A combination frame is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting strip, and a drive motor is connected to the lower end face of the combination frame. A meshing wheel is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the teeth of the meshing wheel mesh with the teeth of the meshing tooth.

[0009] Preferably, a fixing plate is connected to the assembly frame, and a guide sleeve is connected to the lower end face of the fixing plate.

[0010] Preferably, a telescopic inner tube is connected to the lower end face of the fixing strip, and a telescopic outer sleeve is slidably connected to the telescopic inner tube.

[0011] Preferably, a second fixing plate is connected to the outer surface of the telescopic inner tube, a push rod is rotatably connected to the second fixing plate, a first fixing plate is rotatably connected to the push rod, a support plate is connected to the first fixing plate, a connector is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the push rod, a hydraulic push rod is connected to the connector, a combination strip is rotatably connected to the hydraulic push rod, and the combination strip is fixedly connected to the telescopic inner tube.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. The use of disc-shaped flat trays provides a flat and wide bearing surface. Pressure is evenly distributed across a larger area of ​​the mesh through the trays, preventing stress concentration. The mesh transforms from a cut object into a compressed integral part, maintaining the integrity of the support system. The flat bottom design allows for maximum contact with the mesh and rock surface, reducing gaps between the support and the surrounding rock. This not only increases the rigidity of the initial support but also reduces the space for air and moisture accumulation under the trays, thus slowing down the weathering rate of the roof in critical areas.

[0014] 2. The hydraulic push rod is extended and retracted to drive the push rod to rotate around the pivot on the second fixed plate. This allows the support plate on the first fixed plate to be supported at the lower end of the steel mesh. When workers are laying the support, the umbrella-shaped structure formed by the push rod and the first fixed plate supports the lower end of the steel mesh, providing active support force. This means that the pressure on the top plate is borne by this mechanical structure, rather than just by the anchor bolts and mesh, which greatly improves safety. At the same time, since this structure provides a supporting force rather than a suspension force, it is easier to control the broken top plate.

[0015] 3. The drive motor rotates the meshing wheel, which in turn moves the assembly frame along the connecting bar. This allows for the positioning and adjustment of the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve design enables operators to simply insert the drill bit directly into the corresponding positioning sleeve to begin drilling. The sleeve physically restricts the drill bit's position, ensuring absolute accuracy in the hole location and reducing the difficulty of drilling operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the disc-shaped flat tray of the tunnel roof support structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the tunnel roof support structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the movable wheel of the tunnel roof support structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the guide sleeve of the tunnel roof support structure of this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 101, steel braided mesh; 102, fixing steel strip; 103, disc-shaped flat tray; 104, moving groove; 201, fixing strip; 202, connecting wheel frame; 203, moving wheel; 204, suction pipe; 205, first connecting pipe; 206, second connecting pipe; 207, suction pump; 208, connecting pump frame; 301, connecting strip; 302, meshing teeth; 303, combination frame; 304, meshing wheel; 305, drive motor; 306, fixing plate; 307, guide sleeve; 401, telescopic inner tube; 402, telescopic outer sleeve; 403, combination strip; 404, hydraulic push rod; 405, connector; 406, push rod; 407, first fixing plate; 408, support plate; 409, second fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] refer to Figure 1 The structure shown is a roof support structure for a tunnel, including a steel braided mesh 101. Several fixed steel strips 102 are connected to the lower end face of the steel braided mesh 101. Movable grooves 104 are opened on both ends face of the fixed steel strips 102. Several disc-shaped flat trays 103 are connected to the fixed steel strips 102. The disc-shaped flat trays 103 on two adjacent fixed steel strips 102 are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0024] The movable slot 104 can be configured as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The rectangular groove shown can also be set in other forms, such as "V" groove or "C" groove, etc.

[0025] During support installation, the mudstone false roof is first cut away during tunnel excavation, depending on the surrounding rock conditions, to reduce floor breaching and maintain the original tunnel cross-section. The tunnel support is then constructed onto stable rock strata, and a flat and wide bearing surface is provided by the placement of dish-shaped flat trays 103. Pressure is evenly distributed across a larger area of ​​the mesh through the trays, preventing stress concentration. The mesh transforms from a cut object into a compressed integral part, maintaining the integrity of the support system. Simultaneously, the flat bottom design allows for maximum contact with the mesh and rock surface, reducing gaps between the support and the surrounding rock. This not only increases the initial support rigidity but also reduces the space for air and moisture accumulation under the trays, thus slowing down the weathering rate of the roof in critical areas.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] Based on the above embodiment 1, in order to address the significant risk of prolonged exposure of the roof slab supported only by two anchor bolts if the next cycle fails to complete the support in time for any reason, the following measures are taken: Figures 2-4 The structure shown;

[0028] Unlike Embodiment 1, a movable wheel 203 is provided in the movable groove 104, and a connecting wheel frame 202 is rotatably connected to the movable wheel 203. A fixing strip 201 is connected to one side of the connecting wheel frame 202.

[0029] Furthermore, a telescopic inner tube 401 is connected to the lower end face of the fixing strip 201, and a telescopic outer sleeve 402 is slidably connected to the telescopic inner tube 401.

[0030] Furthermore, a second fixing plate 409 is connected to the outer surface of the telescopic inner tube 401. A push rod 406 is rotatably connected to the second fixing plate 409. A first fixing plate 407 is rotatably connected to the push rod 406. A support plate 408 is connected to the first fixing plate 407. A connector 405 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the push rod 406. A hydraulic push rod 404 is connected to the connector 405. A combination strip 403 is rotatably connected to the hydraulic push rod 404. The combination strip 403 is fixedly connected to the telescopic inner tube 401.

[0031] The hydraulic push rod 404 extends and retracts, driving the push rod 406 to rotate around the pivot on the second fixed plate 409. This allows the support plate 408 on the first fixed plate 407 to support the lower end of the steel mesh 101. When workers are laying the support, the umbrella-shaped structure formed by the push rod 406 and the first fixed plate 407 supports the lower end of the steel mesh 101, providing active support force. This allows the pressure on the top plate to be borne by this mechanical structure, rather than solely by the anchor bolts and mesh, greatly improving safety. Furthermore, since this structure provides a supporting force rather than a suspension force, it is more conducive to controlling the fracture of the top plate.

[0032] Furthermore, a suction tube 204 is connected to the fixing strip 201, a suction cup is connected to the input end of the suction tube 204, a first connecting tube 205 is connected to the output end of the suction tube 204, a second connecting tube 206 is connected to the output end of the first connecting tube 205, a suction pump 207 is connected to the output end of the second connecting tube 206, and a pump frame 208 is connected to the lower end face of the suction pump 207.

[0033] The suction pump 207 operates to perform suction through the second connecting pipe 206 and the first connecting pipe 205, so that the suction cup on the suction pipe 204 can form a certain negative pressure environment at the moving groove 104 to maintain the stability of the moving wheel 203 when it moves in the moving groove 104.

[0034] Furthermore, a connecting strip 301 is connected to the fixing strip 201, and a meshing tooth 302 is connected to the connecting strip 301. A combination frame 303 is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting strip 301, and a drive motor 305 is connected to the lower end face of the combination frame 303. A meshing wheel 304 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 305, and the teeth of the meshing wheel 304 mesh with the teeth of the meshing tooth 302.

[0035] Among them, the drive motor 305 is generally a stepper motor of model 17HS08-1004S used in conjunction with it;

[0036] The drive motor 305 can drive the meshing wheel 304 to rotate, and through the rotating meshing wheel 304, drive the assembly frame 303 to move along the connecting bar 301, so as to realize the positioning and adjustment of the guide sleeve 307.

[0037] Furthermore, a fixing plate 306 is connected to the assembly frame 303, and a guide sleeve 307 is connected to the lower end face of the fixing plate 306.

[0038] The guide sleeve 307 allows operators to simply insert the drill bit directly into the corresponding positioning sleeve to begin drilling. The sleeve physically restricts the drill bit's position, ensuring absolute accuracy in the hole location and reducing the difficulty of drilling operations.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roof support structure for a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The device includes a steel braided mesh (101), on the lower end face of which are connected several fixed steel strips (102). Movable grooves (104) are provided on both ends of the fixed steel strips (102). Several disc-shaped flat trays (103) are connected to the fixed steel strips (102). The disc-shaped flat trays (103) on two adjacent fixed steel strips (102) are arranged in an alternating manner.

2. The tunnel roof support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable groove (104) is provided with a movable wheel (203), and a connecting wheel frame (202) is rotatably connected to the movable wheel (203). A fixing strip (201) is connected to one side of the connecting wheel frame (202).

3. The tunnel roof support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A suction tube (204) is connected to the fixing strip (201). A suction cup is connected to the input end of the suction tube (204). A first connecting tube (205) is connected to the output end of the suction tube (204). A second connecting tube (206) is connected to the output end of the first connecting tube (205). A suction pump (207) is connected to the output end of the second connecting tube (206). A pump frame (208) is connected to the lower end face of the suction pump (207).

4. The roof support structure for a tunnel excavation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting strip (301) is connected to the fixing strip (201), and a meshing tooth (302) is connected to the connecting strip (301). A combination frame (303) is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting strip (301), and a drive motor (305) is connected to the lower end face of the combination frame (303). A meshing wheel (304) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (305), and the teeth of the meshing wheel (304) mesh with the teeth of the meshing tooth (302).

5. The tunnel roof support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing plate (306) is connected to the assembly frame (303), and a guide sleeve (307) is connected to the lower end face of the fixing plate (306).

6. The roof support structure for a tunnel excavation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A telescopic inner tube (401) is connected to the lower end face of the fixing strip (201), and a telescopic outer sleeve (402) is slidably connected to the telescopic inner tube (401).

7. The tunnel roof support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second fixing plate (409) is connected to the outer surface of the telescopic inner tube (401). A push rod (406) is rotatably connected to the second fixing plate (409). A first fixing plate (407) is rotatably connected to the push rod (406). A support plate (408) is connected to the first fixing plate (407). A connector (405) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the push rod (406). A hydraulic push rod (404) is connected to the connector (405). A combination strip (403) is rotatably connected to the hydraulic push rod (404). The combination strip (403) is fixedly connected to the telescopic inner tube (401).

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