A diversified power supply three-stage marine battery management system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a diversified power supply's three -level marine battery management system, including domain management box and a plurality of battery cluster with domain management box connection, the power supply input of domain management box is connected with external power supply to take electricity from external power supply, every battery cluster all includes high -voltage box with domain management box is connected and a plurality of battery module with high -voltage box connection, every battery module all includes a plurality of battery pack, every battery pack all is provided with slave board, high -voltage box with slave board all take electricity from battery pack. The utility model discloses through the diversified power supply mode of external power supply combination battery pack self -power supply, has reduced the dependence on external power supply, is more favorable to off -grid operation and black start.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of marine battery technology, specifically to a three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most commercial ships rely primarily on heavy fuel oil as fuel, and their electrical systems also depend mainly on the combustion of heavy fuel oil for power. However, the combustion of heavy fuel oil produces pollutants such as aromatic cyclic chemicals and carbon dioxide, which pose significant risks to the environment and human health. Furthermore, heavy fuel oil is viscous and non-volatile, meaning that leaks on ships would severely threaten the marine environment. Considering these factors, and in order to conserve resources, protect the environment, and promote sustainable development, new energy ships are increasingly being widely adopted. For example, ships powered by batteries typically use high-performance batteries, such as lithium-ion or nickel-metal hydride batteries, to provide electricity. Compared to traditional fuel-powered ships, battery-powered ships offer advantages such as zero emissions, low noise, and low energy consumption, making them a more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient type of vessel.

[0003] In existing Level 3 marine battery management systems (BMS), Level 3 BMS typically relies on an external DC 24V power supply. This power supply method is highly dependent on the external power source, has low reliability in off-grid operation scenarios, and is not conducive to achieving black start functionality, making it difficult to meet the high requirements of marine equipment for power supply stability and independence.

[0004] The above shortcomings need to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the problems of existing three-stage marine battery management systems that rely on external power sources, which are not conducive to off-grid operation and black start, this utility model provides a three-stage marine battery management system with diversified power supply.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply includes a domain management box and multiple battery clusters connected to the domain management box. The power input interface of the domain management box is connected to an external power source to draw power from the external power source. Each battery cluster includes a high-voltage box connected to the domain management box and multiple battery modules connected to the high-voltage box. Each battery module includes multiple battery packs connected in series. Each battery pack is equipped with a slave control board. Both the high-voltage box and the slave control board draw power from the battery packs.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a central control board is provided inside the domain management box, and a main control board is provided inside each of the high-voltage boxes, with the central control board connected to all the main control boards;

[0009] In each battery cluster, all the slave control boards are connected to the main control board of the high-voltage box of that battery cluster.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, each of the high-voltage boxes is further provided with a DC-to-DC isolated power supply and an adapter PCB board. The input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply is connected to the output terminal of the battery pack, and the output terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply is connected to the power input interfaces of the main control board and the slave control board respectively through the power supply lines of the adapter PCB board.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the grounding terminal of the DC-to-DC isolation power supply is connected to the protective grounding wire.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the power supply line includes a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface. The first interface is connected to the second interface, the third interface, and the output terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply, respectively. The second interface is also connected to the power supply input interface of the main control board, and the third interface is also connected to the power supply input interface of the slave control board.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the power supply line further includes a fault monitoring relay, the input terminal and output terminal of which are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the first interface, and the control terminal of the fault monitoring relay is connected to the monitoring system.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, each high-voltage box is further provided with a high-voltage starter board for turning on / off the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply. The input terminal of the high-voltage starter board is connected to the power output interface of the domain management box through the fourth interface of the adapter PCB board. The positive terminal of the battery pack is connected to the positive input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply, and the negative terminal of the battery pack is connected to the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply through the on / off terminal of the high-voltage starter board.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the high-voltage starter board includes a solid-state disconnect switch, a fifth interface, and a sixth interface. The input terminal of the solid-state disconnect switch is connected to the fourth interface through the fifth interface, and the on / off terminal of the solid-state disconnect switch is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack and the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply through the sixth interface, respectively.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the main control board is connected and communicates with all the main control boards via a first CAN bus.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the slave control board is connected and communicates with the corresponding master control board via a second CAN bus.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply provided by this utility model ensures that the high-voltage box and slave control board can still draw power from the battery pack to maintain operation in off-grid scenarios by combining external power supply with battery pack self-power supply modes. This ensures that the core monitoring and control functions are not interrupted, provides a basis for black start, and meets the high requirements of marine equipment for power supply stability and independence. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle framework of a three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cluster in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of the high-voltage box and the slave control board drawing power from the battery pack in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram,

[0025] 1. Domain Management Box; 11. Main Control Board; 2. Battery Cluster; 21. High Voltage Box; 211. Main Control Board; 212. DC to DC Isolated Power Supply; 213. Adapter PCB Board; 2131. First Interface; 2132. Second Interface; 2133. Third Interface; 2134. Fault Monitoring Relay; 2135. Fourth Interface; 214. High Voltage Starter Board; 2141. Solid State Disconnect Switch; 2142. Fifth Interface; 2143. Sixth Interface; 22. Battery Module; 221. Battery Pack; 222. Slave Control Board; 3. External Power Supply. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. It is also declared that the embodiments described below are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "installation," "setting," "connection," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly defined. Indications of orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used in the application's product, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying a number of technical features. "A plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This utility model provides a three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply, including a domain management box 1 and multiple battery clusters 2 connected to and controlled by the domain management box 1. The power input interface of the domain management box 1 is connected to an external power source 3 (such as a DC 24V power source) to draw power from the external power source 3. Each battery cluster 2 includes a high-voltage box 21 (PDU, Power Distribution Unit) connected to and controlled by the domain management box 1 and multiple battery modules 22 connected to the high-voltage box 21. Each battery module 22 includes multiple battery packs 221 connected in series / parallel. Each battery pack 221 is equipped with a slave control board 222 (BCU, Battery status information collection Unit). Both the high-voltage box 21 and the slave control board 222 draw power from the battery packs 221.

[0029] In this embodiment, a main control board 11 (BAMU, Battery Area Management Unit) is provided in the domain management box 1, and a main control board 211 (BSMU, Battery System Management Unit) is provided in each high-voltage box 21. The main control board 11 is connected and communicates with all the main control boards 211 through the first CAN bus. In each battery cluster 2, all the slave control boards 222 are connected and communicate with the main control board 211 of the high-voltage box 21 of the battery cluster 2 through the second CAN bus. Each slave control board 222 in the battery module 22 collects data from the battery pack 221 and transmits it to the main control board 211. Each main control board 211 transmits data from the battery module 22 to the main control board 11 and receives and sends instructions from the main control board 11. In addition, the main control board 211 can also connect and communicate with the EMS energy management system and the cloud server, so that the operating status of the battery cluster 2 monitored by the main control board 211 (such as power, fault information, charging and discharging efficiency, etc.) can be transmitted to the ship energy management system and the cloud server in real time. This allows the ship energy management system to optimize energy scheduling strategies based on battery status (such as adjusting propulsion power according to the remaining battery capacity), and the cloud server to realize remote real-time monitoring and historical data traceability, thereby improving the overall coordination of ship energy management.

[0030] The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply in this embodiment uses a combination of external power supply 3 and self-powered battery pack 221 to ensure that in off-grid scenarios (such as when external power supply 3 fails or is disconnected), the high-voltage box 21 and slave control board 222 can still draw power from battery pack 221 to maintain operation, ensuring that the core monitoring and control functions are not interrupted, providing a basis for black start (autonomous system start-up when there is no external power supply 3), and meeting the high requirements of marine equipment for power supply stability and independence.

[0031] Please see Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, each high-voltage box 21 is further provided with a DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212 and an adapter PCB board 213. The input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212 is connected to the output terminal of the battery pack 221. The output terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212 is connected to the power input interfaces of the main control board 211 and the slave control board 222 respectively through the power supply line of the adapter PCB board 213. The grounding terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212 is connected to the protective grounding wire PE.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the core function of the DC-to-DC isolation power supply 212 is to achieve electrical isolation. It converts the high voltage (or unsafe voltage) of the battery pack 221 into a low voltage suitable for the main control board 211 and slave control board 222. Simultaneously, through isolation, it disconnects the direct electrical connection between the high-voltage circuit of the battery pack 221 and the control circuit, preventing high voltage from entering the control circuit and causing equipment damage or electric shock risks to personnel. This is particularly suitable for the safety requirements of marine high-voltage battery systems. The grounding terminal of the DC-to-DC isolation power supply 212 is connected to the protective grounding wire PE, which can conduct leakage current from the equipment casing or wiring to the ground, preventing the casing from becoming live due to insulation failure. This complies with the safety grounding specifications for marine equipment and reduces safety hazards in marine electrical systems. The adapter PCB board 213 integrates the power supply lines, replacing traditional scattered wiring, reducing problems such as poor contact and signal interference caused by messy wiring, improving the integration and reliability of the power supply lines, and reducing the probability of line failures under conditions such as shipboard turbulence.

[0033] For details, please refer to Figure 3 The power supply line includes a first interface 2131, a second interface 2132, and a third interface 2133. The first interface 2131 is connected to the second interface 2132, the third interface 2133, and the output terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212. The second interface 2132 is also connected to the power input interface of the main control board 211, and the third interface 2133 is also connected to the power input interface of the slave control board 222. The first interface 2131 serves as the main input terminal, and through branch connections to the second interface 2132 and the third interface 2133, the power output from the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212 can simultaneously supply power to both the main control board 211 and the slave control board 222. Furthermore, the interface-based design facilitates rapid connection and maintenance of the lines. When the main control board 211 or the slave control board 222 needs to be replaced, it can be done through plug-and-play interfaces, reducing the difficulty of wiring operations in the confined space of the ship and improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0034] For further details, please refer to Figure 3The power supply line may also include a fault monitoring relay 2134. The input and output terminals of the fault monitoring relay 2134 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the first interface 2131, respectively, and the control terminal of the fault monitoring relay 2134 is connected to the monitoring system. When the battery pack 221 is powered normally, the fault monitoring relay 2134 remains normally open due to the lack of a trigger signal, and does not affect the current output. When the battery pack 221 fails (such as output interruption or abnormal voltage), the voltage at the input terminal of the fault monitoring relay 2134 drops sharply, the state switches (such as from normally open to normally closed), and a fault signal is triggered to the monitoring system. This allows the system to identify in real time which battery cluster 2 has experienced a self-powered power supply failure, providing maintenance personnel with accurate fault diagnosis information and shortening fault repair time. In addition, after the monitoring system receives the fault signal from the fault monitoring relay 2134, it can respond immediately (such as cutting off the power supply to the faulty line or triggering an alarm), preventing the fault from spreading to the entire battery cluster 2 or the system, and reducing the risk of battery management failure due to power supply failure.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, each high-voltage box 21 is further provided with a high-voltage starter board 214 for turning on / off the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212. The input terminal of the high-voltage starter board 214 is connected to the power output interface of the domain management box 1 through the fourth interface 2135 of the adapter PCB board 213. The positive terminal of the battery pack 221 is connected to the positive input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212, and the negative terminal of the battery pack 221 is connected to the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212 through the on / off terminal of the high-voltage starter board 214.

[0036] In the above embodiments, since the input terminal of the high-voltage starter board 214 is connected to the power supply output interface of the domain management box 1, it means that the main control board 11 of the domain management box 1 can indirectly manage the power supply start-up and shutdown of each battery cluster 2 by controlling the conduction / shutdown of the high-voltage starter board 214, thereby enhancing the coordination and controllability of the system power supply and enabling more intelligent parallel power-on and power-off management.

[0037] For details, please refer to Figure 3The high-voltage starter board 214 includes a solid-state disconnect switch 2141, a fifth interface 2142, and a sixth interface 2143. The input terminal of the solid-state disconnect switch 2141 is connected to the fourth interface 2135 of the adapter PCB board 213 via the fifth interface 2142, and then connected to the power output interface of the domain management box 1 via the fourth interface 2135. The on / off terminals of the solid-state disconnect switch 2141 are connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack 221 and the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply 212 via the sixth interface 2143, respectively. The solid-state disconnect switch 2141 (like a semiconductor switch) has no mechanical contacts, and compared to traditional mechanical relays, it has a faster on / off response speed (microseconds), which can quickly respond to power outage requirements during sudden faults (such as overcurrent or short circuits), reducing the risk of fault propagation. At the same time, the absence of mechanical wear extends the switch's service life, making it suitable for the harsh environment of long-term vibration and humidity on ships. In addition, the solid-state disconnect switch 2141 can be directly driven by the high-voltage control signal of the domain management box 1 without the need for a complex mechanical drive structure. With the standardized design of the fifth and sixth interfaces 2143, it is easy to quickly integrate the high-voltage starter board 214 with the adapter PCB board 213 and the domain management box 1, reducing the complexity of system wiring and the failure rate.

[0038] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

[0039] The present utility model patent has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation of the present utility model patent is not limited to the above-described manner. Any improvements made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present utility model patent, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present utility model patent to other occasions without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A three-stage marine battery management system with diversified power supply, characterized in that, The device includes a domain management box and multiple battery clusters connected to the domain management box. The power input interface of the domain management box is connected to an external power source to draw power from the external power source. Each battery cluster includes a high-voltage box connected to the domain management box and multiple battery modules connected to the high-voltage box. Each battery module includes multiple battery packs connected in series. Each battery pack is equipped with a slave control board. Both the high-voltage box and the slave control board draw power from the battery packs.

2. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The domain management box is equipped with a central control board, and each high-voltage box is equipped with a main control board. The central control board is connected to all the main control boards. In each battery cluster, all the slave control boards are connected to the main control board of the high-voltage box of that battery cluster.

3. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the high-voltage boxes is also equipped with a DC-to-DC isolated power supply and an adapter PCB board. The input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply is connected to the output terminal of the battery pack, and the output terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply is connected to the power input interfaces of the main control board and the slave control board respectively through the power supply lines of the adapter PCB board.

4. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, The grounding terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply is connected to the protective grounding wire.

5. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply line includes a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface. The first interface is connected to the second interface, the third interface, and the output terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply. The second interface is also connected to the power input interface of the main control board, and the third interface is also connected to the power input interface of the slave control board.

6. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power supply line also includes a fault monitoring relay, the input terminal and output terminal of which are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the first interface, respectively, and the control terminal of which is connected to the monitoring system.

7. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the high-voltage boxes is also equipped with a high-voltage starter board for turning on / off the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply. The input terminal of the high-voltage starter board is connected to the power output interface of the domain management box through the fourth interface of the adapter PCB board. The positive terminal of the battery pack is connected to the positive input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply, and the negative terminal of the battery pack is connected to the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply through the on / off terminal of the high-voltage starter board.

8. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that, The high-voltage starter board includes a solid-state disconnect switch, a fifth interface, and a sixth interface. The input terminal of the solid-state disconnect switch is connected to the fourth interface through the fifth interface, and the on / off terminal of the solid-state disconnect switch is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack and the negative input terminal of the DC-to-DC isolated power supply through the sixth interface.

9. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main control board communicates with all the main control boards via the first CAN bus.

10. The three-level marine battery management system with diversified power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slave control board communicates with the corresponding master control board via a second CAN bus.

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