Vacuum distillation apparatus for ammonia catalyst purification

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of vacuum distillation device for ammonia catalyst purification, comprising: distillation column, preheater being connected with the liquid inlet of distillation column by pipeline, condensing system being connected with the exhaust port of distillation column by pipeline, receiver being connected with the liquid outlet of condensing system by pipeline, cold trap tank being communicated with the gas outlet of the upper portion of receiver by pipeline, vacuum drying box being communicated with the top of cold trap tank by pipeline, and vacuum pump being communicated with the upper portion of cold trap tank by pipeline;Through the condensing system being connected with the exhaust port of distillation column, ammonia catalyst vapor generated by evaporation is effectively condensed into liquid, and is collected by receiver, cold trap tank being arranged at the gas outlet of receiver, further captures and condenses low-boiling-point component or small amount of ammonia catalyst vapor that is not completely condensed in condensing system, vacuum pump is arranged to make the whole system operate under reduced pressure, which is conducive to distillation at lower temperature, reduces the influence of high temperature on material, and improves the purification effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vacuum distillation technology, specifically to a vacuum distillation apparatus for the purification of ammonia catalysts. Background Technology

[0002] Catalysts play a crucial role in chemical reactions. However, as the production process progresses, catalysts inevitably become deactivated due to factors such as carbon buildup, metal deposition, sulfur poisoning, and nitrogen poisoning, leading to a decrease in catalytic activity and impacting production efficiency.

[0003] To reduce production costs and minimize environmental pollution, the purification, recycling, or regeneration of these deactivated spent catalysts has become a crucial issue in the industry. Existing purification technologies for spent catalysts are diverse, including high-temperature roasting, acid-base leaching, and solvent extraction. These spent catalysts have complex compositions, potentially containing adsorbed hydrocarbons, sulfides, nitrides, and metallic impurities in addition to the active components and support. Existing purification methods struggle to effectively remove these complex impurities simultaneously, resulting in incomplete purification and impacting the performance of the regenerated catalyst. Existing distillation equipment is typically simple in structure and cannot fully utilize the operational advantages of vacuum distillation, leading to inadequate separation of volatile components from non-volatile impurities. Furthermore, solvent vapors generated during distillation often cannot be effectively condensed and recovered, resulting in the loss of some valuable solvents, causing waste and environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a vacuum distillation apparatus for the purification of ammonia catalysts, which solves the problem of low purification efficiency caused by the inability to effectively condense and recover vapors during the distillation process of ammonia catalyst purification.

[0005] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides a vacuum distillation device for purifying ammonia catalyst, comprising: a distillation column, a preheater connected to the liquid inlet of the distillation column via a pipeline, a condensation system connected to the exhaust port of the distillation column via a pipeline, a receiver connected to the liquid outlet of the condensation system via a pipeline, a cold trap tank connected to the gas outlet at the top of the receiver via a pipeline, a vacuum drying box connected to the top of the cold trap tank via a pipeline, and a vacuum pump connected to the top of the cold trap tank via a pipeline.

[0006] The above scheme effectively condenses the ammonia catalyst vapor generated during evaporation into liquid by connecting the condensation system to the exhaust port of the distillation tower, which is then collected by the receiver, thereby improving the recovery rate of the ammonia catalyst. The cold trap tank set at the outlet of the receiver further captures and condenses low-boiling-point components or a small amount of ammonia catalyst vapor that have not been completely condensed in the condensation system, reducing material loss. The connection between the vacuum pump and the cold trap tank allows the entire system to operate under reduced pressure, which lowers the boiling point of the ammonia catalyst, facilitating distillation at lower temperatures, reducing the impact of high temperatures on the material, and improving the purification effect.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the distillation column includes: a rotating shaft, a rotating motor connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft, a rotating cylinder sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, a turntable fixed to the bottom of the rotating cylinder, a fixing plate fixed to the through groove of the rotating cylinder, and a detachable heat source embedded on the outside of the fixing plate. The fixing plate has multiple circular holes through it. Through the above scheme, the rotating cylinder and the turntable can make the liquid in the column form a thin film or droplets, which increases the contact area between the liquid phase and the gas phase and significantly improves the mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, the detachable heat source embedded on the outside of the fixing plate allows the heating method to be selected according to the material characteristics and process requirements. Furthermore, when the column contains solution, maintenance and replacement can be performed without draining the solution.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this utility model, the outer side of the aforementioned fixing plate is provided with a wedge-shaped groove for nesting and engaging with a detachable heat source. Through this design, the wedge-shaped groove provides a clear installation and positioning structure for the detachable heat source. During installation, the operator only needs to align the heat source with the wedge-shaped groove, utilizing the guiding effect of the wedge, to easily and quickly embed the heat source into the fixing plate, eliminating the need for complex alignment and adjustment steps, greatly shortening installation time and improving work efficiency. Furthermore, the wedge-shaped groove design is versatile, allowing for nesting and engaging with detachable heat sources of different specifications and models.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this utility model, the above-mentioned condensation system adopts a three-stage series structure, with the three-stage condensers connected sequentially by pipes. Through the above scheme, the three-stage series condensation structure allows the gas to be further cooled when passing through each stage of the condenser. The first-stage condenser first cools the high-temperature gas initially, causing some of the easily condensable solvent gas to liquefy. The second-stage condenser continues to lower the gas temperature based on the first stage, condensing more solvent. The third-stage condenser then performs deep condensation on the remaining solvent gas, ultimately maximizing the condensation and recovery of solvent in the gas, significantly improving the solvent recovery rate.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall of the cold trap tank is provided with a cooling plate. Through the above scheme, the cooling plate can quickly reduce the temperature of the outer wall of the cold trap tank, thereby rapidly reducing the temperature of the environment inside the tank. In the vacuum distillation process of ammonia catalyst purification, the gas discharged from the receiver may still contain a small amount of uncondensed solvent vapor. After these solvent vapors enter the cold trap tank, they can be quickly condensed into liquid under the low temperature environment of the cooling plate, which greatly improves the solvent recovery rate and reduces solvent loss.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum pump is a rotary vane pump. Through the above scheme, the rotary vane pump has a high pumping speed, which can quickly reduce the pressure in the system in a short time. Its ultimate vacuum degree is high, which can effectively remove gases and volatile impurities in the system, ensure that components such as the distillation tower and condensation system operate stably under low vacuum degree during the ammonia catalyst purification process, and improve separation efficiency and purification quality.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this utility model, the receiver is provided with a filter layer, a molecular sieve adsorption layer, and an activated carbon layer from top to bottom. Through the above scheme, the filter layer, the molecular sieve adsorption layer, and the activated carbon layer form a multi-stage purification system. The filter layer initially filters large particulate impurities, the molecular sieve adsorption layer removes specific gaseous impurities, and the activated carbon layer deeply adsorbs trace impurities, ensuring that the gas entering the receiver is thoroughly and deeply purified. Through this multi-stage purification method, impurities in the gas can be removed to the greatest extent, thereby improving the purity of the ammonia catalyst product.

[0013] The technical advantages of this application are as follows:

[0014] This application provides a vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalysts. By connecting a condensation system to the exhaust port of the distillation column, the ammonia catalyst vapor generated during evaporation is effectively condensed into liquid and collected by a receiver, thereby improving the recovery rate of the ammonia catalyst. A cold trap tank located at the outlet of the receiver further captures and condenses low-boiling-point components or small amounts of ammonia catalyst vapor that were not completely condensed in the condensation system, reducing material loss. The connection between the vacuum pump and the cold trap tank allows the entire system to operate under reduced pressure, lowering the boiling point of the ammonia catalyst and facilitating distillation at lower temperatures. This reduces the impact of high temperatures on the material and improves the purification effect. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalysts provided by this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalysts provided by this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a distillation column in a vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalysts, provided by this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This utility model provides Figure 3 A magnified view of the details at point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of a vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalyst provided by this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0021] 1. Preheater; 2. Distillation column; 201. Rotary motor; 202. Fixed plate; 203. Rotating shaft; 204. Rotary drum; 205. Turntable; 206. Detachable heat source; 3. Condensation system; 4. Receiver; 5. Cold trap tank; 501. Refrigeration element; 6. Vacuum drying oven; 7. Vacuum pump. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1-5 The embodiments of the technical solution of this application are described in detail below. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application more clearly, and are therefore only examples and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] Reference Figures 1-4 This utility model provides a vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalyst, comprising: a distillation column 2, a preheater 1 connected to the liquid inlet of the distillation column 2 via a pipe, a condensation system 3 connected to the exhaust port of the distillation column 2 via a pipe, a receiver 4 connected to the liquid outlet of the condensation system 3 via a pipe, a cold trap tank 5 connected to the gas outlet at the top of the receiver 4 via a pipe, a vacuum drying box 6 connected to the top of the cold trap tank 5 via a pipe, and a vacuum pump 7 connected to the top of the cold trap tank 5 via a pipe.

[0025] Through the above scheme, the condensation system 3 connected to the exhaust port of distillation column 2 effectively condenses the ammonia catalyst vapor generated by evaporation into liquid, which is then collected by receiver 4, thereby improving the recovery rate of ammonia catalyst. The cold trap tank 5 set at the exhaust port of receiver 4 further captures and condenses low-boiling-point components or a small amount of ammonia catalyst vapor that have not been completely condensed in the condensation system 3, reducing material loss. The connection between vacuum pump 7 and cold trap tank 5 allows the entire system to operate under reduced pressure, which lowers the boiling point of ammonia catalyst, facilitates distillation at lower temperatures, reduces the impact of high temperature on materials, and improves the purification effect.

[0026] The distillation column 2 described above includes: a rotating shaft 203, a rotating motor 201 connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft 203, a rotating cylinder 204 sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 203, a rotating disk 205 fixed to the bottom of the rotating cylinder 204, a fixing plate 202 fixed to the through groove of the rotating cylinder 204, and a detachable heat source 206 embedded on the outside of the fixing plate 202. The fixing plate 202 has multiple through holes. Through the above scheme, the rotating cylinder 204 and the rotating disk 205 can make the liquid in the column form a thin film or droplets, which increases the contact area between the liquid phase and the gas phase and significantly improves the mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, the detachable heat source 206 embedded on the outside of the fixing plate 202 allows the heating method to be selected according to the material characteristics and process requirements. Furthermore, when the column contains solution, maintenance and replacement can be performed without draining the solution.

[0027] The outer side of the aforementioned fixing plate 202 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove that nests with the detachable heat source 206. This design provides a clear mounting and positioning structure for the detachable heat source 206. During installation, the operator only needs to align the heat source with the wedge-shaped groove, utilizing the guiding effect of the wedge, to easily and quickly embed the heat source into the fixing plate 202. No complex alignment and adjustment steps are required, significantly shortening installation time and improving work efficiency. Furthermore, the wedge-shaped groove design is versatile, allowing nesting with detachable heat sources 206 of different specifications and models.

[0028] The aforementioned condensation system 3 adopts a three-stage series structure, with the three condensers connected sequentially via pipes. Through this scheme, the three-stage series condensation structure allows the gas to be further cooled as it passes through each condenser. The first-stage condenser initially cools the high-temperature gas, liquefying some of the easily condensable solvent gas. The second-stage condenser further reduces the gas temperature based on the first stage, condensing more solvent. The third-stage condenser then performs deep condensation on the remaining solvent gas, ultimately maximizing the condensation and recovery of solvent from the gas, significantly improving the solvent recovery rate.

[0029] The cold trap tank 5 is equipped with a cooling plate 501 on its outer wall. Through this design, the cooling plate 501 can rapidly reduce the temperature of the outer wall of the cold trap tank 5, thereby quickly lowering the temperature of the environment inside the tank. During the vacuum distillation process for ammonia catalyst purification, the gas discharged from the receiver 4 may still contain a small amount of uncondensed solvent vapor. After entering the cold trap tank 5, this solvent vapor can be rapidly condensed into liquid under the low-temperature environment of the cooling plate, improving the solvent recovery rate and reducing solvent loss. Compared to traditional cold trap tanks 5 that rely solely on natural cooling or a single cooling medium, the cold trap tank equipped with the cooling plate 501 has a faster cooling speed and better cooling effect. Traditional methods require a long time to reach a sufficiently low temperature inside the tank to condense the solvent vapor, while the cooling plate can achieve efficient condensation in a short time, making the entire purification process more efficient.

[0030] The aforementioned vacuum pump 7 is a rotary vane pump. Through the above scheme, the rotary vane pump has a high pumping speed, which can quickly reduce the pressure in the system in a short time. Its ultimate vacuum degree is high, which can effectively remove gases and volatile impurities in the system, ensuring that components such as distillation tower 2 and condensation system 3 operate stably under low vacuum during the ammonia catalyst purification process, thereby improving separation efficiency and purification quality.

[0031] Working principle:

[0032] The ammonia catalyst solution to be purified is first preheated by preheater 1, and then enters the inlet of distillation column 2 through a heat source pipe. Inside distillation column 2, the material is heated by a detachable heat source 206. A rotary motor 201 drives a rotating shaft 203 to rotate a rotating drum 204 and a rotating disk 205, causing the liquid inside the column to form a thin film or droplets, which significantly increases the contact area between the liquid and gas phases. Due to the action of the vacuum pump 7, the pressure inside distillation column 2 is reduced, and the ammonia catalyst can evaporate at a lower temperature.

[0033] The ammonia catalyst vapor produced by evaporation enters the condensation system 3 from the exhaust port of distillation column 2. The condensation system adopts a three-stage series structure, effectively condensing the ammonia catalyst vapor into liquid through stage-by-stage cooling. The condensed liquid enters the receiver 4 for collection. The gas discharged from receiver 4 contains a small amount of incompletely condensed ammonia catalyst vapor or low-boiling-point components and enters the cold trap tank 5.

[0034] The outer wall of the cold trap tank 5 is equipped with cooling fins, which can rapidly reduce the internal temperature. Under low-temperature conditions, the residual ammonia catalyst vapor and low-boiling-point components in the gas further condense into liquid and are captured in the cold trap tank 5. The vacuum pump 7 is connected to the cold trap tank 5 to continuously extract gas from the system, maintaining the entire device in a depressurized state. The liquid in the receiver 4 and the cold trap tank 5 is discharged from the drain port at the bottom of the tank into the ammonia catalyst storage tank.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] See attached document Figure 5 Based on the above embodiment 1, this utility model also provides another embodiment of a vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalysts. The receiver 4 is provided with a filter layer, a molecular sieve adsorption layer, and an activated carbon layer from top to bottom. Through the above scheme, the filter layer, the molecular sieve adsorption layer, and the activated carbon layer form a multi-stage purification system. The filter layer initially filters large particulate impurities, the molecular sieve adsorption layer removes specific gaseous impurities, and the activated carbon layer deeply adsorbs trace impurities, ensuring that the gas entering the receiver 4 is thoroughly and deeply purified. Through this multi-stage purification method, impurities in the gas can be removed to the greatest extent, thereby improving the purity of the purified ammonia catalyst product.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalysts, characterized in that, include: Distillation column (2), preheater (1) connected to the inlet of distillation column (2) via a pipe, condensation system (3) connected to the exhaust port of distillation column (2) via a pipe, receiver (4) connected to the drain port of condensation system (3) via a pipe, cold trap tank (5) connected to the exhaust port of the upper part of receiver (4) via a pipe, vacuum drying box (6) connected to the top of cold trap tank (5) via a pipe, and vacuum pump (7) connected to the upper part of cold trap tank (5) via a pipe.

2. The vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distillation column (2) includes: a rotating shaft (203), a rotating motor (201) connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft (203), a rotating cylinder (204) sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (203), a turntable (205) fixed to the bottom of the rotating cylinder (204), a fixing plate (202) fixed to the through groove of the rotating cylinder (204), and a detachable heat source (206) embedded on the outside of the fixing plate (202). The fixing plate (202) has multiple round holes through it.

3. The vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the fixing plate (202) is provided with a wedge-shaped groove that is nested and cooperates with the detachable heat source (206).

4. The vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation system (3) adopts a three-stage series structure, with the three-stage condensers connected in sequence through pipes.

5. The vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the cold trap (5) is provided with cooling plates (501).

6. The vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum pump (7) is a rotary vane pump.

7. The vacuum distillation apparatus for purifying ammonia catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiver (4) is provided with a filter layer, a molecular sieve adsorption layer and an activated carbon layer from top to bottom.

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