An engine cylinder head and an electronic injection system thereof

Abstract

This utility model discloses an engine cylinder head and its electronic fuel injection system, including a cylinder head body. The cylinder head body has an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold, and a connecting surface for connection and mating with the engine block. The cylinder head body has a fuel jet channel communicating with the intake manifold. A cylinder head fuel jet clearance groove is provided on the inner wall of the intake manifold near the inner end of the fuel jet channel. An intake valve is installed on the cylinder head body, with its valve head installed in an intake valve seat hole. An intake pipe is installed on the cylinder head body on one side of the intake manifold. An injector seat is provided on the intake pipe, and an injector mounting hole communicating with the fuel jet channel is provided on the injector seat. An injector is installed in the injector mounting hole, and the linear distance between the injector nozzle and the center of the valve head is 70mm to 110mm. By precisely defining the position and mating relationship between the components, the overall performance of the engine is maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of engine technology, specifically relating to an engine cylinder head and its electronic fuel injection system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in many engines, fuel adhering to the combustion chamber walls cannot participate in combustion in a timely manner, causing the actual air-fuel mixture ratio entering the combustion chamber to deviate from the design value. This not only reduces the engine's power output efficiency but also wastes fuel, significantly increasing fuel consumption. Incompletely atomized fuel is prone to producing incomplete combustion products (such as hydrocarbons and particulate matter) during combustion, resulting in excessive levels of pollutants in engine emissions, making it difficult to meet emission standards. In low-temperature environments, fuel adhering to the combustion chamber walls is even more difficult to evaporate and atomize, directly affecting the engine's cold start performance and causing problems such as difficulty in cold starting and unstable idling speed after starting.

[0003] The engine fuel supply system is a key technology for improving engine performance, reducing fuel consumption, and minimizing pollutant emissions. Within the fuel supply system, the installation position of the fuel injectors, the injection angle, and their relative positions to the intake valves, intake manifold, and cylinder head directly determine the fuel atomization effect, the quality of the air-fuel mixture, and ultimately, the combustion efficiency.

[0004] While some existing technologies improve atomization by altering the structure of the fuel injector itself (such as multi-hole fuel injectors), they fail to fundamentally solve the problems caused by the unreasonable systematic layout. Therefore, a solution is needed that optimizes the integrated structure of the fuel injector, cylinder head, and intake manifold. By precisely defining the positions and fits between components, the aforementioned defects can be avoided, maximizing the overall performance of the engine. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, this utility model provides an engine cylinder head and its electronic fuel injection system.

[0006] The technical solution is as follows: An engine cylinder head includes a cylinder head body, on which an intake passage, an exhaust passage, and a connecting surface for connection and mating with the engine block are provided. The key point is that the cylinder head body is provided with an oil jet channel communicating with the intake passage, and an oil jet avoidance groove is provided on the inner wall of the intake passage near its inner end. With this structure, the oil jet avoidance groove provides initial clearance space for the oil jet during subsequent injection, preventing premature contact between the oil jet and the cylinder head wall. The precise positioning of the intake and exhaust passages provides a benchmark for accurate calibration of the injection direction, fundamentally avoiding problems such as oil jet deviation and obstruction.

[0007] Preferably, the cylinder head oil jet avoidance groove extends inward from the intake end of the intake manifold to the inner end of the oil jet channel. This cylinder head oil jet avoidance groove is a slanted channel with a semi-elliptical cross-section. This structure ensures smooth fuel injection and thorough mixing of fuel and air. The location of the cylinder head oil jet avoidance groove, extending inward from the intake end of the intake manifold to the inner end of the oil jet channel, avoids occupying the main flow space of the intake manifold while adapting to the trajectory of the intake airflow. The slanted avoidance groove with a semi-elliptical cross-section, adapted to the intake airflow direction, effectively reduces the flow resistance of the oil jet within the channel, while also reducing the probability of collision between the oil jet and the channel wall, further reducing the occurrence of wet wall phenomena.

[0008] Preferably, the outlet end of the intake duct is provided with an intake valve seat hole, and the fuel jet channel and the intake valve seat hole are arranged opposite each other. This structure creates a complete and smooth fuel jet transmission path, physically preventing the fuel jet from colliding and scratching any component wall surface, thus reducing wet wall phenomenon at its source. The continuous, interference-free channel maintains the kinetic energy and morphological integrity of the fuel jet, providing a crucial structural guarantee for the full atomization and uniform mixing of fuel.

[0009] Preferably, the angle between the center line of the oil jet channel and the connecting surface is 35° to 45°. With this structure, the optimized and calibrated 35° to 45° tilt angle allows the oil jet to precisely adapt to the routing of the clearance groove channel, while also providing reasonable space for thorough mixing of the oil jet and air, thus improving the atomization effect.

[0010] An engine electronic fuel injection system, the key features of which are: including the aforementioned engine cylinder head, an intake valve mounted on the cylinder head body, the valve head of the intake valve being installed in an intake valve seat hole, an intake pipe mounted on the cylinder head body on one side of the intake passage, an injector seat provided on the intake pipe, an injector mounting hole provided on the injector seat communicating with the fuel jet passage, an injector mounted in the injector mounting hole, and the linear distance between the injector nozzle and the center of the valve head being 70mm to 110mm. The above structure achieves an integrated design of the cylinder head, intake manifold, and injector housing, forming a complete fuel supply and transmission system. The injector mounting holes on the injector housing provide a stable mounting platform for the injector, ensuring that the injector is fixed in position under engine vibration conditions and guaranteeing the stability of the injection process. The distance of 70mm to 110mm provides sufficient atomization and dispersion space for the fuel jet, allowing the fuel to be fully atomized. At the same time, it also controls the diffusion range of the fuel jet and reduces the phenomenon of wet walls.

[0011] Preferably, a heat insulation pad is installed between the cylinder head body and the intake manifold, and the heat insulation pad has a heat insulation pad oil jet avoidance groove that connects with the cylinder head fuel jet avoidance groove. With this structure, the heat insulation pad effectively blocks the high temperature of the cylinder head body from being conducted to the intake manifold and injector seat, preventing premature vaporization of fuel in the intake manifold and the resulting vapor lock, while also protecting the sealing ring from high-temperature aging. The cylinder head fuel jet avoidance groove on the cylinder head body connects with the heat insulation pad's heat insulation pad oil jet avoidance groove, creating an intermediate transition channel for the fuel jet from the injector outlet to the inside of the cylinder head body. The grooved design avoids obstruction of the fuel jet, ensuring that the fuel jet remains intact during transmission without localized obstruction.

[0012] Preferably, a heat insulation pad sealing ring groove is provided on the side of the heat insulation pad that is in close contact with the cylinder head body, and a sealing ring is installed in the heat insulation pad sealing ring groove.

[0013] The injector seat is mounted on the intake pipe connected to the intake duct. An intake pipe sealing ring groove is formed on the side of the intake pipe adjacent to the heat insulation pad, and an injector seat sealing ring groove is formed on the side of the injector seat adjacent to the heat insulation pad. A sealing ring is installed in both the intake pipe sealing ring groove and the injector seat sealing ring groove. With this structure, the sealing rings form a double sealing barrier, compensating for manufacturing tolerances and thermal deformation differences in the parts, ensuring the sealing reliability of the system under high temperature and high pressure environments, and maintaining stable intake pressure.

[0014] Preferably, the intake manifold seat is detachably connected to the cylinder head body via three fastening bolts. An injector seat is mounted on the intake manifold, and the injector is obliquely mounted on the injector seat via at least two fastening bolts. The angle between the injector's injection centerline and the connecting surface is 35°–45°. This structure, with at least two fastening bolts, securely fixes the injector to the injector seat, and the detachable design facilitates future maintenance and replacement. The optimized 35°–45° oblique mounting angle allows the fuel jet to precisely align with the clearance channel, while also providing sufficient space for thorough mixing of the fuel jet and air, thus improving atomization.

[0015] Preferably, an installation and maintenance clearance is provided between the injector and the cylinder head body on the side closest to the cylinder head body. With this structure, the reserved installation and maintenance clearance provides physical space for tool access and operation, allowing the injector to be disassembled, replaced, or maintained without dismantling large surrounding components, improving maintenance convenience and reducing downtime.

[0016] Preferably, the centerline of the fuel injector's jet trajectory lands on a circular area with a diameter of 6mm, centered on the valve head. This structure, with its defined 6mm diameter landing area, ensures precise fuel jet injection into the high-speed turbulent zone near the intake valve. Utilizing the maximum kinetic energy of the intake airflow assists in secondary fuel atomization and rapid mixing with air, significantly improving mixture uniformity. This is a core design feature for improving combustion efficiency and reducing emissions.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: it does not merely improve a single component, but rather performs a global and coordinated mechanical optimization of the integrated structure of the injector, cylinder head, and intake manifold. Through the aforementioned series of specific structural features and dimensional constraints, the precision, smoothness, and efficiency of the fuel injection process are physically ensured, effectively solving core problems such as severe wall wetting and poor atomization. This significantly improves engine power output, fuel economy, cold start performance, and emissions levels, demonstrating outstanding practicality and significant progress. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder head body.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along AA;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The front view;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along BB;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the P-ring;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the intake manifold and injector housing;

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Sectional view along CC;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation pad. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an engine cylinder head includes a cylinder head body 1, on which an intake passage 9 and an exhaust passage 18 are provided, and a connecting surface 19 for connecting and cooperating with the engine cylinder block is provided. The cylinder head body 1 is provided with an oil jet channel 13 communicating with the intake passage 9, and a cylinder head oil jet clearance groove 6a is provided on the inner side wall of the intake passage 9 near the inner end of the oil jet channel 13.

[0030] The cylinder head oil jet clearance groove 6a extends inward from the intake end of the intake passage 9 to the inner end of the oil jet channel 13. The cylinder head oil jet clearance groove 6a is an oblique channel with a semi-elliptical cross-section.

[0031] The air intake duct 9 has an air intake valve seat hole 20 at its outlet end, and the oil jet channel 13 and the air intake valve seat hole 20 are positioned opposite each other.

[0032] The angle between the center line of the oil jet channel 13 and the connecting surface 19 is 35° to 45°.

[0033] The cylinder head body 1 serves as the foundation and load-bearing component of the entire structure. It contains a combustion chamber, intake and exhaust passages, and valve train mechanisms such as intake valve 14. The heat insulation pad 8 is clamped between the intake pipe 2 and the flange face of the cylinder head body 1. The injector 4 has an injector nozzle 5 installed near one end of the cylinder head body. The straight-line distance between the injector nozzle 5 and the valve head 17 on the cylinder head body 1 is 70mm to 110mm.

[0034] The cylinder head body 1 has a flat flange connection surface machined on its intake side for assembly with the intake pipe 2. A cylinder head fuel jet clearance groove 6a is precisely machined on this flange surface and on the inner wall of the mounting cavity leading to the intake valve 14. The axis of the cylinder head fuel jet clearance groove 6a coincides with the designed fuel injection centerline. It provides a mixing passage for fuel vapor and air, and guides the mixture into the combustion chamber. The internal cylinder head fuel jet clearance groove 6a is the final passage ensuring smooth fuel jet passage, preventing the fuel jet from impacting the cylinder wall before entering the cylinder.

[0035] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, an engine electronic fuel injection system includes the aforementioned engine cylinder head. An intake valve 14 is mounted on the cylinder head body 1, and the valve head 17 of the intake valve 14 is installed in the intake valve seat hole 20. An intake pipe 2 is mounted on the cylinder head body 1 on one side of the intake passage 9. An injector seat 10 is provided on the intake pipe 2, and an injector mounting hole 3 is provided on the injector seat 10. An injector 4 is installed in the injector mounting hole 3, and the linear distance between the injector nozzle 5 of the injector 4 and the center of the valve head 17 is 70mm to 110mm.

[0036] The cylinder head body 1 is securely connected to the intake pipe 2 via a flange and multiple fastening bolts to ensure sealing and rigidity. The intake pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the intake side of the cylinder head body 1, and an injector seat 10 is provided above the intake pipe 2. The injector seat 10 has a pre-installed mounting hole 3, in which an injector 4 is installed. An injector seat sealing ring groove 11c is machined on the end face that mates with the cylinder head body 1.

[0037] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the injector 4 is fixed to the mounting hole 3 of the mounting base 10 by at least two fastening bolts. This connection method is stable and easy to install and remove. The injector 4 is installed such that its injection centerline forms an angle of 35° to 45° with the cylinder head plane of the cylinder head body 1. Sufficient installation and maintenance clearance 7 is reserved between the injector nozzle 5 at the front end of the injector 4 and the mounting cavity wall of the cylinder head body 1 to facilitate subsequent individual maintenance and management of the injector 4.

[0038] Fuel is ejected from the injector 5 under high pressure, forming a cone-shaped fuel jet. A specific installation angle ensures that the direction of the fuel jet is aligned with the channel formed by the clearance grooves 6.

[0039] like Figure 10As shown, the heat insulation pad 8 has a through hole coaxial with the mounting hole 3, and the inner wall of the through hole is also machined with a heat insulation pad oil jet clearance groove 6b. The heat insulation pad oil jet clearance groove 6b on the heat insulation pad 8 is an intermediate component of the oil jet channel 13. On its end face facing the cylinder head body 1, a heat insulation pad sealing ring groove 11a is machined. The sealing ring 12 is installed in the heat insulation pad sealing ring groove 11a of the heat insulation pad 8, located between the heat insulation pad 8 and the high-temperature cylinder head body 1, and must be made of high-temperature resistant material. An intake pipe sealing ring groove 11b is opened on the side of the intake pipe 2 that is close to the heat insulation pad 8, and an injector seat sealing ring groove 11c is opened on the side of the injector seat 10 that is close to the heat insulation pad 8. A sealing ring 12 is installed together in the intake pipe sealing ring groove 11b and the injector seat sealing ring groove 11c, located between the intake pipe 2, the injector seat 10 and the heat insulation pad 8. Under the bolt tightening force, elastic deformation occurs, filling the microscopic unevenness and gaps in the parts, forming two independent sealing barriers to ensure the sealing of the intake pipe 2 and the mounting seat 10, and maintain normal intake pressure. Physically, it blocks the heat conduction path, protecting the intake pipe 2 and the injector 4 from overheating, and ensuring that the fuel does not vaporize prematurely due to high temperature in the intake pipe.

[0040] The inner wall of the through hole of the heat insulation pad 8 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the cylinder head body 1 are both provided with relief grooves 6 that extend coaxially with the injection center line of the injector 4; the heat insulation pad oil jet relief groove 6b on the heat insulation pad 8 and the cylinder head oil jet relief groove 6a on the cylinder head body 1 are sequentially connected, and the relief grooves 6 of the two are coaxially arranged, and the port edges of adjacent relief grooves are aligned without misalignment or obstruction. The inner wall of the injector seat 10, the inner wall of the through hole of the heat insulation pad 8 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the cylinder head 1 together form a continuous and interference-free oil jet channel from the injector 4 outlet to the valve head 17 inside the cylinder head 1.

[0041] The injector 4 is securely mounted on the injector seat 10 at a specific angle. The oil jet first enters the inner wall of the injector seat 10. Then, the oil jet passes through the heat insulation pad oil jet clearance groove 6b in the center of the heat insulation pad 8. This component effectively blocks the high temperature conduction of the cylinder head body 1, while its double-sided sealing rings 12 ensure the airtightness of the system. The oil jet then passes through the cylinder head oil jet clearance groove 6a inside the cylinder head body 1, which is precisely aligned with it. This continuous and interference-free oil jet channel 13 ensures that the oil jet maintains its shape and kinetic energy during transmission. Abundant fuel; ultimately, the fuel jet is precisely guided to the high-speed turbulent region on the back of the intake valve 14, utilizing the enormous kinetic energy of the intake airflow to achieve ultimate fuel atomization and instantaneous uniform mixing with air. The centerline of the fuel jet ejected by the injector 5 lands on the end face of the intake valve 14 in a circular area with a diameter of 6mm centered on the center of the valve head 17. At this time, the wet wall area of ​​the wet wall region 16 accounts for ≤10%, thus systematically solving the wet wall problem and significantly improving the engine's power, economy, and emission levels.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the present utility model, can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and claims of the present utility model, and such modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An engine cylinder head, comprising a cylinder head body (1), wherein an intake passage (9) and an exhaust passage (18) and a connecting surface (19) for connecting and engaging with an engine cylinder block are provided on the cylinder head body (1), characterized in that: The cylinder head body (1) is provided with an oil jet channel (13) that communicates with the air intake (9), and an oil jet clearance groove (6a) is provided on the inner side wall of the air intake (9) near the inner end of the oil jet channel (13).

2. The engine cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder head oil jet clearance groove (6a) extends inward from the intake end of the intake port (9) to the inner end of the oil jet channel (13). The cylinder head oil jet clearance groove (6a) is an oblique channel with a semi-elliptical cross-section.

3. An engine cylinder head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outlet end of the air intake (9) is provided with an air intake valve seat hole (20), and the oil jet channel (13) and the air intake valve seat hole (20) are arranged opposite each other.

4. An engine cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle between the center line of the oil jet channel (13) and the connecting surface (19) is 35° to 45°.

5. An engine electronic fuel injection system, characterized in that: The engine cylinder head includes any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an intake valve (14) is installed on the cylinder head body (1), the valve head (17) of the intake valve (14) is installed in the intake valve seat hole (20), an intake pipe (2) is installed on the cylinder head body (1) on the side of the intake passage (9), an injector seat (10) is provided on the intake pipe (2), an injector mounting hole (3) communicating with the oil jet passage (13) is provided on the injector seat (10), an injector (4) is installed in the injector mounting hole (3), and the straight distance between the injector nozzle (5) of the injector (4) and the center of the valve head (17) is 70mm to 110mm.

6. An engine electronic fuel injection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A heat insulation pad (8) is installed between the cylinder head body (1) and the intake pipe (2), and the heat insulation pad (8) has a heat insulation pad oil jet clearance groove (6b) that is connected to the cylinder head oil jet clearance groove (6a).

7. An engine electronic fuel injection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heat insulation pad sealing ring groove (11a) is provided on the side of the heat insulation pad (8) that is in close contact with the cylinder head body (1), and a sealing ring (12) is installed in the heat insulation pad sealing ring groove (11a); The injector seat (10) is disposed on the intake pipe (2) which communicates with the intake passage (9). The intake pipe (2) has an intake pipe sealing ring groove (11b) on the side that is close to the heat insulation pad (8). The injector seat (10) has an injector seat sealing ring groove (11c) on the side that is close to the heat insulation pad (8). A sealing ring (12) is installed together in the intake pipe sealing ring groove (11b) and the injector seat sealing ring groove (11c).

8. An engine electronic fuel injection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intake pipe (2) is detachably connected to the cylinder head body (1) by three fastening bolts. An injector seat (10) is provided on the intake pipe (2). The injector (4) is obliquely installed on the injector seat (10) by at least two fastening bolts. The angle between the injection center line of the injector and the connecting surface is 35° to 45°.

9. An engine electronic fuel injection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The injector (4) has a reserved installation and maintenance gap (7) between the side of the injector (4) near the cylinder head body (1) and the cylinder head body (1).

10. An engine electronic fuel injection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The point where the center line of the fuel jet of the fuel injector (5) lands on the end face of the valve head (17) is located within a circular area with a diameter of 6 mm centered on the center of the valve head (17).

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