A vortex tube based wellhead freeze protection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mine air inlet anti -icing, specifically disclose a kind of wellhead anti -icing device based on vortex tube, including the air compressor for air compression and the gas storage tank of compressed air storage, the air compressor is communicated between gas storage tank, one end of the gas storage tank is provided with gas pipeline, one end of the gas pipeline is connected with shunt component, for distributing compressed air, the bottom of the shunt component is provided with vortex tube group, for separating cold and hot air;The vortex tube group includes one or more vortex tubes, and the multiple vortex tubes are arranged in parallel, and the vortex tube includes a sleeve ring.The utility model separates compressed air into cold and hot two air streams using vortex tube, without additional heating or refrigeration equipment, just rely on air compressor to provide compressed air, can simultaneously realize wellhead anti -icing and temperature regulation of underground equipment room, greatly reduce energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wellhead antifreeze technology, specifically a wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube. Background Technology

[0002] In the high-altitude, frigid regions of North China, Northeast China, and Northwest my country, winter temperatures often drop below 0°C. At the entrances of mine adits and inclined shafts, when cold winds enter, they come into contact with moisture and humid air inside the shaft, causing ice to form on the shaft walls and the ground at the entrance. This poses a serious threat to the safety of vehicles and personnel entering and exiting the mine, making ground frost prevention a crucial aspect of safe production in mines during winter.

[0003] According to the "Safety Regulations for Metal and Non-metal Mines," to ensure mining production safety, the air intake temperature at the entrance of each ventilation adit must be ≥2℃. Given the long and severe winters in mining areas, the mine intake air must be heated and protected against freezing. Furthermore, in accordance with the "Design Code for Coal Industry Mines," each intake shaft must be equipped with a shaft opening anti-freezing device to heat the incoming air. Common hot air anti-freezing equipment includes coal-fired boilers, gas-fired boilers, electric boilers, or electric hot air blowers.

[0004] However, existing hot air antifreeze equipment has many drawbacks. Coal-fired boilers have high energy consumption, pose safety hazards, and pollute the environment; gas-fired boilers rely on gas pipelines, which are not feasible in many remote mountain mines, and even if they are, huge costs are required for pipeline laying and equipment replacement; electric boilers have enormous power, requiring the expansion of transformers in mining areas, resulting in high costs for equipment and infrastructure.

[0005] As an energy separation device without moving parts, the vortex tube can separate high-pressure gas into two streams of cold and hot air. The hot end temperature can reach over 100°C. It has been used in local cooling or heating scenarios, but there is currently no publicly available solution for its application in mine wellhead heating. Based on this, this application provides a wellhead antifreeze device based on the vortex tube. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a wellhead antifreeze device based on vortex tubes, which solves the problems of high energy consumption, high cost, and environmental pollution associated with existing hot air antifreeze equipment such as coal-fired boilers, gas-fired boilers, and electric boilers.

[0007] The present invention relates to a wellhead antifreeze device based on vortex tubes, comprising an air compressor for compressing air and an air storage tank for storing compressed air. The air compressor and the air storage tank are connected. An air delivery pipe is provided at one end of the air storage tank. A flow distribution component is connected at one end of the air delivery pipe for distributing compressed air. A vortex tube assembly is provided at the bottom of the flow distribution component for separating hot and cold air. The vortex tube assembly includes one or more vortex tubes, which are arranged in parallel. Each vortex tube includes a collar, with an air inlet nozzle at the top and a vortex chamber at the bottom for separating compressed air. The vortex chamber has air outlets at both ends, namely hot air outlet and cold air outlet. The air outlets are all funnel-shaped and are equipped with cold air flow regulating valves and hot air flow regulating valves to control the air flow rate. Both ends of the outer side of the vortex chamber are provided with connection areas, and are respectively connected to heat pipes and cold pipes. One end of the heat pipe and the cold pipe are respectively connected to the wellhead and the downhole equipment chamber, which are used to achieve wellhead antifreeze and equipment insulation.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, a fixing ring and a positioning ring are respectively provided on the inner side of the hot air outlet and the cold air outlet. A rotating handle is provided on the inner side of both the fixing ring and the positioning ring for adjusting the opening degree of the cold air flow regulating valve and the hot air flow regulating valve.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, a fixing block is provided at one end of each rotating handle, and one or more insertion holes are arranged in a circular array on the outer side of each fixing block.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, both the heat pipe and the cold pipe include a pipe body, an insulation layer is provided on the inner side of the pipe body, a connecting flange is provided at one end of the pipe body, and a sleeve is connected to one end of the connecting flange. The sleeve is adapted to the connection areas at both ends of the vortex chamber.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, a rotating ring is provided on the outer side of the sleeve, and one or more through holes are opened on the outer side of the rotating ring, and a pressing and limiting member is installed thereon, one end of the pressing and limiting member being adapted to the insertion hole of the fixing block.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, a jet nozzle is provided at one end of the tube body, and a dispersion fin is provided on the inner side of the jet nozzle for splitting the hot and cold air.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the wellhead includes a body, a protective sleeve is provided on the inner side of the body, a flow guiding slope is provided on the inner side of the protective sleeve near the bottom, and a baffle is provided on the outer side of the flow guiding slope for guiding condensate.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, one or more water outlets inclined at a preset angle are provided on the outer side of the guide slope to guide the outflow of condensate.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, the top of the protective sleeve is provided with a slot, the top of the slot is provided with a retaining ring, and the retaining ring is provided with a flange at the corresponding position of the slot for fixing the retaining ring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention utilizes a vortex tube to separate compressed air into two streams, one hot and one cold. Without the need for additional heating or cooling equipment, it relies solely on the compressed air supplied by an air compressor to simultaneously achieve wellhead antifreeze and temperature regulation of the downhole equipment room, significantly reducing energy consumption. Compared to traditional hot air antifreeze equipment, it reduces reliance on large amounts of electricity or fuel, improving energy efficiency. Furthermore, the polyurethane foam insulation layer inside the hot and cold pipes effectively reduces heat loss during transport, ensuring that more energy is delivered to the wellhead and downhole equipment room, further enhancing energy utilization efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a side view of the vortex tube structure of this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA section; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vortex tube of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the vortex tube structure of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a top view of the vortex tube structure of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex tube assembly structure of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a front view schematic diagram of the heat pipe structure of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the side and front view structure of the tube body of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the heat pipe, cold pipe and vortex tube of this utility model; Figure 11 This is a top view of the nozzle structure of this utility model; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the wellhead of this utility model; Figure 13This is a front view schematic diagram of the wellhead structure of this utility model; Figure 14 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB section; Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wellhead of this utility model from another angle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Air compressor; 2. Air storage tank; 3. Air pipeline; 4. Diverter assembly; 5. Vortex tube assembly; 6. Heat pipe; 7. Cold pipe; 8. Wellhead; 51. Collar; 52. Inlet nozzle; 53. Fixing block; 54. Cold airflow regulating valve; 55. Fixing ring; 56. Rotating handle; 57. Vortex chamber; 58. Air outlet; 59. Connection area; 510. Positioning ring; 511. Hot airflow regulating valve; 61. Pipe body; 62. Injection port; 63. Connecting flange; 64. Press-to-limit component; 65. Sleeve; 66. Rotating ring; 67. Dispersing fins; 81. Protective sleeve; 82. Slot; 83. Snap ring; 84. Outlet; 85. Flange; 86. Guide slope. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following illustrations will reveal several embodiments of the present invention. For clarity, many physical details will be described in the following description. However, it should be understood that these physical details should not be used to limit the present invention. That is, in some embodiments of the present invention, these physical details are not essential. Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, some conventional structures and components will be shown in a simple schematic manner in the illustrations.

[0020] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-10 The wellhead antifreeze device based on vortex tube technology provided in this application includes an air compressor 1 for air compression and an air storage tank 2 for storing compressed air. The air compressor 1 and the air storage tank 2 are connected. An air delivery pipe 3 is provided at one end of the air storage tank 2. A flow distribution component 4 is connected at one end of the air delivery pipe 3 for distributing compressed air. A vortex tube group 5 is provided at the bottom of the flow distribution component 4 for separating hot and cold air. The vortex tube assembly 5 includes one or more vortex tubes, which are arranged in parallel. Each vortex tube includes a collar 51, with an air inlet nozzle 52 at the top and a vortex chamber 57 at the bottom for separating compressed air. The two ends of the vortex chamber 57 are respectively provided with air outlets 58, which are hot air outlets and cold air outlets. The air outlets 58 are all funnel-shaped and are respectively provided with cold air flow regulating valves 54 and hot air flow regulating valves 511 to control the air outlet rate. Both ends of the outer side of the vortex chamber 57 are provided with connection areas 59, which are respectively connected to heat pipe 6 and cold pipe 7. One end of heat pipe 6 and cold pipe 7 are respectively connected to wellhead 8 and downhole equipment chamber, which are used to achieve wellhead 8 antifreeze and equipment insulation.

[0022] This embodiment provides a wellhead antifreeze device based on vortex tube technology, aiming to solve the problem of ice formation at the wellhead 8 in metal mines in cold northern regions during winter and to meet the needs of intake air heating and antifreeze. It overcomes the problems of high energy consumption, high cost, and environmental pollution associated with existing hot air antifreeze equipment. Specifically, it includes an air compressor 1 for air compression and an air storage tank 2 for storing compressed air. The air compressor 1 can be a commonly available screw air compressor, which is typically used in mines and has advantages such as simple structure, stable operation, and high efficiency. The air inlet of the air compressor 1 is connected to the outside atmosphere, allowing for continuous intake and compression of air. During operation, the motor drives the screw to rotate, compressing the air within the sealed space between the screws, gradually increasing the pressure.

[0023] Air compressor 1 and air tank 2 are connected by a pipeline, which can be equipped with a check valve to prevent compressed air backflow. The check valve adopts a conventional spring-loaded structure. When the compressed air pressure output by air compressor 1 is greater than the pressure inside air tank 2, the valve opens, and compressed air flows into air tank 2; when the pressure inside air tank 2 is higher than the output pressure of air compressor 1, the valve closes. Air tank 2 is a cylindrical tank made of high-strength steel and can withstand a certain pressure. Its function is to store the compressed air from air compressor 1, stabilize the air pressure, and ensure that downstream devices can continuously and stably obtain compressed air.

[0024] An air supply pipeline 3 is installed at one end of the air storage tank 2. The air supply pipeline 3 is made of seamless steel pipe, which has good pressure resistance and sealing performance. A pressure gauge and a safety valve are installed on the air supply pipeline 3. The pressure gauge is used to monitor the air pressure in the pipeline in real time, so that operators can understand the pressure of the compressed air. The safety valve automatically opens when the pressure in the pipeline exceeds the set value, releasing part of the compressed air to ensure the safety of the pipeline and downstream devices.

[0025] One end of the gas pipeline 3 is connected to a flow divider assembly 4, which mainly consists of a flow divider and multiple valves. The flow divider is a cavity with multiple outlets, and its function is to evenly distribute the compressed air delivered from the gas storage tank 2 to each outlet. Valves are installed at each outlet, and ball valves can be selected. The opening and closing of the valve is controlled by rotating the ball, thereby adjusting the compressed air flow rate at each outlet. The operator can control the compressed air distribution of different vortex tubes according to actual needs by adjusting the valve opening.

[0026] The bottom of the flow splitter assembly 4 is equipped with a vortex tube group 5 for separating hot and cold air. The vortex tube group 5 includes one or more vortex tubes. In this embodiment, three groups of parallel vortex tubes (five tubes in each group, arranged in a matrix) are used as an example. The parallel arrangement of multiple vortex tubes can increase the amount of hot and cold air separated and improve the overall efficiency of the device.

[0027] Each vortex tube includes a collar 51, which is a metal ring that serves to fix the intake nozzle 52 and the vortex chamber 57. The intake nozzle 52 is located at the top of the collar 51 and is constricted in shape, made of stainless steel. When compressed air passes through the intake nozzle 52, the air velocity increases and the pressure decreases due to the constriction of the nozzle, thus allowing it to enter the vortex chamber 57 at a higher speed.

[0028] A vortex chamber 57 is provided at the bottom of the air intake nozzle 52. The vortex chamber 57 is a cylindrical cavity. When high-speed compressed air enters the vortex chamber 57, it will form a strong vortex flow inside the chamber. Due to the centrifugal effect of the vortex flow, air molecules will separate. The higher temperature molecules will gather in the outer layer of the vortex chamber 57, while the lower temperature molecules will gather in the inner layer.

[0029] The vortex chamber 57 has air outlets 58 at both ends, serving as hot air outlets and cold air outlets respectively. Both outlets 58 are funnel-shaped, allowing air to gradually diffuse as it flows out, reducing resistance. Inside each outlet 58 are a cold airflow regulating valve 54 and a hot airflow regulating valve 511 to control the airflow rate. Operators can adjust the flow rates of the cold and hot airflows according to the actual needs of the wellhead 8 and the downhole equipment room.

[0030] Both ends of the outer side of the vortex chamber 57 are provided with connection areas 59, which are respectively connected to heat pipes 6 and cold pipes 7. Both heat pipes 6 and cold pipes 7 are metal pipes with good thermal conductivity. Heat pipe 6 is used to transport hot air, and cold pipe 7 is used to transport cold air. Heat pipe 6 connects to the wellhead 8, delivering the hot air separated from the vortex tube to the wellhead 8, increasing the temperature of the wellhead 8 and preventing icing. Cold pipe 7 connects to the downhole equipment room, delivering cold air to the downhole equipment room, providing a suitable operating temperature for equipment requiring a low-temperature environment, and achieving equipment insulation.

[0031] During actual operation, air compressor 1 continuously draws in and compresses outside air, and the compressed air is stored in air tank 2. When antifreeze treatment is required for wellhead 8, the valve on the air supply pipeline 3 is opened, and compressed air enters the distribution assembly 4 through the air supply pipeline 3. The distribution assembly 4 evenly distributes the compressed air to the inlet nozzles 52 of each vortex tube. The compressed air enters the vortex chamber 57 at high speed through the inlet nozzles 52, where it is separated into hot and cold air streams. The outlet rates of the hot and cold air are controlled by adjusting the cold air flow regulating valve 54 and the hot air flow regulating valve 511. Hot air is delivered to wellhead 8 through heat pipe 6 to increase the temperature of wellhead 8 and achieve antifreeze treatment; cold air is delivered to the downhole equipment room through cold pipe 7 to provide a suitable operating temperature for the equipment and achieve equipment insulation.

[0032] By utilizing the properties of vortex tubes to separate hot and cold air, the problem of ice formation at the entrance of metal mines during winter has been effectively solved. At the same time, it provides a suitable working temperature for underground equipment and avoids the drawbacks of existing hot air antifreeze equipment, such as high energy consumption, high cost, and environmental pollution.

[0033] Please see Figures 2-10 A fixing ring 55 and a positioning ring 510 are respectively provided on the inner side of the hot air outlet and the cold air outlet. A rotating handle 56 is provided on the inner side of both the fixing ring 55 and the positioning ring 510 to adjust the opening degree of the cold air flow regulating valve 54 and the hot air flow regulating valve 511.

[0034] Each end of the rotating handle 56 is provided with a fixing block 53, and the outer side of the fixing block 53 is provided with one or more insertion holes arranged in a ring array.

[0035] Both the heat pipe 6 and the cold pipe 7 include a pipe body 61. An insulation layer is provided on the inner side of the pipe body 61. A connecting flange 63 is provided at one end of the pipe body 61. A sleeve 65 is connected to one end of the connecting flange 63. The sleeve 65 is adapted to the connection areas 59 at both ends of the vortex chamber 57.

[0036] A rotating ring 66 is provided on the outer side of the sleeve 65. One or more through holes are provided on the outer side of the rotating ring 66, and a pressing limit member 64 is installed thereon. One end of the pressing limit member 64 is adapted to the insertion hole of the fixing block 53.

[0037] One end of the tube body 61 is provided with a jet nozzle 62, and the inner side of the jet nozzle 62 is provided with a dispersion fin 67 for splitting hot and cold air.

[0038] In the antifreeze device for metal mine wellhead 8 based on vortex tube technology, a fixing ring 55 and a positioning ring 510 are respectively provided on the inner side of the hot air outlet and the cold air outlet. The fixing ring 55 and the positioning ring 510 are both ring structures made of metal. They are fixed to the inner side wall of the hot air outlet and the cold air outlet respectively by welding, and play a supporting and positioning role.

[0039] Both the fixed ring 55 and the positioning ring 510 have a rotating handle 56 on their inner sides. The rotating handle 56 is a rod-shaped structure made of high-strength aluminum alloy to ensure it is not easily damaged under frequent operation. The function of the rotating handle 56 is to adjust the opening degree of the cold air flow regulating valve 54 and the hot air flow regulating valve 511. When the operator manually rotates the rotating handle 56, the rotating handle 56 will drive the valve body connected to it to rotate, thereby using a threaded connection to allow the valve body to disengage from the hot air outlet and the cold air outlet, thus adjusting the air outlet gap between the hot air outlet and the cold air outlet, and achieving precise control of the air outlet rate.

[0040] Each end of the rotating handle 56 is provided with a fixing block 53, which is connected to the rotating handle 56 by threads to ensure a stable connection. One or more insertion holes are arranged in a circular array on the outer side of the fixing block 53. The insertion holes are circular holes used to cooperate with the pressing limit member 64 to lock the position of the rotating handle 56.

[0041] Both the heat pipe 6 and the cold pipe 7 include a pipe body 61, which is a metal pipe made of carbon steel to ensure good strength and corrosion resistance. The inner side of the pipe body 61 is provided with an insulation layer made of polyurethane foam material, which has good insulation performance and can effectively reduce heat loss of hot and cold air during transportation.

[0042] A connecting flange 63 is provided at one end of the pipe body 61. The connecting flange 63 is a circular disc structure and is connected to the pipe body 61 by welding. The connecting flange 63 has multiple bolt holes for mating with corresponding bolt holes on the sleeve 65 to achieve the connection between the pipe body 61 and the sleeve 65. The sleeve 65 is a metal pipe sleeve whose inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the pipe body 61. Bolts are passed through the bolt holes on the connecting flange 63 and the sleeve 65, and nuts are tightened to achieve a firm connection between the sleeve 65 and the pipe body 61.

[0043] The sleeve 65 is adapted to the connection areas 59 at both ends of the vortex chamber 57. The inner wall of the sleeve 65 is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the connection areas 59 at both ends of the vortex chamber 57 to ensure the sealing of the connection and prevent compressed air leakage. A rotating ring 66 is provided on the outer side of the sleeve 65. The rotating ring 66 is annular in structure, fitted on the outer side of the sleeve 65, and can rotate freely around the sleeve 65. One or more through holes are provided on the outer side of the rotating ring 66. The through holes are circular holes for installing the pressing limit member 64.

[0044] The pressing limiter 64 includes a pressing head, a spring, and a pin. The pressing head is located outside the rotating ring 66 for easy pressing by the operator. The spring is located between the pressing head and the pin. One end of the pin is adapted to the insertion hole of the fixing block 53. When it is necessary to adjust the rotating handle 56, the pressing head is pressed, and the pin is engaged with the insertion hole of the fixing block 53. At this time, rotating the rotating ring 66 can control the rotation of the fixing block 53, allowing the fixing block 53 to rotate freely. When the appropriate position is reached, the pressing head is released, the spring returns to its original state, and the pin retracts under the action of the spring, limiting the position of the rotating handle 56, thereby fixing the opening degree of the cold airflow regulating valve 54 and the hot airflow regulating valve 511.

[0045] One end of the pipe body 61 is provided with a jet nozzle 62, which has a trumpet-shaped structure and is made of the same material as the pipe body 61. Dispersing fins 67 are provided on the inner side of each jet nozzle 62. The dispersing fins 67 are plate-shaped and arranged radially on the inner side of the jet nozzle 62. The function of the dispersing fins 67 is to split the hot and cold air, allowing the hot and cold air to be sprayed more evenly onto the wellhead 8 and the downhole equipment room. When hot or cold air enters the jet nozzle 62 through the pipe body 61, the dispersing fins 67 divide the airflow into multiple smaller air streams, increasing the coverage area of ​​the airflow and improving the antifreeze effect of the wellhead 8 and the insulation effect of the equipment.

[0046] During the entire operation of the device, when it is necessary to adjust the outlet rate of hot and cold air, the operator first presses the pressing limit piece 64 on the outside of the rotating ring 66 to disengage the pin from the insertion hole of the fixing block 53. Then, the operator rotates the rotating handle 56 to rotate the valve plates of the cold airflow regulating valve 54 and the hot airflow regulating valve 511. After adjusting to the appropriate opening degree, the operator releases the pressing limit piece 64, and the pin inserts into the corresponding insertion hole, locking the position of the rotating handle 56. The compressed air is separated into two airflows, hot and cold, in the vortex chamber 57 and then transported through the heat pipe 6 and cold pipe 7 respectively. During the transport process, the insulation layer on the inner side of the pipe body 61 reduces heat loss. When the hot and cold air reach the injection port 62, the dispersion fins 67 divide the airflow and spray it evenly onto the wellhead 8 and the downhole equipment chamber, achieving the functions of antifreeze of the wellhead 8 and insulation of the equipment.

[0047] Through the above improvements to the hot air outlet and cold air outlet adjustment structure, the heat pipe 6 and cold pipe 7 structure, and the jet nozzle 62 structure, the performance and ease of operation of the antifreeze device for the metal mine wellhead 8 based on vortex tube technology have been further improved, enabling it to better meet the actual needs of antifreeze for the metal mine wellhead 8 and insulation of underground equipment.

[0048] Please see Figures 1-15 The wellhead 8 includes a body, and a protective sleeve 81 is provided on the inner side of the body. A guide slope 86 is provided on the inner side of the protective sleeve 81 near the bottom. A baffle is provided on the outer side of the guide slope 86 for guiding the condensate.

[0049] One or more outlets 84, inclined at a preset angle, are provided on the outer side of the guide slope 86 to guide the outflow of condensate.

[0050] The top of the protective sleeve 81 is provided with a slot 82, the top of the slot 82 is provided with a retaining ring 83, and the retaining ring 83 is provided with a flange 85 corresponding to the slot 82 for fixing the retaining ring 83.

[0051] Wellhead 8 includes the body, which is usually made of reinforced concrete or metal materials and has a certain strength and stability, and can withstand the pressure around wellhead 8 and the influence of the external environment.

[0052] The inner side of the main body is provided with a protective sleeve 81. The protective sleeve 81 is made of materials such as rubber or plastic that have a certain degree of flexibility and corrosion resistance. The function of the protective sleeve 81 is to protect the main body of the wellhead 8 and prevent the inner wall of the wellhead 8 from being eroded by compressed air, moisture, etc. At the same time, it can also play a certain buffering role and reduce the impact of external impacts on the wellhead 8.

[0053] A flow guide slope 86 is provided on the inner side of the protective sleeve 81 near the bottom. The flow guide slope 86 is an inclined planar structure, and its inclination angle is designed according to the actual situation, generally between 10° and 30°. When the hot air delivered by the heat pipe 6 enters the wellhead 8, the water vapor in the hot air may condense on the inner wall of the protective sleeve 81 upon encountering the cold air. The function of the flow guide slope 86 is to guide this condensate to flow in a specific direction.

[0054] A baffle is provided on the outside of the guide slope 86. The baffle is set perpendicular to the guide slope 86 and is tightly connected to the inner wall of the protective sleeve 81. Its function is to prevent the condensate from flowing freely and to make the condensate flow along the guide slope 86 to the outlet 84, thereby achieving effective guidance of the condensate.

[0055] One or more outlets 84 are provided on the outer side of the guide slope 86 at a preset angle. The outlets 84 are circular or square holes. The preset angle is generally adapted to the inclination angle of the guide slope 86 to ensure that the condensate can flow out smoothly. In this embodiment, three outlets 84 are provided as an example. The three outlets 84 are distributed at equal intervals on the outer side of the guide slope 86. The outlets 84 are connected to drainage pipes. The drainage pipes guide the condensate to the drainage system outside the mine, so as to avoid the accumulation of condensate at the wellhead 8 and affect the normal use and safety of the wellhead 8.

[0056] The top of the protective sleeve 81 is provided with a slot 82, which is an annular groove. Its width and depth are designed according to the size of the retaining ring 83. The function of the slot 82 is to provide an installation position for the retaining ring 83, ensuring that the retaining ring 83 can be accurately fixed on the top of the protective sleeve 81.

[0057] A retaining ring 83 is provided at the top of the retaining groove 82. The retaining ring 83 is a ring-shaped structure made of metal or plastic. A flange 85 is provided at the corresponding position of the retaining ring 83 and the retaining groove 82. The flange 85 is a ring-shaped protrusion whose size is adapted to the retaining groove 82. When installing the retaining ring 83, align the flange 85 on the retaining ring 83 with the retaining groove 82, and then press the retaining ring 83 firmly to make the flange 85 embed into the retaining groove 82, thereby fixing the retaining ring 83. The function of the retaining ring 83 is to further strengthen the connection between the protective sleeve 81 and the wellhead 8 body, and to prevent the protective sleeve 81 from shifting or falling off during use.

[0058] During operation, heat pipe 6 delivers the hot air separated by the vortex tube to wellhead 8. The hot air exchanges heat with the surrounding environment inside wellhead 8, and the water vapor in it condenses on the inner wall of the protective sleeve 81. Under the influence of gravity, the condensate flows along the guide slope 86, is blocked by a baffle, and can only flow along the guide slope 86 towards the outlet 84. The condensate is discharged from wellhead 8 through the outlet 84 and the drainage pipe. Simultaneously, the retaining ring 83, through the engagement of the flange 85 and the retaining groove 82, is firmly fixed to the top of the protective sleeve 81, ensuring the stability of the protective sleeve 81 and enabling it to continuously and effectively protect the wellhead 8.

[0059] By setting up the above-mentioned wellhead 8 structure, the problem of condensation water generated by hot air inside the wellhead 8 is effectively solved. At the same time, the connection between the protective sleeve 81 and the wellhead 8 body is strengthened, improving the safety and reliability of the wellhead 8 and further improving the overall performance of the antifreeze device for metal mine wellhead 8 based on vortex tube technology.

[0060] In the above embodiments, the baffle can prevent the overflow of condensate. When hot air encounters cold air, condensate may accumulate on the outside of the baffle. Based on this, the material of the baffle can be selected as a water-absorbing material, such as diatomaceous earth, and only one side is condensate. Therefore, when condensate accumulates on one side of the baffle, it can be absorbed by the water-absorbing material, and then dried by the drying impact of hot air, which can meet the needs of use.

[0061] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A wellhead antifreeze device based on vortex tubes, comprising an air compressor (1) for compressing air and an air storage tank (2) for storing compressed air, wherein the air compressor (1) and the air storage tank (2) are connected, an air delivery pipe (3) is provided at one end of the air storage tank (2), a flow distribution assembly (4) is connected at one end of the air delivery pipe (3) for distributing compressed air, and a vortex tube assembly (5) is provided at the bottom of the flow distribution assembly (4) for separating hot and cold air; characterized in that: The vortex tube assembly (5) includes one or more vortex tubes, and the multiple vortex tubes are arranged in parallel. The vortex tube includes a collar (51), and an air inlet nozzle (52) is provided at the top of the collar (51). A vortex chamber (57) is provided at the bottom of the air inlet nozzle (52) for the separation of compressed air. The two ends of the vortex chamber (57) are respectively provided with air outlets (58), which are hot air outlets and cold air outlets respectively. The air outlets (58) are all funnel-shaped and are respectively provided with cold air flow regulating valves (54) and hot air flow regulating valves (511) to control the air flow rate. The outer ends of the vortex chamber (57) are provided with connection areas (59), and are respectively connected to heat pipes (6) and cold pipes (7). One end of the heat pipes (6) and cold pipes (7) are respectively connected to the wellhead (8) and the downhole equipment room, so as to realize the freezing of the wellhead (8) and the insulation of the equipment.

2. The wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sides of the hot air outlet and the cold air outlet are respectively provided with a fixing ring (55) and a positioning ring (510). The inner sides of the fixing ring (55) and the positioning ring (510) are each provided with a rotating handle (56) for adjusting the opening degree of the cold air flow regulating valve (54) and the hot air flow regulating valve (511).

3. A wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of each rotating handle (56) is provided with a fixing block (53), and the outer side of each fixing block (53) is provided with one or more insertion holes arranged in a ring array.

4. A wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the heat pipe (6) and the cold pipe (7) include a pipe body (61). The inner side of the pipe body (61) is provided with a heat insulation layer. One end of the pipe body (61) is provided with a connecting flange (63). One end of the connecting flange (63) is connected to a sleeve (65). The sleeve (65) is adapted to the connection areas (59) at both ends of the vortex chamber (57).

5. A wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the sleeve (65) is provided with a rotating ring (66), and the outer side of the rotating ring (66) is provided with one or more through holes, and a pressing limit member (64) is installed thereon. One end of the pressing limit member (64) is adapted to the insertion hole of the fixing block (53).

6. A wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the tube (61) is provided with a jet port (62), and the inner side of the jet port (62) is provided with a dispersion fin (67) for splitting hot and cold air.

7. A wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wellhead (8) includes a body, and a protective sleeve (81) is provided on the inner side of the body. A flow guide slope (86) is provided on the inner side of the protective sleeve (81) near the bottom. A baffle is provided on the outer side of the flow guide slope (86) for guiding the condensate.

8. A wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: One or more outlets (84) are provided on the outer side of the guide slope (86) at a preset angle to guide the outflow of condensate.

9. A wellhead antifreeze device based on a vortex tube according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the protective sleeve (81) is provided with a slot (82), and the top of the slot (82) is provided with a retaining ring (83). The retaining ring (83) is provided with a flange (85) corresponding to the slot (82) for fixing the retaining ring (83).

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