A fixing tool for spare tire frame vibration fatigue test

Abstract

The application discloses a fixing tool for spare tire frame vibration fatigue test, a bottom plate is arranged at intervals along the vehicle width direction; a vertical plate is arranged on the bottom plate; longitudinal beams are respectively fixedly arranged on corresponding vertical plates, the notches of the two longitudinal beams are opposite, and the notch length direction is consistent with the vehicle length direction; cross beams are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the notch width direction of the longitudinal beam and are arranged at intervals along the notch length direction of the longitudinal beam; a connecting block is arranged between the two longitudinal beams, the two ends of the connecting block are fixedly connected with the top of the adjacent cross beam; a lifting assembly is fixedly arranged on the connecting block, the working end of the lifting assembly faces the side where the bottom plate is located, and is fixedly connected with the connecting part of the spare tire. In the application, the continuity of the load transmission path is realized by connecting the connecting block with the top of the cross beam. The working end of the lifting assembly is fixedly connected with the connecting part of the spare tire to form a dynamic force application point, the multidirectional load working condition of the spare tire frame in the whole vehicle vibration process can be accurately simulated, and the service state of the spare tire frame on the whole vehicle can be effectively restored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vibration fatigue auxiliary tooling technology, and in particular to a fixing tooling for vibration fatigue testing of spare tire racks. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of achieving lightweighting in the heavy-duty truck industry, most models use a center-mounted spare tire carrier to secure the spare tire. To verify the failure rate of the center-mounted spare tire carrier, it is usually necessary to conduct simulation experiments on it under the service condition of the entire vehicle.

[0003] In existing technologies, multibody dynamics simulation combined with a whole vehicle model is typically used to analyze the dynamic response of the spare tire carrier under conditions such as acceleration, braking, and cornering, verifying its coordination with the suspension system and vehicle body. Virtual road surface models (such as cobblestone roads or Belgian roads) are used to simulate random vibrations during actual driving and predict fatigue life after long-term service. During experiments, the centrally mounted spare tire carrier is usually fixed to a vibration platform fixture. However, due to the large size of actual vehicle frames and the limitations of the laboratory environment, existing fixtures cannot accurately reproduce the service state of the centrally mounted spare tire carrier during vehicle service, leading to inaccurate experimental data.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fixture for vibration fatigue testing of spare tire racks to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire carrier, aiming to realize the service status of a centrally located spare tire carrier during the service of the vehicle.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire carrier includes two base plates, two upright plates, two longitudinal beams, multiple crossbeams, a connecting block, and a lifting assembly. The two base plates are spaced apart along the vehicle width direction. The two upright plates are respectively fixedly mounted on their respective base plates. The two grooved longitudinal beams are respectively fixedly mounted on their respective upright plates, with their groove openings facing each other and their groove length direction aligned with the vehicle length direction. The multiple crossbeams are fixedly mounted on both sides of the longitudinal beams along their groove width direction and spaced apart along the groove length direction. The connecting block is positioned between the two longitudinal beams, with both ends of the connecting block connected to the top of the adjacent crossbeam. The lifting assembly is fixedly mounted on the connecting block, with its working end facing the side of the base plate and fixedly connected to the connecting part of the spare tire.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting block has an overall Z-shaped structure, with both ends of the connecting block fixedly connected to the groove wall on the side of the corresponding longitudinal beam away from the base plate, and a through hole for installing the lifting assembly is provided in the middle of the connecting block.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a lifting screw, two limiting plates, and two elastic elements; one end of the lifting screw passes through the through hole and extends towards the side where the spare tire is located, while the other end extends away from the base plate; the two limiting plates are spaced apart around the lifting screw, with one limiting plate located on the side of the lifting screw closer to the base plate and the other limiting plate located on the side of the lifting screw away from the base plate; the two elastic elements are respectively sleeved around the lifting screw, with one end of each elastic element abutting against the surface of the corresponding limiting plate and the other end fixed to the surface of the connecting block.

[0010] Furthermore, the two limiting plates have flanges extending along the axial length of the lifting screw towards the side where the connecting block is located, and the circumferential surface of the flanges abuts against the circumferential surface of the corresponding elastic element.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the two base plates is provided with a corner plate, one end of which is fixedly connected to the corresponding base plate, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright plate, forming a triangular structure.

[0012] Furthermore, both base plates are symmetrically provided with mounting holes for connecting to the test platform.

[0013] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this utility model have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This application simulates the vehicle's load-bearing system by constructing a three-dimensional spatial frame structure. A base plate is spaced along the vehicle width to form a basic support surface. Vertical plates are fixed to the base plate to form a vertical load-bearing structure. Channelized longitudinal beams are arranged with opposite slots to form a longitudinal guiding structure; their slot lengths are aligned with the vehicle length to accurately simulate the longitudinal stress characteristics of the frame. Crossbeams are spaced along the longitudinal beam slot lengths to form transverse reinforcing ribs, improving overall rigidity and providing multi-point constraints. A connecting block spans between two longitudinal beams to form a transverse connecting platform. The connecting block connects to the top of the crossbeam to ensure the continuity of the load transfer path. A lifting assembly is positioned in the center of the connecting block to form an adjustable fixed node. Its working end is fixed to the spare tire connection to form a dynamic force application point, accurately simulating the multi-directional load conditions of the spare tire carrier during vehicle vibration. This creates a test fixture with realistic frame stiffness distribution and constraint conditions, effectively replicating the spare tire carrier's service condition on the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the assembled state provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Icons: 10-Base plate; 101-Mounting hole; 11-Upright plate; 12-Longitudinal beam; 13-Connecting block; 14-Angle plate; 20-Lifting assembly; 21-Lifting screw; 22-Limit plate; 221-Flange; 23-Elastic component. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0018] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] Combination Figure 1As shown, a fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire rack includes two base plates 10, two upright plates 11, two longitudinal beams 12, multiple crossbeams, a connecting block 13, and a lifting assembly 20. The two base plates 10 are spaced apart along the vehicle width direction. The two upright plates 11 are respectively fixedly mounted on their respective base plates 10. The two grooved longitudinal beams 12 are respectively fixedly mounted on their respective upright plates 11, with their groove openings facing each other and their groove length direction aligned with the vehicle length direction. The multiple crossbeams are fixedly mounted on both sides of the groove width direction of the longitudinal beams 12 and spaced apart along the groove length direction. The connecting block 13 is disposed between the two longitudinal beams 12, and both ends of the connecting block 13 are fixedly connected to the top of the adjacent crossbeam. The lifting assembly 20 is fixedly mounted on the connecting block 13, with the working end of the lifting assembly 20 facing the side where the base plate 10 is located, and is fixedly connected to the connecting part of the spare tire.

[0020] In the above scheme, a three-dimensional spatial frame structure is constructed to simulate the vehicle's load-bearing system. A base plate 10 is spaced along the vehicle width to form a basic support surface. Vertical plates 11 are vertically fixed to the base plate 10 to form a vertical load-bearing structure. Grooved longitudinal beams 12 are arranged with opposite grooves to form a longitudinal guiding structure; their groove length direction is consistent with the vehicle length direction, accurately simulating the longitudinal stress characteristics of the frame. Crossbeams are spaced along the groove length direction of the longitudinal beams 12 to form transverse reinforcing ribs, improving overall rigidity and providing multi-point constraints. A connecting block 13 spans between two longitudinal beams 12 to form a transverse connecting platform. The connecting block 13 connects to the top of the crossbeams to ensure the continuity of the load transfer path. A lifting assembly 20 is positioned in the center of the connecting block 13 to form an adjustable fixed node. Its working end is fixed to the spare tire connection to form a dynamic force application point, accurately simulating the multi-directional load conditions of the spare tire carrier during vehicle vibration. This creates a test fixture with realistic frame stiffness distribution and constraint conditions, effectively restoring the spare tire carrier's service condition on the vehicle.

[0021] The connecting block 13 has a Z-shaped structure. Both ends of the connecting block 13 are fixedly connected to the groove wall of the corresponding longitudinal beam 12 away from the bottom plate 10. The middle part of the connecting block 13 is provided with a through hole for installing the lifting assembly 20.

[0022] In the above scheme, by designing the connecting block 13 as a Z-shaped structure, its geometric characteristics are used to enhance the bending stiffness of the plate and avoid the axial displacement of the lifting assembly 20 caused by the deformation of the connecting block 13 during vibration testing. The two ends of the connecting block 13 are fixed to the sidewalls of the longitudinal beam 12 away from the base plate 10, forming a cantilever support structure. This ensures a rigid connection between the connecting block 13 and the longitudinal beam 12 while avoiding spatial interference in the area of ​​the base plate 10. A through hole is provided in the middle of the connecting block 13 so that the axis of the lifting assembly 20 coincides with the geometric center of the connecting block 13, ensuring that the vertical movement trajectory of the lifting screw 21 is consistent with the force direction of the spare tire frame, thereby accurately transmitting the vibration load. The flange 221 structure and the circumferential abutment design of the elastic element 23 further constrain the radial displacement of the elastic element 23, preventing the elastic element from failing due to off-center loading.

[0023] The lifting assembly 20 includes a lifting screw 21, two limiting plates 22, and two elastic elements 23. One end of the lifting screw 21 passes through the through hole and extends toward the side where the spare tire is located, while the other end extends toward the side away from the base plate 10. The two limiting plates 22 are spaced apart around the lifting screw 21, with one limiting plate 22 located on the side of the lifting screw 21 closer to the base plate 10 and the other limiting plate 22 located on the side of the lifting screw 21 away from the base plate 10. The two elastic elements 23 are respectively sleeved around the lifting screw 21, with one end of each elastic element 23 abutting against the surface of the corresponding limiting plate 22 and the other end fixed to the surface of the connecting block 13.

[0024] In the above scheme, a dynamic adjustment structure is constructed through the coordinated operation of the lifting screw 21 and the elastic element 23. The lifting screw 21 passes through the connecting block 13 to form a bidirectional extension structure, connecting the spare tire carrier while retaining adjustment margin. Two limiting plates 22 form an axial constraint zone around the screw. One limiting plate 22 restricts the screw's downward depth, while the other limiting plate 22 constrains the tensile amplitude, jointly constructing a physical boundary that conforms to the actual vibration amplitude. One elastic element 23 provides compression buffering, while the other elastic element 23 provides tensile damping. Together, they restore the transmission characteristics of bidirectional vibration loads during vehicle operation. The contact surfaces of the limiting plates 22 and the elastic elements 23 avoid stress concentration caused by point contact, ensuring uniform dissipation of vibration energy. Furthermore, operators can rotate the limiting plates 22 to drive the lifting screw 21 to perform axial displacement, thereby realizing the spare tire's service status in the vehicle at different vertical heights in the test space.

[0025] It is feasible to recess a groove on one side of the connecting plate 12 near the elastic member 23, and slide the end of the elastic member 23 near the connecting plate 13 in the groove. The groove restricts the radial displacement of the elastic member 23, ensuring stable contact between the elastic member 23 and the connecting plate 13 and the limiting plate 22.

[0026] The two limiting plates 22 have flanges 221 extending along the axial length of the lifting screw 21 toward the side where the connecting block 13 is located. The circumferential surface of the flanges 221 abuts against the circumferential surface of the corresponding elastic member 23.

[0027] In the above scheme, an axially extending flange 221 structure is provided along the edge of the limiting plate 22 to form a circumferential constraint on the elastic element 23. The flange 221 is positioned along the axial direction of the lifting screw 21, ensuring that the circumferential surface of the elastic element 23 remains in continuous contact with the flange 221 when subjected to vibration loads, effectively limiting the lateral displacement of the elastic element 23. The abutting relationship between the flange 221 and the circumferential surface of the elastic element 23 prevents radial slippage of the elastic element 23 during compression or rebound, ensuring that the elastic element 23 always moves linearly along the axial direction of the lifting screw 21. This structure enhances the motion trajectory control of the elastic element 23 through mechanical limiting, avoiding jamming or non-axial force on the lifting screw 21 caused by the skewness of the elastic element 23, thereby improving the dynamic stability of the lifting assembly 20 during vibration testing.

[0028] Angle plates 14 are provided on both base plates 10. One end of the angle plate 14 is fixedly connected to the corresponding base plate 10, and the other end is fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright plate 11, forming a triangular structure.

[0029] In the above scheme, one end of the corner plate 14 is fixedly connected to the base plate 10, and the other end is fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright plate 11, forming a stable triangular geometric structure. The purpose of this arrangement is to effectively disperse the dynamic load generated during the vibration test and avoid local deformation or breakage at the connection between the base plate 10 and the upright plate 11 due to stress concentration.

[0030] Both base plates 10 have symmetrical mounting holes 101 for connecting to the test platform.

[0031] In the above scheme, the mounting holes 101 are symmetrically distributed on the base plate 10, ensuring uniform stress on the fixture and preventing it from shifting or loosening due to asymmetrical loads generated during vibration testing. This ensures the accuracy of vibration transmission during the test. The symmetrically arranged mounting holes 101 can be adapted to the standard fixing interface of the test platform, ensuring the convenience and reliability of fixture installation. At the same time, the multi-point symmetrical fixing enhances the structural rigidity, suppresses loss or distortion during vibration energy transmission, and ultimately improves the consistency between the test results and the actual service condition of the spare tire rack.

[0032] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A fixing fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire rack, characterized in that, It includes two base plates (10), two vertical plates (11), two longitudinal beams (12), multiple cross beams, connecting blocks (13), and lifting components (20). The two base plates (10) are spaced apart along the vehicle width direction; The two upright plates (11) are respectively fixedly mounted on the corresponding base plates (10); The two grooved longitudinal beams (12) are respectively fixed on the corresponding vertical plates (11), and the grooves of the two longitudinal beams (12) are opposite each other, and the groove length direction is consistent with the vehicle length direction; Multiple crossbeams are fixedly arranged on both sides of the groove width direction of the longitudinal beam (12) and spaced apart along the groove length direction of the longitudinal beam (12); The connecting block (13) is disposed between the two longitudinal beams (12), and the two ends of the connecting block (13) are fixedly connected to the top of the adjacent transverse beam; The lifting assembly (20) is fixedly mounted on the connecting block (13), and the working end of the lifting assembly (20) faces the side where the base plate (10) is located, and is fixedly connected to the connecting part of the spare tire.

2. The fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting block (13) has a zigzag shape. Both ends of the connecting block (13) are fixedly connected to the groove wall on the side of the corresponding longitudinal beam (12) away from the bottom plate (10). The middle part of the connecting block (13) is provided with a through hole for installing the lifting assembly (20).

3. The fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire carrier according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (20) includes a lifting screw (21), two limiting plates (22), and two elastic elements (23). One end of the lifting screw (21) passes through the through hole and extends toward the side where the spare tire is located, while the other end extends toward the side away from the base plate (10). Two limiting plates (22) are spaced apart on the periphery of the lifting screw (21). One limiting plate (22) is located on the side of the lifting screw (21) closer to the base plate (10), and the other limiting plate (22) is located on the side of the lifting screw (21) away from the base plate (10). Two elastic elements (23) are respectively sleeved on the periphery of the lifting screw (21). One end of the two elastic elements (23) is in contact with the corresponding limiting plate (22), and the other end is fixed to the plate of the connecting block (13).

4. The fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two limiting plates (22) have flanges (221) extending along the axial length of the lifting screw (21) toward the side where the connecting block (13) is located. The circumferential surface of the flanges (221) abuts against the circumferential surface of the corresponding elastic element (23).

5. The fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that, Angle plates (14) are provided on both base plates (10). One end of the angle plate (14) is fixedly connected to the corresponding base plate (10), and the other end is fixedly connected to the periphery of the upright plate (11), forming a triangular structure.

6. The fixture for vibration fatigue testing of a spare tire carrier according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both base plates (10) are symmetrically provided with mounting holes (101) for connecting to the test platform.

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