An electrical switch

Abstract

The utility model relates to electrical equipment technical field, concretely is a kind of electrical switch, including base, pivot, connecting rod, first insulating column, second insulating column, isolation blade, first gear, second gear, rack and buffer component, buffer component includes sleeve, piston and push rod, one end of sleeve is closed and the other end is open, piston and sleeve sliding seal connection, the inner chamber lateral wall of sleeve is equipped with multiple buffer air holes along the axis direction, the diameter of multiple buffer air holes gradually decreases from sleeve open end to closed end, one end of push rod is fixedly connected with piston, and the other end is opposite the end of rack. The utility model realizes buffer function by sleeve, piston and push rod, eliminates elastic damping ball, shock absorbing spring and shock absorbing gasket and other mechanical elements, not only simplifies structure, but also can avoid the problem that the shock absorbing performance of existing high-voltage disconnecting switch is caused by friction loss after long-term use, has good practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment technology, specifically to an electrical switch. Background Technology

[0002] An electrical switch is an electronic component primarily used to open and close circuits, controlling the flow of current. It can connect and disconnect current under normal circuit conditions, and carry current for a certain period under abnormal circuit conditions (such as a short circuit).

[0003] Chinese utility model patent application number CN202321753442.4 discloses a high-voltage disconnecting switch, which is equipped with a sector gear, a transmission gear, a rack and a shock absorber on the opening and closing positioning mechanism. During operation, the sector gear moves with the positioning plate and drives the rack to slide through the transmission gear. The shock absorber can dampen the movement of the rack, which helps to improve the safety of the disconnecting switch opening and closing and reduce the adverse effects of collisions during opening and closing positioning.

[0004] In the aforementioned high-voltage disconnect switch, the shock absorber comprises multiple components such as a cylinder, piston, and elastic damping ball. Firstly, it requires high assembly precision, and the elastic damping ball may experience decreased damping performance due to frictional wear after prolonged use. Secondly, the overall structure of the shock absorber is relatively complex. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize and simplify the structure of the aforementioned high-voltage disconnect switch. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an electrical switch, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] An electrical switch includes a base, a rotating shaft, a connecting rod, a first insulating post, a second insulating post, an isolating blade, a first gear, a second gear, and a rack. The first and second insulating posts are spaced apart and mounted on the base. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the base. The top of the first insulating post has a stationary contact. One end of the isolating blade is hinged to the top of the second insulating post, and the other end of the isolating blade has a moving contact. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the base. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the rotating shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the isolating blade. The first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and is pre-installed coaxially with the rotating shaft. The second gear... The gear is rotatably mounted on the base and meshes with the first gear. The rack meshes with the second gear and is slidably mounted on the base. The electrical switch also includes a buffer component, which is fixedly mounted on one side of both ends of the rack. The buffer component includes a sleeve, a piston, and a push rod. One end of the sleeve is closed and the other end is open. The piston is slidably and sealingly connected to the inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve. The inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve is provided with multiple buffer air holes along the axial direction. The diameter of the multiple buffer air holes gradually decreases from the open end of the sleeve to the closed end. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end of the push rod is directly opposite the end of the rack.

[0007] By configuring a sleeve, piston, and push rod, when the electrical switch is opened or closed, the first gear drives the rack to slide relative to the base through the second gear. Since the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with multiple buffer air holes and the diameter of the buffer air holes gradually decreases from the open end of the sleeve to the closed end, the combination of the sleeve, piston, and push rod can buffer and dampen the movement of the rack, reduce the vibration and damage to the electrical switch opening and closing operation chamber, extend the service life of the electrical switch, and improve the safety of opening and closing operations.

[0008] Compared to existing disconnect switches, the electrical switch achieves a buffer function through a sleeve, piston, and push rod, eliminating the need for mechanical components such as elastic damping balls, shock-absorbing springs, and shock-absorbing pads. This not only simplifies the structure but also avoids the problem of decreased shock absorption performance of the elastic damping ball due to frictional wear after long-term use, which exists in existing high-voltage disconnect switches. It has excellent practicality.

[0009] Preferably, the first gear is a sector gear with a variable pitch structure. The pitch of the sector gear gradually increases from one end of the arc to the other end. When the second gear meshes with one end of the arc of the sector gear, the electrical switch is in the open state. When the second gear meshes with the other end of the arc of the sector gear, the electrical switch is in the closed state.

[0010] Preferably, the plurality of buffer vents constitute a plurality of buffer vent groups evenly distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the plurality of buffer vents in each buffer vent group are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the rack has a groove along its length, and a guide post is fixedly installed on the base, with the guide post slidably connected to the groove.

[0012] Preferably, the electrical switch further includes a crank fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the rotating shaft via the crank.

[0013] Preferably, the electrical switch further includes a helical spring, which is installed in the inner cavity of the sleeve and located between the piston and the closed end of the sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the two sidewalls of the groove are provided with graphite self-lubricating strips.

[0015] Preferably, both the first insulating post and the second insulating post are made of insulating ceramic material.

[0016] Preferably, both the moving contact and the stationary contact have a silver plating layer on their surfaces.

[0017] Preferably, the isolation blade is provided with heat dissipation fins. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The invention will be further understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but rather the emphasis is on illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In different views, the same reference numerals designate corresponding parts.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electrical switch according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer component of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer component of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer component of this utility model. Figure 3 .

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Shaft; 3. Connecting rod; 4. First insulating post; 5. Second insulating post; 6. Isolation blade; 7. First gear; 8. Second gear; 9. Rack; 10. Sleeve; 11. Piston; 12. Push rod; 13. Guide post; 14. Slide groove; 15. Crank; 16. Helical spring; 17. Buffer vent. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to its embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0025] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] In this invention, "first" and "second" do not represent a specific quantity or order, but are merely used to distinguish names.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, an electrical switch includes a base 1, a rotating shaft 2, a connecting rod 3, a first insulating post 4, a second insulating post 5, an isolating blade 6, a first gear 7, a second gear 8, and a rack 9. The first insulating post 4 and the second insulating post 5 are spaced apart and mounted on the base 1. The spacing between the first insulating post 4 and the second insulating post 5 can be set according to actual conditions. The base 1 can be fixedly mounted on the crossarm of a utility pole.

[0029] The rotating shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the base 1, specifically, it passes through the base 1 and is rotatable relative to the base 1. A drive assembly, such as a servo motor, is mounted on the base 1 to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 2. The drive assembly drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting rod 3 to move, thereby driving the isolating blade 6 to rotate around the hinge point, realizing the opening and closing operation of the electrical switch. Figure 1As shown, the electrical switch is preferably an isolating switch.

[0030] Preferably, both the first insulating post 4 and the second insulating post 5 are made of insulating ceramic material to improve the heat resistance, insulation and mechanical strength of the first insulating post 4 and the second insulating post 5.

[0031] The first insulating post 4 has a stationary contact at its top, one end of the isolating blade 6 is hinged to the top of the second insulating post 5, and the other end of the isolating blade 6 has a moving contact. Preferably, both the moving contact and the stationary contact have a silver plating layer on their surfaces to improve their conductivity.

[0032] One end of the connecting rod 3 is hinged to the rotating shaft 2, and the other end of the connecting rod 3 is hinged to the isolation blade 6. The first gear 7 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2 and is pre-installed coaxially with the rotating shaft 2. The second gear 8 is rotatably mounted on the base 1 and meshes with the first gear 7. The rack 9 meshes with the second gear 8 and is slidably mounted on the base 1.

[0033] Specifically, the electrical switch also includes a crank 15 fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 2, and one end of the connecting rod 3 is hinged to the rotating shaft 2 through the crank 15.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the rack 9 is vertically arranged and has a groove 14 along its length. A guide post 13 is fixedly installed on the base 1, and the guide post 13 is slidably connected to the groove 14. The guide post 13 can pass through the groove 14 and then be slidably connected to the groove 14.

[0035] Thus, through the sliding connection between the guide post 13 and the slide groove 14, the rack 9 can be ensured to move back and forth relative to the base 1 along the length direction of the slide groove 14, ensuring the stability of the rack 9 during its movement.

[0036] Preferably, graphite self-lubricating strips are provided on both side walls of the slide groove 14. By embedding graphite self-lubricating strips on the side walls of the slide groove 14, the sliding friction loss between the guide post 13 and the slide groove 14 can be reduced, and the maintenance cycle can be extended.

[0037] The isolating blade 6 is provided with heat dissipation fins (not shown in the figure). The heat dissipation fins improve the heat dissipation performance of the isolating blade 6 and prevent the isolating blade 6 from deforming due to high temperature, which would lead to a decrease in its opening and closing performance.

[0038] like Figure 1 as well as Figure 2As shown, the electrical switch also includes a buffer component, which is fixedly installed on one side of both ends of the rack 9. The buffer component includes a sleeve 10, a piston 11, and a push rod 12. One end of the sleeve 10 is closed and the other end is open. The piston 11 is slidably and sealingly connected to the inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve 10. The inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve 10 is provided with a plurality of buffer air holes 17 along the axial direction. The diameter of the plurality of buffer air holes 17 gradually decreases from the open end to the closed end of the sleeve 10. One end of the push rod 12 is fixedly connected to the piston 11, and the other end of the push rod 12 is directly opposite the end of the rack 9.

[0039] Regarding the connection between the other end of the push rod 12 and the end of the rack 9, specifically, the other end of the push rod 12 can be directly and fixedly connected to the end of the rack 9, that is, the other ends of the push rods 12 in the two buffer components are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the rack 9.

[0040] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electrical switch also includes a helical spring 16, which is installed in the inner cavity of the sleeve 10 and located between the piston 11 and the closed end of the sleeve 10. At this time, the other ends of the push rods 12 in the two buffer components are respectively opposite the two ends of the rack 9, and the other ends of the push rods 12 are not fixedly connected to the end of the rack 9. Here, the helical spring 16 has two functions: first, it acts as a buffer during the process where the rack 9 strikes the push rod 12 and pushes the piston 11 towards the bottom of the inner cavity of the sleeve 10; second, after the end of the rack 9 separates from the other end of the push rod 12, it uses its own elasticity to drive the piston 11 to reset, preparing for the next buffering and shock absorption of the buffer components.

[0041] Specifically, the sleeve 10, piston 11, and push rod 12 constitute a buffer component, which can be understood as a primary buffer, while the helical spring 16 can be understood as a secondary buffer. The sleeve 10, piston 11, push rod 12, and helical spring 16 work together to better mitigate the impact force during the opening and closing of the electrical switch.

[0042] Preferably, the plurality of buffer vents 17 constitute a plurality of buffer vent groups evenly distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve 10, and the plurality of buffer vents in each buffer vent group are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve 10.

[0043] Since the diameter of the multiple buffer vents 17 gradually decreases from the open end to the closed end of the sleeve 10, when the electrical switch performs opening or closing operations, when the first gear 7 drives the rack 9 to move along its length direction through the second gear 8, and the rack 9 pushes the piston 11 towards the bottom of the sleeve 10 through the push rod 12, the resistance experienced by the piston 11 will gradually increase. That is to say, as the piston 11 moves towards the bottom of the sleeve 10, the buffering force of the buffer component will also gradually increase, effectively offsetting the impact force generated by the rack 9 during the opening and closing process, thereby playing a role in buffering and shock absorption, and buffering collisions.

[0044] The dimensions of the mechanical parts, such as the sleeve 10, piston 11, push rod 12, and rack 9, can be set according to the actual electrical switch model and size, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0045] By configuring the sleeve 10, piston 11, and push rod 12, when the electrical switch is opened or closed, the first gear 7 drives the rack 9 to slide relative to the base 1 through the second gear 8. Since the inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve 10 is provided with multiple buffer air holes 17 and the diameter of the buffer air holes 17 gradually decreases from the open end to the closed end of the sleeve 10, the sleeve 10, piston 11, and push rod 12 together constitute a buffer component, which can buffer and dampen the movement of the rack 9, reduce the vibration and damage to the electrical switch opening and closing operation chamber, extend the service life of the electrical switch, and improve the safety of the opening and closing operation.

[0046] Compared to the disconnect switches in the prior art, the electrical switch achieves the buffer function through the sleeve 10, piston 11 and push rod 12, eliminating the need for mechanical components such as elastic damping balls, shock-absorbing springs and shock-absorbing pads. This not only simplifies the structure but also avoids the problem of decreased shock absorption performance caused by frictional wear of the elastic damping balls after long-term use, making it highly practical.

[0047] As a preferred technical solution, the first gear 7 is a sector gear with a variable pitch structure. The pitch of the sector gear gradually increases from one end of the arc to the other end. When the second gear 8 meshes with one end of the arc of the sector gear, the electrical switch is in the open state. When the second gear 8 meshes with the other end of the arc of the sector gear, the electrical switch is in the closed state.

[0048] Specifically, in the initial stage of closing, the sector gear adopts a small tooth pitch to increase the transmission ratio and reduce the initial operating torque; in the final stage of closing, the sector gear adopts a large tooth pitch to increase the sliding speed of the rack 9, and together with the buffer component, achieves the operating characteristics of "light start, fast arrival, and gentle buffer".

[0049] As a preferred technical solution, the middle part of the slide groove 14 is an arc-shaped guide groove. The arc-shaped guide groove cooperates with the guide post 13, so that the rack 9 forms an arc-shaped trajectory when sliding, thus dispersing the collision force. The specific dimensions of the arc-shaped guide groove can be set according to the dimensions of the slide groove 14 and the guide post 13, and will not be elaborated here.

[0050] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrical switch, comprising a base, a rotating shaft, a connecting rod, a first insulating post, a second insulating post, an isolating blade, a first gear, a second gear, and a rack, wherein the first insulating post and the second insulating post are spaced apart and mounted on the base, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the base, the top of the first insulating post is provided with a stationary contact, one end of the isolating blade is hinged to the top of the second insulating post, the other end of the isolating blade is provided with a moving contact, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the base, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the rotating shaft, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the isolating blade, the first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and is pre-coaxially mounted with the rotating shaft, the second gear is rotatably mounted on the base and meshes with the first gear, and the rack meshes with the second gear and is slidably mounted on the base, characterized in that... The electrical switch also includes a buffer component, which is fixedly installed on one side of both ends of the rack. The buffer component includes a sleeve, a piston, and a push rod. One end of the sleeve is closed and the other end is open. The piston is slidably and sealingly connected to the inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve. The inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve is provided with multiple buffer vents along the axial direction. The diameter of the multiple buffer vents gradually decreases from the open end of the sleeve to the closed end. One end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end of the push rod is directly opposite the end of the rack.

2. An electrical switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first gear is a sector gear with a variable pitch structure. The pitch of the sector gear gradually increases from one end of the arc to the other end. When the second gear meshes with one end of the arc of the sector gear, the electrical switch is in the open state. When the second gear meshes with the other end of the arc of the sector gear, the electrical switch is in the closed state.

3. An electrical switch as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of buffer vents constitute a plurality of buffer vent groups evenly distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the plurality of buffer vents in each buffer vent group are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve.

4. An electrical switch as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The rack has a groove along its length, and a guide post is fixedly installed on the base, with the guide post slidably connected to the groove.

5. An electrical switch as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The electrical switch also includes a crank fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the rotating shaft via the crank.

6. An electrical switch as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The electrical switch also includes a helical spring, which is installed in the inner cavity of the sleeve and located between the piston and the closed end of the sleeve.

7. An electrical switch as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The two sidewalls of the chute are provided with graphite self-lubricating strips.

8. An electrical switch as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Both the first insulating post and the second insulating post are made of insulating ceramic material.

9. An electrical switch as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Both the moving contact and the stationary contact have a silver plating layer on their surfaces.

10. An electrical switch as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The isolation blade is equipped with heat dissipation fins.

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